Beam Design

Beam #1: Type 1 Primary Beams

Figure 1 Showing Type 1 Primary Beams (highlighted) on typical floor layout

Modelled in STAAD Po V8i by Jonathan Hohenkirk on 27/06/2017

The member is designed to meet BS 5950 standards

The recommended design section is a Universal Beam: UB 254 x 146 x 37. The maximum shear and
bending moment values are taken from beams that were also recommended this section size.
Table 1 showing the maximum design values used for the member design. See Appendix for more information about design
values

Parameter Max Analysis Value Beam Number

Span 4.572 m 253&163
Max. Bending Moment (M) 74.914 KNm 253&163
Max Shear 83.839 KN 253&163
 Figure 2 The design parameter beam under its non-factored live load is used to check for deflection capacity.
Modelled in STAAD Po V8i by Jonathan Hohenkirk on 27/06/2017

Assumed Strength of Steel; Py = 275 N/mm2 OR 275,000 kN/m2

Modulus of elasticity; E = 205 000 N/mm2

Max Live Load Case = 2.858 KN/m

Deflection Check
*Assuming brittle finishes are attached to the beams

Deflection Limit = span/360

= 4.572 m /360

= 0.0127m OR 12.7mm

54
Deflection; = 384

2.858
5 436.94 4
0.0127 =
384 205 106
= 0.000006245 4
= 624.547 4

Suitable Section based on the computerized design: UB 254x146x37

where Ix = 5560cm4 which is adequate Table B2 (Arya, 2009)

 6
74.914 10
Design Plastic Modulus;
= 275 = 272.415 3
2

Sx of Beam > Design Sx

485cm3 > 272.415cm3; therefore Sx is satisfied

Strength Classification

According to Table 9 of BS 5950, assuming Grade S275 Steel is utilized, and the thickest element of the
shape is <16mm then design strength of steel (Py) is 275N/mm2

Flange Thickness (T) = 10.9mm which is > 16mm, then Py = 275N/mm2 as assumed and:
1
275 2
= ( ) =1

Section Classification

According to Table 11 of BS5950 the limiting width to thickness ratios for the beam is governed by:

b/T = 6.72 which is less than 9 = 9. Hence flange is plastic

d/t = 34.2 which is less than 80 = 80. Hence web is plastic
Therefore the section is Class 1, Plastic

Shear Strength
As d/t = 34.2 < 70, shear buckling need not be considered

= 0.6

= 0.6
275
= 0.6 6.4 256
2
= 270.336

, = 83.839K
. 6 = 162.2016
Fv < 0.6Pv therefore the beam has a low shear load and is adequately sized in webbing
Bending Moment
275
= = 485 103 3 = 133.375
2
Simply supported, therefore the following condition must be satisfied according to clause 4.2.5.1 of BS
5950:

1.2
275
= 1.2 435 10003 = 143.55
2
Therefore no deformation under serviceability loads and OK

Moment M due to imposed loading = 74.914 KNm

Extra moment due to self-weight:

2 37
= = 2 = 1.4 (4.572)2 = 1.083kNm
8

Total imposed moment Mt = 74.914 KNm + 1.083 KNm = 75.997 KNm

Mt < Mc = 133.375 kNm

Therefore the proposed section is suitable to resist the design bending moments.

Figure 3 The design properties for the UB254x146x37 section, generated by STAAD Pro V8i
Beam #2: Type 2 Primary Beams

Figure 4 Showing Type 2 Primary Beams (highlighted) on typical floor layout

Modelled in STAAD Po V8i by Jonathan Hohenkirk on 27/06/2017

The member is designed to meet BS 5950 standards

The recommended design section is a Universal Beam: UB 533 x 210 x 92. The maximum shear and
bending moment values are taken from beams that were also recommended this section size.
Table 2 showing the maximum design values used for the member design. See Appendix for more information about design
values

Parameter Max Analysis Value Beam Number

Span 8.84 m 6
Max. Bending Moment (M) 183 KNm 6
Max Shear 125.04 KN 6

Figure 5 The design parameter beam under its non-factored live load is used to check for deflection capacity.
Modelled in STAAD Po V8i by Jonathan Hohenkirk on 27/06/2017
Assumed Strength of Steel; Py = 275 N/mm2 OR 275,000 kN/m2

Modulus of elasticity; E = 205 000 N/mm2

Max Live Load Case = 2.858 KN/m

Deflection Check
*Assuming brittle finishes are attached to the beams

Deflection Limit = span/360

= 8.84 m /360

= 0.0246m OR 24.56mm

54
Deflection; = 384

2.858
5 6106.73 4
0.0246 =
384 205 106
= 0.000045063 4
= 4506.31 4

Suitable Section based on the computerized design: UB 533 x 210 x 92

where Ix = 55400cm4 which is adequate Table B2 (Arya, 2009)

 6
183 10
Design Plastic Modulus;
= 275 = 665.45 3
2

Sx of Beam > Design Sx

2370 cm3 > 665.45 cm3; therefore Sx is satisfied

Strength Classification

According to Table 9 of BS 5950, assuming Grade S275 Steel is utilized, and the thickest element of the
shape is <16mm then design strength of steel (Py) is 275N/mm2

Flange Thickness (T) = 15.6mm which is > 16mm, then Py = 275N/mm2 as assumed and:
1
275 2
= ( ) =1

Section Classification

According to Table 11 of BS5950 the limiting width to thickness ratios for the beam is governed by:

b/T = 6.71 which is less than 9 = 9. Hence flange is plastic

d/t = 46.7 which is less than 80 = 80. Hence web is plastic
Therefore the section is Class 1, Plastic

Shear Strength
As d/t = 46.7 < 70, shear buckling need not be considered

= 0.6

= 0.6
275
= 0.6 10.2 533.1
2
= 897.2073

, = 125.04 K
. 6 = 538.32
Fv < 0.6Pv therefore the beam has a low shear load and is adequately sized in webbing
Bending Moment
275
= = 2370 103 3 = 651.75
2
Simply supported, therefore the following condition must be satisfied according to clause 4.2.5.1 of BS
5950:

1.2
275
= 1.2 2080 10003 = 686.4
2
Therefore no deformation under serviceability loads and OK

Moment M due to imposed loading = 183 KNm

Extra moment due to self-weight:

2 92
= = 2 = 1.4 (8.84)2 = 10.065kNm
8

Total imposed moment Mt = 183 KNm + 10.065 KNm = 193.065 KNm

Mt < Mc = 651.75 kNm

Therefore the proposed section is suitable to resist the design bending moments

Figure 6 The design properties for the UB533x210x92 section, generated by STAAD Pro V8i
.
Beam #2: Secondary Beams

Figure 7 Showing Secondary Beams (highlighted) on typical floor layout

Modelled in STAAD Po V8i by Jonathan Hohenkirk on 27/06/2017

The member is designed to meet BS 5950 standards

The recommended design section is a Universal Beam: UB 406 x 178 x 74. The maximum shear and
bending moment values are taken from beams that were also recommended this section size.
Table 3 showing the maximum design values used for the member design. See Appendix for more information about design
values

Parameter Max Analysis Value Beam Number

Span 8.84 m 290
Max. Bending Moment (M) 103.86 KNm 290
Max Shear 76.67 KN 290

Figure 8 The design parameter beam under its non-factored live load is used to check for deflection capacity.
Modelled in STAAD Po V8i by Jonathan Hohenkirk on 27/06/2017
Assumed Strength of Steel; Py = 275 N/mm2 OR 275,000 kN/m2

Modulus of elasticity; E = 205 000 N/mm2

Max Live Load Case = 2.858 KN/m

Deflection Check
*Assuming brittle finishes are attached to the beams

Deflection Limit = span/360

= 8.84 m /360

= 0.0246m OR 24.56mm

54
Deflection; = 384

2.858
5 6106.73 4
0.0246 =
384 205 106
= 0.000045063 4
= 4506.31 4

Suitable Section based on the computerized design: UB 406 x 178 x 74

where Ix = 27300cm4 which is adequate Table B2 (Arya, 2009)

 6
103.86 10
Design Plastic Modulus;
= 275 = 377.67 3
2

Sx of Beam > Design Sx

1500 cm3 > 377.67 cm3; therefore Sx is satisfied

Strength Classification

According to Table 9 of BS 5950, assuming Grade S275 Steel is utilized, and the thickest element of the
shape is 16mm then design strength of steel (Py) is 275N/mm2

Flange Thickness (T) = 16mm which is = 16mm, then Py = 275N/mm2 as assumed and:
1
275 2
= ( ) =1

Section Classification

According to Table 11 of BS5950 the limiting width to thickness ratios for the beam is governed by:

b/T = 5.62 which is less than 9 = 9. Hence flange is plastic

d/t = 37.2 which is less than 80 = 80. Hence web is plastic
Therefore the section is Class 1, Plastic

Shear Strength
As d/t = 37.2 < 70, shear buckling need not be considered

= 0.6

= 0.6
275
= 0.6 9.7 412.8
2
= 660.69

, = 76.67 K
. 6 = 396.41
Fv < 0.6Pv therefore the beam has a low shear load and is adequately sized in webbing
Bending Moment
275
= = 1500 103 3 = 412.5
2
Simply supported, therefore the following condition must be satisfied according to clause 4.2.5.1 of BS
5950:

1.2
275
= 1.2 1320 10003 = 435.6
2
Therefore no deformation under serviceability loads and OK

Moment M due to imposed loading = 103.86 KNm

Extra moment due to self-weight:

2 74
= = 2 = 1.4 (8.84)2 = 8.1 kNm
8

Total imposed moment Mt = 103.86 KNm + 8.1 KNm = 111.96 KNm

Mt < Mc = 412.5 kNm

Therefore the proposed section is suitable to resist the design bending moments.

Figure 9 The design properties for the UB406x178x74 section, generated by STAAD Pro V8i