22 3 Vol .

22 2
2002 9 MINING AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING September 2002

, ,
( , 410083)

: pH =2 .
0, ,
97 %, 13 % 0.
84 % , 1.
76 t , ,
, , 95 %, 3.
6 % 0.
6%
: ;
;
;
;

Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Low-grade Zinc Oxide Ore A Study

LAN Zhuo-yue , HU Yue-hua , LI Wei-zhong
(Department of Mineral Engineering of Central South University , Changsha 410083 , Hunan , China)
Abstract :
Sulfuric acid leaching of low-grade zinc oxide ore is studied in this paper .
At pH of 2 .
0 leaching rate of above 97 %
can be achieved only by controlling addition of sulfaric acid(ie .dosage and rate).At the same time leaching rates of silico
and iron can be reduced to 13 % and 0 . 84 %or much less , respectively , and the consamption of sulfuric acid is 1 .
76 t per
ton zinc .Addition of thiobacillus ferrooxidans can enhance the reaching rate of zinc slightly and is favorable for iron precipita-
tion , which can reduce the content of iron in leach solution .Percolation leaching can achieve leaching rates of above 95 %Zn ,
3.
6 %Si and 0 .
6 %Fe , respectively .
low-grade zinc oxide ore ;sulfuric acid leaching ;leaching rate ;bacterial leaching ;percolation leaching
Key words:

, ,
25 % 35 %, 25 % ,
( , , ,
) , - , ,
- ,
, , , ,
, 30 %( 25 %) , ,
[ 1]

,
, , , 1
,
1.
1
, [ ZnCO3 ] [ Zn4 Si2O 7
[ 1 5]
,
( 2 H 2O] [ Zn2 SiO4] ,
OH)
SiO2 ,

, ,
:

ZnCO3 +H 2 SO 4 ZnSO4 +H 2O +CO2 (
1)
(
Vieille-Montagne)(Radina) ,
SiO2 Zn4Si2 O7(OH)2 H 2O +4H2 SO4 4ZnSO4 +

[ 6]
OH)4 +2H 2O
2Si( (
2)
, Zn2 SiO4 +2H 2SO4 2ZnSO4 +Si(
OH)4 (
3)

:2002-03-30
 64 22

, , , 0 .
84 % 13 % ,
, , pH =2 .
0 , ,
, SiO2 [ 2] 4 .
5 mol L
, SiO2 , 30 % 25 %,
1.
2 , ,
:
JB300 -D , 2 500 mL
, pHp -4 , , / 7 cm 50 cm 1 , 1 h
( PVC ) , , 0.
5 h
:
98 % 80 .
6 % 76 .
12 %, 1 h ,
: , 1 h ,
1 , pH =1 .
0 , 1 h
15 .4 % 16 . pH =2 .
08%; 0 ,
1 ( %) 12 .
4 % 13 %
Zn Fe CaO SiO2 Pb S
, ,
15 .
81 4.
67 1.
32 47 .
38 0.
09 0.
5
,
, pH =2 .
0 ,
,
1.
3
97 .
64 % , 1 t 1 .
76 t ,
:
1 mm , ()

5 , pH ,
2.
1.2
, pH
,
,
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans , T f)
(
:
2 kg , 5 mm ,
,
, pH <2 .
0 , [ 7]
Duncan T f ,
:
Zn Fe Si
150 mg (Lh)
2 , ,
[ 7, 8]
,
T f :
2.
1
ZnS +2O2 ZnSO4 (
4)
2.
1.1 0
ZnS +Fe2 (
SO4)3 ZnSO4 +2FeSO4 +S (
5)
, pH 1 2 , 2+ 3+

1 Fe Fe (
6)
2+
T f , ( Fe )
3+ 2+
(Fe ), Fe CO2 ,
2+
, Fe
5 6
10 10
T f
[ 9]
,
T f
T f
,
2+ 3+
1 Fe Fe
, T f , ,
, pH =1 ,
, 98 .5 %, pH 2 , 5 %,
2.
14 % 16 .
08 % pH =2 .
0 , , ,
97 .
64 %, 31 g L , , 2
2 :
65

2 3

2 ,
3
2 h , 2 h
, 98 .
5 % 97 % 1) , pH
1 . 5 , =2 .
0 , ,
97 %, Si , Fe
, 2 h 2) ,
2+
, , 2 h ;
Fe
6 3+
, 10 mL Fe , ,
2 , 0 . 85 %, 3) ,
0 . 7 % , ,
,
2+
, Fe 4)
3+ 3+
Fe , Fe , ,
X ,
[ H3OFe 3(
SO4)
2( 6 ] [ KFe3 (
OH) SO4 )
2(OH)6]
, ,
, ,
[ 1] , .
.
, 1998
,
(10):
31 34
2.
2
[ 2] Bodas M G .Hydrometallurgical treatment of zinc silicate ore from Thai-
, land .Hydrometallurgy, 1996, 40 :37 39
, , [ 3] Abdel-Aal E A .K ineti c of sulfuri c acid leaching of low-grade zinc si licate
, ore .Hydrometallurgy , 2000 , 55 :247 254

, , [ 4] Castro I M , etc.Bioleaching of zinc and nickel from silicates using A s-

pergillus Niger culture .Hydrometallurgy, 2000 , 57:
39 49
30 g L ,
[ 5] Youcai Zhao , Robert Standforth .Production of Zn powder by alkaline
pH <2.
0 8 d , 3 treatment of smithsonite Zn-Pb ores .Hydrometallurgy , 2000 , 56 :237
3 , , 249
8 d 95 .
3 %, [ 6] , , , . . :

, , .2001
[ 7] . . : , 1994
, 3 , ,
[ 8] Fowler T A , Crundwell F K .Leaching of Zinc Sulfide by Thiobacillus f er-
3 .
6 %, 0 . 6 %,
rooxidans :Bacterial Oxidation of the Sulfur Product Layer Increases the
, Rate of Zinc Sulf ide Dissolution at High Concentrat ions of Ferrous Ions .
, App EnvironM icro , 1999(12):5285 5292
, , [ 9] K uyucak N .Microorganisms, biotechnology and acid rock drainage
3+ emphasis on passive-biological control and treatment methods .Minerals &
pH , SiO2 Fe
Metallurgivcal Processing , 2000(17):
85 95
,