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BACHELOR OF LAWS
COURSE OUTLINE
UNIT NAME : SALE OF GOODS & AGENCY
UNIT CODE : BLW 2105
ACADEMIC YEAR : 2016
YEAR2 : SEMESTER 1
PERIOD : SEP DEC 2016
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Law as a discipline is not unique in its tendency to reflect the ideology of society at whatever place or
time. It permeates in all spheres of life, and the general commercial/business environment itself not being
an exception to the phenomena. Against this background, this course will endeavour to facilitate a clear
understanding of the principles of law regulating sale of goods and agency. Accordingly the students
will be required to comprehend and understand the concepts and principles that attend to the formations
of contracts of sale of goods and agency which are of fundamental significance to the efficient and lawful
carrying on of business and any meaningful commercial practice and in our every day-to-day life. The
student will be able to understand the various laws and principles, whether statutory or common law-
based, that govern the sale of goods and agency.
TEACHING/LEARNING METHODOLOGIES:
Interactive lectures, class discussions case studies, Team/Group work, presentations and assignments and
Excursions
CONTACT HOURS:
The subject lecturer will deliver a three-hour lecture per week for the entire term. Alternative
arrangements will be organized for any contact hours that are lost for whatever reasons.
COURSE EVALUATION:
The course will be evaluated as follows:
Continuous Assessment Tests 30%
Final Examination 70%
Total marks 100%
REQUIREMENTS:
The student should have passed the Law of Contract.
STATUTORY REFERENCES:
1. Sale of Goods Act, Chapter 31
2. Sale of Goods Act, 1873 (UK)
3. Sale of Goods Act, 1979 (UK)
4. Law of Contract Act, Chapter 23
5. Chattels Transfer Act, Chapter 28
6. Age of Majority Act, Chapter 33
7. Limitation of Actions Act, Chapter 23
RECOMMENDED TEXTS:
1. P.S. Atiyahet al,The Sale of Goods, (Harlow; Pearson Longman; 2005)
2. Gordon J. Borrie, Sourcebook of Commercial Law, (London; Butterworths; 1967)
3. J.K. Macleod and A.T. Hudson, Stevens &Borrie Mercantile Law (17th ed.), (London;
Butterworths; 1978)
4. J.K. Macleod, Sale and Hire Purchase, (London; Butterworths; 1971)
5. Dobson, Sale of Goods and Consumer Credit, (London; Sweet & Maxwell; 1989)
6. Fridman, Law of Agency (6thed.) (London; Butterworths; 1990)
7. A.G. Guest (ed.), Benjamins Sale of Goods, (London; Sweet & Maxwell; 1981)
8. Brian Ball and Frank Rose, Principles of Business Law (London; Sweet & Maxwell; 1979)
9. Aubrey L. Diamond, Diamonds Introduction to Hire-Purchase Law (2nded.) (London; Butterworths;
1971)
10. E.R. Hardy Ivamy, Casebook on Mercantile Law, (London; Butterworths; 1967)
11. Shawn Kopel, Guide to Business Law, (Oxford University Press; Cape Town; 2006)
12. Keith Abbot et al, Business Law (8TH ed.), Thomson Learning; London; 2007
13. Ewan Macintyre, Business Law (2nd ed.) (Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd.; 2005)
NB: The books in bold should be considered the leading texts in this area of law. The other books are
also important and there are other texts that are instructive in this area of law that are not necessarily
in this list or in the library. They generally bear the titles of commercial law or business law or
mercantile law. You may also look at local text books by K.I. Laibuta, Ashiq Hussein and J.J. Ogola
that will be instructive for grasping the basic concepts of sale of goods and agency. The cases and the
reading lists are not exhaustive and some cases are in the notes not necessarily in the lists in the
outline and students are encouraged to be overly diligent in their studies so as to understand the
various principles of law.
Auction sales
Readings/Cases:
o SOG Act, Section 58
o Dobson, Ch. 15
o Atiyah, pp. 36-39
o McManus v. Fortescue (1907) 2 KB 1
o Dennant v. Skinner & Cotton (1948) 2 KB 164
2. Types of goods
Readings/Cases:
o Atiyah, pp. 52 - 55
o Howell v. Gespland (1876) 1 QBD 258
o Re Wait (1972) 1 Ch 606
2. Unascertained goods
Readings/Cases:
o Atiyah, pp. 300 - 319
o Re Wait (1972) 1 Ch 606
o Singh v. Jeram, supra
o Shah v. Mohanlal,supra
c. Meaning of delivery
Readings/Cases:
o SOG Act, Sections 2(1) and 30 (3)
o Atiyah, pp. 104 - 106
o ChamsiBhamji v. Suleiman Bros 1 ZLR 221
d. Time of delivery
Readings/Cases:
o SOG Act, Sections 12 (1), (7) and 30 (2) and (4)
o Panesar v. Popat (1968) EA 17
o Utamchad v. FJ Hawkes & Co. Ltd (1955) EA 197
2. Personal remedies
a. Action for the price
Readings/Cases:
o SOG Act, Section 49
o Dobson, Ch. 12
o Atiyah, Ch. 23
o Devshi Shah v. Mohanlal, supra
o Omar Audalish v. Besse, supra
o Hansing& Co. v. Dharani, supra
o GhulamKadir v. British Overseas Engineering Corp. (1957) EA 131
o Atiyah, Ch. 27
o Pan Africa Trading Agency v. Chande Bros, supra
o Savjani v. Kenya Garage, supra
o Mathani v. Leyland 8 ZLR
o Guarantee Discount Co. Ltd v. Ward (1961) EA 285
o Hassan v. Hunt (1964) EA 201
6 STANDARD FORM CONTRACTS
Free on Board (FOB) Contracts
Cost Insurance Freight (CIF) Contracts
Free Alongside the Ship (FAS) Contracts
Ex-Ship Contracts
Ex-Works or Ex-Stores Contracts
PART 2: LAW OF AGENCY Lecture/discussion
DEFINITION/INTRODUCTION
6 Readings/Cases:
Week o Fridman, Ch. 1
10 o Farrel Lines v. Landing Co. (1957) EA 460
o Branwhite v. Worcester Works Finance Ltd (1968) 3 All ER 104
o Boardman v. Phillips (1967) 2 AC 46
o Lamb v. Goring (1932) 1 KB 710
o Grindell v. Bass (1920) 2 Ch.487
o Fridman Esablishing Agency (1968) 224
7 CREATION OF AGENCY Lecture/discussion
Week Express authority
10 Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 4
o Jacobs v. Morris (1902) 1 Ch. 816
o Conwall v. Raffik 10 KLR 78
o Re Wallace (1884) 14 QBD 886
o Chalmers & Guthrie Ltd v. WaljiBhamjee& Co 14 KLR 82
Implied authority
Readings/Cases:
o McConnell & McConnell v. Kimani (1967) EA 702
o Nanyuki General Stores v. Patterson 15 EACA 10
o Watteau v. Fenwick (1893) 1 QBD 346
o Emco Plastics International Ltd v. Freeberne (1971) EA 432
Customary authority
Readings/Cases:
o Symour v. Bridge (1885) 14 QBD 460
o Perry v. Barnett (1885) 15 QBD 388
o Scott v. Godfrey (1901) 2 QB 726
o Doutra v. Sanitary Stores Ltd (1957) EA 813
Agency by estoppel
Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 6
o Kapadia v. Laximdar (1964) EA 378
o Jerome v. Bentley & Co. (1952) 2 All ER 114
o Acharia Travel Agency v. Arua Syndicate (1966) EA 511
Agency of necessity
Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 7
o Nanyuki General Stores v. Patterson, supra
o Eastland v. Burchell (1878) 3 QBD 434
o Sachs v. Nicholas (1942) 2 KB 23
o Toprani v. Moss (1957) EA 408
8 CATEGORIES AND TYPES OF AGENTS Lecture/discussion
Week Categories of agents
11 Types of agents
9 DUTIES OF AN AGENT TO PRINCIPAL Lecture/discussion
Week Performance of transactions undertaken CAT 2 Take away
11 & 12 Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 8
o Bonsor v. Musicians Union (1955) 3 All ER 518
o Cohen v. Kittel (1889) 22 QBD
No conflict of interest
Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 8
o Harrods v. Lemon (1931) 2 KB 157
o Thorton Hall v. Wembley Electric (1947) 2 All ER 630
o Keppel v. Wheeler (1927) 1 KB 577
Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 8
o Callice Printers v. Barclays Bank (1935) 145 LT 51
o Kahlers v. Midland Bank (1949) 2 All ER 621
o Hedley Byrne v. Heller (1964) AC 465
o Allam& Co. Ltd v. Europa Poster Services Ltd (1968) All ER 826
Indemnity
Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 9
o Dalgety& Co. Ltd v. Cluer (1961) EA 178
o Price v. Kerschell (1957) EA 641
o Adams v. Morgan (1924) 1 KB 751
TERMINATION OF AGENCY
Readings/Cases:
o Fridman, Ch. 21 and 22
o Luxor v. Cooper (1941) AC 108
o Reed v. Anderson (1884) 13 QBD 779
o Adams v. Morgan (1924) 17 LT 258
11 REVISION Lecture/discussion
Week
14