Answer to Assignment 1:

1.(d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5.(b) 6. (a,c) 7.(a) 8.(c)

Detailed Solution:
1. Thermodynamic properties are macroscopic coordinates significant only for systems
existing in states of thermodynamic equilibrium
2. A collection of matter bounded by a wall impervious to the flow of mass and energy
is called an isolated system. If the wall is impervious to the flow of mass only, then it
is called a closed system, while for a control volume there is transport of both mass
and energy through the wall of it ( control surface).
3. Usually for most of the liquids, volume decreases during freezing. For water, there is
an exception that the volume increases upon freezing.
4. Since both pressure and temperature remain constant during the phase change
process, both the lines will coincide in the vapour dome.
5. On a p-v plane for a pure substance in superheated region, the slopes of constant
temperature lines are negative.
6. According to thermodynamics, energy has two status: energy in transit which is a path
function and energy in storage which is a point function. Note that a system can never
possess heat or work. Heat and work cross the boundary of system when the system
undergoes a change of state.
7. From steam table, for p = 5 bar

v f = 0.0010926 m3 /kg , vg = 0.3749 m3 /kg

The initial specific volume
=
1v =
v
f , p 5 bar =
1 + x (v
g , p 5=
bar v
f , p 5 bar )
= 0.0010926 + 0.5 ( 0.3749 0.0010926 )
= 0.188 m3 /kg
The mass of water is
V 0.2
m= = = 1.064 kg
v1 0.188
Since the tank is rigid, the volume remains constant and hence v1 = v2 . Thus, the
pressure will be=
p2 p=
sat , v2 10.5 bar
8. The saturation temperature at 400 kPa=
Tsat 143.63C and therefore initially water is
in superheated state.
Water at state 2 is saturated vapour at 400 kPa. From steam table, we have
v2 = 0.4625 m3 /kg
From steam table, for p = 100 kPa
v f = 0.001043 m3 /kg , vg = 1.6940 m3 /kg ,
During process 2-3, piston rests on the stops and hence it is a constant volume (
= 0.4625 m3 /kg ) process. Since specific volume at 3 is in between v f and vg at 100 kPa,
the state at 3 will be saturated liquid-vapour mixture. Therefore,
=
v3 =
v2 = v f , p 100 kPa
= + x ( vg , p 100
= kPa v f , p 100 kPa )

0.4625 = 0.001043 + x (1.6940 0.001043)

or x = 0.2728.