Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Active Passive
Fire Protection Fire Protection
office
laboratory
classroom
Classroom protected from higher
fire risks in laboratory.
MEANS OF EGRESS/ ESCAPE/ EXIT
The function of an egress system is to conduct occupants of a
building to a safe place in case of fire or other emergency.
A safe place is usually a public way or other large open space at
ground level.
For the occupants of the upper floors of a tall building, or for people
who are incapacitated or physically restrained, the safe place may be
a fire-protected area of refuge within a building.
Horizontal Exit An arrangement which allows alternative egress
from a floor area to another floor at or near the same level in an
adjoining building or an adjoining part of the same building with
adequate fire separation.
COMPONENTS OF AN EGRESS SYSTEM
1. Exit Access a corridor, an aisle, a path across a room, or a short
stair or ramp that conducts the occupants of a building to an exit.
2. Exit a protected means of evacuation (door opening, an enclosed
and protected exit passageway leading to a door, or an enclosed exit
stair or ramp) from an exit access to a safe discharge point, must
be of 2 hour construction with self closing doors rated at 1 1/2 hrs.
3. Exit Discharge a means (door, protected exit corridor, path
across a ground floor vestibule or lobby) of moving from an exit to a
safe discharge point (public way or other large open area.)
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CODES
NBA NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
NFPA NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION
IBC INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE
IS CODE
Fire Zones
The city or area under the jurisdiction of the Authority shall for
the purpose of the Code, be demarcated into distinct zones, based on
fire hazard inherent in the buildings and structures according to
occupancy, which shall be called as Fire Zones.
Fire Zone No. 1 This shall comprise areas having
residential (Group A),
educational (Group B),
institutional (Group C), and
assembly (Group D),
small business (Subdivisions E-1 ) and
retail mercantile (Group F) buildings,
or areas which are under development for such
occupancies.
Fire Zone No. 2 This shall comprise
business (Sub-divisions E-2 to E-5) and
industrial buildings (Sub-division G-1 and G-2),
except high hazard industrial buildings (Sub-division G-3) or areas which
are under development for such occupancies.
Fire Zone No. 3 This shall comprise areas having
high hazard industrial buildings (Subdivision G-3),
storage buildings (Group H) and
buildings for hazardous used (Group J)
or areas which are under development for such
occupancies.
Even locked, doors along an exit path must be easily openable in the direction of
egress travel.
Exit access corridors must be enclosed in fire-resistant walls and accessed via fire-
resistant doors
Doorways
EXIT STAIRWAY
An exit may also include a horizontal exit leading to an adjoining building at the
same level. Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits.
The floors of areas covered for the means of exit shall be illuminated to values
not less than 1 ft candle(10 lUX) at floor level
FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED PEOPLE
Provisions such as lifts, ramps to be considered for Wheelchair
provisions
Signage for differently challenged people
Spiral staircases & revolving doors to be avoided in fire escape
routes
Floors to be non-slippery
Fire alarms at the reach
Fire alarms for differently challenged people
Best Practice - Fire Safety
Flammable liquids
Oil, gasoline, solvents
Energized circuits
Electrical equipment
and computers