DEFINITIONS AND SYMBOLS OF EQUIPMENT FOR ESTABLISHING A PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

EQUIPMENT DEFINITION SCHEMATIC

/PROCESS
NAME
Divider A splitter is used to divide the flowrate
(Splitter) in a certain stream into two or more
streams with different flow rates

Mixer Two or more stream enter and blend

(Blender) into each other to give one exit stream

Dryer (Direct Drying is a mass transfer process

Heating) resulting in the removal of moisture
by evaporation

Filter Filtration is a technique to used either

to remove impurities from liquid or to
isolate solid from fluid
Distillation Distillation is a method of separating
Column chemical substances based on
difference in their volatilities

Multi-effect The process of evaporation is used in

evaporator the different branches of industry for
food or chemicals processes, in which
the concentration of the solution is
required. Theoretically, multi-effect
evaporator, allow decreased
consumption of energy for a
centration almost proportionally equal
to the effects (evaporator)

Dehumidifier It is a device that reduces the level of

humidity in air or a gas stream.

Humidifier It is a device that increases the

amount of moisture in indoor air or
stream of air.
Leaching and Leaching is the removal of materials
Extraction from solids by dissolving them. The
process is commonly called extraction
as well.

Absorber In gas absorption, a soluble

(Stripper) component is absorbed by contact
with liquid phase in which the
component is soluble. An absorber is
also called a scrubber. In a stripping
tower (stripper) the component are
transferred from liquid to gas

Partial A partial condenser partially

condenser condenses a vapor stream

Flash Flash separator splits a liquid feed into

separator vapor
Crystallizer Crystallizer is used to achieve liquid
and solid separation. Solids are
produced in the liquid by a change in
temperature and removed in the filter
following the crystallizer.

Reactor A chemical reactor carries out chemical

reaction that converts molecular
species in the input to a different
molecular species in the output.

Batch reactor This reactor operations in batch mode

(no continuous inlet and outlet). The
key features are unsteady-state
operation and spatial uniformity of
concentration and temperature.

Plug Flow The key characteristics of a PFR are

Reactor (PFR) steady state operation, variation pf
Packed Bed concentration and temperature on
Reactor space, no mixing along the reactor but
(PBR) complete mixing in the radial direction
of the reactor; PBR is suitable for fast
reactions and mainly used for gas-
phase reactions with difficult
temperature control, and no moving
parts
Continuously CSTR where inlet and outlet streams
Stirred Tank are continuously fed and removed,
Reactor respectively. Fluidized bed reactors are
(CSTR) sometimes treated as stirred tank
Fluidized Bed reactors.
Reactor The key characteristics of a CSTR are
steady-state operation, good mixing
leading to spatially uniform
concentration and temperature, and
the condition of the outlet stream
being the same as the condition in the
reactor