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Caso I: Calcular
= . Pero:
2 2 . 2 2 2 . 2 2 2 . 2
= = =
1 2 2 + 2 2 ( 2 ) (1 + 2 )
2 2
2 2
=
1 + 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ( 2 2) (1 2 2)
= = =
1 2 2
2 + 2 ( 2 ) (1 + 2 )
2 2
1 2 2
=
1 + 2 2
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
As:
= , = , como:
+ +
= = 2 1 =
+
. Calcular:
Solucin:
1 + 2 2
= = ( )( ) = = || +
2 1 + 2
= | | + .
2
. Calcular:
1 +
Solucin:
2
1 + 2
= = = |1 | + =
1 + 2 1 2 1
1 +
1 + 2 1 + 2
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
= |1 | + .
1 + 2
. Calcular:
Solucin:
1 + 2 2 1+
= = ( ) ( ) = 2 = | |+
1 2 1 + 2 1 2 1
1 +
= | 2| + .
1 2
(, ), si es funcin par.
Es decir si: (, ) = (, )
Cambio de variable: Si
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
=
1 + 2
= 1
=
{ 1 + 2
Despejando :
= 1 =
1 + 2
. Calcular:
4
Solucin:
Sea: = = 1 =
1 + 2
2 2 3
= 1 + 2 = (1 + ) = (1 + 2 ) = + +
4
4 1 1 + 2 3
( )
1 + 2
3
= + + .
4 3
. Calcular:
2 . 2
Solucin:
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
Sea: = = 1 =
1 + 2
1 + 2 1 + 2
= 2 2 =
2 . 2 1 1 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 + 2 1 + 2 1 + 2 1 + 2
1 + 2 1 1
= 2 = + + = + +
= + + .
2 . 2
. = + . . = + .
. 2 = + . . 2 = + .
. . = + .
. . = + .
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
Observacin 13. Los mtodos usados para integrar potencias de las funciones
hiperblicas son semejantes a los que se emplean para las potencias de funciones
trigonomtricas.
( 2 )
. Calcular:
Solucin:
2. 2
Sea: = = =
2
( 2 ) 1 2
= ( 2 ) ( )
2
1 1 1
() = () + = ( 2 ) + .
2 2 2
( )
. Calcular:
2
Solucin:
Sea: = = 2
( )
2
= [( )]( 2 )
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
( )
= [()] = () + = ( ) + .
2
. ( 2 )
. Calcular:
1 + 4
Solucin:
2
Sea: = =
1 + 4
. ( 2 ) 1 2)
2
= ( ( )
1 + 4 2 1 + 4
. ( 2 ) 1 1
= ( ) = () +
1 + 4 2 2
. ( 2 ) 1
4
= ( 2 ) + .
1+ 2
. Calcular: ( + ).
Solucin:
Sea: = + = ()
1
( + ). = ( + )(. )
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
1 1
( + ). = ()() = () +
1
( + ). = ( + ) +
. Calcular: 3 . 2
Solucin:
3 . 2 = (2 ) . (2 )( )
= ( 2 1)(2 )( )
= ()4 ( ) ( )2 ( )
3 2
5 3
. = + .
5 3
. Calcular: 2
Solucin:
2 = (1 2 ) = 2
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
2 = + .
SUSTITUCIONES DIVERSAS
( ) 2 + +
Hacer la sustitucin: =
. Calcular: =
2 27 2 + 6 1
1
= = = 2 , reemplazando en la integral
2 2
= =
2 27 2 + 6 1 1 27 6 27 + 6 2
+ 1
2 2
||
=
2 27 2 + 6 1 27 + 6 2
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
, si > 0
27 + 6 2 ()
, si < 0
{ 27 + 6 2
Calculando
1 (2 + 6)
= + 3
27 + 6 2 2 27 + 6 2 36 ( 3)2
3
= 27 + 6 2 + 3 1 ( )+
6
1
6 1 3
= 27 + 2 + 3 1 ( )+
6
27 2 + 6 1 1 3
= + 3 1 ( ) + .
27 + 6 2 || 6
Regresando a ()
=
2 27 2 + 6 1
27 2 + 6 1 1 3
3 1 ( ) + , si > 0
|| 6
27 2 + 6 1 1 3
+ 3 1 ( ) + , si < 0
{ || 6
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
27 2 + 6 1 1 3
3 1 ( ) + , si > 0
= 6
27 2 + 6 1 1 3
+ 3 1 ( ) + , si < 0
{ 6
1. Las integrales de los binomios diferenciales que no pertenecen a los tres casos
elementales.
2
, , , 1 2 2 ,
, etc.
funciones elementales.
CLCULO INTEGRAL Prof. Lucy Salazar Rojas
4. La integral:
2
+ , que se anula para = 0
2 2
( ) = + , (0) = 0
exp(-x 2)
1
1
2
0.8 ( ) =
0.6
0.4
0.2
1.5
1
1 2
2 2
0.5 ( ) =
-0.5
-1
2
-1.5
4. La integral
() = 1 2 2 + , si (0) = 0