MC LC

Chng II: Thng nhn v cc Cty thng mi ..................................................................................................................................... 2

1. Thng nhn .................................................................................................................................................................................. 2

2. Cc cty thng mi ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4

2.1. Trn th gii .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.2. Vit Nam............................................................................................................................................................................ 5

Chng III: Hp ng thng mi......................................................................................................................................................... 11

1. Tng quan .................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

2. Phn loi (3) ................................................................................................................................................................................. 13

** HD Mua bn hng ha ................................................................................................................................................................. 13

**HD Cung ng dch v................................................................................................................................................................... 16

**HD Mua bn hng ha qua S giao dch....................................................................................................................................... 17

Chng IV. HDMBHHQT .................................................................................................................................................................... 17

I. KHI QUT CHUNG ................................................................................................................................................................. 17

1. Khi nim ............................................................................................................................................................................... 17

2. c im................................................................................................................................................................................. 17

II. NGUN LUT IU CHNH.................................................................................................................................................... 18

1. iu c quc t v thng mi ............................................................................................................................................. 18

2. Lut quc gia .......................................................................................................................................................................... 18

3. Tp qun thng mi quc t .................................................................................................................................................. 18

4. Hp ng mu ........................................................................................................................................................................ 19

5. n l ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 19

III. XUNG T PHP LUT (khng thi) ...................................................................................................................................... 19

IV. K KT HP NG ................................................................................................................................................................ 19

1. iu kin hiu lc ca HDMBQT........................................................................................................................................... 19

2. Trnh t giao kt hp ng ...................................................................................................................................................... 21

V. NHNG IU KHON CH YU ........................................................................................................................................... 23

VI. CHP HNH HMBHHQT ..................................................................................................................................................... 23

1. Nguyn tc chp hnh ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

2. Trch nhim do vi phm hp ng (Lin quan n tnh hung thi cui k) ............................................................................ 23

2.1. Cn c cu thnh trch nhim: ............................................................................................................................................. 23

2.2. Ch ti x pht ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24

3. Cng ch thi hnh ch ti trong HDMBHHQT ..................................................................................................................... 31

4. Trch nhim NCC vi hng ha .............................................................................................................................................. 31

4.1. Phm vi trch nhim: ........................................................................................................................................................... 31

4.2. Gii hn trch nhim bi thng ca NCC .......................................................................................................................... 32

4.3. Min trch ............................................................................................................................................................................ 32

Chng V: Mt s vn Php l v H CC HH XNK ng bin ..................................................................................................... 32

VII. HP NG THU TU CH ................................................................................................................................................ 32

1. Khi nim ............................................................................................................................................................................... 32

2. Ngun lut iu chnh ............................................................................................................................................................. 32

3. Ngha v, trch nhim ............................................................................................................................................................. 32

3.trch nhim ca ncc i vs hh .................................................................................................................................................. 33

VIII. HP NG THU TU CHUYN ....................................................................................................................................... 33

1. Khi nim ............................................................................................................................................................................... 33

2. Lut iu chnh ....................................................................................................................................................................... 33

3. m phn ............................................................................................................................................................................... 33

4. Ngha v cc bn .................................................................................................................................................................... 33

4.1. NCC..................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

4.2. Ngi thu chuyn ch ........................................................................................................................................................ 33

5. Tu hy b hnh trnh v ngha v cc bn ............................................................................................................................. 33

5.2. K hy b hnh trnh .......................................................................................................................................................... 33

5.3. Ngha v cc bn khi tu b hy b hnh trnh ..................................................................................................................... 33

5.4. Hu qu................................................................................................................................................................................ 33

1
 PHP LUT TRONG HOT NG KTN
Ging vin: Thy Xun Thy
Ngi thc hin: Mai Hng K53 KTN Thng 10/2017

Chng II: Thng nhn v cc Cty thng mi

1. Thng nhn

** Cc h thng php lut:

Common: Anh, M, .. n l China Law, vn bn quy phm PL; kh
Civil: tiu biu Php c, php in ging ca VN
ha, vn bn quy phm PL Indian Law, vn bn quy phm PL
Islamic Law: 30 quc gia; l h thng pl XHCN, vn bn quy phm PL
ngoi phng ty quan trng nht hin Chu Phi
nay
** Khc bit lut VN v Civil: hnh thc ging, khc phng hng. Tinh thn bo v khc
nhau: VN ch trng s hu ton dn; Php ch trng s hu t nhn
Thng nhn l ng thc hin cc hnh vi TM v coi cc hvi TM nh ngh
Php
nghip thng xuyn ca mnh
Thng nhn thc hin nhng nghip v vs hh v chng loi nht nh or thc hin
nhng nghip v bng cch khc no v xt v tnh cht nghip v ca minh h
M
dc coi l c kin thc v kinh nghim c bit trong nhng nghip v hoc i vs
nhng hng ha l i tng ca h thng mi
Thng nhn l nhng ngi nhn danh chnh mnh tham gia cc giao dch TM
nh mt nh kinh doanh.
Nht
Nht nhn mnh yu t nhn danh ai. Theo gim c cty TNHH th k phi thng
nhn. Cty ms l thng nhn.
iu 17-LTM 1997: Thng nhn ** T chc chnh tr: ng, mt trn
gm cc nhm: c nhn, php nhn, t Ctri xh: hi thanh nin, ph n,
hp tc, h gia nh
X hi- ngh nghip: trng, hc vin
iu 6 khon 1 LTM 2005: gm cc (mang tnh o to v mn u join c)
nhm: t chc kinh t, c nhn
X hi: any hi tham gia vs mc ch
2005 rng hn 1997 DN t nhn. x hi n thun
Kinh t: c thnh lp nhm mc ch
kte
T chc kinh t mi l thng
nhn. Suy ra HNT , hi ch thp
, on thanh nin. KHNG
Vit
phi thng nhn.
Nam
Qui ch THNG NHN: ** Hp tc x v h gia nh k phi php
nhn, k phi c nhn nhng vn l t
Quy ch php l: cc q v v quyn
chc kinh t.
v ngha v ca thng nhn c php
lut tha nhn (t do kinh doanh, t {trc y ch h i din cho h g
do cnh tranh, t do hp ng..) thc hin cc giao dch. Tr nhng
giao dch ln, ch cn ch h mun l
Quy ch v thu: ch thu dnh lm. By gi k c c ch ch h thay
cho thng nhn; mt h na m trn c s y quyn cho
Quy ch x hi: k vo s thng mi nhau: Mun bn tivi th phi l ch h
(k thng nhn) c cc TV trong gia nh y quyn.
Do hin nay k c t cch h gia
nh/ hp tc x m thay vo tt c
2
 c nhn y quyn cho mt c nhn
giao dch}
** Ngoi l: cc c nhn hot ng TM
thng xuyn nhng k phi kkd: bn
rong, bn do, bn vt, bn qu vt,
bun chuyn (k k cng k b thu
thu)
** Vn phng i din, chi nhnh, cty con c th l thng nhn (t nhn danh mnh)
trong cc giao dch TM hay k?
Thng nhn phi gn vs hnh vi TM: sinh li
Thc hin cc hnh vi thng mi c lp, thng xuyn, nhn danh mnh (ph
thuc: thu chi, k kt h phi thng qua m), coi l ngh nghip ca mnh.
Ngh khc vi vic lm: u ging nhau ch to thu nhp
Khc: Vic lm cha to ra k nng ngh nghip. Ngh nghip to ra
k nng ngh nghip ring c
** iu kin tr thnh thng nhn:
C nhn Php nhn
k con ngi: k con ngi:
Nng lc thng thng l nng lc khin con Nlplds & nlhvds ca php nhn pht sinh v
ng tham gia c cc quan h thng thng: chm dt ng thi # vs c nhn th nng lc
gm nng lc php lut dn s v nng lc hnh vi dn s ph thuc vo tui v kh
hnh vi dn s. nng nhn thc v iu khin hnh vi.

+ Nng lc php lut dn s l php lut + Nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn:
giao cho. K cho k c quyn. (cc quyn l KH NNG C cc quyn, ngha v dn
nhn thn c trong hin php) s ph hp mc ch ca mnh.
C t khi sinh ra n khi cht i C t khi thnh lp n khi chm
hoc coi nh cht (mt tch v dt php nhn.
c cng nhn mt tch) Mi hot ng ca php nhn c
K b hn ch v bt k gii hn thc hin thng qua hnh vi c
no, nh nhau vs mi ngi. Ch nhn l ngi i din.
PL c quyn hn ch quyn. + Nng lc hnh vi dn s ca php nhn th
tng trng hp b hn ch s quy hin qua hnh vi NGI I DIN thc hin
nh c th. hoc qua hnh vi ca nhn vin, ngi c giao
+ Nng lc hnh vi dn s ca c nhn l nhim v c th ca php nhn..
KH NNG xc lp, thc hin quyn/
ngha v dn s ca c nhn. (d17-lds)
Ngi thnh nin (>18t) c y
nlhvds tr cc trng hp mt/
hn ch nlhvds (tm
thn,.nghin ngp (d19+ 22,23-
lds))
6-di 18 th ngoi tr gd tm
thng, phi c ngi i din
theo pl cho php
15- di 18 c TI SN ring
thc hin ngha v th k cn c
cho php (d20-lds)
Di 6t K C nlhvds. Giao dch
dn s do ngi i din xc lp,
thc hin.
iu kin ngh nghip: iu kin ngh nghip:
+ Chng ch, bng cp.. do PL quy nh: ng (BLDS 2015) iu 74. Php nhn (k chia cc
k kinh doanh, bng cp chng ch ngnh loi php nhn nh 100 lds 2005)
3
 ngh (chng nhn vs thc phm, bng dc s, C c cu t chc: phi c c quan iu
bng lut,).; hnh, quyn & ngha v quy nh trong
+hot ng c lp thng xuyn iu l or quyt nh thnh lp.
C ti sn c lp vi c nhn, php nhn
khc v t chu trch nhim bng ti sn
ca mnh;
Nhn danh mnh joinquan h PL mt cch
c lp.
**Ung ru + k H:
Ung ru m cht ngi: nng lc hnh vi phi do mnh t bo v. phi t kim sot
ung say hay k say. Vn c ung cho say tc k t kim sot.
Mng du m cht ngi: k c ng c, cht vo thi gian in hnh trung bnh, c tin s
bnh mng du + k lm ch c hnh vi, k c trch nhim (thy coi nh b thn kinh)
Ngi in gy thit hi => ng i din bi thng

2. Cc cty thng mi

2.1. Trn th gii

Cty Hp danh Giao vn TNHH C phn
L cty thng mi L cty m hi vin L cty c hi vin
L cty thng mi
Kh c thnh lp bi 2 chu trch nhim l c ng gp vn
do cc TV hp
nim loi hi vin: hvqt hu hn trn phn vo cty bng c
danh li vs nhau.
v hv gp vn. vn gp phn
c nhn, t chc.
Thg l cc c nhn
b gii hn s
(not php nhn) gm TV qun tr c nhn, t chc
TV lng max, bao
quen bit, s lng & TV gp vn (c ng)
nhiu ty lut ph
t (>=2);
Ty or VN
TV qun tr: v
V hn & lin i hn v lin i.
CTN Nu k cn g tr TV gp vn: hu Hu hn Hu hn
th sao? C b ) hn, phm vi vn
gp
t b PL rng buc

Khng c t do
chuyn nhng
vn gp tr khi tt
c hi vin agree.

Chuyn nhng
danh: Nu 1 ngi
Hi vin qun tr Nhn giy chng
cht th cty c cht Vn ln, d dng
gp bng ti sn, nhn sau gp
theo k C chuyn nhng
Vn & uy tn, kinh vn
theo n v l c
Chuyn DANH khng
nghim, danh K chuyn phiu
nhng ting. nhng v k
chuyn nhng c chia thnh
Hi vin gp vn pht hnh c
c. cc c phn.
ch gp ti sn. phiu
(Do quyn nhn
thn k th chuyn
di)
(ti sao loi ny
vn thg t nhng
ng ta vn yn tm
k: ch cn bit
nh n c tin hay
4
 k)
Hp ng (Xc
nh ai gp bao
nhiu? Quyn &
C s *c s hnh thnh ngha v, n chia
hnh u tin l nim li nhun.) iu l Cty iu l Cty
thnh tin. {Nu c thm TV
li phi lm li
H mi =>khng
tt cho s n nh
Hi vin qun tr l i HC >
C cu ng qun l v ng HQT > BG >
t chc i din BKS
C nhiu nc k
coi l php nhn
Mt s qg k coi l
(slide)
php nhn (Thy
T cch Sch ni l tt c
S, c)
php cc qg tha nhn C C
Loi hnh ny VN
nhn l php nhn
c coi l php nhn
(tr30) (thy ni k
k?
hp l v k tch
bch ti sn)
2 loi :
Giao vn gin
n (s tv giao
Phn C bn loi hp
vn t)
loi danh?
Giao vn c
phn (s tv giao
vn nhiu)

2.2. Vit Nam

** Th no l DN: Khon 7 iu 4: t chc c tn ring, ti sn, tr s giao dch, k
thnh lp theo quy nh ca PL nhm mc ch KD
T chc: l nhm ngi c phn chia chc nng nhim v, quyn hn pht huy hiu
qu kt theo quy m t mc tiu
Tn ring: tn v tn ring quy nh trong 38. Tn ring k c trung
Ti sn: cc TV ng gp. L c s chu trch nhim.
Tr s gd: ni thc hin cc h kinh doanh.
(treo bin cty ma: cn b thu trong 1-2 tun u s n a ch xem treo bin cha
treo bin k mt tin thu vn phng)
** T cch php nhn: iu 74 BLDS
K tr thnh php nhn:
C c cu t chc: phi c c quan iu hnh, quyn & ngha v quy nh trong
iu l hoc quyt nh thnh lp.
C ti sn c lp vi c nhn, php nhn khc v t chu trch nhim bng ti
sn ca mnh;
Nhn danh mnh tham gia quan h php lut mt cch c lp.
Tiu
DN T nhn Cty c phn: Cty TNHH Cty Hp danh DN Nh nc
ch
iu 183 187 iu 110 - iu 47 - 87 iu 172 - 182 iu 88 - 109
Khi
Doanh nghip 171 DN trong DN, trong DN nh
nim:
t nhn l DN c vn TV chu trch TV cng nhau nc l DN do

5
 doanh nghip iu l c nhim hu hn kinh doanh Nh nc nm
do mt c nhn chia thnh v mi hot di mt tn gi 100% vn
lm ch nhiu phn ng v ngha chung Ngoi iu l.
bng nhau. v ti chnh. TV hp danh, Ging TNHH
cty c th c 1 TV
thm TV gp
vn;
iu 183. iu 110. iu 47. iu 172. iu 110.
V hn Hu hn: Hu hn: V hn + hu Hu hn:
(n c i, Trong phm vi Trong phm vi hn: Trong phm
Ch bng ton b vn gp vn gp. vi vn iu l
ti sn ca TV hp danh
Cty k tr ht th
phi l c nhn:
trch mnh tr xong tuyn b ph
th thi. Tr V hn
nhim sn, creditor t
(ging n lc cht chu l (n
) cho ht n. k kh i).
c tuyn b TV gp vn:
=> creditor s Hu hn
ph sn)
cty sng
tr n, k i tt
c.
iu 23. iu iu 22. iu 21. iu Vn iu l
l cty. iu l cty. l cty. C quan i
C s
php ** C s TN din ch s
l theo Hp ng hu quyt
(ging : H hp tc nh t chc
) kd, hp tc x. qun l DN
NN di hnh
thc TNHH
** Khng c iu 48: Vn gp TNHH Ging Cty Ging Cty
quyn gp vn + Vn iu l: Chc chn phi TNHH TNHH
thnh lp hoc c khi thnh lp DN. ** B sung: iu 74
mua c phn,
Tng gi tr ti sn = gp + Cn b l cng
phn vn gp
cam kt gp. chc thm chc Vn iu l
trong cng ty
+ Vn Php nh: Ch ngnh v 100% Nh
hp danh,
TNHH hay C ngh theo quy nh PL mi cn, Vin chc: gio nc
phn. vn ti thiu phi c khi thnh vin c hp
lp DN. Cc ngnh c ri ro ng bin ch -
cao, c nh hng ln n XH. H khng xc
=> Vn php nh c ngha nh thi hn
m bo, l mt loi iu kin. (ch kp hp
+ Ti sn gp vn: 35 ng thnh
Vn ging or hp
+ nh gi ti sn gp vn: 37
ng ma v
** nh gi theo nguyn tc ngn hn)
nht tr (100%) hoc dng t
Trng Cng
chc nh gi c lp + c a s
an x l cng
TV chp nhn (>50%)
chc
+ Vn quy v t l phn trm
=> A l GV
HNT c 100
triu nhn ri:
+ K c
thnh lp/qun
l
+ c gp
vn

6
 iu 111. Vn cty c phn
+ Vn iu l = tng gi tr mnh gi c phn bn = c quyn
cho bn+ thanh ton
c phn c quyn cho bn: do i hi ng c ng quyt
nh
c phn cha bn: c quyn cho bn nhng cha c
thanh ton.
+ Vn chia thnh cc phn bng nhau
+ Cc loi vn khc nhau do c cc loi c phn khc nhau:
* C phn ph thng: Chc chn phi c trong cty.
Quyn ca c ng ph thng: 114.
Vt cht: Nhn c tc, u tin mua (nu iu l cho php
chuyn nhng quyn u tin mua => C th mua bn), Khi cty
gii th hoc ph sn, c nhn mt phn ti sn cn li tng
ng vi t l s hu c phn ti cty.
Tinh thn: Tham d v pht biu, u tin mua, t do chuyn
nhng c phn, Xem xt, tra cu, trch lc hoc sao chp iu
l cty, bin bn hp i hi ng c ng v cc ngh quyt ca
i hi ng c ng.
Ngha v ca c ng ph thng: 115.
Chu trch nhim v cc khon n v ngha v ti sn khc ca
DN trong phm vi s vn gp, nm trong vn gp ri, k
cn lm g thm.
* C phn u i:
u i biu quyt: 116
u: c phn c s phiu biu quyt nhiu hn. 1 c phiu ph
thng tng ng 1 phiu biu quyt, 1 c phiu u i tng ng
nhiu hn 1 phiu biu quyt, do iu l quy nh.
Nhc:Khng chuyn nhng c
Thi hn 3 nm, sau 3 nm s tr thnh c phiu ph thng.
C ng sng lp v t chc y quyn chnh ph mi c nm
gi.
* u i c tc: 117
u: c tr c tc vi mc cao hn. Gm c tc c nh
(khng ph thuc vo kqkd l vn c) v c tc thng (li s
c).
Nhc: Khng c quyn biu quyt, d hp i hi ng c
ng, c ngi vo Hi ng qun tr v Ban kim sot.
* u i hon li: 118
u: C phn c cty hon li vn gp theo yu cu ca ngi
s hu hoc theo cc iu kin c ghi ti c phiu ca c phn
u i hon li.
Nhc: Khng c quyn biu quyt, d hp i hi ng c
ng, c ngi vo Hi ng qun tr v Ban kim sot.
iu 48 (TNHH) v iu 112 (CP)
Ging: 90 ngy, k t ngy c cp Giy chng nhn ng k
doanh nghip
Thi
im Lc nh gi ti sn, cty cha ra i; ch gp vn cho cng ty sau
gp khi c cp giy chng nhn k doanh nghip (within 90 ngy) .
vn K gp trc (tc k gp cho c nhn). Gp vn l gp cho cty: kho,
k ton, c ch k ca ngi i din theo PL ca cty trn giy
chng nhn.
** C 2 loi ti sn:
7
 + Khng ng k quyn s hu: ch cn thc t giao cho cty, nhn
gcn vn gp/c phn
+ Phi k quyn s hu: quyn sd t, t, xe my,
Phi chuyn quyn s hu cho cty ri ms nhn c giy chng nhn
vn gp.
Khc: C giy chng Khng c thi
phiu c th nhn vn gp, hn 90 ngy
mua bn mang tnh cht m theo cam
chuyn nhn thn k kt
nhng v mua bn
tha k. chuyn
Nu k thanh nhng c,
ton phn no chuyn
th k c coi l nhng l
s hu phn phn vn gp.
v HQT c
php bn phn

iu 53: T do TV hp C, mt phn
3 anh em A,B,C. D l bn ca C danh khng hoc ton b
c vn iu l.
A 400 B 300
chuyn Nu rt di
C 200 D 100
hnh thc khc
Lut cho php D rt nhng ch TV gp vn th phi lin
khi D khng ng vi c i chu trch
+ D mun chuyn nhng. chuyn, nhim v cc
A,B,C mun chim dng vn ging khon n v
nn k mua li ca D TNHH ngha v ti
+ D mun chuyn cho E ngi sn khc ca
Chuy ngoi: Nu cc TV trong cty k cty.
n mua trong thi hn 30 ngy k t Ch s hu
nh ngy cho bn th c chuyn Cty c quyn
ng cho ngi ngoi. Nn cho bng Quyt nh
vn vn bn. bn ti sn c
gp E ch mun tr 95 triu gi tr bng
+ D quay li cho 3 TV kia vi hoc ln hn
tng gi 95 triu. A,B,C k ng 50% tng gi
tr ti sn
c ghi trong
+ D li cho E. sau th no BCTC gn
th tri bit. nht ca cty
hoc mt t l
hoc gi tr
khc nh hn
quy nh ti
iu l cty;
Pht hnh c Tng: tng K quy nh Quyt nh
phiu mi TV, tng vn iu
(tng t ngi Gim: bt TV l ca cty;
Tng
mi mua trong or khi k gp chuyn
gim
TNHH) vn trong thi nhng mt
vn
hn 90 ngy or phn hoc
iu
khi rt bt vn ton b vn
l
gp iu l ca cty
cho t chc,
c nhn khc;

8
 1 nm 1 ln, Phn chia LN:
Phn hp chia li Khi no: ch chia khi c li v
chia nhun (ging) m bo c mi khon n v
li ngha v ti chnh n hn.
nhun Mc chia: Theo t l vn gp
: tr khi iu l cty quy nh
khc
Ch DNTN i HDCD TNHH: Tp th ra q or c nhn ra q
ton quyn *Hp i Hp danh v DNNN ging TNHH 2 TV tr ln
quyt nh v HDCD:
n chia.
Thi im: K3 4 loi cty TNHH:
C th thu 114
ngi khc Mt TV c nhn:
Bt thng: th trng ra q
qun l, iu
Hi ng qun Ch tch > G/TG > BKS
hnh nhng
tr vi phm
vn phi chu
nghim trng Mt TV t chc c 1 ng y quyn:
trch nhim v
quyn ca c ngi c quyn quyt nh cao nht l t chc
mi hot ng
ng, ngha v .
kinh doanh ca
ca ngi qun Ch tch HDTV > GD/TGD>BKS
doanh nghip.
l hoc ra Mt TV t chc c nhiu ngi y quyn
quyt nh vt
qu thm Cc cty c tch ra thnh cty con, vd b phn
quyn c XNK ca Samsung tch thnh 1 cty XNK
giao; => cn c mt ng qun l, s lm quyn
Thng xuyn: => c t 2 ngi tr ln, thnh 1 hi ng TV
Nhim k ca => t chc ra q
Hi ng qun => Nh trn
tr vt qu 2 TV tr ln
06 thng m
Hi ng qun HTV (c CT) >G/TG>BKS
tr mi cha Ban kim sot ng di HTV, do HTV to
C
c bu thay ra kim sot G v cc phng ban di
cu t
th;
chc Bo co hng nm c 2 ci, 1 ci ca BGDv 1
Trng hp ci ca BKS
khc theo quy
Hp HTV:
nh ca iu
Ngi triu tp hp: CT HTV
l cty.
{TV yu cu ch tch, nu ch tch k triu tp th
Mc ch: TV hoc nhm TV c th t triu tp, v gi
Ai triu tp giy triu tp n cc TV khc}
cuc hp:
Thnh phn Nu k phi cc i tng trn triu tp th cuc
c tham d: hp k hp php, 59
TV c quyn
d hp v biu T l hp: >= 65% vn iu l
quyt. Ln 2 phi c thc hin trong thi hn 15
ngy, k t ngy d nh hp ln th nht.
Hn ch s
T l hop >= 50% vn iu l
lng ra sao:
Ln 3: thi hn 10 ngy t ngy d nh hp ln
Nu k i hp 2 min c ngi i hp.
c ai hp thay
c k: ( 60 khon 3 :
K hp: Trong TH iu l k quy nh th:
Quyt nh Cc vn thng thng: biu quyt >=65% TV
bng hnh thc d hp
g: Cc vn c bit: >=75% TV d hp
> HDQT (c t => Nu trong cty c TV nm >=36% th s k ai
3 11 TV, c cch chc n c =))
9
 nhn, c quyn => Nn c iu l quy nh phng nhng
nh nhau, ra thng .
quyt nh trn Ch c quy nh thp hn 2 t l trn (65%,
nguyn tc b 75%) v nu cao hn th C li hn cho bn
phiu, nu 50 nhiu vn.
50 th theo
kin bn Ch ** 11 TV tr ln l phi c ban kim sot theo
tch HDQT, d55
c i
HDCD bu ra)
> GD/TGD
> Ban Kim
sot (do i
HDCD bu, chi
phi hot ng
ca HDQT v
GD/TGD. K
thnh lp: T
11 TV tr ln)
C nhn, do
iu l ca cty
i quy nh. Ch tch Cty
din Ch tch Tt c TV hp
theo HDQT Nu l 2 ngi danh
hoc Ch tch
th chc chn HDTV
PL
l G/TG &
CT HTV
Quy
n Khng
pht Khng C ** c pht hnh Khng Khng
hnh tri phiu
CK

TCPN Khng C C C C

1 50
** Nu c 1
TV cht:
=> s b hy
gcn vn gp,
v c gcn vn
gp mi cho
con (ngi
tha k), mc
S nhin thnh Khng gii Khng gii
lng 1 Khng gii hn ngi tha k hn hn
TV ca cng ty.
Nu ng
khng cho
con m cho
ngi tha k
khc (bn,
chu ni
ngoi) th phi
c kin ca
cty.

10
 Chng III: Hp ng thng mi

1. Tng quan

** Hp ng

Lut DS 2015: Hp ng l s tha thun gia cc bn v vic xc lp, thay i hoc

chm dt quyn, ngha v dn s.\

Bn cht: S tha thun

Ch th: Cc bn

Ni dung: Quyn v ngha v.

Lut DS Php:

Bn cht: S tha thun

Ch th: 2 hay nhiu bn

Khch th: Vt, hnh vi, bt c vi.

Quy nh v vt: 110 BLDS 2015

Khng hnh ng mang li li ch cho ngi khc: im lng

** Hot ng thng mi

3 LTM 2005: Hot ng thng mi l hot ng nhm mc ch sinh li, bao gm

mua bn hng ho, cung ng dch v, u t, xc tin thng mi v cc hot ng
nhm mc ch sinh li khc.

Sinh li l sinh ra li nhun hoc li ch kinh t khc

** c im Hp ng thng mi

A. Ch th: Thng nhn, Nh nc.

+ Thng nhn: C nhn, t chc, php nhn

+ Nh nc: Ch th c bit c min tr t php (min b khi kin +

min thi hnh n)

B. Mc ch: Sinh li

C. Ngun lut iu chnh: trc tip, c lin quan, chuyn ngnh, BLDS

LUT THNG MI:

iu 1. Phm vi iu chnh

1. Hot ng thng mi thc hin trn lnh th nc Cng ho x hi ch

ngha Vit Nam.

2. Hot ng thng mi thc hin ngoi lnh th nc Cng ho x hi ch

ngha Vit Nam trong trng hp cc bn tho thun chn p dng Lut ny hoc lut
nc ngoi, iu c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l thnh vin
c quy nh p dng Lut ny.

3. Hot ng khng nhm mc ch sinh li ca mt bn trong giao dch vi

thng nhn thc hin trn lnh th nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam trong
11
trng hp bn thc hin hot ng khng nhm mc ch sinh li chn p dng
Lut ny.

iu 4: Quy tc p dng c th > Thng mi > Dn s

*** iu 4 c nh gi c k tin b.

Khon 1: Nu ra vai tr ngang nhau ca cc b lut trong hp

ng qua t v.

Khon 2: Nu th t u tin lut c th trc.

Khon 3: Lut c s cui cng l BLDS.

*** Thc t khi tm v c th th tm cc Vn bn hng dn

D. Ni dung:

Bao gm cc iu khon cu thnh ni dung H

+ iu khon ch yu

+ iu khon ty nghi

E. Hnh thc: 27 LTM 2005

F. 6 nguyn tc c bn trong hot ng thng mi

iu 10. Nguyn tc bnh ng trc php lut ca thng nhn trong hot
ng thng mi

Mi thnh phn kinh t: t nhn. THNN, NN, C phn,

iu 11. Nguyn tc t do, t nguyn tho thun trong hot ng thng mi

T do: tha thun mi k, giao kt hp ng, hnh thc v i tc ca hp

ng.

iu 12. **(Quan trng nht) Nguyn tc p dng thi quen trong hot ng
thng mi c thit lp gia cc bn

Tr trng hp c tho thun khc, cc bn c coi l mc nhin p dng

thi quen trong hot ng thng mi c thit lp gia cc bn m cc bn
bit hoc phi bit nhng khng c tri vi quy nh ca php lut.

Cn c gi l nguyn tc mc nhin.

iu 13. **(Quan trng nht) Nguyn tc p dng tp qun trong hot ng

thng mi

Trng hp php lut khng c quy nh, cc bn khng c tho thun v

khng c thi quen c thit lp gia cc bn th p dng tp qun thng mi
nhng khng c tri vi nhng nguyn tc quy nh trong Lut ny v trong B
lut Dn s.

iu 14. Nguyn tc bo v li ch chnh ng ca ngi tiu dng

iu 15. Nguyn tc tha nhn gi tr php l ca thng ip d liu trong

hot ng thng mi

12
2. Phn loi (3)

** HD Mua bn hng ha

Mua bn hng ha:

3.2: ng sn + Bt ng sn

3.8: Mua bn hng ha l hot ng thng mi, theo bn bn c ngha

v giao hng, chuyn quyn s hu hng ha cho bn mua v nhn thanh ton; bn
mua c ngha v thanh ton cho bn bn, nhn hng v quyn s hu hng ho theo
tha thun.

HDMBHH: S tha thun gia ngi mua v ngi bn trong bn bn

c ngha v giao hng, chuyn quyn s hu hng ha cho bn mua v
nhn thanh ton; bn mua c ngha v thanh ton cho bn bn, nhn hng
v quyn s hu hng ho theo tha thun.

+ i tng: HH c t do lu thng

+ Hnh thc: Li ni, vn bn, hnh vi

+ Ni dung: K ch yu

+ Quyn v ngha v cc bn:

* Ngi bn:
1. Giao hng & a im giao hng: v mt nguyn tc ng hng, ng
v chng t, ng a im.
BTVN: Theo PLVN v CU Vin nu cc bn khng quy nh a im giao
hng th bn no phi chu chi ph giao hng v a im giao hng l u?

+ Chi ph giao hng: 442 BLDS 2015

iu 442. Chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn

s hu
1. Chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu do
cc bn tha thun, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc.

2. Trng hp cc bn khng c tho thun hoc tha thun khng r rng

th chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu
c xc nh theo chi ph c cng b, quy nh ca c quan c thm
quyn hoc theo tiu chun ngnh ngh.

3. Trng hp khng c cn c xc nh theo quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2

iu ny th chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s
hu c xc nh theo tiu chun thng thng hoc theo tiu chun ring
ph hp vi mc ch giao kt hp ng.

4. Trng hp cc bn khng c tho thun v php lut khng quy nh v

chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu th bn
bn phi chu chi ph vn chuyn n a im giao ti sn v chi ph lin
quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu.
=> BLDS bo v quyn li cho bn mua, ngi bn phi giao hng v
chu chi ph giao hng.

+ a im giao hng: Khon 2 35 LTM 2005

CU Vin 31

13
2. Trng hp khng c tho thun v a im giao hng th a im giao
hng c xc nh nh sau:

a) Trng hp hng ho l vt gn lin vi t ai th bn bn phi giao

hng ti ni c hng ho ;

b) Trng hp trong hp ng c quy nh v vn chuyn hng ho th bn

bn c ngha v giao hng cho ngi vn chuyn u tin;

c) Trng hp trong hp ng khng c quy nh v vn chuyn hng ho,

nu vo thi im giao kt hp ng, cc bn bit c a im kho cha
hng, a im xp hng hoc ni sn xut, ch to hng ho th bn bn
phi giao hng ti a im ;

d) Trong cc trng hp khc, bn bn phi giao hng ti a im kinh

doanh ca bn bn, nu khng c a im kinh doanh th phi giao hng ti
ni c tr ca bn bn c xc nh ti thi im giao kt hp ng mua
bn.

Ni giao hng thng gn lin vi bn bn nn chi ph pht sinh t sau

khi giao hnafg, chi ph vn chuyn s do ngi mua chu. => LTM 2005
bo v ngi bn

2. Cht lng hng ha: Theo quy nh trong HD

BTVN: Nu HD khng quy nh cht lng hng giao th xc nh ntn theo

PL VN v CU Vin?

Cht lng giao hng: 39 LTM 2005

Khon 3 432 BLDS 2015

CU Vin 35

iu 39. Hng ho khng ph hp vi hp ng

1. Trng hp hp ng khng c quy nh c th th hng ho c coi l
khng ph hp vi hp ng khi hng ho thuc mt trong cc trng hp
sau y:
a) Khng ph hp vi mc ch s dng thng thng ca cc hng
ho cng chng loi;
b) Khng ph hp vi bt k mc ch c th no m bn mua cho
bn bn bit hoc bn bn phi bit vo thi im giao kt hp ng;
c) Khng bo m cht lng nh cht lng ca mu hng ho m
bn bn giao cho bn mua;
d) Khng c bo qun, ng gi theo cch thc thng thng i
vi loi hng ho hoc khng theo cch thc thch hp bo
qun hng ho trong trng hp khng c cch thc bo qun thng
thng.
2. Bn mua c quyn t chi nhn hng nu hng ho khng ph hp vi hp
ng theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

iu 432. Cht lng ca ti sn mua bn

1. Cht lng ca ti sn mua bn do cc bn tho thun.

2. Trng hp tiu chun v cht lng ca ti sn c cng b hoc
c c quan nh nc c thm quyn quy nh th tha thun ca cc bn v
cht lng ca ti sn khng c thp hn cht lng ca ti sn c xc
nh theo tiu chun cng b hoc theo quy nh ca c quan nh nc c
thm quyn.

14
3. Khi cc bn khng c tho thun hoc tha thun khng r rng v cht
lng ti sn mua bn th cht lng ca ti sn mua bn c xc nh theo
tiu chun v cht lng ca ti sn c cng b, quy nh ca c quan
nh nc c thm quyn hoc theo tiu chun ngnh ngh.

Trng hp khng c tiu chun v cht lng ca ti sn c cng b,

quy nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn v tiu chun ngnh ngh th
cht lng ca ti sn mua bn c xc nh theo tiu chun thng thng
hoc theo tiu chun ring ph hp vi mc ch giao kt hp ng v theo
quy nh ca Lut bo v quyn li ngi tiu dng.
3. Kim tra hng ha trc khi giao hng

BTVN: y l quyn hay ngha v ca ngi bn theo?

Kim tra hng ha trc khi giao hng:

44 LTM 2005 - l quyn ca bn mua nhng bn bn m bo vic

thc hin c quyn cho bn mua. Vic ny bn bn nn lm trc khi giao
hng.

38 CU Vin

iu 44. Kim tra hng ho trc khi giao hng

1. Trng hp cc bn c tho thun bn mua hoc i din ca bn mua

tin hnh kim tra hng ho trc khi giao hng th bn bn phi bo m
cho bn mua hoc i din ca bn mua c iu kin tin hnh vic kim tra.

2. Tr trng hp c tha thun khc, bn mua hoc i din ca bn mua

trong trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny phi kim tra hng ha trong
mt thi gian ngn nht m hon cnh thc t cho php; trng hp hp
ng c quy nh v vic vn chuyn hng ha th vic kim tra hng ho c
th c hon li cho ti khi hng ho c chuyn ti a im n.

3. Trng hp bn mua hoc i din ca bn mua khng thc hin vic kim
tra hng ha trc khi giao hng theo tha thun th bn bn c quyn giao
hng theo hp ng.

4. Bn bn khng phi chu trch nhim v nhng khim khuyt ca hng ho

m bn mua hoc i din ca bn mua bit hoc phi bit nhng khng
thng bo cho bn bn trong thi hn hp l sau khi kim tra hng ho.

5. Bn bn phi chu trch nhim v nhng khim khuyt ca hng ho m

bn mua hoc i din ca bn mua kim tra nu cc khim khuyt ca
hng ho khng th pht hin c trong qu trnh kim tra bng bin php
thng thng v bn bn bit hoc phi bit v cc khim khuyt nhng
khng thng bo cho bn mua.
4. Bo m quyn SHTT vi hng ha
BTVN: Bn mua phi chu trch nhim khi no?

Quyn SHTT: Khon 2 46:

iu 46. Ngha v bo m quyn s hu tr tu i vi hng ho

1. Bn bn khng c bn hng ha vi phm quyn s hu tr tu. Bn

bn phi chu trch nhim trong trng hp c tranh chp lin quan n
quyn s hu tr tu i vi hng ha bn.

2. Trng hp bn mua yu cu bn bn phi tun theo bn v k thut,

thit k, cng thc hoc nhng s liu chi tit do bn mua cung cp th

15
 bn mua phi chu trch nhim v cc khiu ni lin quan n nhng vi
phm quyn s hu tr tu pht sinh t vic bn bn tun th nhng
yu cu ca bn mua.
* Ngi mua:
1. Thanh ton tin mua hng
BTVN: K ntn th c ngng thanh ton tin mua hng?

51 LTM 2005

iu 51. Vic ngng thanh ton tin mua hng

Tr trng hp c tho thun khc, vic ngng thanh ton tin mua hng
c quy nh nh sau:

1. Bn mua c bng chng v vic bn bn la di th c quyn tm

ngng vic thanh ton;

2. Bn mua c bng chng v vic hng ha ang l i tng b tranh

chp th c quyn tm ngng thanh ton cho n khi vic tranh chp
c gii quyt;

3. Bn mua c bng chng v vic bn bn giao hng khng ph hp

vi hp ng th c quyn tm ngng thanh ton cho n khi bn bn
khc phc s khng ph hp ;

4. Trng hp tm ngng thanh ton theo quy nh ti khon 2 v khon

3 iu ny m bng chng do bn mua a ra khng xc thc, gy thit
hi cho bn bn th bn mua phi bi thng thit hi v chu cc ch
ti khc theo quy nh ca Lut ny.

**HD Cung ng dch v

Khon 9 3 LTM 2005:

Cung ng dch v l hot ng thng mi, theo mt bn (sau y gi l

bn cung ng dch v) c ngha v thc hin dch v cho mt bn khc v
nhn thanh ton; bn s dng dch v (sau y gi l khch hng) c ngha v
thanh ton cho bn cung ng dch v v s dng dch v theo tha thun.

+ Bn cht: Hng ha y l dch v, v hnh.

Phn
Hng ha Dch v
bit

Hnh
Hu hnh V hnh
thc

Theo sn Theo kt qu cng vic: 79 LTM

phm
[v d: gi u, vn chuyn, ]
Ngha v
ca bn Theo n lc v kh nng cao nht: 80 LTM [v d: ct
cung ng tc =))), ]

Hy quy nh dch v cng c th chi tit bao nhiu

cng tt by nhiu

Thanh ton Thanh ton tin

Ngha v
tin
bn nhn
Thin ch, hp tc
cung ng
Thin ch, hp
16
 tc

**HD Mua bn hng ha qua S giao dch

Xut hin hnh thc H quyn chn, H k hn

Chng IV. HDMBHHQT

I. KHI QUT CHUNG

1. Khi nim
+ Hng ha (chng III)

+ HMBHH (chng III)

+ Quc t: c yu t nc ngoi

* Cng c Lahaye 1964:

Ch th k kt l cc bn c tr s thng mi cc nc khc nhau

HH l i tng ca H c chuyn hoc s c chuyn t nc
ny sang nc khc
Cho hng v chp nhn cho hng c th c lp cc nc khc
nhau.

* Cng c Vin 1980: cc bn k kt hp ng c tr s thng mi cc

nc khc nhau

* LTM 2005, Vit Nam: NK, XK, Tm nhp Ti xut, Tm xut Ti nhp.
Bn cht dng s di chuyn ca hng ha.

Tm nhp ti xut: Dt may, linh kin in t, da giy

Tm xut ti nhp: sa cha my mc nc ngoi, khi mang hng ha i

gii thiu nc ngoi,

2. c im.
BTVN

- H song v l g?, h c bi hon l g?, hp ng c hn l g?

BLDS 402

Hp ng song v l hp ng m mi bn u c ngha v i vi nhau;

Hp ng n v: cho tng

Bi hon: c s trao i gia cc bn. Di gc lut l s bi hon tng xng

gia cc gi tr

- Cc bn thng c tr s thng mi t cc nc khc nhau, c t.hp no l tr

s thng mi t cng 1 nc k?

C, nu tr s thng mi t KCX.

- Hng ho c th c chuyn qua bin gii, c t.hp no k c chuyn qua ?

17
C , so vi khu ch xut

- ng tin dng thanh ton c th l ngoi t i vi mt trong 2 bn, c TH no

ng tin ny l ng tin ni t vs c 2 bn

C.

II. NGUN LUT IU CHNH

1. iu c quc t v thng mi
** iu c quc t

+ DUQT Chung nguyn tc: Mi quan h gia cc quc gia (V d: hip nh

song phng,)

+ DUQT Ring c th chuyn bit: (V d: Hamburg, Brussel, )

** TH p dng:

+ c mc nhin s dng khi cc QG k kt DUQT

+ Phi tha thun khi khng phi l thnh vin k kt DUQT

DUQT c phi l 1 b phn ca php lut quc gia khng? TH Php v Vit
Nam tranh chp, dn chiu php lut Php, ton n Php chn CU Vin c khng?
(T tm hiu)

2. Lut quc gia

** TH p dng:

+ DUQT tha nhn

+ Tha thun v quy nh trong hp ng

+ Tha thun sau khi k kt

+ C quan c thm quyn t chn lut p dng

+ Tha thun mc nhin hoc tha thun bng hnh vi (khi 1 bn la chn
lut p dng v bn kia p li cng s dng lut )

** Cch p dng:

Lut chuyn bit > Thng mi > Dn s

3. Tp qun thng mi quc t

** Khi nim:

+ Thi quen ph bin c nhiu nc p dng

+ Thi quen duy nht v tng vn

+ Thi quen c ni dung c th

** TH p dng:

+ Cc bn tha thun trong HD

+ Quy nh trong DUQT c lin quan

18
 + Cc bn khng tha thun, DUQT v Lut quc gia c dn chiu khng
quy nh hoc quy nh khng y

C tc dng b sung gii thch.

C th sa cho ph hp k hp ng.
Phi kt hp vi 1 ngun lut khc, khng p dng ring l.

4. Hp ng mu

5. n l
<><><> Khi xy ra tranh chp, th t xem xt: Hp ng > iu c quc t (mang
tnh cht ring)> Lut quc gia (dn chiu lut ca 1 trong 2 bn hoc c quan gii
quyt tranh chp) <><><>

III. XUNG T PHP LUT (khng thi)

1. Xung t php lut v hnh thc hp ng

2. Xung t php lut v ni dung

3. Xung t php lut v a v php l

4. Xung t php lut v thm quyn php l

(t c)

IV. K KT HP NG

1. iu kin hiu lc ca HDMBQT

** Ch th k kt HD phi hp php

+ C t cch php l

+ Ngi trc tip thc hin giao dch c thm quyn k kt

K vt thm quyn th ..?.. chu trch nhim

iu 143. Hu qu ca giao dch dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin

vt qu phm vi i din
1. Giao dch dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin vt qu phm vi i
din khng lm pht sinh quyn, ngha v ca ngi c i din i vi phn
giao dch c thc hin vt qu phm vi i din, tr mt trong cc TH sau
y:
a) Ngi c i din ng ;
b) Ngi c i din bit m khng phn i trong mt thi hn hp l;
c) Ngi c i din c li dn n vic ngi giao dch khng bit
hoc khng th bit v vic ngi xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s vi
mnh vt qu phm vi i din.
2. TH giao dch dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin vt qu phm vi i
din khng lm pht sinh quyn, ngha v ca ngi c i din i vi phn
giao dch c xc lp, thc hin vt qu phm vi i din th ngi i din
phi thc hin ngha v i vi ngi giao dch vi mnh v phn giao dch
vt qu phm vi i din, tr TH ngi giao dch bit hoc phi bit v vic
vt qu phm vi i din m vn giao dch.
3. Ngi giao dch vi ngi i din c quyn n phng chm dt thc
hin hoc hu b giao dch dn s i vi phn vt qu phm vi i din hoc
ton b giao dch dn s v yu cu bi thng thit hi, tr TH ngi bit
hoc phi bit v vic vt qu phm vi i din m vn giao dch hoc TH quy
nh ti im a khon 1 iu ny.

19
 4. TH ngi i din v ngi giao dch vi ngi i din c xc lp, thc
hin giao dch dn s vt qu phm vi i din m gy thit hi cho ngi c
i din th phi chu trch nhim lin i bi thng thit hi.

V d: A y quyn 1 t cho C k vi B. C k 1.5 t

1. A khng ng , C phi chu trch nhim 500tr nu gy hu qu (gi s l 1.5
t)
2. A khng ng , B bit, B v C lin i chu trch nhim.
3. B khng bit do C ngy to hoc lm B tng nhm v gias tr c y quyn,
C phi chu trch nhim
Trong hp ng cn quy nh cc thng tin: H tn, CMND, a ch, DKKD (c
th l 3 m: M s thu, dkkd, m s XNK), sdt v email thng bo v lu tr
bng chng trao i.
Nu l php nhn: H tn, CMND, a ch, DKKD,mail, sdt, ngi i din theo
php lut (phi ghi r i din theo g do trong PL c quy nh c 2 loi i
din: i din theo PL, i din theo y quyn)

Kim tra tnh trng doanh nghip: tra MST hoc DKKD trn cng tra cu thng
tin doanh nghip quc gia.

i khi iu l Cng ty quy nh tr gi HD phi ly kin ca HDQT th d

ngi a din theo PL k tht nhng vn v hiu nu HDQT cha ng .

** Hnh thc k kt HD phi hp php

+ Phn k: Ch k + Du

(nu c y quyn k phi c giy y quyn i km, quy nh r bn y

quyn v c y quyn, time, ni dung, phm vi qu quyn)

+ Vn bn thng: th hin ch 1 bn, khng c nhiu quy nh v hnh

thc, 1 bn th hin chp nhn bng cm nm gi vn bn . V d: V xe,
v xem phim,

+ Vn bn c bit: c nhiu hn cc yu cu v hnh thc nh ch k, du,

xc nhn thm quyn ca c quan nh nc,

+ Tng ng vn bn: Email, fax, telex, (3 khon 15 Lut TM)

+ Hnh thc ca HD l iu kin hiu lc nu PL c quy nh

** Ni dung v mc ch k kt HD phi hp php

+ V nguyn tc chung khng tri PL v o c x hi.

+ i tng ca HD khng b cm kinh doanh:

ND 187/2003 quy nh v XNK, mua bn HHQT

+ Ni dung phi c cc k ch yu

Theo CU Vin phi c my k ch yu? (Thi GK s hi)

** HD phi k kt trn c s t nguyn, khng nhm ln, la di, e da.

Nhm ln, la di, e da th HD c v hiu hay khng, xem trong BLDS 2015.

Nhm ln:

V d: HD gi tr 50tr gia A v B lc say ru, khi tnh pht hin nhm 1 s thnh
500tr. Khng v hiu v li ca chnh B khi k hp ng k c k.
20
# say ru m li xe git ng th b ti do trc khi say bit mnh li xe m vn ung
say.

V d 2: A xut khu hoa hi cho B vi k cnh bi 5%. Khi kim tra trc khi giao
l 4% , bn A giao cho B, B kim tra li t l l 8%. Tuy nhin do bn A hiu cnh
bi l cnh v vn ra, B hiu cnh bi l cnh ri ra.

Nn thm iu khon 1: Gii thch thut ng

La di:

1 s QG k c coi l nhm ln. A v hu m tri nui g, mua 100 qu trng ca

B. Nui 100 con 3 thng cha thy . Php bo v ng tiu dng, B l ng nui g
chuyn nghip hn A, B khng thng bo cho A khin A b thit hi nn B phi chu
trch nhim.

e da:

A B k HD xy dng 100tr. B bo nu k k ln 200tr th trong l hng ti chng ti s

k lm vi ng na.

e da v thn th: tnh mng sc khe ca bn thn v gia nh.

Mang dao sang th k phi e da do phi d vo c mi l e da.

Chng minh c s e da rt kh.

2. Trnh t giao kt hp ng
i) Giao kt trc tip

HD s c hiu lc khi bn cui cng k vo HD hoc theo thi hn m cc bn

tha thun trong HD khi cc bn trc tip gp g nhau

ii) Giao kt gin tip

Thng qua 1 phng thc no : Fax, tele, mail,

Theo cc nc quy nh: C 1 cho hng v 1 chp nhn cho hng => Giao kt
hp ng.

Th hin:

Cho hng:
o Lut DS VN quy nh l ngh giao kt hp ng, phi c cc k:
o Phi c cc iu khon ch yu ca 1 hp ng
o Phi c thi hn hiu lc nht nh: xc nh hoc khong thi gian hoc
thi hn hp l (do c quan th 3 xc nh da theo loi hng ha,
phng thc vn chuyn)
o Phi c gi ti ng c ngh v ngi ngh khng thu hi hoc hy
ngh.
o B cho hng t do v cho hng c nh, thay bng cho hng v li mi
cho hng
o C c php rt v hy cho hng hay khng theo PL VN v CU
Vin? (Thi GK)
o V d:
A cho hng 100 i giy trong vng 7 ngy. B tr li ly trong vng 9
ngy, C trong vng 5 ngy, D trong vng 3 ngy.Nu A k c giy cho D
v C v cho D trc th C c quyn i bi thng do khi C chp nhn
cho hng th A b rng buc v mc php l.

21
 Ngay khi c n v fnene thu hi cc cho hng khc
Cch khc: ghi 1 dng nh, cho hng ny cn c xc lp li
bng 1 hp ng chnh thc.
Chp nhn cho hng:
o Trong thi hn HD:
o Cch tr li:
Khng: K c HD
ng :
Ton b: Theo PL VN v CU Vin c HD
C sa i: iu 392. Sa i ngh do bn c ngh xut
Khi bn c ngh chp nhn giao kt hp ng nhng c nu
iu kin hoc sa i ngh th coi nh ngi ny a ra
ngh mi.
Theo CU Vin: iu 19:

1. Mt s phc p c khuynh hng chp nhn cho hng nhng c

cha ng nhng im b sung, bt i hay cc sa i khc th c
coi l t chi cho hng v cu thnh mt hon gi

Thay i c bn th khng c HD, b sung khc th c HD.

Im lng: Ty, v nguyn tc l t chi tr 1 s QG coi l thi quen v tp
qun gia cc bn. VN im lng l g???

iu 393. Chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng

1. Chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng l s tr li ca bn c

ngh v vic chp nhn ton b ni dung ca ngh.

2. S im lng ca bn c ngh khng c coi l chp nhn

ngh giao kt hp ng, tr TH c tha thun hoc theo thi quen
c xc lp gia cc bn.

iu 18:

1. Mt li tuyn b hay mt hnh vi khc ca ngi c cho hng

biu l s ng vi cho hng cu thnh chp nhn cho hng. S
im lng hoc bt hp tc v khng mc nhin c gi tr mt s chp
nhn.

Thc hnh: Ngy 22/4/2000, Cng ty Petrolex VN gi cho Cng ty IPI Php mt cho
hng c nh bn du th vi 6 iu khon ch yu, trong ngh giao hng vo
thng 6 7 8 /2000. Cho hng c hiu lc n 16h30 ngy 17/05/2000, ngy ny li
ri vo ch nht. n 16h30 ngy 16/5 do bit hm sau l ngy ch nht nn Petrolex
tho sn in tn bo cho IPI bit thi hn chp nhn ht nhng do b phn ph
trch telex ngh nn bc in c gi i vo ngy 18/5. Vo 23:18 ngy 16/5 IPI
gi cho petrolex mt bc in vi ni dung Chng ti chp nhn ngh ngy
22/4/2000 ca qu cng ty v vic giao hng vo thng 678/2000 v chng ti s quay
tr li vn ny vi chng trnh bc rt c th. Petrolex cho rng chp nhn vo
m th 7 l chm v gia 2 bn cha c hp ng, do vy ko giao hng. IPI th cho
rng th chp nhn n trc 1 ngy nn HDD c hnh thnh, h m L/C
nhng petrolexx khng giao hng, IPI i hy hp ng v i bi thng thit hi
47600$. Gia 2 bn c hp ng cha trong 2 tng hp theo PLVN v C Vin.

Theo l thuyt: VN: Cha c HD do c sa i. CU Vin cha c HD do y l sa

i c bn theo 19 khon 3.

Khi gii quyt i theo th t cho hng > chp nhn cho hng >

GK a ra 1 2 tnh hung chng ny, cn li l chng II hoc Chng IV (hi

HD c hiu lc hay cha c hiu lc). L thuyt hc ht chng III HDMBHHQT.
22
3 4 bn vo, bc 2 l thuyt, 1 tnh hung, c mang lut v giy trng vo chun b.
1 ng ra 1 ng vo. L thuyt ch yu chng 2.

V. NHNG IU KHON CH YU

VI. CHP HNH HMBHHQT

1. Nguyn tc chp hnh

Chp hnh ng (i tng, s lng, chng loi,)
Chp hnh trung thc, theo tinh thn hp tc v c li nht cho cc bn, m
bo tin cy ln nhau
Khng xm phm n li ch ca NN, li ch cng ng

2. Trch nhim do vi phm hp ng (Lin quan n tnh hung thi cui k)

2.1. Cn c cu thnh trch nhim:

C hnh vi vi phm hd
C thit hi thc t
C quan h nhn qu gia hnh vi vi phm hd v thit hi thc t
C li ca bn vi phm li suy on

V d: A v B chng ra con C en qu B k nhn nui, A kin B phi c trch

nhim vi C. Vy trch nhim l g, nu c ngha v m k thc hin th phi chu
trch nhim => trch nhim pht sinh sau khi c ngha v m k thc hin m thc
hin k ng/. Vy k c ngha v th k phi chu trch nhim.

Nui l ngha v k thc hin th c trch nhim pht sinh.

TH1: A gi con b in l C vo nh thng in B, ng tin cho B, C b NH

cht trong B, A c i B ci g?

Khng c hd, cn c l c hnh vi vi phm php lut

TH2: A m xe lm B gy chn, hng xe. B i bi thng g? Sa xe, vin ph, tin

thuc, lng do ngh lm.

Nu hnh vi vi phm l ca B th k i c. (Mn Tng)

TH3: B ch cng trnh xy dng, A bn xi mng, A giao chm xi mng lm B pht

sinh thit hi:

Pht chm tin , lng cng nhn, nguyn liu khc b hng -> chi ph bo qun, uy
tn, chi ph qun l donah nghip (in, nc, khu hao)

Lm tun t tng bc

C s vi phm hp ng hay khng (ai chng minh: bn b vi phm B gi A khiu ni

vi phm hp ng, ch ra hnh vi vi phm.

Hnh vi vi phm ca ng gy ra cho chng ti nhng thit hi nh sau: chng ti b

chm tin , b kh pht 10tr, a ra bng chng cho vic b pht: bin bn np pht.

Chm tin VN l vic thng thng, chng minh anh ng tin nu ti giao
ng hoc chng minh ng ta thiu nvl khc na nn mi k ng tin . Chng minh
ng tin nh lch trnh cng trnh, cc cng trnh xy ra sau . Lng cng nhn
phi chng minh bng hdld hoc sao k ngn hng hoc bng lng c ch k ca ng
nhn hng. Nu k giao chm vn phi tr lng, nu c bng chng cng nhn ca
anh trong tg vn c vic cng trnh khc th k i c.

23
 Trong kd thng mi KHNG I C uy tn theo pl ca VN. Trn tg ng ta
tnh cn c doanh thu st gim,

2.2. Ch ti x pht
Nhim v: nghin cu cc ch ti di y? Nghin cu gia LTM VN + Cng c
vin, ch kim tra iu kin c p dng. (cu hi c tr im)

Tiu ch Ngun lut diu chnh

1) Buc Lut thng mi

thc hin
ng hp iu 297. Buc thc hin ng hp ng
ng
(297 1. Buc thc hin ng hp ng l vic bn b vi phm yu cu bn vi phm thc
LTM) hin ng hp ng hoc dng cc bin php khc hp ng c thc hin v
bn vi phm phi chu chi ph pht sinh.

Ngay khi c vi phm, bn b vi phm yu cu bn kia thc hin ng hp

ng.

S dng bin php khc hp ng c thc hin

V d: NB k giao hng

Bc 1: Buc giao hngtrong khong thi gian no

Bc 2:Khng giao hng th mua hng ca ngi khc, chi ph chnh lch do
bn kia tr

vd 1: bn k giao hng ng ngy 1/10 --> 2/10 ta gi khiu ni yu cu ng giao

hng:

B1: yu cu phi giao hng trong thi hn n ngy 10/10 If=0 th b2

B2: mua hng ca ng khc vi chi ph chnh lch bn kia s tr

2. TH bn vi phm giao thiu hng hoc cung ng dch v khng ng hp ng

th phi giao hng hoc cung ng dch v theo ng tho thun trong hp
ng. TH bn vi phm giao hng ho, cung ng dch v km cht lng th phi
loi tr khuyt tt ca hng ho, thiu st ca dch v hoc giao hng khc thay
th, cung ng dch v theo ng hp ng. Bn vi phm khng c dng tin
hoc hng khc chng loi, loi dch v khc thay th nu khng c s chp
thun ca bn b vi phm.

Thiu:

B1: Yu cu giao hng

B2: Yu cu t NCC khc vi chi ph chnh lch do ng mua chu

Km CL:

B1: Yu cu sang sa cha hng

B2: n hn vn khng srav gi sang th t sa cha v chi ph chnh do

bn kia chu

3. Trong TH bn vi phm khng thc hin theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu ny th

bn b vi phm c quyn mua hng, nhn cung ng dch v ca ngi khc thay
th theo ng loi hng ho, dch v ghi trong hp ng v bn vi phm phi tr
24
 khon tin chnh lch v cc chi ph lin quan nu c; c quyn t sa cha
khuyt tt ca hng ho, thiu st ca dch v v bn vi phm phi tr cc chi ph
thc t hp l.

Nu ngi mua c li: ch c th yu cu thanh ton

Ngi mua k nhn hng:

B1: Yu cu nhn hng trong 1 thi hn nht nh

B2: Bn cho ng khc, chi ph chnh lch bn mua chu

4. Bn b vi phm phi nhn hng, nhn dch v v thanh ton tin hng, th lao
dch v, nu bn vi phm thc hin y ngha v theo quy nh ti khon 2
iu ny.

5. TH bn vi phm l bn mua th bn bn c quyn yu cu bn mua tr tin, nhn

hng hoc thc hin cc ngha v khc ca bn mua c quy nh trong hp ng
v trong Lut ny.

Ch ti ny k cn quy nh trong HD, khi c sai phm c s dng lun.

Cng c Vin

iu 46:

1. Ngi mua c th yu cu ngi bn phi thc hin ngha v, tr phi ngi

mua s dng mt bin php bo h php l khng hp vi yu cu .

2. Nu hng ha khng ph hp vi hp ng th ngi mua c th i ngi bn

phi giao hng thay th nu s khng ph hp to thnh mt s vi phm c bn
hp ng v yu cu v vic thay th hng phi c t ra cng mt lc vi vic
thng bo nhng d kin chiu theo iu 39 hoc trong mt thi hn hp l sau
.

3. Nu hng ha khng ph hp vi hp ng, ngi mua c quyn i ngi bn

phi loi tr s khng ph hp y, tr nhng TH khi iu ny khng hp l xt
theo tt c cc tnh tit. Vic yu cu loi tr s khng ph hp ca hng ha so
vi hp ng phi c tin hnh hoc l cng mt lc vi thng bo nhng d
kin chiu theo iu 39 hoc trong mt thi hn hp l sau .

2) Pht vi Cng c Vin

phm
(300LT K c ch ti pht
M, 422
BLDS) Lut thng mi

iu 300. Pht vi phm

Pht vi phm l vic bn b vi phm yu cu bn vi phm tr mt khon tin pht

do vi phm hp ng nu trong hp ng c tho thun, tr cc TH min trch
nhim quy nh ti iu 294 ca Lut ny.

Ch ti hay, buc bi thng ngay c khi cha xy ra vi phm.

K p dng ch ti:

1. Khi HD c quy nh

2. Trong lut p dng trong hd c quy nh

25
 Lut VN k quy nh 1 bn c php pht bn kia nu HD k quy nh. Tuy nhin
trong dn s c:

Phi quy nh c bi thng thit hi v pht vi phm trong HD th c i c

2, cn k th ch c i 1 trong 2

Ch ti duy nht k phi chng minh 4 cn c cu thnh vi phm, ch cn

chng minh c hnh vi vi phm v suy on li l c, k phi chng minh thit
hi.

=> Bt 1 bc quan trng: Chng minh thit hi

Thng dng cho nhng ngha v kh chng minh thit hi: Giao chm 1
ngy, thanh ton chm 1 2 ngy, chm chuyn giao chng t, bo mt thng
tin truyn hnh thc t (thng pht ln v tng dn s k c quy nh)

Mc pht ti a: 8% phn hp ng b vi phm

Trong dn s k cn quy nh mc pht, lnh vc c th quy nh mc pht

khc nhau, thng cao

C 2 cch pht: Pht tng ngha v, hoc pht ton b hp ng

iu 418. Tho thun pht vi phm

iu 422. Chm dt hp ng

3) Buc Lut thng mi

bi
thng K cn quy nh trong HD, p dng khi chng minh c 4 cn c vi phm hp
thit hi ng
(302
LTM): Li Cc bn chng minh c thit hi n u th i c n , k chng minh c
sut tr th k i c
chm tr
(306 Cc thit hi c kh nng i c: Vt cht, thc t, trc tip pht sinh t
LTM, 305 hnh vi vi phm
BLDS)
Thit hi gin tip l:

A bn cho B, A k bn cho B c do bn B iu tu n chm 10 ngy, A pht sinh

thit hi nh sau: lu kho 10 ngy 50tr, hng b t khi lu kho v hng mt 50tr,
b trm mt 20tr -> thit hi gin tip

Lu kkh trong 10 ngy=50 triu. (i c)

{Song nu trong 50 triu c 40 triu l chi cho 10 ng bo v --> khng thc t,

k i c}

Hng t:xx triu (k i c)

Trm mt: xx triu (k i c)}

Cc loi thit hi: Gim gi tr hng ha; Chi ph khc phc thit hi; Li mt
hng (phi chng minh tnh chc chn ca khon li , chng hn bng hp
ng ni a k vs ng khc)

Thit hi phi thc t: nm ngoi nhn quan ca cc bn, do cc bn t thi phng

ln

26
 Phi vt cht l tinh thn

Thit hi VC:

- Gim st gi tr ti sn
- Chi ph b ra khc phc thit hi
- Li mt hng ( phi c bng chng chng minh s chc chn khon li
)

iu 302. Bi thng thit hi

iu 306. Quyn yu cu tin li do chm thanh ton

iu 305. Nhn chnh ti sn bo m thay th cho vic thc hin ngha v

ca bn bo m

Cng c Vin

iu 74 - 78

4) Tm Lut thng mi
ngng
thc hin K p dng:
h( 308
LTM) iu 308. Tm ngng thc hin hp ng

Tr cc TH min trch nhim quy nh ti iu 294 ca Lut ny, tm ngng thc

hin hp ng l vic mt bn tm thi khng thc hin ngha v trong hp ng
thuc mt trong cc TH sau y:

1. Xy ra hnh vi vi phm m cc bn tho thun l iu kin tm ngng

thc hin hp ng;

2. Mt bn vi phm c bn ngha v hp ng.

Cng c Vin

iu 71:

5) nh Lut thng mi
ch thc
hin H K p dng
(310
LTM) iu 310. nh ch thc hin hp ng

Tr cc TH min trch nhim quy nh ti iu 294 ca Lut ny, nh ch thc

hin hp ng l vic mt bn chm dt thc hin ngha v hp ng thuc mt
trong cc TH sau y:

1. Xy ra hnh vi vi phm m cc bn tho thun l iu kin nh ch hp

ng;

2. Mt bn vi phm c bn ngha v hp ng.

Cng c Vin

Khng c

6) Hu Lut thng mi
hp ng
27
(312 iu 312. Hu b hp ng
LTM):
Lu 1. Hu b hp ng bao gm hy b ton b hp ng v hy b mt phn hp
313, ng.
LTM, 73
Cng c 2. Hy b ton b hp ng l vic bi b hon ton vic thc hin tt c cc
Vin) ngha v hp ng i vi ton b hp ng.

3. Hy b mt phn hp ng l vic bi b thc hin mt phn ngha v hp

ng, cc phn cn li trong hp ng vn cn hiu lc.

K p dng

4. Tr cc TH min trch nhim quy nh ti iu 294 ca Lut ny, ch ti hy

b hp ng c p dng trong cc TH sau y:

a) Xy ra hnh vi vi phm m cc bn tho thun l iu kin hy b hp

ng;

b) Mt bn vi phm c bn ngha v hp ng.

iu 313. Hu b hp ng trong TH giao hng, cung ng dch v tng phn

Cng c Vin

iu 73:

1. Nu hp ng quy nh giao hng tng phn v nu s kin mt bn khng thc

hin mt ngha v c lin quan n mt l hng cu thnh mt s vi phm ch yu
n hp ng v l hng th bn kia c th tuyn b hy hp ng v phn l
hng .

2. Nu s kin mt bn khng thc hin mt ngha v c lin quan n bt c l

hng no cho php bn kia c l do xc ng cho rng s c mt s vi phm
ch yu n hp ng vi cc l hng s c giao trong tng lai th h c th
tuyn b hy hp ng i vi cc l hng tng lai vi iu kin phi lm vic
trong mt thi hn hp l.

3. Ngi mua tuyn b hy hp ng i vi bt k l hng no c th cng mt

lc, tuyn b hp ng b hy i vi cc l hng giao hoc i vi cc l
hng s c giao trong tng lai nu, do tnh lin kt, cc l hng ny khng th
s dng c cho nhng mc ch do hai bn d tnh vo lc k kt hp ng.

Nu k giao hng, gia hn cho php giao thm, nu k giao na, tuyn b hy
nu h k thc hin

iu 49:

iu 25:

Mt s vi phm hp ng do mt bn gy ra l vi phm c bn nu s vi phm

lm cho bn kia b thit hi m ngi b thit hi, trong mt chng mc ng k
b mt ci m h c quyn ch i trn c s hp ng, tr phi bn vi phm khng
tin liu c hu qa v mt ngi c l tr minh mn cng s khng tin liu
c nu h cng vo hon cnh tng t.

4,5,6 c k p dng nh nhau trong LTM:

- khi xy ra vi phm quy nh l iu kin xxx hp ng

28
 - mt bn vi phm c bn ngha v H

CUV: C quyn Hy nu trong thi gian gia hn vn k thc hin c (c k mc

III CUV) or vi phm c bn

Vi phm c bn cn nhiu tranh ci nhiu

V d: Hiu mun mua 100 bnh trung thu. Hiu tha thun giao bnh vo 1/10 lc
8g sng, n 6/10 lc 16g h mi giao bnh

100 ci k th n, k th biu do l sinh vin, ch c th bn, m bn sau ngy tng

thu th k bn c do anh ny k c ca hng

c hy hp ng hay khng?

100 ci khng th n, biu nn ch c th bn; chng minh bng vic A

cho bn, mi hng.

Chng minh mnh khng bn sau trung thu c: Khng c ca hng ng

bn.

--> vi phm mc ch h --> hy c

V d: Cng ty da giy t giy c 36 nhng bn giao c 40 42. C hy c HD

khng?

Hy c nu chng minh c k th bn c ni a, nu cng ty XK c th k hy c.

Nu cty c h XK th k th chng minh c, k hy c

V d: Ru t mua l 40o nhng ch giao 18o th c hy c k.

Ru ung say, ru sai ch gim gi ch k hy c. 100 , 90 th hy c

v ru nng mc

(gi s 3 TH trn k quy nh hy, trn thc t t ai lng c cc k hy)

(phi chng minh sai vi phm c bn/ mc ch hp ng)

=> Khi quy nh v dk tn hng trong hp ng nn vit thm hng ny dng

lm g

1/1 k HD

7/1 giao hng ln 1: Ma bo nn tm ngng hd

14/1 giao hng ln 2: Hng km phm cht nn nh ch

21/1 giao hng ln 3: Hng vn km nn hy

HD c hiu lc trong khong time no?

7) Cc bin php khc do cc bn tho thun.

Nhn xt:

Ch ti 1 c lut hu ht cc quc gia v hng ti vic thc hin hp ng. CUV v

VN u c
Ch ti pht CUV k c.
Bi thng thit hi tt c cc qg c

29
 2 ch ti tip cn ty quc gia c hay k.
Cc qg cng hay quy nh hy hp ng

K thanh ton:

Gi xc nh trc
Gi xc nh sau C k iu chnh gi

Thu c t chc m ci, cc 50tr 1 nm sau mi ci, nhng 1 nm sau gi c tng t

500 750tr. Thm 1 k gi c s c iu chnh ti thi im t chc m ci nhng k
c qu 10%. Hoc iu chnh theo CPI.

iu khon iu chnh gi: Gi xc nh sau nn c iu khon iu chnh gi: vd:

do gi c chung tng nn gi hng tng theo. C th gim ri ro vd: c php tng
nhng k qu 10%. Ch c ph st thp u c th iu chnh nh vy.

k cht lng

VN bn cho Nga 110MT lc nhn k CIF, k hp ng 4/10/1993. HD quy nh phm

cht lc nhn theo 6 ch tiu: m <9%, kim tra phm cht nc ngi bn do
Vinacon

18/3/94, ng bn giao 105 MT trong 7 container, vn n hon ho, VinaC gim nh

trc khi hng ln tu v cp giy chng nhn phm cht.

25.4.94, hng n cng Vladivostok

26/5/94, ngi mua mi gim nh 2 Container theo tiu chun quc gia Nga, kt lun l
km phm cht, m 13% mc mm. Ngi mua ch 5 cng cn li n Rostop bng
ng st. Ngy 16/6/94, ngi mua mi gim nh l lc, bin bn gim nh l khng
ng phm cht quy nh trong hp ng. Vic tip tc s dng phi giao cho c quan
kim nh nh nc Nga, ngi mua Nga giao 7 cng cho ngi mua ni a, ngi
ny thy lc ko s dng dc nn t ng hy b, Nga tin hnh i khiu ni ng bn i
giao thay th hng ng phm cht hoc tr li tin.

Yu cu ca Nga c c chp nhn khng? Ti sao?

Gii quyt: Thi gian hp l trong 1 thng do bn Nga ang l ma ng, k tho cng
ra kim tra c

CIF: ti cng i l ht trch nhim nhng mang tnh b mt. Nhng nu hng vn li:
vd ni t n t. Bn bn k thot trch nhim

Giy cnpc ch c tnh cht tng i, c kh nng b bc. Ch c ch k ca bn mua.

Giy i tnh (tuyt i) c mt ca 3 bn mi khng b bc, c cng nhn.

Khng gim nh nn nu i th cng lm c 2 cont.

Quy chun kim tra ca 2 bn khc nhau --> li 2 bn --> chia i trch nhim

Khi hng km phm cht phi gi nguyn hin trng, khng c hy.

Gii quyt: b1: thng bo cho bn kia hng km phm cht, gi bin bn gim nh. Nu
VN k sang --> mi i din ca anh sang, ti bao n . Nu vn k --> anh hy chn mt
c quan gim nh thay anh.m (cn cu). Nu h chn th h b rng buc trch
nhiNu h k chn --> Yu cu 1 c quan khc lm gim nh, gi h s khiu ni
chng ti thin ch,.... chng ti c quyn khiu ni

30
iu 36: CU Vin

1. Ngi bn chu trch nhim chiu theo hp ng v Cng c ny, v mi s

khng ph hp no ca hng ha m s khng ph hp vo lc chuyn giao quyn
ri ro sang ngi mua, ngay c khi s khng ph hp ca hng ha ch c pht
hin sau .

2. Ngi bn cng chu trch nhim v mi s khng ph hp ca hng ha xy ra

sau thi im ni im trn v l hu qu ca vic ngi bn vi phm bt c mt
ngha v no ca mnh, k c vic khng th hon ton m bo rng trong mt thi
hn no , hng ha vn thch hp cho mc ch s dng thng thng hay mc
ch c th hoc vn duy tr c nhng tnh cht hay c tnh quy nh.

Hng hy ri nn k chng minh c bn no ng

DK c s giao hnh CIF, rr chuyn giao t khi giao cho ng vc cui cng ch tnh v b
mt. Tuy nhin ni t, n t bn bn vn phi chu trch nhim. D hng kim tra, xc
nh thi im m.

Giy ca VinaC ch mang tnh cht tng i nu vn bc c c s gian tr. Giy i

tch l giy c s c mt ca c 2 bn + c quan gim nh hoc giy bn c quan
gim nh nh nc. kim tra 2 cng th ch i c 2 cng, 5 thng vo ni a th kh
m i c. Kim tra theo tiu chun quc gia Nga, c s sai khc th li ca c 2, chia
i.

Khi hng km phm cht pi gi nguyn n y phm cht tng k tt nht chng
minh, sau ny chi ph s do bn kia tr.

Nghip v:

Thng bo bn bn km bin bn gim nh, bn bn sang, xc nhn gim nh. Nu

bn bn khng sang, d thin ch tri tr n cho nhn vin, cho php chn 1 cty
gim nh khc.

Yu cu c quan gim nh khc na v y s l c s bng chng trc ta.

3. Cng ch thi hnh ch ti trong HDMBHHQT

Ph chng minh c thi hn thc hin ngha v ca bn vi phm ht
Ph bo cho bn vi phm bit thi hn thc hin ngha v ca bn vi phm ht

Sai p: ng bng ti sn ca bn vi phm

V d HLV yu cu sai p my bay ca Vietnam Airline

Tuyn b ph sn: nu k tr tao th my k kh nng thanh ton --> yu cu ta

tuyn my ph sn

293 LTM tm ngng thc hin hp ng, nh ch thc hin hp ng hoc hu b

hp ng i vi vi phm khng c bn.

Nhn xt sau thuyt trnh ca cc bn

4. Trch nhim NCC vi hng ha

4.1. Phm vi trch nhim:

V khng gian:
Brussel: Mc cu Mc cu
Hamburg: Kho Kho
Theo Vit Nam: Mc cu Kho
V thi gian:
31
 B: 1 nm
H: 2 nm
VN: 2 nm

4.2. Gii hn trch nhim bi thng ca NCC

4.3. Min trch

Chng V: Mt s vn Php l v H CC HH XNK ng bin

Nm c 2 loi hp ng tu ch v tu chuyn.

HCCHHXNK= B l g: tha thun gia ng thu ch v ncc theo o ncc dng tu

bin ch hng t 1 cng ny n cng khc, ng thu ch tr cc.

Theo b lut hng hi VN:

Hp ng vn chuyn hng ha bng g bin l H c giao kt gia nvc n thu vc

theo ng vn chuyn (ch tu or ng thu tu cung cp dch v vn chuyn) thu
tin cc vn chuyn do n thu vc tr v dng tu bin vc hng ha t cng nhn
hng n cagr tr hng

VII. HP NG THU TU CH

1. Khi nim
Xem gio trnh
Booking note: n lu khoang

{nu gi hng l th ta lin h vs fowarder, bo gi thng lng cc kiu ri h s

gi ta booking note, l giy gi ch. Trch nhim pht sinh nu ta giao khng ng
hng trn booking note. Nu hng nhiu or xa th ta c th l ngi chu chi ph vn
ti ni a, nu hng t, h tin ly th h ly. Giao hng xong th c cp vn n:
chnh l hp ng gia cc bn, l cn c iu chnh quyn v ngha v cc bn}

2. Ngun lut iu chnh

a. iu c quc t

Xem li vn ti, gii hn trch nhim,....

b. Lut quc gia

VN (2015), M 1936 Anh 1924

c. Tp qun hng hi

3. Ngha v, trch nhim

a. Ngi thu ch

Cung cp hng: thgian, a im, loi hng (ng nh booking note)

Tr cc: gm? cn c tr? hnh thc tr

Tin cc khng tha thun c v cn c theo bng cc quy nh sn bi hng tu.

Cc gm bc, d, bo qun khng.

32
C c thng lng cc? Thng thng vn c th tha thun nu giao dch qua
fowarder. Fowarder bn cc li cho chng ta. Mt con c th gm 5 khch l --> 5
b chng t. Mi b chng t 50 . Fo sng ch yu bng pht hnh chng t v
dch v lu kho, cn cc tu rt r.????

Hnh thc tr: Cc tr trc v tr sau.

b. Ncc V tu:

Thu con tu bn chc c kh nng i bin (bo cp 6)

Trang b v bin ch y
Trang thit b v hm quy hng c tu sa

V hng: C trch nhim bo qun hng trong qu trnh chuyn ch (cn mn hp l)

V Vn n: Cp vn n cho ng thu ch.

3.trch nhim ca ncc i vs hh

VIII. HP NG THU TU CHUYN

1. Khi nim

2. Lut iu chnh
Lut Quc gia
Tp qun hng hi quc t
n l
HD mu: Ph bin

3. m phn

4. Ngha v cc bn

4.1. NCC
Lin quan n:

Tu
Hng: Bc, san, xp, bo qun (trch nhim lun cn c ca NCC), d hng
Vn n
Hnh trnh

4.2. Ngi thu chuyn ch

Cung cp hng ha
Bc d san xp
Tr cc ph

5. Tu hy b hnh trnh v ngha v cc bn

5.2. K hy b hnh trnh

Chin tranh
Hng b cm
Cng b phong ta

5.3. Ngha v cc bn khi tu b hy b hnh trnh

5.4. Hu qu

33