CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

EX.NO: 8

DATE:

CYCLONE SEPARATOR

AIM:

To determine the critical particle diameter and overall efficiency of the given cyclone assembly.

MATERIAL USED :

Fine Sand of different size.

THEORY:

Cyclones are the principles type of gas solid separation employing centrifugal force and are widely
used. They are basically simple construction and can be made from a wide range of naturals and
designing for high temperature and pressure. Operation cyclones are also then extensively used for
separating solids from liquid especially for purpose of classification cyclone is the most widely used for
centrifuge equipment for separating dust or most from gases. It consists of vertical cyclone with a
conical bottom. The incoming dust air travel in a spiral patch around and down the cylindrical body of
the cyclone. The Centrifugal forces are developed in the vortex bends to move the particle radically to
walls. The wall and the particle reach the wall side down into the cone and are collected.

FORMULA USED:

1.Volumetric Flow rate(Q)

Q=Cd.A (2. g. H)

Where A-area of orifice = /4 D02

D0= Orifice diameter = 35mm

Cd= Coefficient of discharge = 0.69

CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab
( ) 1
H=difference in manometer readings: = 1 2 ( )
100

m=density of manometric fluid(kg/m3) , a= Density of air (kg/m3)

2.Velocity of particle (Vc)

Q
Vc =
Ac

Ac= Area of cyclone = /4 Dc2

Dc= Diameter of cyclone =150mm

3.Fractional efficiency (hi)

Hi =

Where Si= Weight of the product in gm.

Ki= Weight of feed in gm

4.Weight fraction(xi)

xi=

Where, Ki= Weight of individual feed ,gram

Ki=Weight of total feed (sand),gram.

5.Overall Efficiency

= Hi. xi

Where Hi= Fractional efficiency

CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

xi= Weight fraction .

6.Critical Particle diameter (Dpc)

= 9
2..()

Where. = Viscosity of air = 18.63*10-6 Kg/ms

s= Density of sand = 2700Kg/m3

= Density of air = 1.165Kg/m3

Nc = Number of rotations of cyclone = 6

Bc= 0.0375m(Inlet widgth)

PROCEDURE:

Take a known quantity of sand do sieve analysis before it fed to the cyclone separator .This sieve
analysis is to be carried out with the mesh sieves 0.3,0.15,0.075mm and pan respectively. After
sieving weigh the weight retaining on corresponding meshes. Then the mixture is fed to the bin a above
the screw conveyor before switching on the blower all the air inlet of the cyclone chamber are kept fully
open. The cyclone separator is to be operated for 10-15 minutes. The manometer readings are noted
down. After switching off the cyclone the material recovered are allowed to sieve analysis. Find the
weight fraction of the individual mesh and enter the values in the tabular column.
CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab

Tabulation:

S.NO Manometer Mesh Aperture Weight Weight Fractional Weight Overall

reading(cm) Opening
opening of of Efficiency fraction efficiency
Feed Product (Hi) % (XI) () %
(Ki) (Si) (g)
(g)
H1 H2 H

Model Calculation:

RESULT :

1. Critical particle diameter of the sand Dpc =

2. Overall efficiency of the cyclone separator =

CHE1022: Mechanical Operation Lab