Elements and Atomic Stucture

Copy and complete the sentences, answer the questions.

Elements

There are about ________ naturally occurring elements altogether.

These are shown in the ____________ ________.

Q1. Which elements have the symbols:-

a) C b) H c) O d) Na e) Mg f) Fe g) Pb h) Cl i) N

Atoms

Elements are made up of tiny particles called ________.

Each element is made up of ______ type of atom.
There are about ________ different types of atoms found naturally, one for each
__________.

Atomic Particles

Particle Found Relative Mass Charge

Proton 1 +1
P's
Neutron Nucleus &
N's
Electron Shells Negligible

In an atom, the number of electrons in the ________ is the same as the number of
___________ in the nucleus.
The atom as a whole has ______ electrical charge.

All the atoms in an element have the same number of __________ and _________.
Atoms in different elements have different numbers of ___________ and
___________.

The total number of __________ in an element is called the atomic number.

The total number of protons and neutrons is called the _______ number.
The total number of electrons is the same as the number of __________.

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 Elements and Atomic Stucture

Chemical Symbols

Atomic Mass
This is the number of particles in the
nucleus (protons + neutrons)
12

C
6

Atomic Number
This is the number of protons in the atom
(also the number of electrons).

Carbon therefore has: 6 protons

6 electrons
12 6 = 6 neutrons

NB. The atomic mass is actually the mass of the whole atom, including electrons. So it not
appear as an integer on some periodic tables. Round off to the nearest whole number for
your calculations.

Q2. How many protons, neutrons and electrons in these atoms.

16 27 1 39
a) b) c) d)
O Al H K
8 13 1 19

68 197 40 35.5
e) f) g) h)
Zn Au Ar Cl
30 79 18 17

NB. These numbers are sometimes arranged differently. The largest number is always
the Atomic Mass.

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