ZnO - Zinc Oxide

KCl - Potassium Chloride

CaO - Calcium Oxide
MgO - Magnesium Oxide
Ba(NO3)2 - Barium Nitrate
CHEMICAL
COMPOUND
 IONIC
COMPOUND
COVALENT
COMPOUND
Calcium Oxide
Calcium Oxide, chemical compound, CaO, a colorless, cubic crystalline or white amorphous
substance. It is also called lime, quicklime, or caustic lime, but commercial lime often contains
impurities, e.g., silica, iron, alumina, and magnesia. It is prepared by heating calcium
carbonate (e.g., limestone ) in a special lime kiln to about 500C to 600C, decomposing it into
the oxide and carbon dioxide. Calcium oxide is widely used in industry, e.g., in making
porcelain and glass in purifying sugar in preparing bleaching powder , calcium carbide, and
calcium cyanamide in water softeners and in mortars and cements. In agriculture it is used for
treating acidic soils ( liming ). It is incandescent when heated to high temperatures the
Drummond light, or limelight, provides a brilliant white light by heating a cylinder of lime
with the flame of an oxyhydrogen torch. Calcium oxide is a basic anhydride, reacting with
water to form calcium hydroxide during the reaction (slaking) much heat is given off and the
solid nearly doubles its volume.
JOSEPH BLACK (1728- 99)

1757 Edinburgh

Different quantities of heat are required to bring equal weights of different materials to the same
temperature

This definition relates to the concept of specific heat.

JOSEPH BLACK

Through meticulous experimentation and measurement of results he discovered the concept of latent
heat, the ability of matter to absorb heat without necessarily changing in temperature.
True in the transformation of ice into water at 0degrees C, the same principle applies in the process of
transforming water to steam and indeed, all solids to liquids and all liquids to gases.
Through this work Black made the important distinction between heat and temperature.

JAMES WATT benefited from these discoveries during his development of the condensing steam
engine.

Compounds such as lime (CaO, calcium oxide) were prepared by the Romans in the first
century under the name calx. ... He did this by the electrolysis of a mixture of lime and
mercuric oxide (HgO).

Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnO. ZnO is a white
powder that is insoluble in water, and it is widely used as an additive in
numerous materials and products including rubbers, plastics, ceramics,
glass, cement, lubricants,[5] paints, ointments, adhesives, sealants,
pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, and first-aid tapes.
Although it occurs naturally as the mineral zincite, most zinc oxide is
produced synthetically.
Formula: ZnO
Molar mass: 81.408 g/mol
Melting point: 1,975 C
Density: 5.61 g/cm
Boiling point: 2,360 C
PubChem CID: 14806