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Dante passes through the gate of Hell, which bears an inscription, the
ninth (and final) line of which is the famous phrase Lasciate ogne speranza, voi
chintrate, or Abandon all hope, ye who enter here. Before entering Hell
completely, Dante and his guide see the Uncommitted Souls of people who in life
did nothing, neither for good nor evil Mixed with them are outcasts who took
no side in the Rebellion of Angels. These souls are neither in Hell nor out of it,
but reside on the shores of the Acheron, their punishment to eternally pursue a
banner (i.e. self interest) while pursued by wasps and hornets that continually
sting them while maggots and other such insects drink their blood and tears. This
symbolizes the sting of their conscience and the repugnance of sin.
As with the Purgatorio and Paradiso, the Inferno has a structure of 9 + 1
= 10, with this vestibule different in nature from the nine circles of Hell, and
separated from them by the Acheron. (In ancient Greek mythology, Acheron was
known as the river of pain, and was one of the five rivers of the Greek
underworld. The Roman poet Virgil called it the principal river of Tartarus, from
which the Styx and Cocytus both sprang. The newly-dead would be ferried
across the Acheron by Charon in order to enter the Underworld. The Suda
describes the river as "a place of healing, not a place of punishment, cleansing
and purging the sins of humans.) [Wikipedia]
FILE FRAGMENTED
A Candy Necklace
BY
D. J. Bouchard
MMX
Maria Malibran (1808-1836)
Photo by Castello Sforesco, Milan
A TEST OF FIRE2
1
Laura de Noves (13101348) was the wife of Count Hugues de Sade (possibly the ancestor of the
Marquis de Sade). She could be the Laura that the Humanist poet Francesco Petrarch wrote about
extensively; however she has never been positively identified as such. Laura had a great influence on
Petrarchs life and lyrics. The historical information on Laura is meager at best.
2
Herostratus burnt down the Temple of Diana (Artemis) at Ephesus.
Lo, apart from Olympus, the Sun never looked on aught so grand.
, second half of the 1st century BCE
Cf., Josephus in Antiquities of the Jews, gives us an account of how the Emperor Tiberius ordered
a freedwoman named Ide to be crucified along with all of the priests of Isis in Rome, and had the temple of
Isis destroyed.
3
Vehement libidinous desire and lust for the tings of this world.
4
Rev. 21:6 It is done. I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End. To him who is thirsty
I will give to drink without cost from the spring of the water of life.
5
Synne is the incestuous daughter of the devil and mother of death.
Das Bild zeigt die Erzeugung des Homunculus in Goethes Faust II
(Darstellung aus dem 19: Jahrhundert)
Proverbs 30:15, 16 (Ferrar Fenton: The speeches of Agur-Ben-Jakeh the Righteous: The
message to be Delivered to the Atheist and Waster): On greed (The leech) Lust possesses two
daughters / who cry Give! Give! / These are three that are never glutted, / A fourth that says
not Enough. / The Grave & the closed-up womb; / the earth un-sated with water; / & fire, that
says not Enough! Cf., St. Jerome from Against Jovian: The blood-sucking leech had three
daughters, beloved in love, and they could not be satisfied; the fourth could never say Enough.
The leech is the devil; those beloved in love are the devils daughters who cannot be satisfied with
the blood of those they have slain cf. Countess Elizabeth Bthory de Ecsed (Albeta Btoriov
in Slovak, Bthory Erzsbet in Hungarian, 7 August 1560 21 August 1614), remembered as the
Blood Countess or Bloody Lady of achtice. After her husbands death, she and four
collaborators were accused of torturing and killing hundreds of girls and young women, with one
witness attributing to them over 600 victims: Elizabeth herself was neither tried nor convicted;
but, in 1610, however, she was imprisoned in the achtice Castle, where she remained bricked in
a set of rooms until her death four years later.
BY YOUR SIDE
6
[Wikipedia]: In Greek mythology, Helen (in Greek, Heln), known as Helen of Troy (and
earlier Helen of Sparta), was the daughter of Zeus and Leda (or Nemesis), daughter of King Tyndareus,
wife of Menelaus and sister of Castor, Polydeuces and Clytemnestra. Her abduction by Paris brought about
the Trojan War. Helen was described by Dr. Faustus in Christopher Marlowes eponymous play as having
the face that launched a thousand ships.
In the form of a swan, the king of gods was chased by an eagle, and sought refuge with Leda. The
swan gained her affection, and the two mated: Leda then produced an egg from which Helen was produced.
Since Helen caused the Trojan War by eloping with Paris [ ] Crucifixion was chosen because it
was particularly horrible and was thought to pay the victim back for the damage caused; it also might
prevent the victim from being buried which in turn would deprive them of immortality. The body might
be left to be eaten by birds and would not be placed in a grave.
Her angels face,7
As the great eye of Heaven shyned bright,
And made a sunshine in the shadie place.
Spenser, Faerie Queene, Book I Canto iii St. 4
MISRE REMISE
7
The Lady Una, lonely and forsaken, was roaming through woods and lonely wilderness, in search of her
lost love, the Red Crosse Knight: One day, being weary, she alighted from her steed, and lay down on the
grass to rest. It was in the midst of a thicket, far from the sight of any traveler. Suddenly, out of the wood
there rushed a fierce lion, which, seeing Una, sprang at her to devour her; but, when he came nearer, he was
amazed at the sight of her loveliness, and all his rage turned to pity. Instead of tearing her to pieces, he
kissed her weary feet and licked her lily hand as if he knew how innocent and wronged she was.
When Una saw the gentleness of this kingly creature, she could not help weeping.
Sad to see her sorrow, he stood gazing at her; all his angry mood changed to compassion, till at
last Una mounted her snowy palfrey and once more set out to seek her lost companion.
The lion would not leave her desolate, but went with her as a strong guard and as a faithful
companion. When she slept he kept watch, and when she waked he waited diligently, ready to help her in
any way he could. He always knew from her looks what she wanted.
But for your mouths kiss & for yine voice;
For soft flesh pleasures corruption;
The song of your heart whilest ye sleep it bleats
Our moments together & for ever
A pleasing brand which sears yine memory of love
Faust - Eine deutsche Volkssage, a silent film produced in 1926 by UFA, directed by F.W. Murnau
The connection between despair and the temptation to sin is an important theme
in Goethes Faust, Part One. Despair and temptation are most clearly correlated in the
attack on Gretchen's soul wherein Faust leads Gretchen astray and then leaves her to fend
for herself. 8
8
Faust and Mephistopheles travel about seeking pleasure: Faust meets a young maiden, Gretchen, who
soon falls in love with him. Faust gives Gretchens mother a potion to make her sleep (so they can be
together), but the potion is too strong and Gretchens mother dies. Gretchen becomes pregnant and her
brother, Valentine, dies attempting to defend his sisters honor. Faust abandons Gretchen. Then, in her
distress because of so many deaths, Gretchen drowns her baby in a pond. She is carried away to prison
where she awaits execution by hanging.
Faust [ ] begins to long for Gretchen whose life he realizes he has destroyed. Faust and
Mephistopheles travel to the prison where Gretchen is being held. They are able to see her and speak with
her just before her execution. Faust wants Gretchen to escape with him, but, determined to pay her debt;
she remains to receive her punishment. At the moment of her death, Mephistopheles fully expects to claim
her soul, but the voice of God proclaims she is saved.
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Remember,
Love is more important than anything else.
Albert smashed the revealing glass with his axe.
Now, climb Black Mountain, up to Gods Cloud-City
Concerning the old souls living death on either bank of the River of Life Eternal:
The three Fates, Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos, who spin, draw out and cut the thread of
life, represent Death in this tapestry, as they triumph over the fallen body of Chastity. This is the
third subject in Petrarchs poem The Triumphs: First, Love triumphs; and then Love is
overcome by Chastity, Chastity by Death, Death by Fame, and Fame by Time and Time by
Eternity.