10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D

PSS1.1:(Almost)aDozenDiagrams

LearningGoal:
TopracticeProblemSolvingStrategy1.1forconstructingmotiondiagrams.

Acaristravelingwithconstantvelocityalongahighway.Thedrivernoticesheislateforworksohestompsdownonthegas
pedalandthecarbeginstoaccelerate.Thecarhasjustachieveddoubleitsinitialvelocitywhenthedriverspotsapoliceman
behindhimandappliesthebrakes.Thecarthendecelerates,comingtorestatastoplightahead.

Inthisproblem,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionsrelatedtoconstructionofamotiondiagramforthissituationandafew
others.

MODEL:Representthemovingobjectasaparticle.Makesimplifyingassumptionswheninterpretingtheproblemstatement.

VISUALIZE:Acompletemotiondiagramconsistsof:

Thepositionoftheobjectineachframeofthefilm,shownasadot.Usefiveorsixdotstomakethemotionclear
butwithoutovercrowdingthepicture.Morecomplexmotionsmayneedmoredots.
Theaveragevelocityvectors,foundbyconnectingeachdotinthemotiondiagramtothenextwithavectorarrow.
Thereisonevelocityvectorlinkingeachsetoftwopositiondots.Labeltherowofvelocityvectorsv .
Theaverageaccelerationvectors,foundusingTacticsBox1.3.Thereisoneaccelerationvectorlinkingeachsetof
twovelocityvectors.Eachaccelerationvectorisdrawnatthedotbetweenthetwovelocityvectorsitlinks.Use0to
indicateapointatwhichtheaccelerationiszero.Labeltherowofaccelerationvectorsa.

Model
Itisappropriatetousetheparticlemodelforthecar.Youshouldalsomakesomesimplifyingassumptions.

PartA
Whichofthefollowingsimplifyingassumptionsisitreasonabletomakeinthisproblem?
Checkallthatapply.
ANSWER:

Duringeachofthethreedifferentstagesofitsmotion,thecarismovingwithconstant(possiblyzero)
acceleration.

Duringeachofthethreedifferentstagesofitsmotion,thecarismovingwithconstant(possiblyzero)velocity.

Thehighwayisstraight(i.e.,therearenocurves).

Thehighwayislevel(i.e.,therearenohillsorvalleys).

Correct

Visualize
Nowdrawamotiondiagram,includingalltheelementslistedintheproblemsolvingstrategy.Useyourdiagramtoanswerthe
followingquestions.

Ininterpretingthediagramsthatfollow,assumethatthecarismovinginastraightlinetotheright.

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D
Refertothissetofmotiondiagramsinansweringthefollowing.

PartB
Whichofthediagramsbestdescribesthepositionandthevelocityofthecarbeforethedrivernoticesheislate?
ANSWER:

Correct

PartC
Whichofthediagramsbestdescribesthepositionandthevelocityofthecarafterthedriverhitsthegas,butbeforehe
noticesthepoliceman?
ANSWER:

Correct

PartD
Whichofthediagramsbestdescribesthepositionandthevelocityofthecarafterthedrivernoticesthepoliceman?
ANSWER:

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D

Correct

PartE
Whichofthesediagramsmostaccuratelydepictstheacceleration
ofthecarduringtheeventsdescribedintheproblem
introduction?

Assumethatthecarisinitiallymovingtotheright.

ANSWER:

Correct

Nowlet'suseourresultsforthecarandapplythemtosomeotherproblems.Considerthesethreesituations:

Atrainhasitsbrakesreleasedandpullsoutofthestation,slowlypickingupspeed.
Asledisgivenaquickpushalongahorizontalsurfacethesledcomestoastopaftercoveringsomedistance.
Amotorcycleismovingalongastraighthighwayat105km/h(thelegalspeedlimitinmanystates).

PartF
Ofthethreesituationsdescribed,whichobjectcorrespondstothepositionandvelocitydiagramshownhere?

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D

ANSWER:

thetrain

thesled

themotorcycle

Correct
Notethatthediagramshownisnotacompletemotiondiagramitlacksthevectorrepresentingtheaccelerationofthe
object.

PartG
Ofthethreesituationsdescribed,whichobjectcorrespondstothemotiondiagramshownhere?

ANSWER:

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D

thetrain

thesled

themotorcycle

Correct

Letusnowconsideranotherscenario.Acarandatruckaremovingatthesamevelocityalongastraighthighway.Bothdrivers
applythebrakesatthesamemoment.Thecarandtruckbothcometoastop.Thecartakeslesstimetostopthanthetruck.

Refertothemotiondiagramsshownhereinansweringthefollowing.

Assumethatbothcarsaremovingtotheright.

PartH
Whichofthethreediagramsshownbestdescribesthemotionofthecarandtruckafterthebrakeshavebeenapplied?
ANSWER:

Correct

PartI
Diagram(B)isincorrectbecause,accordingtoit:
ANSWER:

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D

Thecarandtruckmoveindifferentdirections.

Thecarismovingatconstantvelocity.

Thetruckisspeedingup.

Thecarandthetruckhavethesameacceleration.

Correct

PartJ
Diagram(C)isincorrectbecause,accordingtoit:
ANSWER:

Thecarandtruckmoveindifferentdirections.

Thecarismovingatconstantvelocity.

Thetruckisspeedingup.

Thecarandthetruckhavethesameacceleration.

Correct

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