Question Number 1

The attenuation coefficient is commonly measured in units of

a. nm
b. dB
c. dB/Km
d. dB/nm

Question Number 2

Which type of optical event might appear as a gainer?

a. Bend
b. Splice
c. Break
d. Crack

Question Number 3

What is an optical event?

a. The boundary between a fibers core and cladding

b. An irregularity or splice in the fiber
c. An ITU specification
d. A measurement of low refraction

Question Number 4

What information is displayed in the OTDRs Event Table?

a. Data on breaks and cracks, but not bends

b. Each events insertion losses and cumulative losses only
c. Each events position and loss, and the attenuation between events
d. Only a measurement of reflection at each event
Question Number 5

Which situation will most likely result in refraction of light?

a. Light diminishes in power

b. Light travels through an ideally uniform medium
c. Light passes from a fiber to an air gap at a connector
d. Light bounces off a smooth mirror

Question Number 6

Which characteristics would you want in an optical connector?

a. Low reflectivity and high attenuation

b. Low reflectance and low insertion loss
c. High insertion loss and low return loss
d. High insertion loss and low back scattering

Question Number 7

Before making measurements, it is important to note an optical fibers

a. Reflectivity
b. Rayleigh Scattering Index
c. Refractive Index and Attenuation Coefficient
d. All of the above

Question Number 8

Which type of fiber optic cable is used for long distances?

a. Single-mode
b. Multimode
c. Graded Index
d. All of the above
Question Number 9

The OTDRs graphical representation of the trace is a plot of

a. Relative power & time

b. Relative power & length.
c. Time & attenuation
d. Attenuation & reflectivity

Question Number 10

Which type of event is usually non-reflective and shows almost no loss?

a. A patch cord
b. A crack in the fiber
c. A modern fusion splice
d. A break in the fiber

Question Number 11

What does 0ptical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) do?

a. It tests backscatter in a single optical fiber or a link.

b. It measures losses, faults and distances between optical events
c. It detects splices in an optical fiber.
d. All of the above.

Question Number 12

Which statement is true of attenuation?

a. Attenuation is unrelated to Rayleigh scattering.

b. Attenuation is measured by speed over wavelength
c. Attenuation is the total insertion loss of the fiber.
d. Attenuation is the total loss of optical power in the fiber
Question Number 13

Why do you make measurements at multiple wavelengths?

a. Bends show higher losses at higher wavelengths

b. Reverses the direction of the trace
c. Maintains the original Event Table
d. Distinguishes between bends and splices

Question Number 14

Most fiber cables today are made of

a. Silicone
b. Silica
c. Copper
d. Horse hair

Question Number 15

What is an advantage of using a graded index fiber?

a. Its width reduces attenuation

b. Its width broadens pulses
c. It has a large attenuation coefficient
d. It has a small bandwidth

Question Number 16

What is the purpose of two way averaging?

a. Averaging eliminates noise.

b. Averaging shows the actual loss, when an apparent gainer occurs
c. Averaging takes into account breaks in the fiber.
d. Averaging eliminates patch-cord events
Question Number 17

What do the diameters of a fiber optic cable characterize?

a. Core and insulation

b. Core and buffer
c. Cladding and buffer
d. Core and cladding

Question Number 18

What is an optical fibers Refractive Index?

a. The number of photons refracted at the connector

b. The ratio of lights wavelength in a vacuum, to lights frequency in the fiber
c. The ratio of lights speed in a vacuum, to lights speed in the fiber
d. The same as its reflectivity index

Question Number 19

Which characteristics of an optical connector would increase loss of optical power?

a. Low return loss

b. Low insertion loss
c. High attenuation
d. All of the above

Question Number 20

A reflection of light within a fiber that returns to the OTDR is called

a. Backscattering.
b. Attenuation
c. The Refractive Index
d. Fiber Optics
Question Number 21

What important information can we get through backscatter measurements?

a. The quality of fiber optic links

b. The positions of splices
c. The optical length of a fiber
d. All of the above

Question Number 22

Which events cause reflection?

a. Connectors and fiber ends

b. Connectors and fusion splices
c. Fusion splices and bends
d. Fiber ends and bends

Question Number 23

What is the Event Table on an OTDR?

a. A table that graphically displays the linear change in an Event.

b. A series of abbreviated symbols that provide the user with information about a trace.
c. A table that displays additional information about all the events in a trace
d. The OTDR does not contain an Event Table.

Question Number 24

Why would you use the Fiber Break Locator function?

a. To determine the specific distance to a break in a fiber.

b. To determine if a fiber contains a reflective event that might normally be mistaken for a
break in the fiber.
c. To determine the reflectance of a fiber break.
d.. All of the above
Question Number 25

What are the changes in the fiber that cause the trace to deviate from a straight line?

a. Events
b. Fiber Deviations
c. Anomalies
d. Trace Patterns

Question Number 26

Events are categorized into what two categories?

a. Attenuating and Flat

b. Inclining and Reflexive
c. Reflective and Non-Reflective
d. Reflexive and Variant

Question Number 27

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a short pulse?

a. Less Noise
b. Smaller dynamic range
c. Gives best resolution
d. Typical trace values are 5ns, 10ns and 30 ns

Question Number 28

On the OTDR, incorrect setting for one of the following parameters affect the correct
distance measurement.

a. Range
b. Refractive index
c. Refractive Threshold
d. Scatter Coefficient
Question Number 29

What order does the Pass/Fail Test Table display events?

a. Lists Events in order of severity from most severe to least.

b. Lists Events alphabetically along the trace.
c. Lists Events in order of severity from least severe to most.
d. Lists Events by their types.

Question Number 30

The OTDR measures all of the following except

a. Distance to a Splice
b. Fiber Abnormalities
c. Direction of the Fiber
d. Location of a Break in the Fiber

Question Number 31

What does the term refraction mean?

a. When light travels through space and is affected by solar rays.
b. Bending of light beam when it travels through two materials with different densities
c. When light strikes a high-density material and rebound like a mirror
d. When light travels through a single density material it bounces back.

Question Number 32

Short Pulse width is used to

a. Shortens dead zone and separate close events
b. Increase the measuring Span
c. Decrease the losses on fibre.
d. To detect the far end events.
Question Number 33

Dead Zone is a point on the trace where

a. cable break is shown
b. Strong optical signal saturates the receiver and it takes some time to recover
c. Fusion splice is shown
d. Loss due to micro bending is shown

Question Number 34

Insertion loss is define as

a. Total loss of a fibre optic link

b. Loss due to micro bending
c. Loss of power due to insertion of connectors, splitters and couplers
d. Ratio of total reflective signal and originating signal.

Question Number 35

What are the names of the various parts of a fiber cable?

a.

b.

c.

d.

Question Number 36

What is the diameter of core and cladding of a single mode fibre optic cable?
Question Number 37

Write down the attenuation coefficent of a single mode fibre cable at 1550 nm

Question Number 35

Define the following event bar abbreviations