Wireline Services Catalog

The services in this catalog are grouped according to their applications.

A brief description of each service and its measurement and
mechanical specifications are included. For more information on
designing a logging program to meet your specific needs, contact
your Schlumberger representative.

Entering the catalog will take you to the table of contents.

From the table of contents, you may access any of the catalog
items by clicking its entry. You may also browse the PDF normally.

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 Schlumberger 2004
Schlumberger
225 Schlumberger Drive
Sugar Land, Texas 77478
Produced by Schlumberger Educational Services.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transcribed in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo-
copying and recording, without prior written permission
of the publisher.
FE_03_008_0

An asterisk (*) is used throughout this document to denote a mark of Schlumberger.

PatchFlexis a joint mark of Schlumberger and Drillflex.
Q-Land, Q-Marine, Q-Seabed, and TRISOR are marks of WesternGeco.
HFVS and ITAGA are trademarks of ExxonMobil Corporation.
 Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Quality, Health, Safety, and Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Quality, Health, Safety, and Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
QHSE Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Radiation safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Explosives safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Pressure control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Surface Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
MAXIS* Multitask Acquisition and Imaging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Data Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
InterACT* real-time monitoring and data delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Data utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Telemetry systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Field Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Optimum Service Land Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
High-Mobility Land Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
MAXIS Express* Medium Service Land Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Blue Streak* Shallow Well Perforating Truck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Offshore Skid Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
High-Efficiency Logging and Perforating unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Auxiliary winch drum attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Conveyance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
LWF* logging while fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
TLC* Tough Logging Conditions system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Coiled tubing logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Depth measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Hostile Environment Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Hostile Environment Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Strengthening cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Improving surface equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Enhancing telemetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Broadening tool capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Looking toward the future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Logging Platforms and Suites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Platform Express* Integrated Wireline Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Xtreme* HPHT Logging Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
IPL* Integrated Porosity Lithology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
SlimAccess* Logging for Slim and Complex Geometry Boreholes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Wireline Services Catalog Contents iii

 SlimXtreme* Slimhole HPHT Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
PS Platform* Production Services Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
PL Flagship* Production Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
ABC* Analysis Behind Casing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Resistivity Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
AIT* Array Induction Imager Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
AIT Array Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Platform Express Array Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Slim Array Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Hostile Environment Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SlimXtreme Array Induction Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Laterolog Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
ARI* Azimuthal Resistivity Imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
HRLA* High-Resolution Laterolog Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
High-Resolution Azimuthal Laterolog Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Microresistivity Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
MicroSFL* Spherically Focused Resistivity tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Micro-Cylindrically Focused Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Powered Caliper Device with microlog tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
CHFR-Plus* Cased Hole Formation Resistivity Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Nuclear Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Gamma Ray Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Spectral Gamma Ray Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
NGS* Natural Gamma Ray Spectrometry tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Hostile Environment Natural Gamma Ray Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
ECS* Elemental Capture Spectroscopy Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Neutron Porosity Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
CNL* Compensated Neutron Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Slim Compensated Neutron Porosity Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Highly Integrated Gamma Ray Neutron Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
SlimXtreme Compensated Neutron Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Array Porosity Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
APS* Accelerator Porosity Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Hostile Environment Accelerator Porosity Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
RST* and RSTPro* Reservoir Saturation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Density Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Three-Detector Lithology Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Litho-Density Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Hostile Environment Lithology Density Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Slim Array Litho-Density* Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
SlimXtreme Litho-Density Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
CMR-Plus* Combinable Magnetic Resonance Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
MRX* Magnetic Resonance eXpert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Acoustic Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Monopole Acoustic Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Digital Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Slim Array Sonic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
DSI* Dipole Shear Sonic Imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

iv Wireline Services Catalog

 Dipmeter and Imaging Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
FMI* Fullbore Formation MicroImager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
UBI* Ultrasonic Borehole Imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
OBMI* Oil-Base MicroImager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
OBDT* Oil-Base Dipmeter Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Drilling and Directional Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
GPIT* General Purpose Inclinometry Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Seismic Imaging Tools and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Seismic Imaging Tools and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
CSI* Combinable Seismic Imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Q-Borehole* Multicomponent Borehole Seismic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
VSI* Versatile Seismic Imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
SWINGS* seismic navigation and positioning system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
TRISOR seismic source control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Q-Borehole Simultaneous Surface and Borehole Seismic Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Marine Seismic Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Land Seismic Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Formation Testing and Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
MDT* Modular Formation Dynamics Tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Advanced MDT Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Dual-Packer Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Dual-Probe Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Flow-Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Pumpout Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
LFA* Live Fluid Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
CFA* Composition Fluid Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
MDT Low-Shock Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
MDT Multisample Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
SRFT* Slimhole Repeat Formation Tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
CHDT* Cased Hole Dynamics Tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Mechanical Sidewall Coring Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
CST* Chronological Sample Taker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Well Integrity Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Cement Bond Logging Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Slim Array Sonic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
SlimXtreme Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Cement bond log from Digital Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Cement bond log from Hostile Environment Sonic Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Slim Cement Mapping Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
USI* UltraSonic Imager Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Corrosion Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
UCI* Ultrasonic Casing Imager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
CPET* Corrosion Protection Evaluation Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
METT* Multifrequency Electromagnetic Thickness Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
PS Platform Multifinger Imaging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Production Logging Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
PS Platform Production Services Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
RSTPro Reservoir Saturation Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
WFL* Water Flow Log from the RSTPro Reservoir Saturation Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
RSTPro tool with silica activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Contents v
 CPLT* Combinable Production Logging Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Combinable Gamma Ray Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Phase Velocity Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
FloView* Holdup Measurement Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Multiple-Isotope Spectroscopy Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Perforating Services and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Perforating Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Casing collar locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
UPCT* Universal Perforating and Correlation Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
PGGT* Powered Gun Gamma Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
WPP* Wireline Perforating Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Wireline Oriented Perforating Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Through-Tubing Perforating Positioning Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Magnetic Positioning Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Spring Positioning Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Wireline Perforating Anchor Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Perforating Explosives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Detonation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
S.A.F.E.* Slapper-Actuated Firing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Secure* detonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Gun Systems and Charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Capsule gun systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Enerjet* expendable strip gun system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Pivot Gun* gun system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
PowerSpiral* spiral-phased perforating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
CERAMICA* perforating charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Carrier gun systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
HEGS* High-Efficiency Gun System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Casing gun systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
HSD* High Shot Density gun systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
PURE* Perforating for Ultimate Reservoir Exploitation System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Casing and Tubing Cutters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Tubing Punchers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Plugs and Packers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Casing Packer Setting Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Gauge Ring and Junk Basket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
PatchFlex Through-Tubing Casing Patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
PosiSet* Mechanical Plug-Back Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Auxiliary Measurements and Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Caliper Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
MaxTRAC* Production Services Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Auxiliary Compression Tension Sub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Environmental Measurement Sonde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
FPIT* Free-Point Indicator Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
CERT* Correlated Electromagnetic Retrieval Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Wireline Crossover Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Large Openhole Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

vi Wireline Services Catalog

Introduction

During the early 1900s Conrad and
Marcel Schlumberger experimented
with surface electrical measurements
as a way of defining the Earths subsur-
face structure. In 1927 they performed
their experiment in an oil well in
France for the Pechelbronn Oil
Company.
The result was the first electrical
log, and it showed conclusively that
geologic formations penetrated by the
drill could be identified by electrical
measurements. The electric log gave
eyes to the oil finders, who previously
could rely only on drill cuttings and
core samples.
In the years since that historic
event in France, Schlumberger has
become an international company
offering services for petroleum explo-
ration, development, and production
with seismic surveys, drilling, mea-
surement-while-drilling, wireline log-
ging, well testing, cementing and
stimulation, and the design and instal-
lation of production systems and com-
ponents.
Today Schlumberger is organized as
an integrated Oilfield Services com-
pany while maintaining its traditional
Wireline Services Catalog Introduction
product line structure. This organiza-
tion not only ensures that technology
from different product groups can be
integrated by experts and delivered to
provide seamless solutions to the oil
and gas industry but also enhances the
development of innovative solutions.
No one can deprecate the impor-
tance of timely information. This is
especially true in the oil and gas indus-
try, where critical decisions hinge
upon the availability of data. Data
acquired by Schlumberger can now be
made available to operators in real
time by using satellite communication
networks. Decisions made on the basis
of these data can be implemented
quickly and efficiently.
As well geometries become increas-
ingly complex, new techniques of con-
veyance of logging tools are needed.
Most of the logging tools in use today
can be conveyed on drillpipe, coiled
tubing, or wireline tractors to address
a wide range of well conditions.
Oilfields around the world are
aging, driving an increasing need to
evaluate old wells. Schlumberger pro-
vides state-of-the-art formation evalua-
tion services in cased wells, including
Introduction
measurements that until recently were
available only in openhole environ-
ments. This technology opens new
avenues for the evaluation of bypassed
pay, reservoir monitoring, or contin-
gency logging under difficult condi-
tions.
Production logging, cement and
corrosion evaluation, and nuclear
measurements made after casing
has been set are increasingly used
to identify problems and monitor
well performance. The comprehensive
Schlumberger line of production ser-
vices is engineered for safety, reliabil-
ity, and performance. New perforation
systems have also been developed with
a focus on maximizing production.
The services in this catalog are
grouped according to their applications.
A brief description of each service and
its measurement and mechanical speci-
fications are included. For more infor-
mation on designing a logging program
to meet your specific needs, contact
your Schlumberger representative.
3
Quality, Health,
Safety, and
Environment

To ensure that quality, health, safety
(including security), and environmen-
tal (QHSE) considerations remain a
top priority, Schlumberger has adopted
the QHSE Management System. We are
committed to proactively integrating
the following QHSE objectives into
Schlumberger operations worldwide:
Ensure the quality of our products
and services.
Protect the health, safety and prop-
erty of our employees, clients, con-
tractors, and third parties.
Protect the environment in the
communities where we work and
live.
QHSE Management System
The QHSE Management System
defines the Schlumberger operating
principles with regard to product and
service quality, protection of health
and safety, and protection of the envi-
ronment. As an integral part of their
everyday work, all Schlumberger
employees share and practice the
QHSE principles.
A foundation of the QHSE system is
the belief that all losses of people,
property, and process are preventable.
By applying QHSE principles, we strive
to attain a zero-defect culture that
eliminates all accidents, process
losses, harmful emissions, health-
related incidents, and security lapses.
Wireline Services Catalog Quality, Health, Safety, and Environment
Quality, Health, Safety,
and Environment
The QHSE Management System
includes eight interrelated compo-
nents, monitored to ensure day-to-day
conformance with standards, cor-
rected when necessary, and continu-
ously improved:
Commitment and leadership
strong, visible management com-
mitment, leadership, and personal
involvement in QHSE, including
provision of necessary resources
Policies and objectivesto define
standards and QHSE performance
targets for all levels of the organiza-
tion
Organization and resourcesorga-
nizational structure and necessary
resources for achieving QHSE objec-
tives
Contractor and supplier manage-
mentmechanisms to ensure that
products and services provided by
suppliers and contractors meet
applicable QHSE standards
Risk managementcontinual eval-
uation process to identify hazards,
assess risks, and determine appro-
priate means of prevention and mit-
igation
Design and planningapplication
of QHSE principles to the design,
development, and delivery of
Schlumberger Oilfield Services
products and services
Implementation and monitoring
mechanisms to ensure activities
conform to defined standards and to
promote continuous improvement
Assessment and continuous improve-
mentaudits and reviews to verify
the effectiveness of the QHSE
Management System.
Radiation safety
When handling radioactive materials,
Schlumberger personnel follow strict
rules that meet or exceed the require-
ments of government regulatory agen-
cies. Training, policies, procedures,
equipment testing, and internal audits
are all parts of our program to ensure
radiation safety. In addition, electrical
neutron source accelerators are pro-
gressively replacing some chemical
neutron sources.
Explosives safety
Through a continual training program,
Schlumberger personnel develop a
respect for explosives and thorough
knowledge of explosives handling. The
risks related to hazardous explosive
materials have been well controlled for
many years, and each year technology
developments further reduce these
risks. For example, S.A.F.E.* Slapper-
Actuated Firing Equipment and
Secure* detonators are replacing
explosive firing devices that are sensi-
tive to radio signals and stray voltage.
When explosives are handled,
Schlumberger personnel use field-
proven safety devices such as key-con-
trolled safety switches, stray voltage
grounding straps, and rig-to-wellhead
voltage monitors. Stringent wellsite
procedures provide backup controls.
7
Pressure control Environment
The Schlumberger dynamic wellhead Schlumberger wireline operations use
control system is designed to handle very few toxic materials, which mini-
the pressures that occur during wire- mizes the potential impact on the
line operations. environment. Continuous monitoring
The top-rated equipment has through the QHSE Management System
a working pressure of 15,000 psi ensures environmental compliance
[103 MPa] and a test rating of and protection.
22,500 psi [155 MPa]. Safety features
include a hydraulically operated pack-
ing gland at the top of the lubricator
and hydraulically actuated blowout
preventers. All pressure equipment is
pressure tested and certified on a reg-
ular basis.
Personnel who perform ultrahigh-
pressure operations receive special
training and certification. All equip-
ment is field tested to expected pres-
sures after installation on the wellhead
and before operations begin.

8 Wireline Services Catalog

Surface Systems

All Schlumberger logging units are
equipped with the MAXIS* Multitask
Acquisition and Imaging System. The
Modular Configuration MAXIS (MCM)
is the latest generation of MAXIS
development. This modular personal
computer (PC) based platform makes
extensive use of commercially avail-
able hardware and operating systems
to provide improved flexibility in
deploying applications. The MCM is
configurable from a minimum of an
office print server to high-end explo-
ration units.
Wireline Services Catalog Surface Systems
MAXIS Multitask Acquisition
and Imaging System
The MCM receives and records a
complex array of data from the down-
hole tools, performs quality checks,
and processes and displays the infor-
mation on high-resolution color screen
displays as well as hard-copy color
prints in real time for immediate deci-
sion-making. Multitasking capability
enables the performance of various
tasks simultaneously to further
increase wellsite efficiency.
The MAXIS system integrates a set
of software programs on PC-based net-
worked computers, acquisition inter-
face that is Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
based, special tool power control unit,
high-resolution color screens, state-
of-the-art color printers, and communi-
cation system. In combination with
InterACT* real-time monitoring and
data delivery, the MAXIS system can
securely deliver real-time log data
from remote sites using existing com-
munication channels.
11
Data Delivery
Schlumberger recognizes that the data
gathered in the field must be trans-
ferred to the end users as reliably and
as quickly as possible. To this end,
Schlumberger has a proven global data
delivery network that securely, reli-
ably, and efficiently transfers data
from remote sites. Data can be trans-
mitted from the wellsite and forwarded
via e-mail, facsimile, and File Transfer
Protocol (FTP). Schlumberger InterACT
service furthers real-time data accessi-
bility from a Web browser. The InterACT
system supports
transfer of real-time wireline, drill-
ing, and fracturing data
secure, managed sharing of project
data with third parties and
partners
all project data gathered in one
location, regardless of who
produced them.
InterACT real-time monitoring
and data delivery
InterACT real-time monitoring and
data delivery service is a user-friendly,
intuitive system that requires no
installation of specialized software.
From a connection to either the
Internet or a local intranet, data are
downloaded to a desktop computer or
viewed using interactive, customizable
graphics viewers on a PC. Real-time
12
data can be automatically and continu-
ously delivered to and viewed on the
users desktop computer. Data can also
be viewed on pocket PCs.
The wellsite engineer simply
uploads graphical or digital data to
the InterACT Web site for remote
users to view or analyze in real time.
Formats supported include Digital Log
Information Standard (DLIS), LOG
ASCII Standard (LAS), and American
Standard Code for Information Inter-
change (ASCII) for digital data and
Picture Description System (PDS),
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF), or
any other file type for graphical data.
The embedded log graphics viewer pro-
vides options to view and manipulate
wireline data. For example, wireline
and drilling data can be viewed con-
currently on the same log presenta-
tion.
During operations such as reservoir
sampling, experts at different loca-
tions can collaborate on data viewed or
interpreted in real time for immediate
decision-making on critical issues.
The most difficult part of data
exchange is sending data from a
remote site. Because local telecommu-
nication systems in some areas can be
unreliable, Schlumberger uses propri-
etary transfer protocols to ensure
robust data transfer. Encrypted data
are compressed for efficiency, and
automatic link recovery is available if
telecommunications breaks occur. This
superior transfer process means that
InterACT technology can be used even
in areas with unsophisticated commu-
nication links.
InterACT delivery uses best-in-class
security standards for both hardware
and software. All data transfer uses
128-bit Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
encryption. The system meets industry
security standards, minimizing the risk
of data disclosure. If an intranet-only
solution is preferred, Schlumberger
can install and maintain the system in
the clients office.
The same process used for internal
team members easily controls partner
access to data. Because the data reside
centrally in the system database, there
is no need for continual updates and
distribution. Partners access specified
data at the operators discretion.
Data utilities
The Log Data Toolbox* suite of data
utilities enables clients to view or
manipulate data on their own PCs. The
graphics utilities are for viewing and
manipulating PDS and TIFF files. The
data utilities are used to manipulate,
verify, reformat, or view Log Infor-
mation Standard (LIS), DLIS, LAS,
and ASCII data files. The Log Data
Toolbox suite is provided at no cost
to all Schlumberger clients at
http://interact.slb.com.
Wireline Services Catalog
Telemetry systems form to meet the increased data rate CTS supports a 100-kbps uplink data
The telemetry system provides the required on a monocable for produc- rate. It can operate on either alternat-
interface through which data are deliv- tion logging. ing or direct current (AC or DC) with
ered from the downhole toolstring to DTS supports high-data-rate logging hepta-cable or coaxial cable.
the surface data acquisition and pro- tools. The telemetry uses sophisticated MTS is a single-channel QAM link in
cessing system. The Digital Telemetry modem technology to overcome the which the tool message frames are
System (DTS) uses a fast tool bus bandwidth restrictions of the wireline encapsulated into a new cable proto-
(FTB) in downhole tools. This system is logging cable. The quadrature ampli- col. An adaptive QAM uplink channel is
used in all new-generation imaging tude modulation (QAM) technique used to deliver data to the surface sys-
tools. The legacy Cable Telemetry enables data transmission that fully tem from the PS Platform system. The
System (CTS) uses a digital tool bus uses the cable bandwidth. DTS also downlink is a single biphase channel
(DTB) in downhole tools. The new uses two cable transmission modes to used to send tool commands.
Monocable Telemetry System (MTS) double the uplink channel capacity.
has been specially developed for the The T5 and T7 modes are used simulta-
PS Platform* production services plat- neously to produce an effective
throughput rate of 500 kbps or greater.

Telemetry Cartridge Mechanical Specifications

Digital Telemetry Digital Telemetry Slim Telemetry SlimXtreme* Telemetry Xtreme* Hostile Tool Communication Slim Tool Hostile Environment
Cartridge (DTC-H) Cartridge (DTC-A) and Gamma Ray and Gamma Ray Environment Cartridge (TCC-B) Communication Tool Communication
Cartridge (STGC) Cartridge (QTGC) Integrated Telemetry Cartridge Cartridge (HTCC-A)
and Gamma Ray (MTCC-A)
Cartridge (HTGC)

Temperature rating 302F [150C] 350F [177C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 392F [200C] 392F [200C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 43 8 in. [11.11 cm] 43 8 in. [11.11 cm] 31 2 in. [8.89 cm] 3 7 8 in. [9.84 cm] 434 in. [12.07 cm] 438 in. [11.11 cm] 334 in. [9.53 cm] 438 in. [11.11 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3.75 in. [9.53 cm] 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 2.75 in. [6.99 cm] 3.5 in. [8.89 cm]
Length 3 ft [0.9 m] 9 ft [2.7 m] 7.64 ft [2.33 m] 10.67 ft [3.25 m] 10.67 ft [3.25 m] 3 ft [0.9 m] 4.17 ft [1.27 m] 5.5 ft [1.7 m]
Weight 48 lbm [22 kg] 121 lbm [55 kg] 71.3 lbm [32 kg] 265 lbm [120 kg] 265 lbm [120 kg] 51 lbm [23 kg] 54 lbm [24 kg] 92 lbm [42 kg]

Surface Systems 13
Field Units
Optimum Service Land Carrier
The Optimum Service Land Carrier
(OSLC) is used to perform open- or
cased hole logging operations. The
design emphasis for this integrated,
full-service logging carrier minimizes
the overall size of the truck but still
provides full cable capacity by allowing
the use of existing large-capacity
winch drum reels (WDRs). The result-
ing unit efficiently performs full-ser-
vice operations from an
intermediate-size vehicle. The OSLC
also has excellent off-road capabilities
through its 64 drive configuration.
The cabin layout has both the winch
operator and engineer facing the rig.
High-Mobility Land Carrier
The High-Mobility Land Carrier
(HMLC) operates in desert and
extreme off-road conditions that
require a 44 chassis. The HMLC has
an operational capacity similar to that
of the MAXIS Express* onshore well-
site surface instrumentation because it
uses the same winch drum and winch
drive arrangement.
MAXIS Express Medium
Service Land Carrier
The MAXIS Express Medium Service
Land Carrier (MSLC) is an integrated
mobile logging truck built on a 42
chassis. The MSLC is suited for both
open- and cased hole services. The dri-
ving cab and logging cabin layouts are
similar to those of the OSLC, with both
the winch operator and engineer fac-
ing the rig.
Blue Streak Shallow Well
Perforating Truck
The Blue Streak* Shallow Well Perfo-
rating Truck (SWPT) is specifically
designed for completion work on wells
14
Mechanical Specifications
OSLC
Length 28.3 ft [8.6 m]
Width 10.3 ft [3.1 m] (including side mirrors)
Height 12.8 ft [3.9 m]
Weight 48,200 lbm [21,863 kg] with 52-in. [1.32-m] drum
and 24,000-ft [7,300-m] 7-46 cable
Large winch drum cable capacity
WDR-57 52-in. [1.32-m] split drum 20,000-ft [6,096-m] 7-46 and 18,000-ft [5,486-m] 2-23 cable
WDR-30 30,000-ft [9,144-m] 7-46 cable
Small winch drum cable capacity
WDR-61 24,000-ft [7,300-m] 2-32 cable
Cable speed
Large drum 70 to 43,000 ft/hr [21 to 13,100 m/h]
at full drum, continuously variable
Small drum 70 to 60,000 ft/hr [21 to 18,290 m/h]
at full drum, continuously variable
Mechanical Specifications
HMLC-AA
Length 27.9 ft [8.5 m]
Width 9.31 ft [2.84 m]
Height 12.37 ft [3.77 m]
Weight Gross vehicle weight (GVW): 40,500 lbm [18,370 kg]
Winch drum cable capacity
WDR-56 18,400-ft [5,608-km] 7-39 LXS cable
Cable speed 100 to 100,000 ft/hr [30.5 to 30,480 m/h]
Mechanical Specifications
MSLC-BA
Length 25.3 ft [7.7 m]
Width 10.3 ft [3.1 m] (including side mirrors)
Height 12.4 ft [3.78 m] (to top of the exhaust stack)
Weight GVW: 33,850 lbm [15,354 kg]
Load capacity Front axle: 13,850 lbm [6,282 kg]
Rear axle: 20,000 lbm [9,072 kg]
Winch drum cable capacity
WDR-56 direct-drive drum 13,000-ft [3,962-m] 7-46 cable
with disk brake 18,400-ft [5,608-m] 7-39 LXS cable
16,100-ft [4,907-m] 7-42 P cable
Cable speed 100 to 100,000 ft/hr [30.5 to 30,480 m/h]
Wireline Services Catalog
shallower than 14,000 ft [4,200 m]
deep. This mobile unit for oil and
gas exploration supports the MAXIS
acquisition system. The SWPT is well
suited for multiple shallow-well com-
pletion projects where a mast is
required (45-ft [13.7-m] maximum).
Rig-up is a quick and simple two-
person operation.
Offshore Skid Unit
The Offshore Skid Unit (OSU) is a
skid-type data acquisition unit. It is
designed for operation on offshore
drilling rigs from either a stationary
mounting or an oscillation track, for
locations close to the wellhead or mul-
tiple-slot platforms. The cab is
ergonomically designed to house both
the MAXIS acquisition system and the
winch control system for tripping the
logging tools in and out of the well. The
optimized inside layout provides a
comfortable office work environment
in conformance with high safety stan-
dards. The standard OSU has a diesel-
powered hydraulic system. Variations
in design make the OSU readily adapt-
able to specific environments and
client needs. An electric winch model
with zero emissions is available for
operations with high environmental
sensitivity or in extremely cold cli-
mates. The unit may be equipped with
an auxiliary winch drum attachment
for monocable or coaxial cable opera-
tion without the need to change drums.
Either a diesel-driven or Electro-
hydraulic Prime Mover Skid (EHPA)
can be supplied.
High-Efficiency Logging
and Perforating unit
Wellsite efficiency, cost, and space lim-
itations are prime considerations for
perforating or servicing wells in the
offshore environment. The High-
Efficiency Logging and Perforating
(HELP) unit provides high-efficiency
perforating and mechanical services
from a compact, portable skid. The
self-contained HELP system requires
only two operators.
Surface Systems
Mechanical Specifications
SWPT-EAA Standard Without Mast
SWPT-EAB Standard with Mast
SWPT-EBA 4 4 Without Mast
SWPT-EBB 4 4 with Mast
Length SWPT-EAA and SWPT-EBA: 23 ft [7.0 m]
SWPT-EAB and SWPT-EBB: 29 ft [8.8 m]
Width 8.1 ft [2.5 m]
Height SWPT-EAA: 9.2 ft [2.8 m] (without mast)
SWPT-EAB and SWPT-EBA: 10 ft [3.1 m] (mast not deployed)
SWPT-EBB: 10.8 ft [3.3 m] (mast not deployed)
45 ft [13.7 m] (mast extended)
Weight GVW (max.): 31,000 lbm [14,100 kg]
Winch drum cable capacity 19,000-ft [5,790-m] 0.22-in. [0.56-cm] diameter cable
17,000-ft [5,181-m] 0.23-in. [0.58-cm] diameter cable
14,000-ft [4,270-m] 0.25-in. [0.63-cm] diameter cable
8,500-ft [2,590-m] 0.32-in. [0.81-cm] diameter cable
5,800-ft [1,770-m] 0.39-in. [0.99-cm] diameter cable
Cable speed 2,000 to 70,000 ft/hr [610 to 21,340 m/h]
Mechanical Specifications
OSU
Main Skid and Cab Engine Skid
Length 18 ft [5.5 m] (to front of main drum) 7.5 ft [2.3 m]
21.83 ft [6.65 m] (to front of WDA)
Width 7.85 ft [2.39 m] 2 ft [0.6 m]
Height 7.73 ft [2.36 m] (from bottom 8.42 ft [2.57 m] (from bottom
of skid to top of cab) of skid to top of exhaust)
8.8 ft [2.7 m] (from bottom of skid
to top of air conditioner unit)
Weight 18,900 lbm [8,573 kg] 4,300 lbm [1,950 kg]
WDA: 5,500 lbm [2,495 kg]
with 30,000-ft [9,144-m] 1-22 cable
Cable drum: 10,800 lbm [4,899 kg]
for 48-in. [1.22-m] winch drum
with 24,000-ft [7,315-m] 7-46 cable
Winch drum cable capacity WDA: 30,000-ft [9,144-m] 1-22 cable
48-in. [1.22-m] winch drum: 24,000-ft
[7,315-m] 7-46 cable
Cable speed 100 to 45,000 ft/hr [30 to 13,720 m/h]
Mechanical Specifications
HELP Unit
Pressure rating 5,000 to 15,000 psi [24.5 to 103 MPa]
Length 91 in. or 7.58 ft [2.31 m]
Width 84 in. or 7 ft [2.13 m]
Height 118 in. or 9.83 ft [3.0 m]
Weight 5,000 lbm
Lift capacity 10,000 lbm [44,480 N]
Electric line capacity 24,000-ft [7315-m] 1-23 cable
15,000-ft [4572-m] 1-32 cable
Cable speed 80 to 50,000 ft/h [24.4 to 15,240 m/h]
(enhanced slow-speed logging)
Cable tension Limiting the system avoids unplanned pull-offs
Additional person required for pressures between 10,000 and 15,000 psi [69 and 103 MPa].
15
Auxiliary winch drum attachment
Wireline completion operations are
usually performed under pressure,
which requires a small-size cable.
The auxiliary WDA is equipped with
30,000 ft [9,144 m] of 1-22 or 2-23 cable
or with 21,800 ft [6,645 m] of 1-32 or
2-32 cable for attachment to the log-
ging unit. This arrangement supports
monocable operation without the need
to change drums. The logging unit and
WDA are usually separated for trans-
port or repair.

16 Wireline Services Catalog


LWF logging while fishing
LWF* logging-while-fishing technology
saves time and reduces cost by
enabling the resumption of logging
operations during fishing. In most
cases, the LWF technique eliminates
the conditioning trip required before
relogging because the fishing job is
converted to a drillpipe-assisted log
that completes the original descent in
the wellbore.
LWF technology can be used with
most stuck wireline tools. LWF opera-
tions begin by preparing the wireline
for cut-and-thread fishing. The con-
nected rope sockets on the cable ends
are housed in a load-bearing protective
torpedo to reestablish both the
mechanical connection and electrical
communication with the stuck tool-
string. The tool overshot and drillpipe
are threaded over the cable until the
placement depth is reached for the
Cable Side Entry Sub (CSES).
The CSES is placed to provide an
overlapping, continuous log, with the
maximum continuous log interval
equal to the distance between the cas-
ing shoe and rig floor. The wireline
passes through the CSES to the outside
of the drillpipe to prevent wireline
damage during logging. A downhole
cable-severing device is also installed
to allow retrieval of the wireline if the
drillpipe becomes stuck while logging.
The fishing tools on the rig floor are
then removed from the wireline, and
the tool is repowered to prepare for
engagement of the overshot and tool.
The speed of the operation now
increases because tripping drillpipe is
quicker than threading cable through
drillpipe. When the stuck tool is
reached, engagement is less likely to
damage the tool because the reestab-
lished electrical communication
allows monitoring tension at the tool in
addition to the usual drillers method.
Surface Systems
Conveyance Systems
Once the tool is freed, TLC*-style
logging is conducted to continue the
recording of continuous or stationary
logs.
TLC Tough Logging
Conditions system
The TLC Tough Logging Conditions sys-
tem (TLCS) makes it possible to deploy
tools for wireline logging in highly devi-
ated or horizontal wells and also in
hostile environments and deep wells.
Wireline tools are mechanically con-
nected beneath the drillpipe using the
Downhole Wet Connector Head (DWCH)
and run in to a predetermined latch
point. The Pump-Down Wet Connector
Head (PWCH) is then threaded
through the CSES and pumped down to
latch in the DWCH to provide an elec-
trical connection. The CSES provides
a complete cable seal up to 5000-psi
[34-MPa] differential pressure. All
tools are rated to 20,000 psi [138 MPa].
TLCS enables conducting opera-
tions in otherwise impossible condi-
tions. A key component of TLCS jobs
is thorough prejob planning that
accounts for tool compressional and
tensile strengths (especially for induc-
tion and sonic tools), hole and casing
sizes, drillpipe internal diameter and
conditions, and well conditions.
Coiled tubing logging
Coiled tubing logging (CTL) is used to
deploy wireline logging tools in holes
where they cannot naturally be
deployed on their own. These condi-
tions include deviated wells with sig-
nificant drag or where descent is not
easy. Operations are essentially the
same, with the cable permanently con-
nected to the toolstring at all time.
This is accomplished by installing an
electric line inside the coiled tubing to
transmit electrical power and control
signals to the tool and to receive data
from the toolstring. The mechanical
properties of the coiled tubing are
used to convey the wireline tools in the
wellbore. In certain applications fluid
or gas can be simultaneously pumped
through the coiled tubing while
logging.
Depth measurement
Depth measurement is critical for
wireline operations. An Integrated
Depth Wheel (IDW) provides cali-
brated absolute depth measurement.
Other downhole measurements are
valuable, but they must be secured at
the most precise point possible below
the Earths surface. Decision-makers
rely on precise depths for mapping
geologic intervals, designing comple-
tion procedures, and conducting other
related operational and financial pro-
cedures. If the depth measurement
is incorrect, incorrect geologic and
economic decisions could result.
Another important input is the ten-
sion measurement, which not only is
essential for a safe and successful log-
ging operation, but is also used to cor-
rect for cable stretch. The IDW
receives cable motion and magnetic
mark information from the depth
encoder, and cable tension informa-
tion is received from the cable tension
device. As a secondary (nonmanda-
tory) standard, the depth/tension sub-
system can initiate commands that
cause a magnetic mark to be placed on
the cable at predefined intervals (typi-
cally 100 ft if depth is being recorded
in feet or 50 m if depth is being
recorded in meters) of cable move-
ment. These marks can be read by the
system during logging to aid the preci-
sion of the depth measurement.
17
 The fastest wheel algorithm of the
IDW prevents one of the leading causes
of large depth errors, which is encoder
wheel slippage. The depth subsystem
collects cable movement information
from two encoders. The fastest wheel
algorithm compares the depth mea-
surements derived from the encoders.
If they are significantly different, the
probable amount of slip is calculated,
and this amount is added to the slower
wheels depth reading to compensate
for the slippage. The corrected depth is
then calculated.
18
The depth subsystem does not main- lower limits of the safety zones are
tain a single depth measurement that called setpoints and are provided for
is changed by the fastest wheel; it four conditions:
maintains separate measurements low tension
derived from each encoders motion high tension
and picks the more advanced one. The
top of well
depth value that is presented is an
encoder-derived measurement that bottom of well.
has been corrected for wheel error and
Winch operation is shut down auto-
slippage.
matically when any of the limits estab-
The depth/tension subsystem fea-
lished by these setpoints are exceeded.
tures alarms and winch shutdown
for specified safe operating zones of
tension and depth. The upper and
Wireline Services Catalog
Hostile
Environment
Logging

Formation evaluation technology is put
to the test when logging deep wells.
As wells get deeper, the pressure and
temperature rise, which increases the
risks associated with their evaluation.
Wells with static bottomhole tempera-
tures greater than 302F [150C],
bottomhole pressures higher than
20,000 psi [138 MPa], or both condi-
tions are generally regarded as high-
pressure, high-temperature (HPHT).
However, despite the increased risks
and costs of HPHT operations, the
number of deep and ultradeep wells
drilled continues to grow worldwide.
The challenges that the depths, pres-
sures, and temperatures of these wells
present to formation evaluation tech-
nology are met by the following signif-
icant technological developments in
conveyance and logging tool design.
Strengthening cables
When ultradeep wells are logged their
extreme depths limit the current wire-
line conveyance technology because of
the high surface tension that results
from increased drag and the weight of
the logging cable itself. Deploying log-
ging tools on drillpipe using the TLC
Tough Logging Conditions conveyance
system can overcome these limita-
tions, but TLC operations are slow and
much more costly because of the
reduced efficiency associated with
tripping drillpipe.
To solve the ultradeep well
dilemma, a stronger yet lighter weight
cable had to be developed. It would
have to support its own weight as well
as that of the logging tools it conveyed
and also overcome the high drag asso-
ciated with deep wells. Traditional
materials and manufacturing methods
could not produce sufficiently strong
cables, because they would be too
Wireline Services Catalog Hostile Environment Logging
Hostile Environment Logging
heavy to be practical for deep logging
jobs. Therefore, a new design and high-
tensile-strength materials were com-
bined to improve the cables strength
member, its armor package.
The core of the cable carries power
down to the tool and data back up to
the acquisition system. When the cable
is under high tension, its core is sub-
ject to tremendous pressure from the
armor package. A redesigned core was
also necessary to prevent it from being
crushed by high tension.
After extensive testing and design
qualification, the new cables enable
Schlumberger to safely and efficiently
log ultradeep wells on wireline. The
efficiency gains resulting from wireline
logging of ultradeep wells translate
to significant cost savings for the
operator.
Improving surface equipment
Improving surface equipment ratings
also was necessary for safe ultradeep
wireline logging. During any logging
operation, the cable experiences the
highest tension at the surface. Han-
dling high tension in a safe, efficient
manner is especially critical to the suc-
cess of an ultradeep logging job.
Surface equipment must be able to
withstand high tension and pass cur-
rent certification requirements such
as Det Norske Veritas (DNV).
Storing cable under high tension
can result in electrical core failure as
well as catastrophic storage drum fail-
ure. Tension relief systems must be
employed to reduce the extreme ten-
sion at the surface before the cable can
be safely spooled onto a storage drum.
Of the several types of systems avail-
able, the dual-drum capstan is pre-
ferred for its operational simplicity
and reliability.
The dual-drum capstan is a pulley-
type conveyance system that decreases
the cable tension before it is spooled
onto the storage drum. Full integration
of capstan control with the storage
drum provides ease of operation and
enables the winch operator to focus
on the well conditions. Positioned
between the storage drum and the
lower sheave, the dual-drum system
can relieve 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] or
more of tension at logging speeds in
excess of 20,000 ft/hr [6,100 m/h].
Enhancing telemetry
The extra-long cables required for
ultradeep well logging must be capable
of transmitting sufficient power down-
hole to run high-power, complex tool-
strings while transmitting large
amounts of data uphole to the surface.
Unfortunately, standard logging telem-
etry systems have proved to be unreli-
able at extreme depths. When long
cables are run in deep wells, nonlinear
effects such as temperature, cable ten-
sion, and geometry reduce the amount
of power that can be transmitted
downhole. These effects also change
the cable transmission characteristics,
causing unreliable telemetry perfor-
mance.
Analysis of the telemetry problems
and the application of modern digital
signal processing have resulted in the
development of telemetry systems that
compensate for the signal distortion
that occurs on long cables lowered into
a well. Improvements to the downhole
power supply now enable running
numerous complex tool combinations.
As a result, many recent deep well log-
ging jobs have been successfully run
using 36,000-ft [11,000-m] cables to
produce excellent results and data
quality.
21
Broadening tool capabilities
As a growing percentage of the total
wells drilled, HPHT wells require eval-
uation tools that usually must exceed
the limits of previous standard pres-
sure and temperature criteria. The
typical 20,000-psi pressure limit of
standard logging tools is usually sur-
passed as well depths exceed 20,000 ft
[6,100 m]. High pressures and temper-
atures both affect logging tool sensor
response. Extreme HPHT conditions
can have different effects on each of
the many different sensors in a tool-
string. Each sensor must be modified
for increased pressure and tempera-
ture limits and improved capabilities.
In many cases, the logging tool
sonde is compensated for pressure, but
its electronics are not. The sonde con-
tains the sensors along with minimal
electronics and other hardware com-
ponents for obtaining the downhole
formation measurements. Electronics
that are contained in cartridges pro-
vide sonde control and power for the
sensors. The cartridge electronics also
digitize the data received from the sen-
sors for transmission uphole to the sur-
face. Elastomer seals protect both the
sensors and electronics in the car-
tridges from crushing pressures. Just
a small leak in one of the many seals
of a modern logging string can flood
the entire string and prevent it from
operating.
Extreme bottomhole temperatures
also challenge the electronic compo-
nents used in the design of logging
tools. As the temperature increases,
the life expectancy of the electronic
components reduces exponentially.
Temperature increases that occur
inside a logging tool originate from two
sources: heat flow from the outside
environment and heat generated inter-
nally from power consumption. During
the last decade, reduced demand for
high-temperature electronics has vir-
tually eliminated 350F [177C] inte-
grated circuits as an option for logging
tool design. As a result, most new log-
ging tools are now rated to 302F.
22
Using a Dewar flask provides one
solution for HPHT logging tools that
contain modern electronics. The flask
insulates the electronics from high
borehole temperatures and also
increases the pressure ratings for log-
ging tools. Although it is relatively
simple to flask cartridge electronics,
the sensors and electronics in the
sonde must be able to withstand the
full temperature and pressure ranges
of the well.
The Xtreme and SlimXtreme logging
platforms incorporate technological
developments that meet the chal-
lenges of HPHT logging. The sensors
and sondes of the strings are designed
to provide quad-combo measurements
that are identical in quality and stan-
dards to those of the Platform Express*
suite but from extreme well environ-
ments. The Xtreme platform operates
in boreholes from 578 to 20 in. [14.92
to 50.8 cm] at 500F [260C] and
25,000 psi [172 MPa]. The SlimXtreme
platform operates in boreholes from
378 to 9 in. [9.84 to 22.86 cm] at 500F
and 30,000 psi [207 MPa].
The shock and vibration specifica-
tions of the Xtreme and SlimXtreme
logging platforms are identical to those
of the Platform Express platform for
enhanced reliability in extreme envi-
ronments. Conveyance is on the TLC
system or in combination with various
knuckle joints and centralizers
depending on the borehole conditions.
Sidewall coring tools and fluid sam-
pling and pressure testing tools have
also been modified for HPHT opera-
tions. High pressures and tempera-
tures greatly increase the challenges
associated with formation coring and
fluid sampling because these special-
ized tools require more electronics
exposure to wellbore temperatures and
pressures. Their many moving parts
also must operate over wide ranges of
pressure and temperature. Additional
safety concerns are involved when han-
dling highly pressurized fluid sample
chambers at the surface.
Specially designed seals are neces-
sary for HPHT fluid sampling. The use
of advanced seal technology to avoid
the loss of seal integrity is crucial for
the safe return of samples to the sur-
face without compromising the quality
of reservoir fluid samples at near-reser-
voir conditions for subsequent labora-
tory analysis. On one descent into a
well, the MDT* Modular Formation
Dynamics Tester can acquire multiple
samples of formation fluids and pres-
sure measurements at hydrostatic
pressures to 25,000 psi and bottomhole
temperatures to 400F [204C].
The MDT tool can also be used to
monitor the level of filtrate contamina-
tion while formation fluids are pumped
out of the formation and into the bore-
hole. Software continuously monitors
the level of contamination to predict
how long formation fluids must be
pumped into the borehole before the
desired level of contamination is
reached. This information is used to
optimize the sampling program in real
time, which saves rig time.
Looking toward the future
Wireline conveyance and formation
measurement technologies are contin-
ually developed to meet the challenges
of deep, HPHT environments. Another
deep well issue is smaller borehole
sizes, which commonly are less than
the published minimum size for some
downhole tools. The slimhole design of
the SlimXtreme well logging platform
provides the latest formation evalua-
tion technology for small-diameter
ultradeep boreholes while exceeding
the HPHT rating of the Xtreme plat-
form. Numerous formation measure-
ments are integrated in the 3-in.
[7.62-cm] diameter tool string for run-
ning in ultradeep wells with diameters
as small as 378 in. [9.84 cm]. The
SlimXtreme platform provides real-
time wellsite answers based on high-
quality data similar to those of standard
logging tools.
Wireline Services Catalog
Logging Platforms
and Suites

Platform Express integrated wireline
logging technology is a revolutionary
milestone in wireline logging. Com-
pared with the traditional triple-
combo, Platform Express logging is
faster and more cost effective because
it requires significantly less time from
rig-up to delivery of the final answer.
The Platform Express equipment is
less than half the length of the triple-
comborequiring less ratholeand
it weighs about half as much. By using
integrated sensors and innovative
technology to improve pad contact,
the Platform Express platform deliv-
ers high-resolution imaging measure-
ments that are depth matched and
speed corrected in real time.
The Platform Express toolstring
includes either the AIT* Array
Induction Imager Tool or High-
Resolution Azimuthal Laterolog Sonde
(HALS) as the resistivity tool. The
Three-Detector Lithology Density
(TLD) tool and Micro-Cylindrically
Focused Log (MCFL) are housed in
the High-Resolution Mechanical Sonde
(HRMS) powered caliper. Above the
HRMS are a compensated thermal
neutron and gamma ray in the Highly
Integrated Gamma Ray Neutron Sonde
(HGNS) and a single-axis acceler-
ometer.
Wireline Services Catalog Logging Platforms and Suites
Platform Express
Integrated Wireline Logging
Numerous innovative features are
integrated in the Platform Express
toolstring. The specially designed TLD
skid reduces hole rugosity effects
through improved pad application. HGNS
The integrated hardware and software
of the sensors improves system relia-
bility. The real-time speed correction
provided by the single-axis accelerom-
eter for sensor measurements enables
accurate depth matching of all sen-
sors even if the tool cannot move
smoothly while recording data. The
resistivity, density, and microresis-
tivity measurements are high reso-
lution. Logging speed is 3,600 ft/hr
[1,097 m/h], which is twice the speed
at which a standard triple-combo is
run.
Applications
Reservoir delineation
Hydrocarbon saturation HRMS
determination and imaging
Movable-hydrocarbon
determination
Location of porous and permeable
zones
Gas detection
Porosity analysis
Lithology determination
Well-to-well correlation
Thin-bed analysis
HALS AIT
25
Measurement Specifications
Platform Express Toolstring
Output HGNS: Gamma ray, neutron porosity, tool acceleration
HRMS: Bulk density, photoelectric factor (PEF), borehole caliper, microresistivity
HALS: Laterolog resistivity, spontaneous potential (SP), mud resistivity (Rm)
AIT: Induction resistivity, SP, Rm
Logging speed 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Mud weight or type limitations None
Combinability Bottom-only toolstring, combinable with most tools above
Special applications Good-quality data in sticky or rugose holes
Measurement close to the bottom of the well

Platform Express Component Specifications

HGNS HRMS HALS AIT-H and AIT-M
Output Gamma ray, Bulk density, PEF, Laterolog, Induction resistivity,
neutron porosity, borehole caliper, resistivity, Rm SP, Rm
tool acceleration microresistivity
Range of measurement Gamma ray: 0 to 1,000 gAPI Bulk density: 1.04 to 3.3 g/cm3 0.2 to 40,000 ohm-m 0.1 to 2000 ohm-m
Neutron porosity: 0 to 60 p.u. PEF: 0.9 to 10
Caliper: 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Vertical resolution Gamma ray: 12 in. [30.48 cm] Bulk density: 18 in. [45.72 cm] Standard resolution: 1, 2, and 4 ft
Porosity: 12 in. [30.48 cm] in 6-in. [15.24-cm] borehole 18 in. [45.72 cm] [0.30, 0.61, and 1.22 m]
High resolution:
8 in. [20.32 cm]
in 6-in. [15.24-cm]
borehole
Accuracy Gamma ray: 5% Bulk density: 0.01 g/cm3 (accuracy), 1 to 2,000 ohm-m: 5% Resistivities: 0.75 ms/m
Porosity: 0 to 20 p.u. = 1 p.u. 0.025 g/cm3 (repeatability) (conductivity) or 2%
30 p.u. = 2 p.u. Caliper: 0.1 in. [0.25 cm] (accuracy), (whichever is greater)
45 p.u. = 6 p.u. 0.05 in. [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
Depth of investigation Gamma ray: 24 in. [61.0 cm] Density: 5 in. [12.70 cm] 32 in. [81 cm] (varies AO/AT/AF10: 10 in. [25.40 cm]
Porosity: ~9 in. [~23 cm] with formation and AO/AT/AF20: 20 in. [50.80 cm]
(varies with hydrogen mud resistivities) AO/AT/AF30: 30 in. [76.20 cm]
index of formation) AO/AT/AF60: 60 in. [152.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF90: 90 in. [228.60 cm]
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 4.77 in. [12.11 cm] 3.625 in. [9.21 cm] 3.875 in. [9.84 cm]
Length 10.85 ft [3.31 m] 12.3 ft [3.75 m] 16 ft [4.88 m] 16 ft [4.88 m]
Weight 171.7 lbm [78 kg] 313 lbm [142 kg] 221 lbm [100 kg] AIT-H: 255 lbm [116 kg]
AIT-M: 282 lbm [128 kg]
AO = 1-ft [0.30-m] vertical resolution, AT = 2-ft [0.61-m] vertical resolution, AF = 4-ft [1.22-m] vertical resolution

26 Wireline Services Catalog


The Xtreme logging platform provides
measurements for formation evalua-
tion in high-pressure and high-
temperature, hostile environments
through the use of rugged, reliable
sensors that deliver high-quality data.
Rated to 500F [260C] and 25,000 psi
[172 MPa], sensors featuring the lat-
est technology are integrated into one
wireline string that can log wells as
deep as 30,000 ft [9,144 m]. A full
range of tool accessories, set of com-
prehensive measurements, and
Xtreme job planner software further
facilitate the measurement of critical
formation evaluation data in challeng-
ing logging environments.
The Xtreme system consists of the
following components:
Hostile Environment Integrated
Telemetry and Gamma Ray Cart-
ridge (HTGC) includes an acceler-
ometer cartridge that supports
real-time speed correction for all
Xtreme measurements and moni-
tors the bottomhole temperature.
Hostile Environment Natural
Gamma Ray Sonde (HNGS) pro-
vides measurements of total gam-
ma ray, gamma ray corrected for
uranium, as well as individual con-
centrations of thorium, uranium,
and potassium in the formation.
Hostile Environment Accelerator
Porosity Sonde (HAPS) uses a neu-
tron generator to provide neutron
porosity with environmentally cor-
rected formation capture cross
section for clay indication, grain-
size estimation, and salinity com-
putation.
Logging Platforms and Suites
Xtreme HPHT
Logging Platform
Hostile Environment Lithology
Density Sonde (HLDS) measures
formation bulk density and photo-
electric factor using full spectral
data from a two-detector array. HTGC
Hostile Environment Sonic Logging HNGS
Tool (HSLT) delivers robust forma-
tion borehole-compensated (BHC) HAPS
or depth-derived borehole compen-
sated (DDBHC) slowness with full
waveform recording. It also pro-
vides cement bond and Variable
Density* logs in cased holes.
Hostile Environment Induction
Imager Tool (HIT) provides the
same high-quality resistivity mea-
surements as the standard AIT
tool. Real-time measurement of
mud resistivity complements the
computation of tool standoff for
precise borehole environmental
correction.
HLDS
Applications
In situ formation resistivity (Rt)
with array induction
Formation evaluation and lithology
identification
Borehole geometry
High wellbore pressures and
temperatures HSLT
HIT
27
Mechanical Specifications
HTGC HNGS HAPS HLDS HSLT HIT
Temperature rating 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 434 in. [12.07 cm] 4 34 in. [12.07 cm] 5 78 in. [14.92 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 434 in. [12.07 cm] 478 in. [12.38 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit 21 in. [53.34 cm] 20 in. [50.8 cm] 20 in. [50.8 cm] 20 in. [50.8 cm]
Outer diameter 3.75 in. [9.53 cm] 3.75 in. [9.53 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 3.5 in. [8.89 cm] 3.875 in. [9.84 cm] 3.875 in. [9.84 cm]
Length 10.67 ft [3.25 m] 11.7 ft [3.57 m] 16 ft [4.88 m] 12.58 ft [3.83 m] 25.5 ft [7.77 m] 29.2 ft [8.90 m]
Weight 265 lbm [120 kg] 276 lbm [125 kg] 400 lbm [181 lbm] 402 lbm [182 kg] 440 lbm [199 kg] 625 lbm [283 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [22,410 N] 50,000 lbf [22,410 N] 30,000 lbf [133,450 N] 29,700 lbf [132,110 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
Compression 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 23,000 lbf [102,310 N] 15,000 lbf [66,720 N] 5,000 lbf [22,240 N] BHC HSLS-W sonde: 6,000 lbf [26,690 N]
2,870 lbf [12,770 N]
DDBHC HSLS-Z sonde:
1,650 lbf [7,340 N]
Holding time at 500F 12 hr 10 hr 4 hr 5 hr 5 hr 12 hr
Makeup length
BHC sonde

In logging conditions with tool powered

Hostile Environment Accelerator Porosity Sonde Measurement Specifications

HAPS
Output Neutron porosity, formation sigma, tool standoff
Logging speed Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
High speed: 3,600 ft/hr [1097 m/h]
Range of measurement Neutron porosity: 0 to 60 p.u.
Vertical resolution 14 in. [35.56 cm]
Tool standoff: not applicable
Accuracy <7 p.u.: 0.5 p.u.
7 to 30 p.u.: 7%
30 to 60 p.u.: 10%
Sigma: 1 cu [0.1/m]
Depth of investigation 7 in. [17.78 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Special applications H2S service

Hostile Environment Lithology Density Sonde Measurement Specifications

HLDS
Output Formation density, PEF, caliper
Logging speed Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
High speed: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement Density: 2 to 3 g/cm3
Porosity: 0 to 60 p.u.
PEF: 1 to 6
Caliper: 16 in. [40.64 cm]
Vertical resolution Density, porosity, and PEF: 15 in. [38.10 cm]
Accuracy Density: 0.01 g/cm3
PEF: 6%
Caliper: 0.25 in. [0.64 cm]
Depth of investigation Density, porosity, and PEF: 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations Density and PEF sensitive to barite
Special applications H2S service

28 Wireline Services Catalog

Hostile Environment Sonic Logging Tool Measurement Specifications
HSLT
Output Compressional integral traveltime (Dt)
Logging speed 3,600 ft/h [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement 40 to 180 ms/ft [131 to 590 ms/m]
Vertical resolution 12 in. [30.48 cm]
Accuracy 2 ms/ft [6.6 ms/m]
Depth of investigation 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Special applications H2S service

Hostile Environment Induction Imager Tool Measurement Specifications

HIT
Output 10-, 20-, 30-, 60-, and 90-in. [25.40-, 50.80-, 76.20-, 152.40-,
and 228.60-cm] resistivity
Logging speed 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Resistivity 0.1 to 2000 ohm-m
Vertical resolution 1, 2, and 4 ft [0.30, 0.61, and 1.22 m]
Accuracy 0.75 mS/m or 2% (whichever is greater)
Depth of investigation AHT10: 10 in. [25.40 cm]
AHT20: 20 in. [50.80 cm]
AHT30: 30 in. [76.20 cm]
AHT60: 60 in. [152.40 cm]
AHT90: 90 in. [228.60 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations Some salt-saturated muds may be outside the induction
tool operating range
Special applications H2S service

Logging Platforms and Suites 29

IPL Integrated
Porosity Lithology
The IPL* Integrated Porosity
Lithology tool (IPLT) is a nuclear
measurement string. It provides an
integrated measurement of various
petrophysical parameters of the for-
mation, such as neutron porosity, bulk
density, photoelectric factor, and
gamma ray as well as gamma ray com-
ponents. With recent enhancements
made to the acquisition electronics,
the individual components of the tool-
string can also be run stand-alone.
The integrated string comprises the
following sensors:
Hostile Environment Natural
Gamma Ray Sonde (HNGS) fea-
tures a set of detectors with
increased sensitivity that provides
a better statistical response to the
formation gamma rays. The result
is improved spectral analysis over
that of previous tools. The improve-
ment in measurement also results
from the use of two detectors
instead of one. The HNGS can log
at a faster speed than other tools
that measure formation natural
gamma ray emissions. Its 500F
[260C] temperature rating makes
it suitable for operations in hot
borehole environments.
APS* Accelerator Porosity Sonde
uses an electronic neutron source
instead of a chemical source. The
large yield of the neutron source
enables the use of epithermal
neutron detection and borehole
shielding. As a result, porosity mea-
surement is affected only mini-
mally by the borehole environment
and formation characteristics, such
30
as lithology and salinity. Five detec-
tors provide information for poros-
ity evaluation, gas detection, shale
evaluation, improvement of verti-
cal resolution, and borehole cor-
rection. The measurements can be
performed in both cased and open-
holes.
Litho-Density* Sonde (LDS) mea-
sures formation bulk density and
photoelectric factor. The gamma
ray source and two detectors are
pad mounted. Magnetic shielding
and high-speed electronics ensure
excellent measurement stability.
The LDS records the full-pulse-
height gamma ray spectra from
both detectors and processes them
into windows. Bulk density and
photoelectric cross section are
derived conventionally from the
windows counts with enhanced
quality control.
Applications
Evaluation of formation porosity
and lithology
Evaluation of formation bulk den-
sity and photoelectric factor
Determination of total formation
gamma ray and uranium-corrected
gamma ray
Gas identification
Formation sigma
Wireline Services Catalog
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Special applications
Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
IPL Component Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
Logging Platforms and Suites
IPLT
Formation bulk density, PEF, gamma ray, porosity, caliper
Min. 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
See measurement specifications for individual tools
See measurement specifications for individual tools
See measurement specifications for individual tools
See measurement specifications for individual tools
HNGS: In potassium chloride (KCl) mud, the KCl content must
be known. Density and PEF readings are affected by barite.
H2S service
IPLT
350F [177C]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
6 in. [15.24 cm]
21 in. [53.34 cm]
4.5 in. [11.43 cm]
40.5 ft [12.34 m]
845 lbm [383 kg]
HNGS APS Sonde LDS
500F [260C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
25,000 psi [172 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 34 in. [12.07 cm] 4 58 in. [11.75 cm] 5 12 in. [13.97 cm]
No limit 21 in. [53.34 cm] 21 in. [53.34 cm]
3.75 in. [9.53 cm] 3.625 in. [9.40 cm] 4.5 in. [11.43 cm]
11.7 ft [3.57 m] 13 ft [3.96 m] 11 ft [3.35 m]
276 lbm [125 kg] 222 lbm [101 kg] 292 lbm [132 kg]
50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 30,000 lbf [133,450 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N] 23,000 lbf [102,310 N] 5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
31
SlimAccess Logging for Slim
and Complex Geometry Boreholes
The SlimAccess* logging platform pro- Slim Array Induction Imager Tool
vides a complete formation evaluation (SAIT) provides the same high-
solution in slim boreholes with com- quality resistivity measurements as
STGC plex trajectory. Its flexibility ensures the standard AIT tool. Real-time
logging performance in reentry, multi- measurement of mud resistivity
lateral, and extended-reach wells. The complements the computation of
212-in. [6.35-cm] diameter SlimAccess tool standoff for precise borehole
toolstring provides array induction environmental correction.
resistivity, array sonic, array density,
compensated neutron, and gamma ray
measurements with data accuracy Applications
SCNT
and reliability similar to those of stan- Quad-combo formation
dard tools in borehole sizes as small evaluation in
as 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] and in wellbores Slimhole wells
with medium to high dogleg severity.
All recorded data are corrected both Multilateral wells
for irregular tool motion and environ- Extended-reach wells
SLDT
mental effects. Reentry wells
The SlimAccess system consists of
the following component tools:
Contingency through-drillpipe
logging
Slim Telemetry Gamma Ray Underbalanced through-tubing
Cartridge (STGC) includes an logging
accelerometer cartridge that sup-
ports real-time speed correction
Coiled tubing and drillpipe-
for all SlimAccess measurements. conveyed logging
Slim Compensated Neutron Tool
(SCNT) provides neutron porosity
measurement and is completely char-
SSLT acterized for different lithologies.
Slim Array Sonic Tool (SSLT) pro-
vides a high-resolution slowness
measurement and also Cement
Bond Log (CBL) and Variable
Density log (VDL) measurements
in cased hole.
Slim Array Litho-Density Tool
(SLDT) is equipped with a pow-
ered caliper sonde, provides a
SAIT robust density measurement from
three detectors, and also measures
the photoelectric factor.

32 Wireline Services Catalog

Mechanical Specifications
STGC SCNT SSLT SLDT SAIT
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 3 34 in. [9.53 cm] 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit 12 in. [30.48 cm] 8 in. [20.32 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm]
Outer diameter 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 2.75 in. [6.99 cm] 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 2.75 in. [6.99 cm]
with 0.25-in. [0.64-cm]
standoff
Length 7.64 ft [2.33 m] 18.4 ft [5.61 m] 23.1 ft [7.04 m] 14.9 ft [4.54 m] 23.6 ft [7.19 m]
Weight 71 lbm [32 kg] 254 lbm [115 kg] 232 lbm [105 kg] 159 lbm [72 kg] 238 lbm [108 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 68,000 lbf [302,480 N] 13,000 lbf [57,830 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
Compression 17,000 lbf [75,620 N] 9,600 lbf [42,700 N] 4,400 lbf [19,570 N] 14,000 lbf [62,270 N] 3,300 lbf [14,680 N]
Special applications H2S service H2S service H2S service H2S service H2S service
Total SlimAccess string length: 104.25 ft [31.77 m]
Total SlimAccess string weight: 1,027 lbm [466 kg]

Logging Platforms and Suites 33

SlimXtreme Slimhole
HPHT Service
The SlimXtreme slimhole HPHT well
logging platform provides reliable for-
mation evaluation data in hostile
drilling environments. The integra-
tion of durable sensors rated to high
pressures and temperatures, slimhole
design, and a full range of accessories
results in high-quality data for real-
time wellsite answers. The advanced
engineering of the 3-in. [7.62-cm]
packaged SlimXtreme profile com-
bines AIT resistivity, digital borehole-
compensated sonic, bulk density,
thermal neutron porosity, and gamma
ray tools for one trip into the bore-
hole. High-speed logging is at 3,600
ft/hr [1,097 m/h], with standard mode
at 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]. The compo-
nent tools use advanced wireline digi-
tal telemetry rated to the same
pressure and temperature as the com-
plete SlimXtreme platform and capa-
ble of data transmission through
wireline cables as long as 36,000 ft
[10,970 m].
SlimXtreme Array Induction
Imager Tool (QAIT) has five depths
of investigation, and its three verti-
cal resolution measurements are of
the same high quality as those
recorded with conventional AIT
tools. The tool output is fully cor-
rected for borehole and environ-
mental effects, so the computed
values of water resistivity and satu-
ration, invasion profile, and true
and invaded zone resistivities pro-
vide a good characterization of the
reservoir. Real-time measurement
of mud resistivity complements the
computation of tool standoff for
precise borehole environmental
correction.
34
SlimXtreme Sonic Logging Tool
(QSLT) is a monopole tool that
uses a digital algorithm for detect-
ing first arrival to deliver robust
BHC formation slowness (3 to 5 ft
[0.91 to 1.52 m] or 5 to 7 ft [1.52 to
2.13 m]). CBL, attenuation, and
Variable Density cement bond
quality logs can be recorded to
evaluate cemented casing. The
CBL features a 1-ft [30-cm]
receiver measurement for cement
bond evaluation in extremely fast
formations.
SlimXtreme Litho-Density Tool
(QLDT) measures formation den-
sity and photoelectric factor using
full spectral data from a three-
detector array. The QLDT controls
the electronics of a bowspring-type
caliper (QSCS), which provides
eccentralization force as well as a
caliper measurement in both up
and down logging directions.
SlimXtreme Compensated Neutron
Porosity Tool (QCNT) delivers the
same high-quality, environmentally
corrected porosity data as those
from the traditional CNL* Com-
pensated Neutron Log.
SlimXtreme Telemetry and Gamma
Ray Cartridge (QTGC) includes an
integrated accelerometer to pro-
vide real-time speed correction
for all SlimXtreme measurements.
The cartridge also performs real-
time monitoring of the mud tem-
perature.
Wireline Services Catalog
Applications
Quad-combo formation evaluation in
Slimhole wells
Extreme pressure and tempera-
ture environments
Multilateral wells
Extended-reach wells
Reentry wells
Contingency through-drillpipe (min-
imum 3.5-in. [8.89-cm] inner diame-
ter [ID]) logging
Drillpipe-conveyed logging

Mechanical Specifications
QAIT QSLT QLDT QCNT QTGC
Temperature rating 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 3 78 in. [9.84 cm] 3 78 in. [10.16 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 20 in. [50.80 cm] 8 in. [20.32 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] 10 in. [25.40 cm] No limit
Outer diameter 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Length 30.8 ft [9.39 m] 23 ft [7.01 m] 14.7 ft [4.48 m] 11.9 ft [3.63 m] 10.67 ft [3.25 m]
with inline centralizer:
29.9 ft [9.11 m]
Weight 499 lbm [226 kg] 270 lbm [122 kg] 253 lbm [115 kg] 191 lbm [87 kg] 180 lbm [82 kg]
Holding time at 500F [260C] 8 hr 5 hr 5 hr 8 hr 8 hr
In logging conditions with tool powered

Logging Platforms and Suites 35

PS Platform Production
Services Platform
The PS Platform* integrated produc-
tion services platform performs in
vertical, horizontal, or any angle of
borehole deviation to provide three-
phase flow profiles and production
monitoring or diagnostic information.
Measurement capability is in both real-
time and memory modes.
The following tools and their mea-
surements constitute the PS Platform
basic string:
Platform Basic Measurement Sonde
(PBMS) houses the gamma ray and
casing collar locator (CCL) for cor-
relation and also measures pressure
(with either a Sapphire* or quartz
pressure gauge) and temperature.
Flow-Caliper Imaging Sonde
(PFCS) measures the average fluid
velocity, water and hydrocarbon
holdups, and bubble counts from
four independent probes. It also
provides dual-axis (x-y) caliper mea-
surements and relative-bearing
measurements. The bubble count
image is used to identify the first
fluid entry.
Gradiomanometer* Sonde (PGMS)
measures the average density of the
wellbore fluid, from which the
water, oil, and gas holdups are
derived. Accelerometer measure-
ments provide deviation correction
for the measured fluid density.
36
Additional services can be com-
bined with the PS Platform toolstring:
PS Platform Inline Spinner (PILS)
can be used in high-flow-rate envi-
ronments to determine fluid velocity.
PS Platform UNIGAGE* Carrier
Sonde (PUCS) is run if data from
two pressure gauges (Sapphire and
quartz gauges) are required.
GHOST* Gas Holdup Optical Sensor
Tool uses optical sensing technology
to directly detect and quantify gas
in multiphase flows.
FloView Plus* holdup measurement
tool is an imaging tool that helps
identify the flow regime and mea-
sures holdup.
RSTPro* Reservoir Saturation Tool
provides sigma, carbon/oxygen (C/O)
ratio, water flow, three-phase
holdup, and spectrometry logging.
SCMT* Slim Cement Mapping Tool
is a 11116-in. [4.29-cm] sonic tool
that produces an eight-segment
cement map and conventional 3-ft
[0.91-m] CBL and 5-ft [1.52-m]
Variable Density log displays.
PS Platform Multifinger Imaging
Tool (PMIT) makes internal casing
or tubing condition measurements
from multiple caliper measure-
ments around the casing or tubing.
Memory logging is conducted by
including a battery package to store
data in memory downhole
Typical PS Platform production log-
ging strings are configured for the well
position and number of production
phases:
Vertical well configuration
Single- or two-phase production
or single-phase injection: Basic
toolstring with optional PGMS
Three-phase production: Basic
toolstring with GHOST tool and
PGMS
High-angle or horizontal well con-
figuration
Single-phase production: Basic
toolstring
Two- or three-phase production:
Basic toolstring with FloView
or GHOST tool
Applications
Three-phase production logging
Vertical and deviated wells
Well monitoring during perforating
operations (memory mode)
Formation stimulation evaluation
Depth correlation
Reservoir and production
monitoring
Transient analysis
Short periods of multiple-layer
testing
Wireline Services Catalog
 PBMS

PGMS

PUCS-A

CCL-N GHOST-A

PMIT-A
PILS-A

RST-A

FloView and
FloView Plus

PFCS

SCMT-BB

Logging Platforms and Suites 37

Measurement Specifications
PBMS
Output Gamma ray, CCL, pressure
(Sapphire or quartz gauge),
temperature, relative bearing,
tool acceleration
Logging speed Depends on the application
Range of measurement Sapphire gauge: 1 to 10,000 psi
[6,895 Pa to 69 MPa]
Quartz gauge: 15 to 15,000 psi
[0.1 to 103 MPa]
Temperature: 13 to 302F
[25 to 150C]
Vertical resolution Point of measurement
Accuracy Sapphire gauge: 6 psi
[41,370 Pa] (accuracy),
0.1 psi [689 Pa] (resolution)
Quartz gauge: (1 psi [6,894 Pa]
+ 0.01% of full scale) (accuracy),
0.01 psi [69 Pa] (resolution)
Temperature: 1.8F [1C] (accuracy),
0.01F [0.018C] (resolution)
Depth of investigation Borehole
Mud type or weight limitations None
Special applications Exceeds National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) standards for H2S resistance
Mechanical Specifications
PBMS
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 38 in. [6.03 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
Length 8.27 ft [2.52 m]
Weight 38.3 lbm [17.4 kg]
For high-temperature applications, see Production Logging Services chapter.
Minimum tubing size
38
PFCS
Fluid velocity, caliper
Variable
Spinner: 0.5 to 200 rps
Caliper: 2 to 11 in. [5.08 to
27.94 cm] (diameter)
Point of measurement
Caliper: 0.2 in. [5.1 mm]
(accuracy), 0.04 in. [1.0 mm]
on diameter (resolution)
Borehole
None
PFCS
302F [150C] 302F [150C]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 38 in. [6.03 cm] 2 38 in. [6.03 cm]
11 in. [27.94 cm]
1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
5.14 ft [1.57 m]
19.7 lbm [8.9 kg]
PGMS GHOST Tool
Fluid density Gas holdup, bubble size,
caliper, relative bearing
Depends on the application Depends on the application
0 to 2.0 g/cm3 Gas holdup: 0 to 100%
Caliper: 2 to 9 in. [5.08 to 22.86 cm]
15 in. [38.10 cm] Point of measurement
0.04 g/cm3 (accuracy), Gas holdup between 2% and
0.002 g/cm3 (resolution) 98%: 1% (otherwise without
probe protector: 5%, with
probe protector: 7%)
Caliper: 0.20 in. [5.1 mm]
Borehole Borehole
Measurement not valid None
in horizontal wells
PGMS GHOST Tool
302F [150C]
15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 in. [5.08 cm]
No limit 9 in. [22.86 cm]
1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.71 in. [4.34 cm]
4.8 ft [1.46 m] 7.1 ft [2.16 m]
29.5 lbm [13.4 kg] 28.4 lbm [12.9 kg]
RSTPro Tool
Sigma, porosity, C/O ratio,
spectrometry, WFL* Water
Flow Log, three-phase holdup
Depends on the application
Sigma: 0 to 60 c.u. [0 to 6.0/m]
Capture mode: 0 to 60%
(uncorrected)
15 in. [38.10 cm]
Based on formation, casing,
and borehole characteristics
10 in. [25.40 cm]
None
RSTPro Tool
302F [150C] 302F [150C]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
RST-C: 1 1316 in. [4.60 cm] 2 38 in. [6.03 cm]
RST-D: 2 78 in. [7.30 cm]
RST-C: 7 58 in. [19.37 cm]
RST-D: 9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
RST-C: 1.71 in. [4.34 cm]
RST-D: 2.51 in. [6.37 cm]
RST-C: 23.0 ft [7.01 m]
RST-D: 22.2 ft [6.77 m]
RST-C: 101 lbm [46 kg]
RST-D: 208 lbm [94 kg]
Wireline Services Catalog
SCMT Tool
CBL amplitude, Variable
Density log, cement map
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
VDL window length: 1200 ms
Firing center accuracy: 20 kHz
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
Cement map: 2 ft [0.61 m]
CBL: 2% (repeatability)
CBL and cement map:
Casing to cement bond
None
SCMT Tool
10,000 psi [69 MPa]
7 in. [17.78 cm]
1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
11 ft [3.35 m]
50 lbm [23 kg]

PL Flagship* advanced well flow diag-
nosis service is a unique integrated
approach for the evaluation of hori-
zontal wells. Stratified flow, downflow,
water sumps, oil and gas traps, and
three-phase flow are all concerns in
horizontal wells. Imaging tools are
necessary to identify multiphase flow
regimes. Sensors must measure phase
velocities and detailed holdups across
the flow. No single technique can pro-
vide a robust interpretation in these
wells, and further complications are
posed by uncemented completions,
annular flow, and failed packers.
PL Flagship production logging has the
capability to address all these issues.
The PL Flagship system consists of
the following components:
CPLT* Combinable Production
Logging Tool provides the pressure
and temperature measurements
required to convert surface mea-
surements of oil, gas, or both to
downhole conditions.
Combinable Gamma Ray Sonde
(CGRS) makes gamma ray mea-
surements for correlation to open-
hole logs on the same well or
surrounding wells.
RST* Reservoir Saturation Tool
measures the three-phase holdup
and provides water flow and phase
velocity logs.
Logging Platforms and Suites
PL Flagship
Production Logging
FloView Plus imaging tool records
holdup images and bubble velocity.
Tracer Ejector Tool (TET) ejects a Gamma ray
nonradioactive marker for phase
velocity measurement in conjunc-
tion with the RST tool.
PFCS measures the area of the
borehole in an openhole comple-
tion for computing accurate fluid
volumes downhole and also mea-
sures the total fluid velocity.
Deployment of the PL Flagship
toolstring in highly deviated or hori-
zontal wells requires a coiled tubing
system or a tractor for conveyance.
RST
Applications
Conclusive identification of water,
oil, and gas entry points
Accurate two- and three-phase flow
profile determination
Production logging answers in hor-
izontal, deviated, and vertical wells FloView Plus
Measurement of downhole oil, gas,
and water holdups
Measurement of individual-phase
velocities
Quantitative production logging FloView
and evaluation in horizontal wells
Quantitative area measurement of
openhole completions
Manometer
Thermometer
Tracer Ejector Tool
Fluid velocity
Fullbore spinner
39
Mechanical Specifications
CPLT Tool CGRS RST Tool FloView Plus Tool TET PFCS
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C]
With flask: With flask:
400F [204C] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
With flask:
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 18 in. [5.40 cm] 11316 in. [4.61 cm] 11316 in. [4.60 cm] 2 in. [5.08 cm] 11316 in. [4.60 cm] 11316 in. [4.60 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit 7 58 in. [19.37 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] 11 in. [27.94 cm]
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.71 in. [4.34 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 11116 in. [4.29 cm]
With rollers: 2 18 in. [5.4 cm]
Length 2.9 ft [0.88 m] 3.2 ft [0.97 m] 23.0 ft [7.01 m] 12.9 ft [3.93 m] 6.75 ft [2.06 m] 5.14 ft [1.57 m]
Weight 11 lbm [5 kg] 16 lbm [7 kg] 101 lbm [46 kg] 58 lbm [26 kg] 16 lbm [7 kg] 19.7 lbm [8.9 kg]

40 Wireline Services Catalog

 ABC Analysis Behind Casing

Since first logging an openhole well

in 1927, Schlumberger has used
advanced technology to acquire
essential reservoir data. Today the
same high-quality formation evalua-
tion measurements can be made in
cased holes. ABC* Analysis Behind
Casing services satisfy three primary
requirements for operators:
Obtaining essential well log data
under any conditionsIf the well
DSI transmitter and
being drilled has, or is expected to isolation joint
have, hole stability problems, the
operators may prefer to case the
well as soon as it is drilled.
Formation evaluation, which until
recently could be performed only
in openhole, can now be performed
in cased hole.
Finding and evaluating bypassed
payLarge amounts of bypassed
hydrocarbons exist in old wells. It
is considerably more cost effective,
and often more environmentally
friendly, to explore for those hid- RST-A
den hydrocarbons in old wells
rather than to drill new wells.
Optimizing reservoir manage-
mentFormation evaluation mea-
surements made in representative CHFR
old wells in a reservoir, whether
one time or a time-lapse series, can
greatly assist efficient manage-
ment of the reservoir.
ABC evaluation of formation petro-
physical properties such as formation
density, porosity, and acoustic proper-
ties in cased wells is even more signif-
icant in wells for which primary
evaluation data were lost, of poor qual-
ity, or never acquired. In old wells, an
operator may want to reevaluate the
formation with measurements that
were unavailable at the time the well
was drilled. ABC services enable
applying the latest formation evalua-
tion technology in wells that were CHDT

Logging Platforms and Suites 41

drilled decades ago. It is no longer nec-
essary to drill new wells in existing
fields solely for the purpose of data
gathering.
ABC services do not end with opti-
mal data acquisition. The data are
processed and interpreted to provide a
total solution for efficient operations,
enhanced production, and extension of
the economic life of an asset. ABC
services can provide comprehensive
formation evaluation under most con-
ditions. Because they are a suite of ser-
vices rather than a single platform,
measurements can be chosen on the
basis of objectives, type of formation,
type of completion, borehole environ-
ment, lithology, reservoir dynamics,
and the availability of primary evalua-
tion data.
ABC components are as follows:
CHFR-Plus* Cased Hole Formation
Resistivity tool makes direct, deep-
reading formation resistivity mea-
surements through casing and
cement. The concept of measuring
resistivity through casing is not new,
but recent breakthroughs in down-
hole electronics and electrode
design have made these challenging
measurements possible. Now the
same basic measurements can be
compared for open- and cased
holes, thereby eliminating the
errors caused by comparing differ-
ent types of measurements.
RSTPro Reservoir Saturation Tool
makes both formation sigma and
C/O ratio measurements. In forma-
tions with high-salinity formation
water, the sigma measurement has
been used for several decades to
determine the saturations. Now the
C/O ratio measurement can accu-
rately evaluate formation water
saturation in moderate- to high-
porosity formations. Time-lapse
measurements of formation water
saturation can be used to monitor
the performance of a well or reser-
voir over time.
42
CHFP* Cased Hole Formation
Porosity service makes accurate for-
mation porosity and sigma measure-
ments in cased wells. The CHFP
measurement, based on an elec-
tronic neutron source instead of a
chemical source, uses borehole
shielding and focusing to obtain
porosity measurements that are
affected only minimally by borehole
environment, casing standoff, and
formation characteristics such as
lithology and salinity.
CNL Compensated Neutron Log has
traditionally been run as a porosity
indicator in cased wells. Although it
provides a good estimation of forma-
tion porosity in most conditions, the
unfocused nature of the CNL log
does not allow correction for envi-
ronmental effects, such as thickness
of casing and cement, or effects
resulting from the position of the
tool and casing in the borehole.
For the highest possible accuracy,
CHFP service is the measurement
of choice.
CHFD* Cased Hole Formation
Density service makes accurate for-
mation density measurements in
cased wells. A chemical gamma ray
source and three-detector measure-
ment system are used to make mea-
surements in a wide range of casing
and borehole sizes. The density
measurement made by the three-
detector system is corrected for cas-
ing and cement thickness.
DSI* Dipole Shear Sonic Imager,
now coupled with the BestDT* auto-
mated sonic waveform processing
for best slowness, provides accurate
formation compressional and shear
slowness measurements in cased
wells. BestDT processing is based
on optimally designed frequency fil-
ters and advanced signal process-
ing. This method significantly
attenuates casing arrivals to facili-
tate the clean extraction of forma-
tion slowness.
CHDT* Cased Hole Dynamics Tester
is used to determine formation pres-
sure in old or new cased wells. It
also provides efficient, cost-effec-
tive fluid sampling without the
inherent risks of standard sampling
techniques. The innovative CHDT
tool seals against the casing and
uses a flexible drill shaft to pene-
trate through the casing and
cement into the formation. The use
of explosives is eliminated. Down-
hole sensors measure formation
pressure, pressure transients, and
formation fluid resistivity. Com-
bining the CHDT tool with various
modules of the MDT Modular
Formation Dynamics Tester enables
enhanced fluid identification, con-
tamination monitoring, and high-
quality sampling. After all mea-
surements and samples have been
taken, the tool inserts a corrosion-
resistant metal plug into the hole
drilled in the casing, thereby pre-
serving casing integrity and elimi-
nating the need for costly repair
procedures. Oil and gas companies
can use this technology to identify
zones with bypassed hydrocarbons
and to monitor the depletion of
reservoirs, effectiveness of water or
gas injection, and changes in fluid
contacts.
Applications
Evaluation of bypassed pay
Evaluation of old wells with new
measurements
Reevaluation of existing fields
Primary formation evaluation
in cased wells
Complement to logging-while-
drilling (LWD) data
Alternative to openhole data acqui-
sition under difficult well conditions
Evaluation of wells drilled
with casing
Reservoir monitoring
Fluid contact movement, saturation
and pressure changes, and deple-
tion and injection profiles
Wireline Services Catalog
Measurement Specifications
CHFR-Plus Tool RSTPro Tool CHFP Service CHFD Service DSI Tool CHDT Tool
Output Formation resistivity Inelastic and capture yields Neutron porosity, Bulk density Compressional and shear Dt, Formation pressure, fluid
of various elements, C/O ratio, formation sigma waveforms, Variable Density mobility, formation fluid samples
formation capture cross section waveforms
(sigma), neutron porosity
Logging speed Stationary: ~1 min/station Inelastic mode: 100 ft/hr [30.5 m/h] 900 ft/hr [274 m/h] 900 ft/hr [274 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] Stationary
Effective logging speed: (formation dependent)
240 ft/hr [73 m/h] Capture mode: 600 ft/hr [183 m/h]
Sigma mode: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement 1 to 100 ohm-m Porosity: 0 to 60 p.u. Porosity: 0 to 60 p.u. 2 to 3 g/cm3 Standard shear slowness: 0 to 20,000 psi
700 ms/ft [2,296 ms/m] [0 to 138 MPa]
Max. slowness (S-DSI):
1,200 ms/ft 3,937 ms/m]
Vertical resolution 4 ft [1.22 m] 15 in. [38.10 cm] 14 in. [35.56 cm] 18 in. [45.72 cm] 3.5-ft [1.1-m] processing Point measurement
resolution for 6-in. [15-cm]
sampling rate
Accuracy 10% Based on hydrogen index Porosity: <7 p.u. = 1 p.u. 0.05 g/cm3 Dt : 2 ms/ft [6.6 ms/m] CQG* gauge: (2 psi [13,789 Pa]
of formation 7 to 30 p.u. = 10% + 0.01% of reading) (accuracy),
30 to 60 p.u. = 15% 0.1 psi [689 Pa] (resolution)
Sigma: 1 cu [0.1/m]
Depth of investigation Similar to deep laterolog, 10 in. [20.54 cm] 7 in. [17.78 cm] 5 in. [12.70 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] Drilled depth: 6 in. [15.24 cm]
up to 32 ft [9.75 m], depending
on environment
Mud type or weight limitations None None None Cement thickness None None
< 1.75 in. [4.44 cm]
Combinability Gamma ray, CCL Combinable with tools using Combinable with Combinable with Combinable with Combinable with most toolstrings,
the PS Platform telemetry most toolstrings most toolstrings most tools another CHDT tool, MDT modules
system, CPLT tool, CGRS
Special applications H2S service H2S service
Stations are recorded every 4 ft [1.22 m]. Two resistivity measurements, 2 ft [0.61 m] apart, are made simultaneously at each station.
Measurements above 100 ohm-m may be possible based on environment.

Mechanical Specifications
CHFR-Plus Tool RSTPro Tool CHFP Service CHFD Service DSI Tool CHDT Tool
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 350F [177C] 257F [125C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
With flask:
400F [204C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
With flask: 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 4 12 in. [11.43 cm] 2 38 in. [6.03 cm] 5 in. [12.70 cm] 6 58
in. [16.83 cm] 5 in. [12.70 cm] 5 12 in. [13.97 cm]
Casing sizemax. 9 58 in. [24.45 cm] 9 58 in. [24.45 cm] 13 38 in. [33.97 cm] 1338 in. [33.97 cm] 13 38 in. [33.97 cm] 9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] RST-C: 1.71 in. [4.34 cm] 3.625 in. [9.21 cm] 4.77 in. [12.11 cm] 3.625 in. [9.21 cm] 4.25 in. [10.80 cm]
RST-D: 2.51 in. [6.37 cm]

Logging Platforms and Suites 43

Resistivity Logging

Induction logging tools accurately
measure open borehole formation
conductivity as a function of both well
depth and radius into the formation at
different borehole conditions and
environments. Various tools cater to
special operating environments,
including slim wells and hostile,
HPHT environments.
Wireline array induction tools use
an array induction coil that operates
at multiple frequencies. Software
focusing of the received signals gener-
ates a series of resistivity logs with
different depths of investigation.
Multichannel signal processing pro-
vides robust, stable tool responses
with enhanced radial and vertical
resolution and correction for environ-
mental effects. Quantitative two-di-
mensional (2D) imaging of formation
resistivity is possible because of the
large number of measurements made.
The images represent bedding and
invasion features clearly and quanti-
tatively. Advanced invasion descrip-
tion parameters are used to describe
the presence of transition zones and
annuli. The quantitative information
about invasion can be converted to a
2D image of water saturation Sw,
which can be plotted in color at the
wellsite.
AIT Array Induction
Imager Tool
The standard AIT-B and AIT-C tools
are used in moderate-environment
wellbore conditions to measure the
true resistivity of geologic formations.
AIT measurement of conductivity as a
function of both depth and distance
from the borehole has revolutionized
induction logging by increasing the
Wireline Services Catalog Resistivity Logging
AIT Array Induction
Imager Tools
depth of investigation of the mea-
sured signal concurrent with reducing
the vertical resolution from 4 to 2 ft
[1.22 to 0.61 m] and to 1 ft [0.30 m] in
smooth wellbores.
Platform Express Array
Induction Imager Tool
The AIT-H tool is designed expressly
for the Platform Express logging suite.
It is approximately one-half the length
of the AIT-B and AIT-C tools, yet pro-
vides the same high-quality measure-
ment. The tool is used primarily in
standard logging conditions of pres-
sure to 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and tem-
perature to 257F [125C]. The more
recent AIT-M tool provides the same
measurements with a temperature
rating of 302F [150C].
Slim Array Induction
Imager Tool
Slim wellbores require tools that are
smaller than standard logging tools.
In addition to its reduced diameter for
use with the SlimAccess platform, the
SAIT is designed to handle severe
doglegs.
SAIT
Hostile Environment
Induction Imager Tool
The HIT is a component of the Xtreme
platform for logging hostile environ-
ment wells. Even under severe tem-
perature and pressure conditions, the
induction measurement quality
matches that of the standard AIT
tools.
QAIT AIT-C AIT-BA
47
SlimXtreme Array Applications
Induction Imager Tool Reservoir delineation
The QAIT tool is used with the Determination of Rt
SlimXtreme platform to log slim well- Determination of Sw
bores under severe environmental Hydrocarbon identification
conditions. The slim tool diameter is and imaging
also useful for logging through severe
doglegs.
Determination of movable
hydrocarbons
Invasion profiling
Thin-bed analysis

Measurement Specifications
AIT-B and AIT-C AIT-H and AIT-M SAIT HIT QAIT
Output 10-, 20-, 30-, 60-, and 90-in. [25.40-, 50.80-, 76.20-, 152.40-, and 228.60-cm] deep induction resistivities, SP, Rm
Logging speed 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement 0.1 to 2,000 ohm-m
Vertical resolution 1, 2, and 4 ft [0.30, 0.61, and 1.22 m]
Accuracy Resistivities: 0.75 ms/m (conductivity) or 2% (whichever is greater)
Depth of investigation AO/AT/AF10: 10 in. [25.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF20: 20 in. [50.80 cm]
AO/AT/AF30: 30 in. [76.20 cm]
AO/AT/AF60: 60 in. [152.40 cm]
AO/AT/AF90: 90 in. [228.60 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations Salt-saturated muds are usually outside the operating range of induction tools.
Combinability Combinable with most services Platform Express platform SlimAccess platform Xtreme platform SlimXtreme platform
Special applications Slim wellbores High temperature Slim wellbores
Severe doglegs H2S service High pressure
H2S service and temperature
AO = 1-ft [0.30-m] vertical resolution, AT = 2-ft [0.61-m] vertical resolution, AF = 4-ft [1.22-m] vertical resolution

Mechanical Specifications
AIT-B and AIT-C AIT-H AIT-M SAIT HIT QAIT
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 257F [125C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 434 in. [12.07 cm] 434 in. [12.07 cm] 434 in. [12.07 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 4 78 in. [12.38 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 20 in. [50.80 cm] 20 in. [50.80 cm] 20 in. [50.80 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] 20 in. [50.80 cm] 20 in. [50.80 cm]
Outer diameter 3.875 in. [9.84 cm] 3.875 in. [9.84 cm] 3.875 in. [9.84 cm] 2.75 in. [6.99 cm] with 3.875 in. [9.84 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
0.25-in. [0.64-cm] standoff
Length 33.5 ft [10.21 m] 16 ft [4.88 m] 16 ft [4.88 m] 23.6 ft [7.19 m] 29.2 ft [8.90 m] 30.8 ft [9.39 m]
Weight 575 lbm [261 kg] 255 lbm [116 kg] 282 lbm [128 kg] 238 lbm [108 kg] 625 lbm [283 kg] 499 lbm [226 kg]
Tension 16,500 lbf [73,400 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
Compression 2,300 lbf [10,230 N] 6,000 lbf[26,690 N] 6,000 lbf[26,690 N] 3,300 lbf [14,680 N] 6,000 lbf [26,690 N] 2,000 lbf [8,900 N]
Without SP sub

48 Wireline Services Catalog


ARI Azimuthal
Resistivity Imager
The ARI* Azimuthal Resistivity Imager
combines standard laterolog measure-
ments with a 12-channel azimuthal
resistivity image and a high-resolution
deep resistivity measurement. The
resistivity image has 100% borehole
coverage and complements high-reso-
lution borehole images from the FMI*
Fullbore Formation MicroImager by
differentiating between natural deep
fractures and shallow, drilling-induced
cracks. Azimuthal resistivity measure-
ments also enable the detection of
nearby conductive beds in horizontal
wells.
Applications
Determination of Rt
Deviated and horizontal well
evaluation
Azimuthal resistivity evaluation
HRLA High-Resolution
Laterolog Array
The HRLA* High-Resolution Laterolog
Array provides five independent,
actively focused, depth- and resolution-
matched measurements that can
resolve the true formation resistivity in
thinly bedded and deeply invaded for-
mations. Unprecedented combinability
results from the through-wired tool
design. The absence of a current return
at surface as well as no required use of
a bridle greatly improves wellsite effi-
ciency.
Resistivity Logging
Laterolog Tools
Applications
Determination of Rt
Deviated and horizontal
well evaluation
Thin-bed analysis
Rt measurements free of Grningen
effects
Short-radius wells
High-Resolution Azimuthal
Laterolog Sonde
The HALS component of the Platform
Express system uses a central
azimuthal array of electrodes to pro-
duce deep and shallow resistivity
images and an image of the electrical
standoff. A computed focusing scheme
increases the accuracy of the mea-
surement and enables the simultane-
ous computation of standard and
high-resolution curves by changing HALS
the focusing conditions.
Applications
Determination of Rt
Resistivity logs and azimuthal
images with 1-ft [0.30-m]
vertical resolution
Thin-bed analysis
Fracture identification and HRLA
characterization
Deviated and horizontal well
evaluation
Grningen-corrected resistivity
Evaluation of heterogeneous
reservoirs
Borehole profiling
Invasion characterization for
permeability indication
Identification of fluid contacts ARI
49
Measurement Specifications
ARI Tool
Output Deep laterolog, shallow
laterolog, high-resolution
deep laterolog, Grningen
laterolog, azimuthal resistivity,
resistivity images
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement 0.2 to 100,000 ohm-m
Vertical resolution Deep and shallow laterolog:
29-in. [73.66-cm] beam width
High-resolution laterolog:
8-in. [20.32-cm] beam width
Accuracy 1 to 2,000 ohm-m: 5%
2,000 to 5,000 ohm-m: 10%
5,000 to 100,000 ohm-m: 20%
Depth of investigation 40 in. [101.6 cm] (varies with
formation and mud resistivities)
Mud type or weight limitations Rm < 5 ohm-m
Combinability Combinable with most tools
HRLA performance specifications are for 8-in. [20.32-cm] borehole.
Median response at 10:1 contrast of true to invaded zone resistivity
Mechanical Specifications
ARI Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 12 in. [11.43 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 21 in. [53.34 cm]
Outer diameter 3 58 in. [9.21 cm]
7 14 in. [18.41 cm]
Length 33.25 ft [10.13 m]
Weight 579 lbm [263 kg]
Tension 3,000 lbf [13,345 N]
Compression 2,000 lbf [8,900 N]
ARI tool is available in two sizes to fit different borehole sizes.
50
HRLA Tool HALS
Deep laterolog, shallow High-resolution deep laterolog,
laterolog, high-resolution high-resolution shallow laterolog,
resistivity, diameter of resistivity images, mud resistivity
invasion, resistivity images,
mud resistivity
3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Rm = 1 ohm-m: 0.2 to 0.2 to 40,000 ohm-m
100,000 ohm-m
Rm = 0.02 ohm-m: 0.2 to
20,000 ohm-m
12 in. [30.48 cm] Standard resolution: 18 in. [45.72 cm]
in 6-in. [15.24-cm] borehole
High resolution: 8 in. [20.32 cm]
in 6-in. [15.24-cm] borehole
1 to 2,000 ohm-m: 5% 1 to 2,000 ohm-m: 5%
2,000 to 5,000 ohm-m: 10%
5,000 to 100,000 ohm-m: 20%
50 in. [127.0 cm] 32 in. [81.3 cm] (varies with formation
and mud resistivities)
Conductive mud systems only Conductive mud systems only
Combinable with most tools Bottom component of
Platform Express system
HRLA Tool HALS
302F [150C] 257F [125C]
15,000 psi [103 MPa] 10,000 psi [69 MPa]
5 in. [12.70 cm] 5 12 in. [13.97 cm]
16 in. [40.64 cm] 16 in. [40.64 cm]
3 58 in. [9.21 cm] 3 58 in. [9.21 cm]
24.1 ft [7.34 m] 16 ft [4.88 m]
394 lbm [179 kg] 221 lbm [100 kg]
30,000 lbf [133,450 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N]
With fin standoff: 3,600 lbf [16,010 N] 2,400 lbf [10,675 N]
With rigid centralizers: 7,800 lbf [34,700 N] With four rigid centralizers:
9,400 lbf [41,810 N]
Wireline Services Catalog

Microresistivity tools measure the
resistivity of the invaded zone Rxo.
Micro-normal and -inverse measure-
ments are made for permeability
indication.
MicroSFL Spherically
Focused Resistivity tool
The MicroSFL* Spherically Focused
Resistivity Tool (MSFL) achieves the
very shallow depth of investigation
necessary to measure formation resis-
tivity close to the borehole wall
through its electrode spacing arrange-
ment in combination with control of
the bucking current. The MicroSFL
tool also provides an indication of the
mudcake thickness hmc and a real-
time synthetic microlog generated
from the micro-normal (MNOR) and
micro-inverse (MINV) measurements.
Micro-Cylindrically
Focused Log
The Micro-Cylindrically Focused Log
(MCFL) and Three-Detector Lith-
ology Density (TLD) tools are colo-
cated on the Platform Express system.
The MCFL consists of a narrow, wear-
resistant metallic pad and provides
three basic measurements: Rxo, hmc,
and the mudcake resistivity Rmc.
The MCFL has several advantages
over previous devices for measuring
invaded zone resistivity. The MCFL
uses a dual-focusing method to create
cylindrical equipotential surfaces that
are the optimal shape for the cylindri-
cal borehole and mudcake and make
the tool insensitive to variations in
mudcake thickness and borehole
geometry. The 3-in. [7.62-cm] depth of
Resistivity Logging
Microresistivity Tools
investigation also makes the measure-
ment insensitive to mudcake up to
0.4 in. [1 cm] thick, and correction
can be made for thicker mudcake. The
measurement of mudcake thickness
is input to quality control processes
for the TLD and other tools sensitive
to standoff.
Powered Caliper Device
with microlog tool
The Powered Caliper Device (PCD)
with microlog tool consists of a
hydraulic sonde containing two
caliper arms and a microlog pad. The
microlog pad is mounted on the larger
caliper arm, which eccenters the tool.
The smaller caliper arm is mounted
opposite the large arm and is used as
a borehole rugosity indicator. The
microlog micro-normal and micro-
inverse measurements are used to
indicate permeability.
MCFL
Applications
Rxo measurement
Invasion correction of deep MSFL
resistivity measurements
Detection of permeable zones
Quantitative estimate of water
saturation in the flushed zone
(Sxo) (moveable oil)
Evaluation of sand-shale
PCD
laminations (sand count)
Measurement of hole diameter
Indication of hole rugosity
51
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
MicroSFL Tool
Resistivity of the invaded zone
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
0.2 to 1,000 ohm-m
2 to 3 in. [5.08 to 7.67 cm]
2 ohm-m
0.7 in. [1.78 cm]
Oil-base mud
Combinable with most tools
MCFL PCD with Microlog
Resistivity of the invaded zone Micro-normal, micro-inverse,
two calipers (single axis)
3,600 ft/hr [1097 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1097 m/h]
0.2 to 2,000 ohm-m Short arm: 1.25 in. [3.18 cm]
Hole diameter: 22 in. [55.9 cm]
0.70 in. [1.78 cm] Micro-normal: 2 in. [5.08 cm]
Micro-inverse: 1 in. [2.54 cm]
5% Caliper: 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
3.0 in. [7.62 cm] Micro-normal: ~1.5 in. [~3.8 cm]
Micro-inverse: ~0.5 in. [~1.3 cm]
Oil-base mud Oil-base mud
Housed with the TLD in the High- Combinable with most tools
Resolution Mechanical Sonde of the
Platform Express system
Provides eccentric positioning
for other services that require it

Mechanical Specifications
MicroSFL Tool MCFL PCD with Microlog
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 302F [150C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 12 in. [13.97 cm] Without bow spring: 515 in. [13.21 cm] Without microlog pad: 612 in. [16.51 cm]
With bow spring: 6 in. [15.24 cm] With microlog pad: 7 in. [22.23 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 1712 in. [44.45 cm] 16 in. [40.64 cm] 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter Caliper closed: 4.625 in. [11.75 cm] Without pad: 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
4.77 in. [12.11 cm] With slim pad: 5 in. [12.70 cm]
With standard pad: 6.25 in. [15.87 cm]
Length 12.3 ft [3.75 m] 10.85 ft [3.31 m] 17.25 ft [5.26 m]
Weight 313 lbm [142 kg] 171.7 lbm [78 kg] 345 lbm [156 kg]
Tension 40,000 lbf [177,930 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
Compression 5,000 lbf [22,240 N] 8800 lbf [39,140 N] 5,000 lbf [22,240 N]

52 Wireline Services Catalog

 CHFR-Plus Cased Hole
Formation Resistivity Tool
The CHFR-Plus Cased Hole Formation Applications
Resistivity tool measures the resistiv- Resistivity measurement behind
ity of the formation behind casing. casing in new or old wells
The tool injects current into the cas-
ing, where it flows both upward and
Reservoir monitoring
downward before returning to the sur- Location of bypassed hydrocarbons
face along a path similar to that Determination of residual oil
employed by openhole laterolog tools. saturation
Most of the current remains in the Contingency logging in wells
casing, but a very small portion where openhole logs could not
escapes to the formation. Electrodes be run
on the tool measure the potential dif-
ference created by the leaked current,
Primary evaluation where open-
which is proportional to the formation hole logging is not possible
conductivity.
Typical formation resistivity values
are about 109 times the resistivity
value of the steel casing. The mea-
surement current escaping to the for-
mation causes a voltage drop in the
casing segment. Because the resis-
tance of casing is a few tens of micro-
ohms and the leaked current is
typically on the order of few milli-
amperes, the potential difference
measured by the CHFR-Plus tool is in
nanovolts.

Mechanical Specifications
CHFR-Plus Tool
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Casing sizemax. 9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 48 ft [14.63 m]
Weight 683 lbm [310 kg]

Resistivity Logging 53
Nuclear
Measurements
 Gamma Ray Tools

Gamma ray tools record naturally

occurring gamma rays in the forma-
tions adjacent to the wellbore. This
nuclear measurement indicates the
radioactive content of the formations.
Effective in any environment, gamma
ray tools are the standard device used
for the correlation of logs in cased and
openholes.

Applications
Depth determination
Depth correlation within the well CGRS
and between wells
Lithology identification
Qualitative evaluation of shaliness
Qualitative evaluation of radioac-
tive mineral deposits
Cased hole perforating depth
control SGT-N
Positioning for openhole sampling
tools

STGC-A

HTGC
HGNS

QTGC

Wireline Services Catalog Nuclear Measurements 57

Measurement Specifications
Highly Integrated Hostile Environment Scintillation Gamma Slim Telemetry and SlimXtreme Telemetry Combinable Gamma
Gamma Neutron Telemetry and Gamma Ray Tool (SGT) Gamma Ray Cartridge and Gamma Ray Ray Sonde (CGRS)
Sonde (HGNS) Ray Cartridge (HTGC) (STGC) Cartridge (QTGC)
Output Formation gamma ray Formation gamma ray Formation gamma ray Formation gamma ray Formation gamma ray Gamma ray activity
Logging speed 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] Up to 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement 0 to 1,000 gAPI 0 to 2,000 gAPI 0 to 2,000 gAPI 0 to 2,000 gAPI 0 to 2,000 gAPI 0 to 2,000 gAPI
Vertical resolution 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm]
Accuracy 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
Depth of investigation 24 in. [60.96 cm] 24 in. [60.96 cm] 24 in. [60.96 cm] 24 in. [60.96 cm] 24 in. [60.96 cm] 24 in. [60.96 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None None None None None None
Combinability Part of Platform Combinable with Combinable with Combinable with Combinable with Combinable with CPLT
Express system most tools most tools most tools most tools tool, RSTPro tool
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
HGNS HTGC SGT STGC QTGC CGRS
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 500F [260C] 350F [177C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm] 4 34 in. [12.07 cm] 4 78 in. [12.38 cm] 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm] 11316-in. [4.61-cm]
seating nipple
Borehole sizemax. No limit for gamma No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit
ray measurement
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 3.75 in. [9.53 cm] 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 3.0 in. [7.62 cm] 11116 in. [4.29 cm]
Length 10.85 ft [3.31 m] 10.7 ft [3.26 m] 5.5 ft [1.68 m] 7.64 ft [2.33 m] 10.67 ft [3.25 m] 3.2 ft [0.97 m]
Weight 171.7 lbm [78 kg] 265 lbm [120 kg] 83 lbm [38 kg] 71 lbm [32 kg] 180 lbm [82 kg] 16 lbm [7 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 37,000 lbf [164,580 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 23,000 lbf [103,210 N] 17,000 lbf [75,620 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

58 Wireline Services Catalog


Spectral gamma ray tools provide
insight into the mineral composition
of formations. The total gamma ray
spectra measured is resolved into the
three most common components of
naturally occurring radiation in sands
and shalespotassium, thorium, and
uranium (K, Th, and U, respectively).
These data are used to distinguish
important features of the clay or sand
around the wellbore. The clay type
can be determined, and sand can be
identified as radioactive. The deposi-
tion of radioactive salts behind the
casing by the movement of water can
also be identified.
NGS Natural Gamma Ray
Spectrometry tool
The NGS* Natural Gamma Ray
Spectrometry tool uses five-window
spectroscopy to resolve the total
gamma ray spectra into K, Th, and U
curves. The standard gamma ray and
the gamma ray minus the uranium
component are also presented. The
computed gamma ray or Th curve can
be used to evaluate the clay content
where radioactive minerals are pre-
sent.
Nuclear Measurements
Spectral Gamma
Ray Tools
Hostile Environment Natural
Gamma Ray Sonde
The increased sensitivity of the HNGS
set of detectors improves the tools
statistical response to the formation
gamma rays to produce a better spec-
tral analysis than that of previous
tools. The improvement in measure-
ment also results from the use of two
detectors instead of one. The HNGS
can log at a faster speed than other
tools that measure the formation nat-
ural gamma ray emissions. Its 500C
[260C] temperature rating makes it
suitable for operations in hot borehole
environments.
Applications
Cation exchange capacity studies
Reservoir delineation
Detailed well-to-well correlation
Definition of facies and deposi-
tional environment
Igneous rock recognition
Recognition of other radioactive
materials
Estimated uranium and potassium
potentials
Lithologic analysis log input
HNGS
59
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
NGS Tool HNGS
Gamma ray; corrected gamma ray for uranium; potassium, thorium, and uranium curves
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
0 to 2,000 gAPI 0 to 2,000 gAPI
8 to 12 in. [20.32 to 30.48 cm] 8 to 12 in. [20.32 to 30.48 cm]
K: 0.4% (accuracy), 0.25% (repeatability) K: 0.5% (accuracy), 0.14% (repeatability)
Th: 3.2 ppm (accuracy), 1.5 ppm (repeatability) Th: 2% (accuracy), 0.9 ppm (repeatability)
U: 2.3 ppm (accuracy), 0.9 ppm (repeatability) U: 2% (accuracy), 0.4 ppm (repeatability)
9.5 in. [24.13 cm] 9.5 in. [24.13 cm]
In KCl muds, KCl content must be known In KCl muds, KCl content must be known
Combinable with most tools Combinable with most tools

Mechanical Specifications
NGS Tool HNGS
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm] 4 34 in. [12.07 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit
Outer diameter NGT-C: 3 58 in. [9.21 cm] 3 34 in. [9.53 cm]
NGT-D: 378 in. [9.84 cm]
Length 8.6 ft [2.62 m] 11.7 ft [3.57 m]
Weight NGT-C: 165 lbm [75 kg] 276 lbm [125 kg]
NGT-D: 189 lbm [86 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 23,000 lbf [102,310 N]

60 Wireline Services Catalog


The ECS* Elemental Capture
Spectroscopy sonde uses a standard
16-Ci [59.2 1010-Bq] americium
beryllium (AmBe) neutron source
and a large bismuth germanate (BGO)
detector to measure relative elemental
yields based on neutron-induced cap-
ture gamma ray spectroscopy. The pri-
mary elements measured in both open
and cased holes are for the formation
elements silicon (Si), iron (Fe), cal-
cium (Ca), sulfur (S), titanium (Ti),
gadolinium (Gd), chlorine (Cl), barium
(Ba), and hydrogen (H).
Wellsite processing uses the 254-
channel gamma ray energy spectrum
to produce dry-weight elements,
lithology, and matrix properties. The
first step involves spectral deconvolu-
tion of the composite gamma ray energy
spectrum by using a set of elemental
standards to produce relative elemen-
tal yields. The relative yields are then
converted to dry-weight elemental
concentration logs for the elements
Si, Fe, Ca, S, Ti, and Gd using an
oxides closure method. Matrix prop-
erties and quantitative dry-weight
lithologies are then calculated from
the dry-weight elemental fractions
using the SpectroLith* empirical rela-
tionships derived from an extensive
core chemistry and mineralogy data-
base.
The SpectroLith outputs are
dry-weight lithology fractions
(from elements)
total clay
total carbonate
anhydrite + gypsum from
S and Ca
QFM (quartz + feldspar + mica)
pyrite
Nuclear Measurements
ECS Elemental Capture
Spectroscopy Sonde
siderite
coal
salt
matrix properties (from elements)
matrix grain density
matrix thermal and epithermal
neutron
matrix sigma.
Applications
DecisionXpress* integrated petro-
physical analysis
Clay fraction independent of
gamma ray, spontaneous potential,
and density neutron
Carbonate, gypsum or anhydrite,
QFM, pyrite, siderite, coal, and
salt fractions for complex-
reservoir analysis
Matrix density and matrix neutron
values for more accurate porosity
calculation
Sigma matrix for cased and open-
hole sigma saturation analysis
Mineralogy-based permeability
estimates
Quantitative lithology for rock
properties modeling and pore
pressure prediction from seismic
data
Geochemical stratigraphy
(chemostratigraphy) for well-to-
well correlation
Enhanced completion and drilling
ECS
fluid recommendations based on
clay versus carbonate cementation
Coalbed methane bed delineation,
producibility, and in situ reserves
estimation
61
Measurement Specifications
ECS Sonde
Output Elemental yields, dry-weight elemental fractions,
dry-weight SpectroLith lithology, matrix properties
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement 600 keV to 8 MeV
Vertical resolution 18 in. [45.72 cm]
Accuracy 2% coherence to standards computed
Depth of investigation 9 in. [22.86 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with most tools
Special applications Automatic wellsite petrophysical interpretation
Elementalstatistical uncertainty at nominal conditions (1,800-ft/hr logging speed, resolution degradation factor of 5, 16,000-cps count rate,
and closure normalization factor of 3): Si 2.16%, Ca 2.19%, Fe 0.36%, S 1.04%, Ti 0.10%, and Gd 3.48 ppm.

Mechanical Specifications
ECS Sonde
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
500F [260C] (internal flask, CO2 cooling)
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High-pressure housing: 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 6 12 in. [16.51 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 20 in. [50.80 cm]
Outer diameter 5.0 in. [12.70 cm]
High-pressure housing: 5.5 in. [13.97 cm]
Length 10.15 ft [3.09 m]
Weight 305 lbm [138 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 20,000 lbf [88, 960 N]

62 Wireline Services Catalog


Compensated neutron tools measure
the hydrogen index of downhole for-
mations. The measurements are con-
verted to porosity values, which in
combination with density tool mea-
surements provide an indication of
lithology and gas in zones of interest.
Some compensated neutron tools pro-
vide thermal and epithermal mea-
surements. Thermal measurements
require a liquid-filled borehole.
Epithermal measurements can be
made in air- or gas-filled boreholes.
CNL Compensated
Neutron Log
The CNL Compensated Neutron Log
tool (CNT) contains a radioactive
source that bombards the formation
with fast neutrons. The neutrons are
slowed, primarily by hydrogen atoms
in the formation. Detectors count the
slowed neutrons deflected back to the
tool. Because the CNT responds pri-
marily to the hydrogen content of the
formation, the measurements are
scaled in porosity units. Both epither-
mal (intermediate energy) neutrons
and thermal (slow) neutrons can be
measured depending on the detector
design. The CNT-H uses two thermal
detectors to produce a borehole-com-
pensated thermal neutron measure-
ment. The DNL* Dual-Energy Neutron
Log (CNT-G) has two thermal and two
epithermal detectors that make sepa-
rate energy measurements for gas
detection and improved reservoir
description.
Slim Compensated
Neutron Porosity Tool
The Slim Compensated Neutron Tool
(SCNT) uses two thermal detectors to
measure borehole-compensated ther-
Nuclear Measurements
Neutron Porosity Tools
mal neutron porosity based on the
same neutron interactions as the
standard CNT.
Highly Integrated Gamma
Ray Neutron Sonde
The Highly Integrated Gamma Ray
Neutron Sonde (HGNS) is the compo-
nent of the Platform Express tool-
string that measures neutron porosity.
The HGNS contains sensors for neu-
tron porosity determination and
makes gamma ray and tool accelera- CNT HGNS
tion measurements. Starting from the
same neutron porosity measurement
principle as for the standard CNT, the
HGNS applies speed correction to the
measurements, which also benefit
from the enhanced reliability charac-
teristics of the Platform Express sys-
tem.
SlimXtreme Compensated
Neutron Tool
The SlimXtreme Compensated Neu-
tron Porosity Tool (QCNT) provides
the same high-quality, environmen-
tally corrected thermal neutron
porosity data as the standard CNT.
The 3-in. [7.62-cm] diameter tool is
rated for up to 8 hr of continuous log-
ging at 500F [260C] and 30,000 psi
[207 MPa].
Applications QCNT-A
Porosity determination
Lithology identification
Gas detection
Correlation in cased wells
Option to pump slim tools down
drillpipe CNT-D
(SCNT)
63
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
CNT SCNT HGNS QCNT
Thermal neutron porosity Thermal neutron porosity Thermal neutron porosity Thermal neutron porosity
(uncorrected, environmentally (uncorrected, environmentally (uncorrected, environmentally (uncorrected, environmentally
corrected, or alpha processed) corrected, or alpha processed) corrected, or alpha processed), corrected, or alpha processed)
CNT-G: Epithermal neutron porosity formation gamma ray, tool acceleration
Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] Full-resolution max.: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
High resolution: 900 ft/hr [274 m/h]
0 to 60 p.u. [0 to 60% uncorrected porosity]
12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm]
0 to 20 p.u.: 1 p.u. 0 to 20 p.u.: 1 p.u. 0 to 20 p.u.: 1 p.u. 0 to 20 p.u.: 1 p.u.
30 p.u.: 2 p.u. 30 p.u.: 2 p.u. 30 p.u.: 2 p.u. 30 p.u.: 2 p.u.
45 p.u. : 6 p.u. 45 p.u. : 6 p.u. 45 p.u. : 6 p.u. 45 p.u. : 6 p.u.
~ 9 in. [~23 cm] (varies with hydrogen index of formation)
Thermal measurements not possible in air- or gas-filled wellbores
Combinable with most tools Combinable with most tools Part of Platform Express system Combinable with most tools
Slim wellbores Slim wellbores
Short-radius wells Short-radius wells
Tubing-conveyed logging Tubing-conveyed logging
On tractor On tractor

Mechanical Specifications
CNT SCNT HGNS QCNT
Temperature rating 400F [204C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 34 in. [12.07 cm] 3 34 in. [9.53 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 20 in. [50.80 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm] 16 in. [40.64 cm] 10 in. [25.40 cm]
Outer diameter Without bow spring eccentralizer: 2.75 in. [6.99 cm] 3.375 in. [9.53 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
3.375 in. [9.53 cm]
Length 7.25 ft [2.21 m] 18.4 ft [5.61 m] 10.85 ft [3.31 m] 11.9 ft [3.63 m]
Weight 120 lbm [54 kg] 254 lbm [115 kg] 171.7 lbm [78 kg] 191 lbm [87 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 68,000 lbf [302,480 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 23,000 lbf [102,310 N] 9,600 lbf [42,700 N] 37,000 lbf [164,580 N] 15,000 lbf [66,720 N]

64 Wireline Services Catalog


APS Accelerator
Porosity Sonde
The APS Accelerator Porosity Sonde
uses an electronic neutron source
instead of a chemical source. The
large yield of the neutron source
enables the use of epithermal neutron
detection and borehole shielding. As a
result, the porosity measurements are
affected only minimally by the bore-
hole environment and formation char-
acteristics, such as lithology and
salinity. Five detectors provide infor-
mation for porosity evaluation, gas
detection, shale evaluation, improve-
ment of the vertical resolution, and
borehole correction. The measure-
ments can be performed in both cased
and openholes.
Nuclear Measurements
Array Porosity
Measurements
Hostile Environment
Accelerator Porosity Sonde
The Hostile Environment Accelerator
Porosity Sonde (HAPS) is a compo-
nent of the Xtreme platform. It pro-
vides an APS measurement in high-
pressure, high-temperature environ-
ments. The installation of a conven-
tional APS cartridge inside a thermal
Dewar flask makes HAPS operations
possible at bottomhole temperatures
up to 500F [260C].
Applications
Formation evaluation behind
casing
Accurate neutron porosity mea-
surement in environments with
thermal neutron absorbers
Accurate hydrogen index
estimation
Clay analysis
Gas detection
APS
65
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
APS Sonde HAPS
Neutron porosity index, formation sigma Neutron porosity index, formation sigma
Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
High resolution: 900 ft/hr [274 m/h] High resolution: 900 ft/hr [274 m/h]
High speed: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] High speed: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Porosity: 0 to 60 p.u. [0 to 60% uncorrected porosity] Porosity: 0 to 60 p.u. [0 to 60% uncorrected porosity]
14 in. [35.56 cm] 14 in. [35.56 cm]
<7 p.u.: 0.5 p.u. <7 p.u.: 0.5 p.u.
7 to 30 p.u.: 7% 7 to 30 p.u.: 7%
30 to 60 p.u.: 10% 30 to 60 p.u.: 10%
Sigma: 1 c.u. [0.1/m] Sigma: 1 c.u. [0.1/m]
7 in. [17.78 cm] 7 in. [17.78 cm]
None None
Combinable with most services Combinable with most services
If combined with ECS sonde, If combined with ECS sonde,
the APS sonde must be run below it the APS sonde must be run below it

Mechanical Specifications
APS Sonde HAPS
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 58 in. [11.75 cm] 5 78 in. [14.92 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 21 in. [53.34 cm] 21 in. [53.34 cm]
Outer diameter 3.625 in. [9.21 cm] Without bow spring: 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Length 13 ft [3.96 m] 16 ft [4.88 m]
Weight 222 lbm [101 kg] 400 lbm [181 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [22,410 N] 50,000 lbf [22,410 N]
Compression 23,000 lbf [102,310 N] 15,000 lbf [66,720 N]

66 Wireline Services Catalog


The unique dual-detector spectrome-
try system of the through-tubing RST
and RSTPro Reservoir Saturation
Tools enables the recording of carbon
and oxygen and Dual-Burst* Thermal
Decay Time measurements during the
same trip in the well. The carbon/oxy-
gen (C/O) ratio is used to determine
the formation oil saturation indepen-
dent of the formation water salinity.
This calculation is particularly help-
ful if the water salinity is low or
unknown. If the salinity of the forma-
tion water is high, the Dual-Burst
Thermal Decay Time measurement is
used. A combination of both measure-
ments can be used to detect and
quantify the presence of injection
water of a different salinity from that
of the connate water.
RST tools (RST-A and RST-B) are
used with PL Flagship advanced well
flow diagnosis service. RSTPro tools
(RST-C and RST-D) are used with the
PS Platform production services.
Both the RST and RSTPro tools are
available in two sizes to address a
range of casing sizes and applica-
tions and the issues associated with
wellbores under static or flowing con-
ditions: 1.71-in. [4.34-cm] RST-A and
RST-C and 2.51-in. [6.37-cm]
RST-B and RST-D tools. The RST-B
and RST-D tools have the added
advantage of shielded detectors; the
near detector is shielded from the
formation and the far detector is
shielded from the borehole.
Nuclear Measurements
RST and RSTPro
Reservoir Saturation Tools
Applications
Formation evaluation behind
casing
Sigma, porosity, and carbon/oxy-
gen measurement in one trip in
the wellbore
Water saturation evaluation in old
wells where modern openhole logs
have not been run
Measurement of water velocity
inside casing, irrespective of well-
bore angle (production logging)
Measurement of near-wellbore
water velocity outside the casing
(remedial applications)
Formation oil volume from C/O
ratio, independent of formation
water salinity
Flowing wells (in combination
with an external borehole holdup
sensor)
Capture yields (H, Cl, Ca, Si, Fe, S,
Gd, and Mg)
Inelastic yields (C, O, Si, Ca,
and Fe)
Three-phase borehole holdup
PVL* Phase Velocity Log
Borehole salinity
SpectroLith lithology indicators
1.71-in. 2.51-in.
RST-A and RST-C RST-B and RST-D
67
Measurement Specifications
RST and RSTPro Tools
Output Inelastic and capture yields of various elements, carbon/oxygen ratio, formation capture
cross section (sigma), porosity, borehole holdup, water velocity, phase velocity,
SpectroLith processing
Logging speed Inelastic mode: 100 ft/hr [30 m/h] (formation dependent)
Capture mode: 600 ft/hr [183 m/h] (formation and salinity dependent)
RST sigma mode: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
RSTPro sigma mode: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement Porosity: 0 to 60 p.u.
Vertical resolution 15 in. [38.10 cm]
Accuracy Based on hydrogen index of formation
Depth of investigation 10 in. [20.54 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability RST tool: Combinable with the PL Flagship system and CPLT
RSTPro tool: Combinable with tools that use the PS Platform telemetry system and CGRS
See Tool Planner application for advice on logging speed

Mechanical Specifications
RST-A and RST-C
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
With flask: 400F [204C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
With flask:
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 11316 in. [4.60 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 7 58 in. [19.37 cm]
Outer diameter 1.71 in. [4.34 cm]
Length 23.0 ft [7.01 m]
Weight 101 lbm [46 kg]
Tension 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
RST-B and RST-D
302F [150C]
15,000 psi [103 MPa]
2 78 in. [7.30 cm]
9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
2.51 in. [6.37 cm]
22.2 ft [6.76 m]
208 lbm [94 kg]
10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

68 Wireline Services Catalog

 Density Tools

Density tools provide measurements

of formation density, formation photo-
electric factor, and borehole diameter.
The density data are used to calculate
porosity and determine the lithology.
The combination of density and CNT
data is used to indicate the presence
of gas.

Three-Detector Lithology
Density
The high-resolution measurements of
the Platform Express system include
the Three-Detector Lithology Density
(TLD) tool, which is housed in the
High-Resolution Mechanical Sonde
(HRMS). The TLD measures forma-
tion density and formation photo-
electric factor. Part of the TLD
measurement is called a backscatter
density measurement because it uses
a third detector located close to the
source. Mudcake density, mudcake
photoelectric factor, and mudcake
thickness are computed using a recur-
sive inversion scheme that is based
on a large set of data points. This
approach provides compensated den-
sity and photoelectric factor in non-
barite mud and compensated density
in barite mud.
LDS-C

HRMS

HLDS

QLDT-B

SLDT-A

Nuclear Measurements 69
Litho-Density Sonde
The Litho-Density Sonde (LDS) com-
ponent of the IPL Integrated Porosity
Logging toolstring (IPLT) measures
the formation bulk density and photo-
electric factor. It has a pad with a
gamma ray source and two detectors.
Magnetic shielding and high-speed
electronics ensure excellent measure-
ment stability. The LDS records the
full-pulse-height gamma ray spectra
from both detectors and processes
them into windows. Bulk density and
photoelectric cross section are derived
conventionally from the windows
counts with enhanced quality control.
Hostile Environment
Lithology Density Sonde
The Hostile Environment Lithology
Density Sonde (HLDS) is a component
of the Xtreme HPHT logging platform.
Its design and operation are similar to
those of the LDS but adapted for hos-
tile environment logging. It is rated to
a temperature of 500F [260C] and
pressure of 25,000 psi [172 MPa]. The
HLDS uses a pad-mounted gamma ray
source and two detectors to make three
primary measurements: formation den-
sity, long- and short-spacing photo-
electric factor, and hole diameter.
70
Slim Array Litho-Density Tool Applications
The component tools of the SlimAccess Porosity determination
system are adapted for slim and com- Lithology analysis and identification
plex trajectory wells. The Slim Array of minerals
Litho-Density Tool (SLDT) is a three- Gas detection
detector, mandrel-design Litho-Density
tool. The extra third detector is placed
Hydrocarbon density determination
between the long-spacing and short- Shaly sand interpretation
spacing detectors. A powered caliper Rock mechanical properties
ensures proper decentralization of the calculations
tool and provides a borehole diameter Determination of overburden
measurement. The bulk density mea- pressure
surement is a three-detector measure-
ment. A density quality factor mea-
Synthetic seismogram for correla-
surement replaces the conventional tion with seismic
Delta Rho for monitoring measure-
ment consistency. Other measure-
ments include the photoelectric
factor and compensation for tool
standoff.
SlimXtreme Litho-Density
Tool
The SlimXtreme Litho-Density Tool
(QLDT) is designed for operation in
slim and hostile environments with
temperature and pressure ratings of
500F and 30,000 psi [207 MPa], res-
pectively. It measures density and pho-
toelectric factor using full spectral
data from a three-detector array. The
formation density is determined using
an extended spine-and-ribs algorithm.
Wireline Services Catalog
Measurement Specifications
TLD
Output Bulk density, porosity, PEF, caliper
Logging speed Standard: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
High resolution: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement Bulk density: 1.04 to 3.3 g/cm3
PEF: 0.9 to 10
Caliper: 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Vertical resolution Density: 18 in. [45.72 cm]
Accuracy Bulk density: 0.01 g/cm3 (accuracy),
0.025 g/cm3 (repeatability)
Caliper: 0.1 in. [0.25 cm] (accuracy),
0.05 in. [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
Depth of investigation 5 in. [12.70 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations Sensitive to barite
Combinability Part of Platform Express system,
combinable with most tools
Special applications
At 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] in nonbarite mud
Average values (depth of investigation depends on density)
LDS
Bulk density, porosity, PEF, caliper
Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h)
High resolution: 900 ft/hr [274 m/h]
High speed: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Bulk density: 1.3 to 3.05 g/cm3
PEF: 1 to 6
Caliper: 16 in. [40.64 cm]
Density: 15 in. [38.10 cm]
Bulk density: 0.01 g/cm3 (accuracy),
0.014 g/cm3 (repeatability)
Caliper: 0.25 in. [0.64 cm] (accuracy),
0.05 in. [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
4 in. [10.16 cm]
Sensitive to barite
Combinable with most tools
Spectral processing of formation
gamma ray measurement
HLDS
Bulk density, porosity, PEF, caliper
Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
High resolution: 900 ft/hr [274 m/h]
High speed: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Bulk density: 2 to 3 g/cm3
PEF: 1 to 6
Caliper: 16 in. [40.64 cm]
Density: 15 in. [38.10 cm]
Bulk density: 0.01 g/cm3 (accuracy),
0.014 g/cm3 (repeatability)
Caliper: 0.25 in. [0.64 cm] (accuracy),
0.05 in. [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
4 in. [10.16 cm]
Sensitive to barite
Combinable with most tools
HPHT
Spectral processing of formation
gamma ray measurement
SLDT
Bulk density, porosity, PEF
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Bulk density: 1.3 to 3.05 g/cm3
PEF: 1 to 6.2
Caliper: 3 to 9 in. [7.62 to 22.86 cm]
Density: 15 in. [38.10 cm]
Bulk density: 0.01 g/cm3 (accuracy), Bulk density: 0.015 g/cm3 (accuracy),
0.014 g/cm3 (repeatability),
Caliper: 0.1 in. [0.25 cm] (accuracy),
0.05 in. [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
4 in. [10.16 cm]
Sensitive to barite
Part of SlimAccess system
Slim wellbores
Short-radius wells
Tubing-conveyed logging
On tractor
QLDT
Bulk density, porosity, PEF
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Bulk density: 1.3 to 3.05 g/cm3
PEF: 1 to 6
Caliper: 9.5 in. [24.13 cm]
Density: 15 in. [38.10 cm]
0.014 g/cm3 (repeatability),
Caliper: 0.1 in. [0.25 cm] (accuracy),
0.05 in. [0.127 cm] (repeatability)
4 in. [10.16 cm]
Sensitive to barite
Part of SlimXtreme system,
combinable with most tools
HPHT
Slim wellbores
Short-radius wells
Tubing-conveyed logging
On tractor

Mechanical Specifications
TLD LDS HLDS SLDT QLDT
Temperature rating 257F [125C] 350F [177C] 500F [260C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C]
350F [177C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 6 in. [15.24 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 4 12 in. [11.43 cm] 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 3 78 in. [9.84 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm] 21 in. [53.34 cm] 18 in. [45.72 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm] 9 in. [22.86 cm]
Outer diameter 4.77 in. [12.11 cm] 4.5 in. [11.43 cm] 3.5 in. [8.89 cm] 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Length 12.26 ft [3.74 m] 11 ft [3.35 m] 12.58 ft [3.83 m] 14.9 ft [4.54 m] 14.7 ft [4.48 m]
Weight 314 lbm [142 kg] 292 lbm [132 kg] 402 lbm [182 kg] 159 lbm [72 kg] 253 lbm [115 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 30,000 lbf [133,450 N] 30,000 lbf [133,450 N] 50,000 lbf [222,410 N] 50,000 lbm [222,410 N]
Compression Without stiffener and locked 5,000 lbf [22,240 N] 5,000 lbf [22,240 N] 14,000 lbf [62,270 N] 17,000 lbf [75,620 N]
flex head: 4,400 lbf [19,570 N]
With stiffener and locked
flex head: 8,000 lbf [35,590 N]

Nuclear Measurements 71
Nuclear
Magnetic
Resonance
Logging

The CMR-Plus* Combinable Magnetic
Resonance tool with high-logging-
speed capability makes nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) measure-
ments of the buildup and decay of the
polarization of hydrogen nuclei (pro-
tons) in the liquids contained in the
pore space of rock formations. One
primary measurement of the CMR-
Plus tool is the total formation poros-
ity. Borehole NMR measurement is
unaffected by solid materials, so the
measurement is not sensitive to
matrix type and therefore lithology
independent. The total porosity can
be partitioned into the spectrum of
pore sizes present, which provides
information on the irreducible water
saturation. Permeability can be esti-
mated from the free-fluid to bound-
fluid ratio and the shape of the
pore-size distribution. NMR measure-
ment is also useful for fluid identifica-
tion because it is a hydrogen index
measurement, and various fluids have
different hydrogen index values as
well as polarization characteristics.
NMR data can be processed to yield
formation fluid properties such as gas
and oil saturation and oil viscosity.
Wireline Services Catalog Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging
CMR-Plus Combinable
Magnetic Resonance Tool
Applications
Lithology-independent porosity for
storage quantification
Pore-size distribution for reservoir
rock quality
Bound- and free-fluid volume indi-
cators of reservoir producibility
Identification of thin, permeable
beds in laminated reservoirs
Hydrocarbon identification, espe-
cially in low-contrast, low-resistiv-
ity pay zones
Determination of hydrocarbon pore
volume for reserve calculations
Improved irreducible water satura-
tion estimates for reducing or elim-
inating water production
Comparison with neutron, density,
and MDT data for porosity, lithol-
ogy, and fluid determination
Critical information for setting
pipe, determining coring and test-
ing needs, and optimizing comple-
tion and fracture programs
Integrated solutions of CMR-Plus
logging, PowerSTIM* well opti-
mization service, and FracCADE*
fracturing design and evaluation
software, combining petrophysical
expertise and reservoir knowledge
with completion design, execution,
and evaluation
Salt-saturated muds, deviated and
horizontal holes, large (no limit)
and small (to 5 78-in. [14.92-cm])
boreholes
Increased efficiency of formation
testing program in combination
with MDT tool
75
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
CMR-Plus Tool
Transverse relaxation time (T2 ) distribution, total porosity, free- and bound-fluid volumes, permeability
determined with Schlumberger-Doll Research (SDR) and Timur-Coates equations, capillary bound
porosity, small-pore bound porosity, quality control curves and flags
MRF* Magnetic Resonance Fluid station log: Saturation; oil, gas, and water volumes; oil viscosity;
water and oil T2 distributions; hydrocarbon-corrected permeability; oil and water log-mean T2
distributions
Bound-fluid mode: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Short time constant for the polarizing process (T1) environment: 2,400 ft/hr [731 m/h]
Long T1 environment: 800 ft/hr [244 m/h]
Porosity: 0 to 100 p.u.
Minimum echo spacing: 200 ms
T2 distribution: 0.3 ms to 3.0 s
Nominal raw signal-to-noise ratio: 32 dB
Static: 6-in. [15.24-cm] measurement aperture
Dynamic (high-resolution mode): 9 in. [22.86 cm], three-level averaging
Dynamic (standard mode): 18-in. [45.72-cm] vertical resolution, three-level averaging
Dynamic (fast mode): 30-in. [76.20-cm] vertical resolution, three-level averaging
Total CMR porosity standard deviation: 1.0 p.u. at 75F [24C], three-level averaging
CMR free-fluid porosity standard deviation: 0.5 p.u. at 75F [24C], three-level averaging
Blind zone (2.5% point): 0.50 in. [1.27 cm]
Median (50% point): 1.12 in. [2.84 cm]
Maximum (95% point): 1.50 in. [3.81 cm]
None
Combinable with most tools
MRF station logging

Mechanical Specifications
CMR-Plus Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High-pressure version: 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. Without integral bow spring: 5 78 in. [14.92 cm]
With integral bow spring: 7 78 in. [20.00 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit, but must be eccentered
Outer diameter Without bow spring: 5.3 in. [13.46 cm]
With bow spring: 6.6 in. [16.76 cm]
Length 15.6 ft [4.75 m]
Weight Without bow spring: 374 lbm [170 kg]
With bow spring: 413 lbm [187 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]

76 Wireline Services Catalog


The MRX* Magnetic Resonance
eXpert is the next-generation wireline
NMR logging tool. The MRX tool uses
simultaneous, multifrequency mea-
surements in a gradient-field design
to perform multiple-depth investiga-
tions in a single pass. The depths of
investigation (DOIs), ranging from 1.5
to 4 in. [3.81 to 10.16 cm], are main-
tained for the tools main and high-
resolution antennae, regardless of
hole size or geometry, well deviation,
temperature, or mud type. The result-
ing measurement sequence provides a
continuous profile of the reservoir flu-
ids for detailed formation evaluation:
oil and water saturation
total and effective porosity
bulk volume irreducible water
T2, T1, and diffusion distributions
hydrocarbon-corrected
Timur-Coates permeability
diffusion-T2 fluid maps
Because the DOIs of the MRX tool
are deeper than those of other NMR
logging tools, measurements such as
pore-size distribution and permeabil-
ity are possible beyond the zone of for-
mation damage. Evaluation insights
from comparison of the multiple DOI
profiles include the detection of fines
invasion, observation of gas effects,
and the discrimination of native oil.
The combination of diffusion editing
acquisition methods and MRF
Magnetic Resonance Fluid character-
ization with the continuous data pro-
file collected by MRX logging provides
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging
MRX Magnetic Resonance eXpert
advanced fluids characterization,
especially in the challenging environ-
ments of low-resistivity, low-contrast
pay and hydrocarbon-bearing fresh-
water formations, where traditional
log analysis often fails. MRX fluid
characterization is available far in
advance of conventional analysis for
use in optimizing fluid sampling pro-
grams.
Applications
Radial profiling of fluid volumes
and saturations for the characteri-
zation of hydrocarbons and detec-
tion of formation damage
Direct hydrocarbon characteriza-
tion independent of formation
water resistivity and in low-resistiv-
ity, low-contrast pay and thin beds
Formation evaluation in rugose
boreholes or in the presence of
thick mudcake
Thin-bed evaluation with high-ver-
tical-resolution measurements
Continuous oil viscosity measure-
ment for perforation and comple-
tion design
Determination of fluid storage vol-
ume based on lithology-indepen-
dent porosity
Quantification of pay through oil,
gas, and water saturations
Oil mobility determination based
on in situ oil viscosity
Residual oil saturation in water-
base muds and residual water satu-
ration in oil-base muds
77
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
Minimum values
MRX Tool
T1,T2, and diffusion distributions, total porosity, bound-fluid volumes,
hydrocarbon-corrected permeability, pore-size distribution
Continuous fluid characterization: Quantitative oil, water, and gas saturation, oil viscosity
Bound-fluid logging: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Basic NMR profiling: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
T2 radial profiling: 900 ft/hr [274 m/h]
High-resolution logging: 400 ft/hr [122 m/h]
T1 radial profiling: 300 ft/hr [91 m/h]
Saturation profiling: 250 ft/hr [76 m/h]
Porosity: 0 to 100 p.u.
Minimum echo spacing: 0.45 ms
T2 distribution: 0.4 ms to 3.0 s
T1 distribution: 0.5 ms to 9.0 s
Main antenna: 18 in. [45.72 cm]
High-resolution antenna: 7.5 in [19.05 cm]
Total NMR porosity: 1-p.u. standard deviation, three-level averaging at 75F [24C]
NMR free-fluid porosity: 0.5-p.u. standard deviation, three-level averaging at 75F [24C]
Main antenna: 1.5, 1.9, 2.3, 2.7, and 4.0 in. [3.81, 4.83, 5.84, 6.86, and 10.16 cm]
High-resolution antennae: 1.25 in. [3.17 cm]
Mud resistivity less than 0.05 ohm-m may require special procedures
Combinable with most services, run sequentially
Rugose boreholes
Thick mudcake

Mechanical Specifications
MRX Tool
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 578 in. [14.92 cm] (good borehole conditions)
Borehole sizemax. No limit, but must be eccentered
Outer diameter Cartridge: 4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
Sonde: 5 in. [12.70 cm]
Length 32.7 ft [9.97 m]
Weight 1,200 lbm [544 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]

78 Wireline Services Catalog

Acoustic Logging

Acoustic, or sonic, tools provide a mea-
surement of the formation integral
travel time (Dt) in a variety of envi-
ronments. Acoustic logs recognize sec-
ondary, or vugular, porosity in hard-
rock sediments. Acoustic tools can be
run in conjunction with density and
compensated neutron tools in bad
borehole conditions to measure poros-
ity, and this third porosity is also used
to identify complex lithology. Certain
sonic tools can measure shear Dt in
very slow formations.
Digital Sonic Logging Tool
The Digital Sonic Logging Tool (DSLT)
is made up with a Sonic Logging
Sonde (SLS) and the Digital Sonic
Logging Cartridge (DSLC), which
uses the Digital Telemetry System, to
provide either compressional Dt mea-
surements or Cement Bond Log
(CBL) and Variable Density log (VDL)
measurements and digital waveform
recording and display. The conven-
tional sonic measurements are bore-
hole-compensated (BHC) (3- to 5-ft
[0.91- to 1.52-m]) transit time and
long-spacing depth-derived BHC
(DDBHC) (8- to 12-ft [2.43- to 3.65-m])
transit time. These measurements are
made by combining an HSLS-W or
HSLS-Z sonde, respectively, with the
DSLC. For high-pressure and high-
temperature applications, the same mea-
surements are available from the
Hostile Environment Sonic Logging
Tool (HSLT).
Wireline Services Catalog Acoustic Logging
Monopole Acoustic Tools
Slim Array Sonic Tool
The SlimAccess toolstring addresses
the growth and challenges of slimhole
drilling activity, especially reentry and
coiled tubing drilling. The monopole
Slim Array Sonic Tool (SSLT) delivers
a robust formation slowness using
first-motion detection, borehole com-
pensation, and slowness-time-coher-
ence (STC) semblance techniques. A
6-in. [15.24-cm] high-resolution mea-
surement identifies thin-bed slowness.
A tool extension provides a long-spac-
ing sonic measurement in unconsoli-
dated formations. Measurement of
CBL amplitudes and VDL waveforms is
supported in cased wells. For high-
pressure and high-temperature appli-
cations, the same measurements are
available from the SlimXtreme Sonic
Logging Tool (QSLT).
Applications
Formation porosity from compres-
sional slowness
Shear slowness from STC for hard
rocks
Formation mechanical properties
from shear slowness
Correlation to surface seismic data
with synthetic seismograms
Well placement with respect to cap
rock
Sonic waveforms for fracture iden-
tification
CBL and VDL for cased hole
cement evaluation
DSLT QSLT-A SLT-C
81
Measurement Specifications
DSLT and HSLT with BHC or DDBHC Sonde SSLT and QSLT
Output All sondes: Compressional Dt Compressional and shear Dt, porosity, waveforms
SLS-C, SLS-D, and SLS-E: and Variable Density waveforms
3-ft [0.91-m] CBL, Variable Density waveforms
Logging speed 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement 40 to 200 ms/ft [131 to 656 ms/m] 40 to 400 ms/ft [131 to 1,312 ms/m]
Vertical resolution
Compressional Dt 2 ft [0.61 m] Standard: 2 ft [0.61 m]
Short spacing: 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Shear Dt SLS-F 8 to 10 ft [2.43 to 3.05 m] or 10 to 12 ft 2 ft [0.61 m]
[3.05 to 3.66 m]: 2 ft [0.61 m]
Cement bond log Amplitude (mV): 3 ft [0.91 m] Amplitude (mV): 3 ft [0.91 m]
Variable Density log: 5 ft [1.52 m] Variable Density log: 5 ft [1.52 m]
Accuracy Dt : 2 ms/ft [6.6 ms/m] Dt : 2 ms/ft [6.6 ms/m]
Depth of investigation 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None None
Combinability Combinable with most services Combinable with most services
Special applications Run on wireline, drillpipe conveyed, or coiled tubing conveyed

Mechanical Specifications
DSLT
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 58 in. [11.75 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 18 in. [45.72 cm]
Outer diameter 3 58 in. [9.21 cm]
Length SLS-D: 18.73 ft [5.71 m]
SLS-F: 23.81 ft [7.26 m]
Weight SLS-D: 273 lbm [124 kg]
SLS-F: 353 lbm [160 kg]
Tension 29,700 lbf [132,110 N]
Compression 1,650 lbf [7,340 N]
HSLT SSLT QSLT
500F [260C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C]
25,000 psi [172 MPa] 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa]
4 34 in. [12.07 cm] 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm]
18 in. [45.72 cm] 8 in. [20.32 cm] 8 in. [20.32 cm]
3 78 in. [9.84 cm] 212 in. [6.35 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
With HSLS-W sonde: 23.1 ft [7.04 m] 23 ft [7.01 m]
25.5 ft [7.77 m] With inline centralizer:
29.9 ft [9.11 m]
With HSLS-W sonde: 232 lbm [105 kg] 270 lbm [122 kg]
440 lbm [199 kg]
29,700 lbf [132,110 N] 13,000 lbf [57,830 N] 13,000 lbf [57,830 N]
With HSLS-W sonde: 4,400 lbf [19,570 N] 4,400 lbf [19,570 N]
2,870 lbf [12,770 N]
With HSLS-Z sonde:
1,650 lbf [7,340 N]

82 Wireline Services Catalog


The DSI Dipole Shear Sonic Imager
combines monopole and dipole sonic
acquisition capabilities. The transmit-
ter section contains a piezoelectric
monopole transmitter and two elec-
trodynamic dipole transmitters per-
pendicular to each other. An electric
pulse at sonic frequencies is applied
to the monopole transmitter to excite
compressional- and shear-wave propa-
gation in the formation. For Stoneley
wave acquisition a specific low-fre-
quency pulse is used. The dipole
transmitters are also driven at low fre-
quency to excite the flexural wave
around the borehole.
The tool is made up of three sec-
tionsacquisition cartridge, receiver
section, and transmitter section. An
isolation joint is placed between the
transmitter and receiver sections to
prevent direct flexural wave transmis-
sion through the tool body.
The receiver section has an array
of eight receiver stations spaced 6 in.
[15.24 cm] apart and 9 ft [2.74 m] from
the monopole transmitter, 11 ft [3.35 m]
from the upper dipole transmitter, and
11.5 ft [3.50 m] from the lower dipole
transmitter. Each receiver station con-
sists of two pairs of wideband-piezo-
electric hydrophones aligned with the
Acoustic Logging
DSI Dipole Shear
Sonic Imager
dipole transmitters. Summing the
signals recorded by one pair of
hydrophones provides the monopole
waveform, whereas differentiating
them cancels the monopole signal and
provides the dipole waveform. When
a dipole transmitter is fired, the
hydrophone pair diagonally in line
with the transmitter is used. Four sets
of eight waveforms can be acquired
from the four basic operating modes
fired in sequence.
A special dipole mode enables
recording both the inline and cross-
line (perpendicular) waveforms for Isolation joint
each dipole mode. This mode, called
both cross receivers (BCR), is used for
anisotropy evaluation.
The optional S-DSI modification to
the DSI tool uses a special slow sleeve
to extend the slowness measurement
to 1,200 ms/ft [3,937 ms/m] from the
standard 700 ms/ft [2,296 ms/m].
As part of ABC Analysis Behind
Casing suite of services, the DSI tool
can also provide a measurement of
slowness behind the casing by using
recently developed acquisition strate-
gies and BestDT automated sonic
waveform processing.
Transmitter
Receiver section
and cartridge
83
Applications Measurement Specifications
Geophysics DSI Tool
Velocity calibration, time/depth Output Compressional and shear Dt , waveforms,
conversion Variable Density waveforms
Synthetic seismograms Logging speed Max.: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Amplitude variation with offset Range of measurement Standard shear slowness: 700 ms/ft [2,297 ms/m]
S-DSI max. slowness: 1,200 ms/ft [3,937 ms/m]
(AVO) calibration
Vertical resolution 3.5-ft [1.07-m] processing resolution for 6-in. [15.24-cm]
Shear seismic interpretation sampling rate
Anisotropy Accuracy Dt : 2 ms/ft [6.56 ms/m]
Depth of investigation 9 in. [22.86 cm]
Petrophysics Mud type or weight limitations None
Porosity estimation (also in cased Combinability Fully combinable with other tools
hole) Special applications
Actual
Lithology and clay identification acquisition speed depends on the number of acquisition modes used and the data sampling rate.

Gas identification
Stoneley wave measurement Mechanical Specifications
Fracture evaluation DSI Tool
Permeability (mobility) Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Geomechanics Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 34 in. [12.07 cm]
Pore pressure
Borehole sizemax. 21 in. [53.34 cm]
Wellbore stability Outer diameter 3 58 in. [9.21 cm]
Hydrofracture design Length 51 ft [15.54 m] (including isolation joint)
Sand strength Weight 900 lbm [408 kg]
Tension 5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
Sonic imaging 3,500 lbf [15,570 N]
Sonic imaging with borehole acous- Compression 1,550 lbf [6,890 N]
S-DSI: 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
tic reflection survey (BARS)
Very long spacing tool
(using spacers)
Reflection analysis
Highly dipping beds
Horizontal wells
(apparent dip > 45)
Well placement with respect
to cap rock

84 Wireline Services Catalog

Dipmeter and
Imaging Services

The FMI Fullbore Formation Micro-
Imager provides an electrical bore-
hole image generated from up to
192 microresistivity measurements.
Special focusing circuitry ensures
that the measuring currents are
forced into the formation, where they
modulate in amplitude with the for-
mation conductivities to produce low-
frequency signals rich in petrophysical
and lithological information and a
high-resolution component that pro-
vides the microscale information used
for imaging and dip interpretation.
Image calibration is achieved through
calibration with low-frequency, deeper
resistivity measurements available
from the tool signal or input from
other resistivity measurements, such
as from the AIT Array Induction
Imager Tool or ARI Azimuthal Resist-
ivity Imager. Image normalization fur-
ther increases the completeness and
reliability of this versatile tool for geo-
logical and reservoir characterization.
Wireline Services Catalog Dipmeter and Imaging Services
FMI Fullbore
Formation MicroImager
The combination of measuring but-
ton diameter, pad design, and high-
speed telemetry system produces a
vertical and azimuthal resolution of
0.2 in. [0.51 cm] for the FMI tool. This
means that the dimensions of a fea-
ture larger than 0.2 in. can be esti-
mated from the image. The size of
features smaller than 0.2 in. is esti-
mated by quantifying the current flow
to the electrode. Fine details such as
0.002-in. [0.051-mm] wide fractures
filled with conductive fluids are visi-
ble in FMI images.
The answers provided by the FMI
tool help in understanding the reser-
voir structure, identify and evaluate
sedimentary features and fractures,
visualize rock texture, and comple-
ment coring programs. FMI data are
increasingly used for geomechanical
analysis of the reservoir. Drilling-
induced features such as breakouts
are readily identified. In combination
with stress field analysis, FMI infor-
mation is used to control wellbore sta-
bility problems by guiding design of
the mud program.
87
Applications
Structural geology
Structural dips, even in fractured
and conglomeratic formations
Detection and determination
of faults
Sedimentary features
Determination of sedimentary
dips
Paleocurrent directions
Definition and characterization
of sedimentary bodies and their
boundaries
Recognition of anisotropy,
permeability barriers, and
permeability paths
Recognition and evaluation of
thinly bedded reservoirs
Rock texture
Qualitative vertical grain-size
profile
Determination of carbonate
texture
Detection and evaluation
of secondary porosity
Reservoir characterization
Detection and evaluation
of fracture systems
Complement to coring and forma-
tion tester programs
Depth matching and orientation
for whole cores
Reservoir description for inter-
vals not cored
Information about the reservoir
before core analysis is available
Depth matching for sidewall core
samples and MDT probe settings
Geomechanics
Identification and analysis of
drilling-induced features
Calibration data for Mechanical
Earth Model (MEM)
Mud weight selection
workflow
Deterministic modeling of reser-
voir bodies
Guidance for the distribution of
stochastically modeled reservoir
bodies
Realistic population of reservoir
bodies with petrophysical para-
meters

Measurement Specifications
FMI Tool
Output Formation dip, borehole images
Logging speed Image mode: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Dipmeter mode: 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement Sampling rate: 0.1 in. [0.25 cm]
Borehole coverage: 80% in 8-in. [20.32-cm] borehole
Vertical resolution Spatial resolution: 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
Vertical resolution: 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
Accuracy Caliper: 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
Deviation: 0.2
Azimuth: 2
Depth of investigation 1 in. [2.54 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations Water-base mud (max. mud resistivity = 50 ohm-m)
Combinability Bottom-only tool, combinable with most tools
Special applications Horizontal wells

Mechanical Specifications
FMI Tool
Maximum temperature 350F [177C]
Maximum pressure 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 78 in. [14.92 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 21 in. [53.34 cm]
Outer diameter 5 in. [12.70 cm]
Length 24.42 ft [7.44 m]
Weight 433.7 lbm [197 kg]
Tension 12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
Compression 8,000 lbf [35,580 N]
In good hole conditions

88 Wireline Services Catalog


The UBI* Ultrasonic Borehole Imager
produces high-resolution acoustic
images of the wellbore in water-base
or oil-base mud. The images are used
to identify dipping beds, fractures,
and other features intersecting the
borehole. Critical information on
borehole stability and breakouts can
be derived from the accurate borehole
cross section measured by the tool.
The UBI tool has a transducer that
is mounted on an Ultrasonic Rotating
Sub (USRS). The transducer emits
ultrasonic pulses and measures the
transit time and amplitude of the
resulting echo. The transducer assem-
bly is available in a variety of sizes to
match the complete range of normal
openhole sizes. The transducer sub-
assembly is also selected to optimize
the distance traveled by the ultra-
sonic pulse in the borehole fluid,
which reduces attenuation in heavy
fluids and maintains a good signal-to-
noise ratio.
Dipmeter and Imaging Services
UBI Ultrasonic
Borehole Imager
The UBI tool is relatively insensi-
tive to eccentralizationup to 0.25 in.
[0.63 cm]and provides clean images
that are easy to interpret, even in
highly deviated wells. Processing soft-
ware available both in MAXIS surface
units and at Data and Consulting
Services Centers further enhances
UBI images by correcting amplitude
and transit-time information for the
effects of logging speed variations and
tool eccentering and by applying noise
filtering. The images are oriented with
inclinometer data from the combin-
able GPIT* General Purpose Inclin-
ometry Tool and then enhanced by
dynamic normalization for easy visual
interpretation.
Applications
Fracture identification including
drilling-induced fractures
Differentiation of closed and open
fractures (in combination with the
OBMI* Oil-Base MicroImager)
Borehole profiling and calculation
of cement volume
Stress analysis and borehole
stability studies
Mud weight selection
Structural and bedding analysis
Interchangeable
rotating subs
89
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
UBI Tool
Borehole images, amplitude and transit time in analog and
digital imagery
425 to 2125 ft/hr [130 to 648 m/h] (depends on desired resolution)
4 78 to 12 78 in. [12.38 to 32.70 cm]
0.2 in. [0.51 cm] at 500 kHz
0.4 in. [1.02 cm] at 250 kHz
0.6 in. [1.52 cm] at 250 kHz
1.0 in. [2.54 cm] at 250 kHz
Azimuthal sampling: 2.0 or 2.6
Borehole radius: 0.12 in. [3 mm] (absolute)
Resolution: 0.003 in. [0.075 mm] at 500 kHz
Borehole wall
High mud weights (> 15 ppg) can cause significant
signal attenuation.
Bottom-only tool, combinable with most tools
H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
UBI Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 78 in. [12.38 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 12 78 in. [32.70 cm]
Outer diameter Without sub: 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 21 ft [6.40 m]
Weight 377.6 lbm [171 kg] (with 7-in. [17.78-cm] USRS-B sub)
Tension 40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
Compression 11,000 lbf [48,930 N]

90 Wireline Services Catalog


The OBMI Oil-Base MicroImager tool
extends microresistivity imaging to
the environment of nonconductive,
invert-emulsion mud systems. The
increasing use of oil- and synthetic-
base mud systems to limit drilling
risks and improve efficiency poses
many challenges for formation imag-
ing. Even a thin film of nonconductive
mud is essentially an opaque curtain,
preventing conventional microresis-
tivity imagers from measuring the
formation. The presence of non-
conductive mudcake or mud filtrate
further complicates the situation. The
OBMI tool meets these challenges by
integrating unique technology with
simple resistivity logging principles to
produce an image that enables virtual
visualization of the reservoir.
The OBMI tool is the only tool in
the industry capable of providing
direct, high-resolution measurement
of the flushed zone resistivity Rxo. The
short-normal resistivity principle
employed is inherently quantitative
and does not require calibration with
another log. Petrophysicists fre-
quently use the OBMI Rxo measure-
ment to discriminate sand and shale
beds as thin as 1.2 in. [3.05 cm].
Geologists use the OBMI image to rec-
ognize bedding and other sedimentary
features as small as 0.4 in. [1.02 cm],
the tool measurement aperture. Open
and closed fractures smaller than
0.4 in. have also been successfully
imaged.
The OBMI2* Integrated Dual Oil-
Base MicroImagers uses two OBMI
sondes at a 45 offset to double the
hole coverage.
High-pressure, high-temperature
and slim-hole versions of the OBMI
tool are available on a limited basis.
Dipmeter and Imaging Services
OBMI Oil-Base
MicroImager
Applications
Structural analysis
Structural dip determination
Fracture and fault detection
Stratigraphic analysis
Characterization of sedimen-
tary deposits
Stratigraphic dip determination
Thin-bed detection
Core analysis
Depth matching
Orientation
Missed interval coverage
Compartmentalization and
permeability analyses
High-resolution net pay count
Sample and formation test
positioning
Detection of drilling-induced
features
Detection and measurement
of features too small for
conventional logs
Detection of anisotropic features
Differentiation of structural
and stratigraphic features
Flexibility in choosing mud
systems
Quantitative measurement
of invaded zone resistivity
91
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
OBMI Tool
High-resolution, oriented formation images, dual-axis caliper
3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
32% coverage in 8-in. [20.32-cm] borehole
0.4-in. [1.02-cm] nominal image resolution
1.2-in. [3.05-cm] petrophysical resolution
20%
3.5 in. [8.89 cm]
Operates in any oil-, diesel-, or synthetic-base mud
Top and bottom combinable
Slim OBMI and OBMI2 tools: bottom-only
Wireline or TLC Tough Logging Conditions system

Mechanical Specifications
OBMI Tool
Temperature rating 320F [160C]
350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
25,000 psi [173 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. Standard: 7 in. [17.78 cm]
Slim OBMT-E: 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 16 in. [40.64 cm]
Caliper: 1712 in. [44.45 cm]
Outer diameter Standard: 5.75 in. [14.60 cm]
Slim OBMT-E: 5.25 in. [13.33 cm]
Length 17 ft [5.18 m]
Weight 310 lbm [137 kg]
Tension 12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
Compression Standard: 12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
Slim OBMT-E: 8,000 lbf [35,590 N]
Limited availability

92 Wireline Services Catalog

 OBDT Oil-Base
Dipmeter Tool
The OBDT* Oil-Base Dipmeter Tool Applications
uses four microinduction sensors to Determination of structural dip in
measure the variation of formation wells with nonconductive mud
conductivity. The combination of a
three-axis accelerometer and three-
Input to stratigraphic analysis for
axis magnetometer precisely mea- wells with nonconductive mud
sures borehole drift and tool attitude. Borehole geometry
Dip processing eliminates tool veloc-
ity fluctuations, and application of the
induction measurement principle
avoids the erratic influence of non-
conductive mud on the injection of
current into the formation. The log
can be recorded in a single pass to
save rig time. Wellsite processing pro-
vides formation dip, hole diameter,
and inclinometer data. Structural and
stratigraphic information are avail-
able through processing.

Dipmeter and Imaging Services 93

Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
OBDT Tool
Formation dip, hole deviation, hole direction, dual-axis caliper
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
6 to 21 in. [15.24 to 53.34 cm]
1.2 to 2.0 in. [3.05 to 5.08 cm] (based on resistivity contrast)
Caliper: 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
Deviation: 0.2
Azimuth: 2
0.4 in. [1.02 cm]
None
Top and bottom combinable with most tools

Mechanical Specifications
OBDT Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 21 in. [53.34 cm]
Outer diameter 4.5 in. [11.43 cm]
Length 21.92 ft [6.68 m]
Weight 392 lbm [178 kg]
Tension 12,000 lbf [53,380 N]
Compression 12,000 lbf [53,380 N]

94 Wireline Services Catalog

Drilling and
Directional
Services
 GPIT General Purpose
Inclinometry Tool
The GPIT General-Purpose Inclin- Applications
ometry Tool provides inclinometer Borehole azimuth
measurements. Tool orientation is
defined by three parameters: tool
Borehole deviation
deviation, tool azimuth, and relative Borehole relative bearing
bearing. The GPIT tool uses both a Tool azimuth information
three-axis inclinometer and a three- Deviation and direction of uncased
axis magnetometer to make mea- wellbores for plotting
surements for determining these
parameters.
Direction and orientation mea-
The basic principle of downhole surements for various dipmeters
inclinometer measurements is to Orientation of USI* UltraSonic
define accurately the tool system axis Imager tool images with respect
with respect to the Earths gravity (G) to the wellbore
and magnetic field (F). Because both
vectors are well defined within the
Earth system, a relation can be estab-
lished between the tool and Earth sys-
tems. The magnetometer determines
Fx, Fy, and Fz, and the inclinometer
determines Ax, Ay, and Az for the
acceleration due to G. The MAXIS
Multitask Acquisition and Imaging
System computes deviation, azimuth,
and relative bearing from these
values.
When the GPIT tool is used in an
open wellbore, the tools above and
below it must have nonmagnetic hous-
ings. In cased hole the tool can be
used only for deviation and relative
bearing measurements.

Wireline Services Catalog Drilling and Directional Services 97

Measurement Specifications
GPIT Tool
Output Borehole azimuth, deviation and relative bearing, tool azimuth
Logging speed 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement 0 to 360
Vertical resolution 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Accuracy Azimuth: 2
Deviation: 2
Depth of investigation Not applicable
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with most services, anywhere in the logging string
(tools immediately above and below must have nonmagnetic housings)
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
GPIT Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 58 in. [11.75 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 3.625 in. [9.21 cm]
Length 4 ft [1.22 m]
Weight 55 lbm [25 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 16,700 lbf [74,280 N]

98 Wireline Services Catalog

Seismic Imaging
Tools and Services

Seismic imaging tools are used to
complement and refine surface seis-
mic Earth models. As such they are
crucial to the delineation, discovery,
quantification, and monitoring of a
reservoir through its entire lifecycle.
Schlumberger provides tools to gather
the high-quality data required for geo-
physical analysis.
CSI Combinable
Seismic Imager
The CSI* Combinable Seismic Imager
is a three-axis borehole seismic acqui-
sition tool for open- and cased hole
applications. The CSI tool is designed
to physically isolate the sensor com-
Seismic Imaging
Tools and Services
ponents from the heavy tool body dur-
ing seismic acquisition. The small size
and low mass of the sensor module
and the strong anchoring force of the
tool ensure optimum acoustic cou-
pling, even in soft formations, which
guarantees the high quality of the
recorded seismic data. The CSI tool is
self-combinable using stiff or flexible
interconnects, and it is also fully com-
binable with other logging tools.
Deployment can be on wireline, TLC
Tough Logging Conditions system, or
wireline tractor.
Applications
Time-depth determination
Vertical seismic profiles (VSPs)

Measurement Specifications
CSI Tool
Output Seismic waveform produced by acoustic
reflections from bed boundaries
Logging speed Stationary
Seismic waveform recording: 1-, 2-, or 4-ms output
sampling rate
Array capability Up to 4 tools
Sensor package
Length 24.4 in. [61.98 cm]
Weight 19.9 lbm [9 kg]
Sensor Geophone Accelerometer (GAC-A)
Sensitivity >0.5 V/g 5%
Sensor natural frequency 25 Hz
Flat bandwidth in acceleration: 2 to 200 Hz
Dynamic range 90 dB
Distortion <60 dB
Digitization 16 bit
Combinability Combinable with most tools
Special applications Conveyance on wireline, TLC system, or tractor

Wireline Services Catalog Seismic Imaging Tools and Services 101

Mechanical Specifications
CSI Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]

Borehole sizemin. 4.9 in. [12.45 cm]

Borehole sizemax. 19 in. [48.26 cm]
With extension: 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter 4 58 in. [11.75 cm]
Without standoff: 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Length 17.8 ft [5.42 m]
Weight 271 lbm [123 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,240 N]
Compression 4,400 lbf [19,570 N]

Coupling
Anchoring force
Sensor package coupling force
Coupling force/sensor weight ratio
630 lbf [2,800 N] in 5-in. [12.70-cm] hole
719 lbf [3,200 N] in 10-in. [25.40-cm] hole
1,124 lbf [5,000 N] in 19-in. [28.26-cm] hole
240 lbf [1,067 N]
10:1

102 Wireline Services Catalog


The Q-Borehole* integrated borehole
seismic system optimizes all aspects
of borehole seismic services, during
wireline operations and while drilling.
VSI Versatile
Seismic Imager
The VSI* Versatile Seismic Imager
uses Q-Technology* three-axis single-
sensor seismic hardware and software
and advanced wireline telemetry for
efficient data delivery from the bore-
hole to the surface. Each sensor pack-
age delivers high-fidelity wavefields
through the use of three-axis geo-
phone accelerometers, which are
acoustically isolated from the main
body of the tool. The number of sen-
sors, intersensor spacing, connection
type (either stiff or flexible), and tool
diameter are field configurable to
ensure the maximum versatility of the
array. The VSI design focus on data
fidelity and quick adaptation to
changing survey needs avoids the
compromise in data quality that typi-
cally results from efficiency limita-
tions. The result is sharper, more
accurate images and reduced operat-
ing logistics, which are fundamental
elements for achieving complex surveys
in a cost-effective manner and with
timely delivery of answer products.
Seismic Imaging Tools and Services
Q-Borehole Multicomponent
Borehole Seismic Tool
The operating efficiency of the VSI
tool is enhanced by
rapid mechanical deployment
very little time between stations
short shot-cycle time during remote
source surveys (walkaway, offset
VSP)
real-time quality control and data
processing.
Applications
Integrated processing for interpre-
tation of borehole and surface
seismic data
Images for reservoir definition
Images ahead of the bit
Three-dimensional (3D) VSPs
Pore pressure predictions
Planning for well placement
Simultaneous surface and bore-
hole seismic recording for high-
definition images
Shear wave processing and analysis
HFM* Hydraulic Fracture
Monitoring for microseismic
monitoring during hydraulic
fracturing
103
Measurement Specifications
VSI Tool
Output Seismic waveform produced by acoustic
reflections from bed boundaries
Logging speed Stationary
Seismic waveform recording: 1-, 2-, or 4-ms
output sampling rate
Array capability Up to 20 shuttles
Sensor package
Length 11.4 in. [28.96 cm]
Weight 6.4 lbm [2.9 kg]
Sensor Geophone Accelerometer (GAC-D)
Sensitivity >0.5 V/g 5%
Sensor natural frequency 25 Hz
Flat bandwidth in acceleration: 2 to 200 Hz
Dynamic range >105 dB at 36-dB gain
Distortion <90 dB
Digitization 24-bit analog-to-digital converter
Combinability Bottom-only combinable
Special applications Conveyance on wireline, TLC system, tractor,
or through drillpipe

Mechanical Specifications
VSI Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating Standard: 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High pressure: 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter Standard: 3 38 in. [8.57 cm]
Slim: 212 in. [6.35 cm]
Length Up to 1,040 ft [317 m] for 20 shuttles
Weight Up to 2,200 lbm [998 kg]
Tension 18,000 lbf [80,070 N]
Compression Standard: 5,000 lbf [22,240 N]
With stiffener: 10,000 lbf [44,480N]
Coupling
Anchoring force 246 lbf [1,170 N] in 3-in. [7.62-cm] hole
214 lbf [915 N] in 6-in. [15.24-cm] hole
255 lbf [1,130 N] in 1214-in. [31.75-cm] hole
160 lbf [951 N] in 17-in. [43.18-cm] hole
Sensor package coupling force 64 lbf [285 N]
Coupling force/sensor weight ratio 10:1

104 Wireline Services Catalog

SWINGS seismic
navigation and
positioning system
The SWINGS* seismic navigation and
positioning system is used to accu-
rately deploy seismic source equip-
ment and control source vessel
position. It is compatible with the
integrated Q-Borehole seismic sys-
tem. SWINGS system capabilities
include borehole seismic configura-
tions encompassing complex 3D VSP
geometries and seismic measurement
while drilling to optimize borehole seis-
mic operations while providing a con-
sistently high level of service quality.
The SWINGS system continually
relays source position, fix quality, and
other data to the rigside logging unit,
where they are displayed graphically.
The submeter accuracy of the global
positioning system (GPS) provides
source determination within 10 to 16 ft
[3 to 5 m]. The source position is
passed to the MAXIS Multitask
Acquisition and Imaging System at
every shot for immediate recording
with the seismic trace headers to
eliminate any delay in merging navi-
gation and seismic data.
Specifications of this portable and
robust system include
twin internal 12-channel GPS
receivers
pressure transducer interface for
gun pressure monitoring
ultrahigh-frequency (UHF)
telemetry link
dedicated display at the helm.

Application
Accurate source deployment and
positioning for all borehole seismic
surveys

Seismic Imaging Tools and Services 105

 TRISOR seismic
source control
The TRISOR source controller for the
Q-Borehole system was developed from
the industry-leading WesternGeco
TRISOR marine seismic source con-
troller to provide the same stable,
noise-free digital signatures with
advanced source control and quality
control (QC). The TRISOR controller
delivers the clean, consistent signals
necessary for advanced borehole seis-
mic applications, and the consistent
signals also enable fast autotuning for
more efficient operations and more
powerful source strength. In-sea elec-
tronics control each gun and are con-
nected by a ruggedized ethernet cable
for digital communication with the VSI
surface acquisition system. This config-
uration avoids the corruption that may
occur to analog signals carried on con-
Measurement Specifications
TRISOR In-Sea Source Controller
Gun time break (TB) sensor 12-bit resolution at 0.1-ms sampling
Gain: 24 to 24 dB
NFH 16-bit resolution at 0.25-ms sampling
Gain: 24 to 24 dB
Depth sensor 12-bit with one sample per shot
Accuracy: 1.5%
Pressure sensor 12-bit with one sample per shot
Accuracy: 2%
Auxiliary measurements Electronics current, temperature, pressure, humidity
Mechanical Specifications
TRISOR In-Sea Source Controller
Temperature rating Operating: 5 to 131F [15 to 55C]
Storage: 40 to 158F [40 to 70C]
Max. recommended operating 33 ft [10 m]
depth below sea level
106
ventional umbilicals. The direct inter-
face to the VSI acquisition software
allows monitoring surface and down-
hole operations from one integrated
QC panel, which eliminates shot num-
ber mismatches and ensures accurate
recording and reporting of source posi-
tioning and downhole data.
TRISOR gun synchronization accu-
racy is typically 0.1 ms. Continuous
monitoring of the TRISOR QC data sig-
nificantly reduces the possibility of
continuing a survey if there is an equip-
ment malfunction. Safety is also intrin-
sic to TRISOR operations because guns
cannot be fired while out of the water,
and the controller defaults to auto-
matic power-down mode if the cable
becomes disconnected or leakage is
detected.
Other innovative TRISOR features
are as follows:
Depth sensor at sourceThe
source depth is logged with each
shot, but if the measured source
depth is not in a specified range,
the source is prevented from firing.
Pressure sensor at sourceThe
source pressure is logged with each
shot. The pressure sensor prevents
source signature variations caused
by variations of source pressure.
Calibrated near-field hydrophone
(NFH)The integrated NFH pro-
vides a superior signal compared
with conventional hydrophones
for significantly improved source-
signature deconvolution.
Applications
Borehole seismic applications that
require a high-quality, consistent
source signature with calibrated
amplitude
Shot-by-shot source signature
deconvolution
Effective Q-factor derivation from
source to downhole sensor by using
the near-field signature to generate
calibrated far-field signature
Wireline Services Catalog
Q-Borehole Simultaneous
Surface and Borehole
Seismic Services
Dedicated Q-Borehole synchroniza-
tion equipment enables conducting
simultaneous surface and borehole
seismic acquisition with WesternGeco
Q-Land, Q-Marine, and Q-Seabed
services. The VSI Vertical Seismic
Imager is integrally controlled by the
surface acquisition process to provide
a transparent acquisition process and
eliminate the need for additional sur-
vey time. The result is high-resolution
seismic data around the well.
Seismic Imaging Tools and Services
Applications
Borehole calibration of surface
seismic
Optimized reconciliation of log
with borehole and surface
seismic data
Merged navigation records and
consistency of seismic source and
wavelet between borehole and sur-
face seismic data for enhanced and
faster processing and interpretation
Borehole data to optimize surface
seismic acquisition through
tuning
107
Marine Seismic Sources

Schlumberger offers a range of stan-

dard marine seismic sources of differ-
ent strengths. Standardization results
in predictable and consistent source
output. The high-resolution far-field
signatures of all standard seismic
sources are fully characterized, includ-
ing SEG-Y formatting for survey design.
Spectral outputs are also character-
ized for deployment depth, operating
pressure, and air gun chamber size
changes. Characterization tables are
used to match the source to the survey
type for optimal results.

Seismic Source Recommendations
Borehole Seismic Survey Type
Checkshot
Checkshot in deep well
Vertical seismic profile
Deep-well VSP
VSP for deep subsalt imaging
Offset or walkaway VSP
Applications
VSP surveys: zero offset, vertical
incidence, offset, walkaway
Subsalt imaging
Shallow-water surveys
Deepwater and deep wells
Calibration for complex surveys:
anisotropy, amplitude variation
with offset (AVO), subsalt imaging
Repeatability and wavelet match-
Recommended Seismic Source ing for time-lapse surveys
Single gun
Two- or three-gun cluster
Two- or three-gun cluster
Six- or eight-gun array
Dual six- or eight-gun arrays
Dual six- or eight-gun arrays or seismic source boat

Seismic Source Specifications

Source Source Capacity Firing Pressure Zero-Peak Peak-Peak Primary to
Depth (ft [m]) (in.3 [cm3]) (psi [MPa]) Amplitude Amplitude Bubble Ratio
(bar-m) (bar-m)
Single gun 5 [1.52 m] 150 [2,459] 2,000 [14] 3.0 5.3 4.4
Two-gun cluster 3 [0.91 m] 300 [4,917] 2,000 [14] 5.2 9.2 7.5
Three-gun cluster 5 [1.52 m] 450 [7, 375] 2,000 [14] 6.7 12.2 12.2
ITAGA array 3 [0.91 m] 760 [12,456] 2,000 [14] 12.5 22.6 16.4
Magnum* air gun array 3 [0.91 m] 1,200 [19,668] 2,000 [14] 15.5 26.4 16.8

108 Wireline Services Catalog

 Land Seismic Sources

Schlumberger provides land borehole

seismic sources suitable for all types of
terrain.
In open terrain, the vibrator source
provides the best productivity in shots
per hour, particularly when the HFVS
High Fidelity Vibratory Seismic tech-
nique is used. The frequency range and
strength can be controlled to meet sur-
vey requirements.
In difficult or wet terrain where
access by vibrator vehicles is
restricted, the buried air gun, posi-
tioned below the weathered zone,
provides a safe, consistent broad band-
width source that is ideal for zero- and
fixed-offset survey geometries. The
slim housing provides ease of hole
drilling, deployment, and retrieval.
Dynamite is a lightweight, high-band-
width source that is ideal for moving
source geometries such as walkaway
lines in difficult or wet terrain.

Applications
Fixed and moving source geome-
tries for VSP surveys
Sources for all types of terrain

Seismic Imaging Tools and Services 109

Formation
Testing and
Sampling

The MDT Modular Reservoir Dynamics
Tester measures reservoir pressure
quickly and accurately, collects repre-
sentative fluid samples from multiple
layers, and provides permeability and
anisotropy data through a variety of
interval pressure transient tests. The
MDT tool can also be used to conduct a
mini-frac test to obtain the minimum
in situ horizontal stress in several lay-
ers. Its modular design and combin-
ability with almost all Schlumberger
measurement systems make the MDT
tool readily customizable to meet spe-
cific objectives. The MDT platform con-
tinues to evolve, incorporating newly
available measurement technologies
to always feature state-of-the art down-
hole devices for reservoir evaluation
and management needs.
The basic MDT modules are as
follows:
Electronic Power Module (MRPC)
converts power from the surface to
power for the tool modules.
Hydraulic Power Module (MRHY)
contains an electric motor and
pump to provide hydraulic power
for setting and retracting the single-
and dual-probe modules. The MRHY
has an accumulator that enables
automatic retraction of the probes
if electric power fails, which pre-
vents potential stuck tool situa-
tions.
Wireline Services Catalog Formation Testing and Sampling
MDT Modular Formation
Dynamics Tester
Single-Probe Module (MRPS) con-
sists of the probe assembly (i.e.,
packer and telescoping backup pis-
tons), pressure gauges, fluid resis-
tivity and temperature sensors, and
20-cm3 [0.005-gal] pretest chamber.
The MRPS contains both a strain
gauge and the accurate, high-reso-
lution, quick-response CQG Crystal
Quartz Gauge. The volume, rate,
and drawdown of the pretest cham- MPRC
ber can be controlled from the sur-
face and adjusted depending on the
formation characteristics.
Modular Sample Chambers (MRSC)
module is available in three sizes: 1,
2.75, and 6 gal [3.8, 10.4, and 22.7 L].
The 1- and 2.75-gal chambers are
available in H2S and standard ser-
vice versions. Large stock-tank oil
samples can be acquired by extend-
ing the 6-gal chamber in 6-gal incre-
ments by adding FLS* Formation
Logging Service cylinders from the
RFT* Repeat Formation Tester.
MRPS
Applications
Formation pressure measurement
and fluid gradient estimation
Formation fluid sampling and down-
hole fluid analysis
Pretest drawdown mobility values
(permeability/viscosity)
Permeability and permeability
anisotropy determination away
from the well
MRHY
In situ stress determination
MRSC
113
Standard MDT Tool Measurement Specifications
Accuracy Resolution Range
Logging speed Stationary Stationary Stationary
Strain gauge 10 psi [68,947 Pa] 0.1 psi [689 Pa] 0 to 10,000 psi [0 to 69 MPa]
20 psi [137,895 Pa] 0.2 psi [1,379 Pa] 0 to 20,000 psi [0 to 138 MPa]
CQG gauge (2 psi [13,789 Pa] 0.01 psi [69 Pa] 750 to 15,000 psi [5 to 103 MPa]
+ 0.01% of reading) 0.01 psi [69 Pa] 0 to 25,000 psi [0 to 172 MPa]
(4.0 psi [27,579 Pa]
+ 0.012% of reading)
Resistivity 5% of reading 0.001 ohm-m 0.01 to 20 ohm-m
Flowline temperature 1.0F [0.5C] 1.0F [0.5C] 67 to 392F [55 to 200C]
30,000-psi [207-MPa] strain gauge is available on request.
There are several versions of the CQG gauge. The CQG-C and CQG-G gauges are rated to 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 350F [177C].
The HCQG-A gauge is rated to 25,000 psi [172 MPa] and 350F. A 30,000-psi [207-MPa] quartz gauge is available on request.
The 2- and 4-psi accuracy claims include calibration fitting error, hysteresis, repeatability, and some allowance for sensor aging; the corresponding percentages

of the pressure readings account for the incertitude of the calibration equipment.

Basic MDT Modules Mechanical Specifications

MRPC MRHY MRSC MRPS
Temperature rating 392F [200C] 392F [200C] 392F [200C] 392F [200C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 58 in. [14.29 cm] 5 58 in. [14.29 cm] 5 58 in. [14.29 cm] Standard: 5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
Large-hole kit: 8 12 in. [21.59 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 1112 in. [29.21 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit No limit Standard: 14 in. [35.56 cm]
Large-hole kit: 19 in. [48.26 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter 4.75 in. [12.07 cm] 4.75 in. [12.07 cm] 4.75 in. [12.07 cm] Standard: 4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
Large-hole kit: 7.5 in. [19.05 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 10.5 in.
Length 4.98 ft [1.52 m] 8.42 ft [2.57 m] 8.04 ft [2.45 m] 6.25 ft [1.91 m]
Weight 160 lbm [73 kg] 275 lbm [125 kg] 225 lbm [102 kg] 200 lbm [91 kg]
Tension 160,000 lbf [711,710 N] 160,000 lbf [711,710 N] 160,000 lbf [711,710 N] 160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
Compression 85,000 lbf [378,100 N] 85,000 lbf [378,100 N] 85,000 lbf [378,100 N] 85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
H2S service Yes Yes Yes Yes
Excludingthe quartz gauge, the pressure and temperature ratings of the MRPS are 20,000 psi [138 MPa] and 293F [200C], respectively.
These ratings can reduce the dependence on using a quartz gauge, of which there are several versions with various pressure and temperature ratings.
At
15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320F [160C]. These ratings apply to all MDT modules except the Dual-Packer Module (MPRA). The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.

114 Wireline Services Catalog



High-Pressure MDT Modules Mechanical Specifications

MRPC MRHY MRSC MRPS
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 58 in. [14.29 cm] 5 58 in. [14.29 cm] 5 58 in. [14.29 cm] Standard: 5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
Large-hole kit: 8 12 in. [21.59 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 1112 in. [29.21 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit No limit Standard: 14 in. [35.56 cm]
Large-hole kit: 19 in. [48.26 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 22 in. [55.88 cm]]
Outer diameter 5 in. [12.70 cm] 5 in. [12.70 cm] 5 in. [12.70 cm] Standard: 4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
Large-hole kit: 7.5 in. [19.05 cm]
Super-large-hole kit: 10.5 in. [26.67 cm]
Length 4.98 ft [1.52 m] 8.42 ft [2.57 m] 8.04 ft [2.45 m] 6.25 ft [1.91 m]
Weight 160 lbm [73 kg] 275 lbm [125 kg] 225 lbm [102 kg] 200 lbm [91 kg]
Tension 160,000 lbf [711,710 N] 160,000 lbf [711,710 N] 160,000 lbf [711,710 N] 160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
Compression 85,000 lbf [378,100 N] 85,000 lbf [378,100 N] 85,000 lbf [378,100 N] 85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
H2S service Yes Yes Yes Yes
Using the HCQG-A gauge, rated to 25,000 psi [172 MPa] and 350F [177C].
30,000-psi [207-MPa] versions of the MRPC, MRHY, and MRPS are available on request.
At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320F [160C]. These ratings apply to all MDT modules except the MPRA. The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.

Formation Testing and Sampling 115

Advanced MDT Modules

Dual-Packer Module the larger flowing area. In finely lami-

The Dual-Packer Module (MRPA) con- nated formations, the MRPA can be
sists of two inflatable packer elements used to straddle permeable streaks
that seal against the borehole wall to that would be difficult to locate with a
isolate an interval of the borehole. probe. In fractured formations, the
The Pumpout Module is required to MRPA can usually seal the interval
inflate the packers with wellbore whereas a probe could not.
fluid. The length of the test interval For pressure transient testing, fol-
(i.e., the distance between the pack- lowing a large-volume flow from the
ers) is 3.2 ft [0.98 m] and can be formation, the resulting pressure
extended by 2, 5, or 8 ft [0.61, 1.52, or buildup has a radius of investigation
2.44 m]. For the 3.2-ft interval, the of 50 to 80 ft [15 to 24 m]. Similar to a
area of the isolated interval of the small-scale drillstem test (DST), this
borehole is about 3,000 times larger type of testing offers advantages over
than the area of the borehole wall iso- conventional DST tests. It is environ-
lated by an MDT probe. For fluid sam- mentally friendly because no fluids
pling, the large area results in flowing flow to the surface, and it is cost effec-
pressures that are only slightly below tive because many zones can be tested
the reservoir pressure, which avoids in a short time.
phase separation even for pressure- The MRPA can be used to create a
sensitive fluids such as gas conden- micro-hydraulic fracture that can be
sates or volatile oils. In low-perme- pressure tested to determine the min-
ability formations, high drawdown imum in situ stress magnitude. The
usually occurs with the probe, fracture is created by pumping well-
whereas the fluid can be withdrawn bore fluid into the interval between
from the formation using the MRPA the inflatable packer elements.
with minimum pressure drop through

Mechanical Specifications
MRPA
Temperature rating Water-base mud: 320F [160C]
Oil-base mud: 257F [125C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 14 in. [35.56 cm]
Outer diameter 5 to 10 in. [12.70 to 25.40 cm]
The dual-packer module is available in two versions: the standard module and the large-diameter module. The standard module must be
used when element sizes less than 6 34 in. [17.15 cm] are required and no interval spacers can be used. The large-diameter module must
be used for the 10-in. [25.40-cm] diameter elements and in cases when interval spacers are required. The smallest element size for the
large-diameter version is 6 34 in.
There is a wide range of inflatable packer element sizes. Which size is used depends upon the hole size. The smallest inflatable element

has a 5-in. [12.70-cm] diameter for use in holes no smaller than 6 in. [15.24 cm]. The largest inflatable element has a 10-in. [25.40-cm]
diameter, is designed specifically for use with 1214-in. [31.11-cm] bits, and can seal in holes with a diameter up to 14 in. [35.56 cm].

116 Wireline Services Catalog

Dual-Probe Module For a layer less than 2 ft [0.61 m]
In combination with the MRPS, the thick, the combination of the dual-
Dual-Probe Module (MRDP) provides probe and single-probe modules can
measurements for determining both straddle the layer to determine if the
the vertical and horizontal mobility layer is a pressure barrier.
unaffected by near-wellbore perme-
ability alterations. Analysis of a pre-
test pressure transient from only a
single probe cannot separate vertical
from horizontal mobility, nor can it
avoid the effects of near-wellbore
alteration.

Mechanical Specifications
MRDP
Temperature rating 392F [200C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 7 58 in. [19.37 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 1314 in. [33.65 cm]
Outer diameter 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Length 6.75 ft [2.06 m]
MRDP-BA, MRDP-BB, MRDP-BC,
and MRDP-BX: 8.6 ft [2.62 m]
Weight 298 lbm [135 kg]
Tension 160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
Compression 85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
H2S service Yes
At
15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320F [160C]. These ratings apply to all MDT modules except the MPRA.
The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.

Formation Testing and Sampling 117

 Flow-Control Module withdrawal is measured. The total vol-
The Flow-Control Module (MRFC) is ume of withdrawn fluid is limited to 1 L
used to control the withdrawal of fluid [0.26 gal], which is 50 times the vol-
from the formation for specific pres- ume of the pretest chamber in the
sure transient tests that are typically MRPS. Following withdrawal of a 1-L
done in combination with an MRPS- volume, the module can be emptied
MRDP configuration. The withdrawal and used for repeated withdrawals.
of fluid can be accomplished at a The module can be used to provide an
selected rate or pressure that does not extended pretest volume when com-
have to be constant. The rate of fluid bined with the single probe.

Mechanical Specifications
MRFC
Temperature rating 392F [200C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter 4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
Length 7.58 ft [2.31 m]
Weight 250 lbm [113 kg]
Tension 160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
Compression 85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
H2S service Yes
At
15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320F [160C]. These ratings apply to all MDT modules except the MPRA.
The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.

118 Wireline Services Catalog

Pumpout Module
The Pumpout Module (MRPO) is used
to flow fluids from the reservoir at a
controlled flowing pressure. Pressure
control is required to avoid the sepa-
ration of phases (i.e., gas or solids sep-
arating from oil, or liquid condensing
from gas). Representative fluid sam-
ples require a single-phase fluid.
Pressure control is accomplished
by varying the duty cycle (i.e., motor
voltage) or motor speed. The engineer
changes the duty cycle or motor speed
until the flowing pressure, as mea-
sured by the pressure gauge (located
where the fluid enters the tool), is
safely above the pressure at which the
phases separate. The LFA* Live Fluid
Analyzer, CFA* Composition Fluid Anal-
yzer, or both these modules are used in
combination with the MRPO to detect
phase separation.
Fluid is withdrawn from the forma-
tion and pumped into the wellbore
fluid system until an acceptably low
Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
H2S service
25,000-psi
[172-MPa] and 30,000 psi [207-MPa] versions are available upon request.
At
15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320F [160C]. These ratings apply to all MDT modules except the MPRA.
The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.
Formation Testing and Sampling
percentage of drilling fluid filtrate
contamination is achieved. The LFA
module is used to measure the level
of filtrate contamination. The fluid is
then diverted to a sample chamber,
where it is preserved for later analy-
sis.
The fluid exits the MRPO at a pres-
sure equalized to the wellbore hydro-
static pressure. The rate at which the
fluid flows depends upon the differ-
ence between the wellbore pressure
and the flowing pressure. At differen-
tial pressures above several thousand
pounds per square inch [several tens
of megapascals], the flow rates are as
low as 0.5 L/min [0.13 gal/min]. At dif-
ferential pressures as low as a few
hundred pounds per square inch [1 to
2 MPa], the flow rates are as high as
2 L/min [0.5 gal/min]. The maximum
differential pressure is 3,500 psi
[24 MPa] for the standard displace-
ment unit and 5,500 psi [38 MPa] for
the high-pressure displacement unit.
MRPO
392F [200C]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
22 in. [55.88 cm]
4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
10.63 ft [3.24 m]
340 lbm [154 kg]
160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
Yes
119
 LFA Live Fluid Analyzer near-infrared wavelengths is used to
Both the MRPO and LFA Live-Fluid determine the percentage of oil-base
Analyzer are required in the MDT tool- mud filtrate in oil. The LFA module
string for fluid sampling. The LFA mod- also measures methane content and
ule measures the percentage of drilling hydrocarbon content. From the ratio of
fluid filtrate mixed with the formation the two, the gas/oil ratio (GOR) is cal-
fluid as a function of time. This mea- culated using a measurement made on
surement is the basis for making real- oil above the bubblepoint.
time decisions on when to stop In addition to measuring contami-
discarding the fluid to the wellbore and nation, the LFA module detects the
capture the sample in a chamber. The presence of gas if the flowing pressure
filtrate percentage is determined with is below the bubblepoint. The engineer
a 10-channel optical spectrometer. is alerted to slow the pumping rate to
Specific near-infrared wavelengths are raise the pressure above the bubble-
used to determine the percentage of point to avoid phase separation. The
water-base filtrate in oil or of oil-base presence of a distinct gas phase is
filtrate in water. A range of visible and detected with an optical refractometer.

Mechanical Specifications
LFA Live-Fluid Analyzer
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter 4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
Length 6.17 ft [1.88 m]
Weight 187 lbm [85 kg]
H2S service Yes
25,000-psi [172-MPa] and 30,000-psi [207-MPa] versions are available upon request.

120 Wireline Services Catalog

CFA Composition Computation of the GOR or its
Fluid Analyzer inverse, the condensate/gas ratio(CGR),
of the flowline fluid extends the
The recent addition of the CFA mod- range of GOR measurement to about
ule to the MDT suite samples and per- 30,000 scf/STB from the LFA maxi-
forms real-time compositional analysis mum GOR of 2,500.
of retrograde gases, condensates, and In a hydrocarbon-bearing forma-
volatile oils. The module has two tion the CFA analyzer is used to char-
detectors, a fluorescence device and acterize the fluid with respect to
an optical spectrometer. If liquids depth. The CFA compositional analy-
drop out from the gas phase, the dew sis at various depths provides compo-
that forms can be detected by an sitional grading within the oil column
increase in the fluorescence level. The below the gas zone. This information
fluorescence detector ensures that is valuable for reservoir engineers but
the sample is above the dewpoint and was previously difficult to obtain.
in single-phase condition for gas sam- The CFA analyzer can be used in
pling. The optical spectrometer is combination with the LFA analyzer to
based on principles similar to those provide a total of 20 optical channels
of the LFA analyzer. However, the downhole for real-time assurance of
spread of the optical density channels single-phase conditions, detection of
enables the tool to measure the opti- contamination, and measurement of
cal density at the peaks corresponding composition.
to methane (C1), ethane to pentane
group (C2 to C5), heavier hydrocarbon
molecules (C6+), carbon dioxide, and
water to quantitatively measure their
downhole concentrations.

Mechanical Specifications
CFA Analyzer
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter 4.75 in. [12.07 cm]
Length 5.1 ft [1.55 m]
With handling caps: 6.6 ft [2.01 m]
Weight 161 lbm [73 kg]
H2S service Yes
25,000-psi [172-MPa] and 30,000-psi [207-MPa] versions are available upon request.

Formation Testing and Sampling 121

MDT Low-Shock Sampling
The successful collection of represen-
tative pressure-volume-temperature
(PVT) samples requires low filtrate
contamination and flowing pressure
above the pressure at which the phases
separate. Fluid is pumped from the for-
mation to the wellbore until the LFA
Live Fluid Analyzer indicates that both
conditions are met. Low-shock sam-
pling refers to capturing the fluid in
the sample chamber or sample bottle
without disrupting the flowing pres-
sure.
Sample chambers and bottles con-
sist of a cylinder with a valve at the top
and opening at the bottom and contain
a sliding piston. While the fluid is
122
pumped from the formation to the
wellbore, the valve at the top is closed
and the piston is positioned at the top
of the cylinder. Beneath the piston in
the cylinder is water. Because there is
an opening at the bottom, the water
pressure in the cylinder is equal to the
wellbore hydrostatic pressure. Sample
capture begins by opening the valve at
the top and pumping fluid into the bot-
tle rather than to the wellbore. The
entering fluid pushes the piston down
and causes the water to exit to the
wellbore. Because the pump is pushing
fluid to the wellbore, there is no
change in the flowing pressure follow-
ing opening of the valve. With this
innovative technique, low-shock sam-
pling minimizes pressure disruption.
Previous methods of sampling did
not employ an opening at the bottom of
the chamber. Before sampling, the
internal pressure was close to the
atmospheric pressure. When the valve
at the top of the cylinder was opened, a
sudden pressure reduction occurred.
The reduction was typically sufficiently
large to induce phase separation,
resulting in an unrepresentative sam-
ple. It could even cause a shock so large
that the formation would collapse,
resulting in a loss of seal and the entry
of drilling fluid to the tool.
Wireline Services Catalog
 MDT Multisample Module

The MDT Multisample Module (MRMS) transportable and therefore must be

can retrieve six representative forma- transferred at the wellsite. Heating to
tion fluid samples on a single trip into the reservoir temperature is required
the well. Two types of sample bottles for revaporizing condensed liquids in
can be used in the MRMS: gas condensate samples, and heating
to 180F [82C] is required for recom-
Multisample Production Sample
bining wax precipitants.
Receptacle (MPSR)
The SPMC maintains the sample
Single-Phase Multisample Module pressure at or above the reservoir
(SPMC). pressure despite the reduction in tem-
The MRMS may be fitted with any perature at the surface. The SPMC
combination of MPSR and SPMC bot- must be used to prevent asphaltene
tles. A maximum of five MRMS mod- solids from precipitating in oil sam-
ules (i.e., a total of 30 bottles) can be ples because the precipitation of
combined in one toolstring. asphaltenes can be irreversible. The
The MPSR bottle has a 450-cm3 opening pressure on MPSR samples is
[0.12-gal] volume and is approved for much lower than the reservoir pres-
transport by the U.S. Department of sure because of the reduction in tem-
Transportation (DOT). It can be perature at the surface. Gas, liquid,
heated to 200F [93C] for recombin- and solid phases separate within the
ing the sample but is not suitable for MPSR bottle, and the sample cannot
long-term storage. The SPMC has a be validated, transferred, or analyzed
250-cm3 [0.07-gal] volume and can be until it has been recombined.
heated to 400F [204C]. It is not DOT

Mechanical Specifications
MRMS
Temperature rating 392F [200C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 5 58 in. [14.29 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter 5 in. [12.70 cm] (max.)
Length 13.19 ft [4.02 m]
Weight 465 lbm [211 kg] (max.)
Tension 160,000 lbf [711,710 N]
Compression 85,000 lbf [378,100 N]
At 15,000 psi [103 MPa] and 320F [160C]. These ratings apply to all MDT modules except the Dual-Packer Module (MPRA).
The compressive load is a function of temperature and pressure.

Formation Testing and Sampling 123

SRFT Slimhole Repeat
Formation Tester
The SRFT* Slimhole Repeat Form-
ation Testerwith a 3 38-in. [8.57-cm]
outer diameter (OD)brings wire-
line formation tester services to small-
diameter boreholes. It can also be run
in wells where conventional tools
cannot operate because of abrupt
changes in angle, swelling formations,
hole restrictions, and other drilling
problems.
The SRFT tool can be repeatedly
set and retracted during a single trip
in the well. The CQG Crystal Quartz
Gauge is used to provide quick, accu-
rate pressure measurements. One seg-
regated sample can be recovered in a
sample bottle that is DOT approved
for transport. Alternatively, two fluid
samples can be recovered from two
different depths.
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Accuracy
Special applications
124
Sample chambers are available in
two sizes: 450 cm3 [0.12 gal] and 238 gal
[9 L]. An optional water cushion is
used to reduce the shock resulting
from pressure drawdown when a sam-
ple chamber is opened for sampling.
Applications
Formation pressure measurement
in slim holes, short-radius horizon-
tal wells, and unstable or restricted
wells
Fluid sampling in slim holes, short-
radius horizontal wells, and unsta-
ble or restricted wells
SRFT Tool
Pressure measurement, fluid samples
Stationary measurements
0 to 20,000 psi [0 to 138 MPa] at up to 350F [177C]
CQG gauge:
Accuracy: (2 psi [13,789 Pa] + 0.01% of reading)
Resolution: 0.003 psi [21 Pa]
Strain gauge: 5,000-, 10,000-, and 20,000-psi
[34-, 69-, and 138-MPa] ranges
Accuracy: 0.1% of full scale
Resolution: 0.001% of full scale
Slim or restricted holes
Wireline Services Catalog
Mechanical Specifications
SRFT Tool
Standard Probe and Piston Telescoping Pistons (SRTP) Large-Hole Kit (SRLH)
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4.125 in. [10.48 cm] 4.8 in. [12.19 cm] 6.5 in. [16.51 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 6.3 in. [16.00 cm] 7.8 in. [19.81 cm] 9.8 in. [24.89 cm]
Outer diameter Fully retracted: 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] Fully retracted: 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] Fully retracted: 4.5 in. [11.43 cm]
Fully extended: 6.5 in. [16.51 cm] Fully extended: 8.0 in. [20.32 cm] Fully extended: 10.0 in. [25.40 cm]
Length 22.23 ft [6.77 m] 22.23 ft [6.77 m] 22.23 ft [6.77 m]
Weight 455 lbm [206 kg] 455 lbm [206 kg] 455 lbm [206 kg]
Tension 35,000 lbf [155,690 N] 35,000 lbf [155,690 N] 35,000 lbf [155,690 N]
Compression 3,900 lbf [17,350 N] 3,900 lbf [17,350 N] 3,900 lbf [17,350 N]
Minimum borehole size is dependent on the borehole conditions and whether the SRFT tool is run on cable or pipe.
If an SRFT tool with telescoping pistons is set in a hole smaller than recommended, the larger section of the telescoping pistons will touch the borehole. Standoffs should be used in this case.

Sample Chamber Specifications

SRSU-AA with MPSR-BA SRSC-AA Water Cushion (SRSW-AA)
Capacity 450 cm3 [0.12 gal] 2.375 gal [9.0 L] 2.375 gal [9.0 L]
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 4.45 ft [1.36 m] 9.31 ft [2.84 m] 9.11 ft [2.78 m]
Weight 106 lbm [48 kg] 97 lbm [44 kg] 91 lbm [41 kg]
Special applications DOT-approved MPSR H2S service H2S service
H2S service Optional water cushion for SRSC-AA
PVT samples
The SRSU is only the carrier and also provides water cushion for the MPSR.
Rated to 20,000 psi [138 MPa] for both internal and external pressure.
The SRSW filled with water weighs 111 lbm [50 kg].

Formation Testing and Sampling 125

CHDT Cased Hole
Dynamics Tester
The technologically advanced CHDT
Cased Hole Dynamics Tester, a compo-
nent of the ABC Analysis Behind
Casing suite of services, makes multi-
ple pressure measurements and col-
lects fluid samples from behind a
cased wellbore. Developed with sup-
port from the Gas Technology Insti-
tute (GTI), the CHDT tool has the
unique ability to drill through a cased
borehole and into the formation,
acquire multiple pressure measure-
ments, recover high-quality fluid sam-
ples, and then plug the hole made in
the casing to restore pressure
integrityin a single trip. The restor-
ation of pressure integrity saves the
costs associated with conventional
plug-setting runs, cement-squeeze
operations, pressure tests, and scraper
runs as well as the rig costs associated
with these operations.
The tool seals against the casing
and uses a flexible drill shaft to pene-
trate both the casing and cement and
into the formation. As the drill pene-
trates the target, the integrated
instrument package simultaneously
monitors pressure, fluid resistivity,
and drilling parameters. This addi-
tional information about the casing/
cement/formation interfaces enables
real-time quality control of the opera-
tion.
The CHDT tool is combinable with
MDT modules in 6 58-in. [16.83-cm]
and larger casing. The module combi-
nations are used to perform high-qual-
ity single-phase sampling, enhanced
126
fluid identification, and contamina-
tion monitoring, which were previ-
ously possible only for openhole
applications. In combination with the
other through-casing formation evalu-
ation tools in the ABC services
suiteCHFR-Plus Cased Hole Form-
ation Resistivity tool, RSTPro Reser-
voir Saturation tool, CHFD Cased Hole
Formation Density service, CHFP
Cased Hole Formation Porosity ser-
vice, and DSI Dipole Shear Sonic
Imagerthe CHDT tool delivers com-
prehensive reservoir analysis behind
casing.
Applications
Evaluation of old wells for bypas-
sed hydrocarbons
Development of critical economic
data for well evaluation
Reduced risk alternative to open-
hole formation testing under diffi-
cult conditions
Pressure monitoring during water,
steam, and CO2 injection
Identification of collector zones in
gas storage wells
Stress testing and leakoff evalua-
tion in cased holes
Production and injection through
known-diameter drillholes
Wireline Services Catalog
Measurement Specifications
CHDT Tool
Output Behind-casing pressure measurement, PVT and conventional fluid samples, fluid mobility
Logging speed Stationary
Accuracy CQG gauge: (2 psi [13,789 Pa] + 0.01% of reading) (accuracy), 0.1 psi [689 Pa] (resolution)
Depth of drillhole 6 in. [152 mm] (max. from casing)
Drillhole diameter 0.281 in. [7.137 mm]
Pretest volume 6.1 in.3 [100 cm3]
Limitations Max. casing thickness: 0.5 in. [1.27 cm]
Combinability MDT modules, another CHDT tool, most other tools
Special applications Up to six holes drilled and plugged per run
H2S service
Fluid identification (resistivity and LFA Live Fluid Analyzer)
Combinable with MDT modules in 6 58-in. [16.83-cm] and larger casing
Formation and casing dependent

Mechanical Specifications
CHDT Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Max. underbalance: 4,000 psi [27 MPa]
Plug rating: 10,000 psi [69 MPa] (bi-directional)
Casing sizemin. 5 12 in. [13.97 cm]
Casing sizemax. 9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
Outside diameter 4.25 in. [10.79 cm]
Length Pressure measurement only: 34.1 ft [10.4 m]
Optional sample chamber: 9.7 ft [2.96 m]
Weight Depends on configuration
Tension Depends on configuration
Compression Depends on configuration

Formation Testing and Sampling 127

Mechanical Sidewall
Coring Tool
The standard configuration of the for accurate, real-time depth control
rotary Mechanical Sidewall Coring of the coring points.
Tool (MSCT) recovers 50 core sam-
ples. Optional configurations for
recovering 75 core or 20 core-catcher Applications
(dictated by core-catcher capacity) Lithology analysis
samples are available. Each sample is Secondary porosity analysis
isolated for positive identification, Porosity and permeability
and a summary output at surface lists determination
all samples with the exact depth and
time that each was taken.
Confirmation of hydrocarbon shows
The real-time display at the logging Determination of clay content
unit confirms proper tool operation Determination of grain density
and sample acquisition. The MSCT is Lithology determination
run in combination with a gamma ray
tool to correlate with openhole logs
Detection of fracture occurrence

Measurement Specifications
MSCT
Output Sidewall core samples
Logging speed Stationary
Coring time (avg): 3 to 5 min per core
Range of measurement Core size: 2 in. [50.8 mm] long 0.92 in.
[23.4 mm] diameter
Depth of core sample Core length: 1.5 or 1.75 in. [38.1 or 44.4 mm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Special applications
The MCFU-AA is used for 50 cores per descent and the MCCU is used for 20 cores per descent.

Mechanical Specifications
MSCT
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating Standard: 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
High pressure: 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 614 in. [15.87 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 19 in. [48.26 cm]
Outer diameter 5 38 in. [13.65 cm]
Length 31.29 ft [9.54 m]
Weight 750 lbm [340 kg]
Tension 22,900 lbf [101,860 N]
Compression 12,500 lbf [55,600 N]
The MSCT-A can be run at 400F [204C] with a Dewar flask (UDFH-KF). Successful jobs have also been performed at 425F [218C].
With the standoffs removed, the MSCT can be stripped down to 5 in. [12.70 cm] and run in 5 78-in. [14.92-cm] holes.
The sonde weighs 580 lbm [263 kg].

128 Wireline Services Catalog

 CST Chronological
Sample Taker
The CST* Chronological Sample Taker The CST guns vary in the number
can collect up to 90 core samples in of bullets per gun. Bullet designs are
one trip using a series of core recovery available for optimum core recovery in
bullets. This percussion-type gun is various ranges of formation consolida-
accurately depth positioned by using tion. The recovered samples are usu-
an SP or gamma ray log. A surface- ally large enough for conducting core
controlled, electrically ignited powder analysis.
charge fires a hollow cylindrical bullet
into the formation at each sample
depth. Each bullet is attached by two Applications
retaining wires to the gun; these are Porosity measurement
used to retrieve the bullet and core. Permeability estimate
The wires have a breaking strength of Lithology identification
approximately 1,800 lbf [8,000 N] to
release the gun from the core bullet,
Grain size, density, and shape
which prevents a stuck core resulting indication
in a stuck CST tool. Hydrocarbon identification
Oil, gas, and water volume
estimates

Measurement Specifications
CST Tool
Output Sidewall cores
Logging speed Stationary
Mud type or weight limitations Hydrostatic pressure and formation characteristics determine
charge selection
Combinability Usually run with PGGT* Powered Gun Gamma Ray Tool
for correlation
Up to 3 guns can be used to collect a maximum of 90 core samples
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
CST Tool
Temperature rating Explosive charges: 280F [138C] for 1 hr or 450F
[232C] for 1 hr
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 418 in. [10.48 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 25 in. [63.50 cm]
Outer diameter 3 38 to 5.25 in. [8.57 to 13.33 cm]
Length 6.83 to 17.08 ft [2.08 to 5.21 m]
Weight 125 to 406 lbm [57 to 184 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [222,410 N]
Compression 23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
Depends on the gun, see CST Sample Gun Specifications

Formation Testing and Sampling 129

CST Sample Gun Specifications
CST-AA CST-BA CST-C CST-DA CST-G CST-G60N CST-G60P CST-G60Y
Core samples 30 30 30 30 30 60 60 60
Temperature rating 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 280F [138C] 280F [138C] 280F [138C] 280F [138C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 8 12 in. [21.59 cm] 8 12 in. [21.59 cm] 8 12 in. [21.59 cm] 8 12 in. [21.59 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 618 in. [15.55 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 25 in. [63.50 cm] 25 in. [63.50 cm] 25 in. [63.50 cm] 25 in. [63.50 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm]
Outer diameter 514 in. [13.33 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 514 in. [13.33 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 4 38 in. [11.11 cm]
Length 9.08 ft [2.77 m] 7.92 ft [2.41 m] 7.86 ft [2.39 m] 11.42 ft [3.48 m] 9.50 ft [2.89 m] 17.08 ft [5.21 m] 17.08 ft [5.21 m] 16.71 ft [5.09 m]
Weight 262 lbm [119 kg] 229 lbm [104 kg] 200 lbm [91 kg] 326 lbm [148 kg] 175 lbm [79 kg] 308 lbm [140 kg] 308 lbm [140 kg] 308 lbm [140 kg]

CST Sample Gun Specifications

CST-GY CST-J CST-U CST-V CST-W CST-Y CST-Z
Core samples 30 25 24 21 12 21 30
Temperature rating 280F [138C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C] 450F [232C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 618 in. [15.56 cm] 418 in. [10.46 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 4 34 in. [12.07 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 8 12 in. [21.59 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 10 in. [25.40 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 1212 in. [31.75 cm] 25 in. [63.50 cm]
Outer diameter 4 38 in. [11.11 cm] 338 in. [8.57 cm] 4 38 in. [11.11 cm] 4 38 in. [11.11 cm] 4 38 in. [11.11 cm] 4 38 in. [11.11 cm] 514 in. [13.33 cm]
Length 9.50 ft [2.89 m] 12.92 ft [3.93 m] 6.83 ft [2.08 m] 7.60 ft [2.32 m] 8.08 ft [2.46 m] 7.60 ft [2.32 m] 11.42 ft [3.48 m]
Weight 175 lbm [79 kg] 187 lbm [85 kg] 125 lbm [57 kg] 168 lbm [76 kg] 148 lbm [67 kg] 168 lbm [76 kg] 406 lbm [184 kg]

130 Wireline Services Catalog

Well Integrity
Evaluation

Cement bond tools measure the bond
between the casing and the cement
placed in the annulus between the
casing and the wellbore. The mea-
surement is made by using acoustic
sonic and ultrasonic tools. In the case
of sonic tools, the measurement is
usually displayed on a cement bond
log (CBL) in millivolt units, decibel
attenuation, or both. Reduction of the
reading in millivolts or increase of the
decibel attenuation is an indication of
better-quality bonding of the cement
behind the casing to the casing wall.
Factors that affect the quality of the
cement bonding are
cement job design and execution
as well as effective mud removal
compressive strength of the cement
in place
temperature and pressure changes
applied to the casing after
cementing
epoxy resin applied to the outer
wall of the casing.
Wireline Services Catalog Well Integrity Evaluation
Cement Bond Logging Tools
Slim Array Sonic Tool
The Slim Array Sonic Tool (SSLT) is a
digital sonic tool that provides con-
ventional openhole sonic measure-
ments, standard CBL amplitude and
Variable Density log (VDL), and atten-
uation measurements, which are less
affected by borehole environmental
conditions. The SSLT can also make
a short-spacing (1-ft [0.30-m]) CBL
measurements for cement evaluation
in fast formations. The two transmit-
ters and six receivers of the SSLT
sonde have transmitterreceiver
spacings of 1, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5 ft
[0.30, 0.91, 1.07, 1.22, 1.37, and 1.52 m]
to compute the following:
standard 3-ft CBL and 5-ft VDL
measurements
borehole-compensated (BHC)
attenuation from the 3.5- and
4.5-ft spacing receivers
near-pseudoattenuation from
the 3-ft spacing receivers
short-spacing attenuation from
the 1-ft spacing receiver for cement
bond measurement in fast forma-
tions that may affect the standard
3-ft spacing.
DSLT
SSLT QSLT
SCMT
HSLT
133
SlimXtreme Sonic Cement bond log from through most tubings to evaluate the
Logging Tool Hostile Environment casing below. In new wells the SCMT is
an excellent tool for evaluating casing
The SlimXtreme Sonic Logging Tool Sonic Logging Tool that is 7 58 in. [19.36 cm] or less.
(QSLT) provides the same measure- The Hostile Environment Sonic Logging The SCMT features a single trans-
ments as the SSLT of the cement bond Tool (HSLT) provides the same mea- mitter, two receivers spaced at 3 and
amplitude, attenuation, and Variable surements of the cement bond ampli- 5 ft from the transmitter, and eight seg-
Density display for evaluation of the tude and Variable Density display for mented receivers 2 ft [0.61 m] from the
cement bond quality of a cemented evaluation of the cement bond quality transmitter. The output of the near
casing in high-pressure and high-tem- of a cemented casing string as the (3-ft) receiver is used for CBL and
perature environments. SSLT in high-pressure and high-tem- transit-time measurement. The output
perature environments. of the far (5-ft) receiver is used for the
VDL measurement. The eight seg-
Cement bond log from Digital mented receivers generate a radial
Sonic Logging Tool Slim Cement Mapping Tool image of the cement bond variation.
The Digital Sonic Logging Tool (DSLT) The Slim Cement Mapping Tool
uses the Sonic Logging Sonde (SLS) to (SCMT) is a through-tubing cement Applications
measure the cement bond amplitude evaluation tool combinable with the Evaluation of cement quality
and provide a Variable Density display PS Platform production logging service
for evaluation of the cement bond for a variety of well diagnostics. It
Determination of zone isolation
quality of a cemented casing string. comes in two sizes: 11116 in. [4.29 cm] Location of cement top
Variable Density or x-y waveform dis- for the standard (302F [150C]) tem-
play of the sonic signal is presented in perature rating and 2116 in. [5.24 cm]
conjunction with the bond index and with a 392F [200C] temperature rat-
amplitude signal. The DSLT is also ing. The SCMT is suitable for running
used in the open borehole environment workover operations and in new wells.
for conventional sonic measurements SCMT operations provide a clear
of BHC (3- to 5-ft) transit time and long- advantage in workover wells because
spacing depth-derived BHC (DDBHC) there is no need to pull tubing above
(9- to 11-ft [2.74 to 3.35-m]) transit the zone of interest for cement evalua-
time. tion. The SCMT is capable of running

Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Vertical resolution
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
SSLT
3-ft [0.91-m] CBL and attenuation,
1-ft [0.30-m] attenuation, 5-ft [1.52-m]
Variable Density log
3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Near attenuation: 1 ft [0.30 m]
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
CBL: Casing and cement interface
VDL: Depends on bonding and formation
None
Part of SlimAccess system
Logging through drillpipe,
tubing, and in small casing
Fast formations
QSLT DSLT HSLT SCMT-C and SCMT-H
3-ft [0.91-m] CBL and attenuation, 3-ft [0.91-m] amplitude CBL 3-ft [0.91-m] amplitude CBL, 5-ft [1.52-m] 3-ft [0.91-m] amplitude CBL, 5-ft [1.52-m]
1-ft [0.30-m] attenuation, 5-ft [1.52-m] With SLS-C and SLS-D: 5-ft [1.52-m] Variable Density log Variable Density log,
Variable Density log Variable Density log cement bond variation map
3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h] 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Near attenuation: 1 ft [0.30 m] CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m] CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m] CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m]
CBL: 3 ft [0.91 m] VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m] VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m] VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m]
VDL: 5 ft [1.52 m] Cement bond variation map: 2 ft [0.61 m]
CBL: Casing and cement interface CBL: Casing and cement interface CBL: Casing and cement interface CBL: Casing and cement interface
VDL: Depends on bonding and formation VDL: Depends on bonding and formation VDL: Depends on bonding and formation VDL: Depends on bonding and formation
None None None None
Part of SlimXtreme system Combinable with most tools Part of Xtreme system, Combinable with PS Platform system
combinable with most tools
Logging through drillpipe, Logging through drillpipe, tubing,
tubing, and in small casing and in small casing
Fast formations Fast formations

Mechanical Specifications
SSLT QSLT DSLT HSLT SCMT-C and SCMT-H
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 500F [260C] 302F [150C] 500F [260C] SCMT-C: 302F [150C]
SCMT-H: 392F [200C]
Pressure rating 14,000 psi [97 MPa] 30,000 psi [207 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 15,000 psi [104 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 312 in. [8.89 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] 512 in. [13.97 cm] SCMT-C: 2 38 in. [6.03 cm]
SCMT-H: 2 78 in. [7.30 cm]
Casing sizemax. 8 58 in. [21.91 cm] 8 58 in. [21.91 cm] 13 38 in. [33.97 cm] 13 38 in. [33.97 cm] 7 58 in. [19.37 cm]
Outer diameter 2.5 in. [6.35 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm] 3.625 in. [9.21 cm] 3.875 in. [9.84 cm] SCMT-C: 11116 in. [4.29 cm]
SCMT-H: 2.06 in. [5.23 cm]
Length 23.1 ft [7.04 m] Without inline centralizer: 23 ft [7.00 m] With SLS-E: 20.63 ft [6.29 m] 25.5 ft [7.77 m] SCMT-C: 23.45 ft [7.14 m]
With inline centralizer: 29.9 ft [9.11 m] With SLS-F: 23.81 ft [7.26 m] SCMT-H: 28.85 ft [8.79 m]
Weight 232 lbm [105 kg] 270 lbm [122 kg] With SLS-E: 313 lbm [142 kg] 440 lbm [199 kg] SCMT-C: 100 lbm [45 kg]
With SLS-F: 353 lbm [160 kg] SCMT-H: 162 lbm [73 kg]
Tension 13,000 lbf [57,830 N] 13,000 lbf [57,830 N] 29,700 lbf [132,110 N] 20,000 lbf [88,960 N] 5,900 lbf [26,240 N]
Compression 4,400 lbf [19,570 N] 4,400 lbf [19,570 N] 2,870 lbf [12,270 N] 6,000 lbf [26,690 N] 150 lbf [670 N]
In air

134 Wireline Services Catalog

USI UltraSonic Imager Tool Applications
The USI UltraSonic Imager tool Cement evaluation
(USIT) uses a single transducer Casing inspection
mounted on an Ultrasonic Rotating Corrosion detection and
Sub (USRS) on the bottom of the tool. monitoring
The transmitter emits ultrasonic
pulses between 200 and 700 kHz and Detection of internal and exter-
measures the received ultrasonic nal damage or deformation
waveforms reflected from the internal Casing thickness analysis for
and external casing interfaces. The collapse and burst pressure
rate of decay of the waveforms calculations
received indicates the quality of the
cement bond at the cement/casing
interface, and the resonant frequency
of the casing provides the casing wall
thickness required for pipe inspec-
tion. Because the transducer is
mounted on the rotating sub, the
entire circumference of the casing is
scanned. This 360 data coverage
enables the evaluation of the quality
of the cement bond as well as the
determination of the internal and
external casing condition. The very
high angular and vertical resolutions
can detect channels as narrow as
1.2 in. [3.05 cm]. Cement bond, thick-
ness, internal and external radii, and
self-explanatory maps are generated
in real time at the wellsite.

Well Integrity Evaluation 135

Measurement Specifications
USIT
Output Acoustic impedance, cement bonding to casing, internal radius, casing thickness
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement Acoustic impedance: 0 to 10 MRayl [0 to 10 MPa.s/m]
Vertical resolution Standard: 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Accuracy Less than 3.3 MRayl: 0.5 MRayl
Depth of investigation Casing-to-cement interface
Mud type or weight limitations Water-base mud: Up to 15.9 lbm/gal
Oil-base mud: Up to 11.2 lbm/gal
Combinability Bottom only tool, combinable with most tools
Special applications Identification and orientation of narrow channels
Exact value depends on the type of mud system and casing size.

Mechanical Specifications
USIT
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Casing sizemax. 13 38 in. [33.97 cm]
Outer diameter 3 38 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 19.75 ft [6.02 m]
Weight 333 lbm [151 kg]
Tension 40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
Compression 4,000 lbf [17,790 N]
Excluding the rotating sub

USIT Rotating Sub Mechanical Specifications

USRS-AB USRS-A USRS-B USRS-C USRS-D
Outer diameter 3.41 in. [8.66 cm] 3.58 in. [9.09 cm] 4.625 in. [11.75 cm] 6.625 in. [16.83 cm] 8.625 in. [21.91 cm]
Length 9.8 in. [24.89 cm] 9.92 in. [25.20 cm] 9.8 in. [24.89 cm] 8.3 in. [21.08 cm] 8.3 in. [21.08 cm]
Weight 7.7 lbm [3.5 kg] 7.7 lbm [3.5 kg] 10.6 lbm [4.8 Kg] 15.0 lbm [6.8 kg] 18.3 lbm [8.3 kg]

136 Wireline Services Catalog

 Corrosion Monitoring

UCI Ultrasonic Casing Imager Applications

The UCI* Ultrasonic Corrosion Imager Casing integrity evaluation
is an evolution of the USI UltraSonic Identification, location, and quan-
Imager. The UCI tool provides all the tification of casing corrosion
answers required to locate, identify, Estimated damage to casing
and quantify casing damage or corro- caused by milling, fishing, or plas-
sion. The design is specifically engi- tic deformation
neered for high-azimuthal-resolution
images and detailed examination of
Internal and external metal loss
both the inner and outer surfaces of Internal and external scale buildup
casing ranging from 412 to 13 38 in. Location and identification of per-
[11.43 to 33.97 cm]. The result is forated intervals
improved echo detection, even in out- Identification of casing holes
of-shape casing and on rough surfaces.
Full azimuthal coverage with a
Identification of casing profile and
2-MHz focused ultrasonic transducer weight changes
is used to analyze the reflections. Identification of centralizers and
Signal arrivals are analyzed to provide other casing anomalies
the casing thickness and surface con-
dition images, and even small defects
on both internal and external casing
surfaces are quantified. An improved
centralization system ensures proper
centralization even in horizontal
wells, and eccentering effects are
reduced through wellsite signal cor-
rection.

Well Integrity Evaluation 137

Measurement Specifications
UCI Tool
Output Amplitude image, casing thickness image, internal radius image, fluid velocity
Logging speed 3,000 ft/hr [914 m/h]
High resolution: 400 ft/hr [122 m/h]
Range of measurement Min. casing thickness:
In water = 0.15 in. [0.38 cm]
In attenuated fluids, including oil-base mud = 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
Vertical resolution High resolution: 0.2 in. [0.51 cm]
High speed (3,000 ft/hr]: 1.5 in. [3.81 cm]
Accuracy Ratio of internal radius to thickness: 0.04 in. [1 mm]
Casing thickness: 4%
Depth of investigation Thickness of casing
Mud type or weight limitations Oil-base mud: No solids
Water-base mud: Solids content < 5% and mud density less than 1.9 g/cm3 [15.9 lbm/gal]
Combinability Bottom-only tool, combinable with most tools
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
UCI Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Casing sizemax. 13 38 in. [33.97 cm]
Outer diameter USRS-AB: 3.41 in. [8.66 cm]
USRS-A: 3.56 in. [9.04 cm]
USRS-B: 4.65 in. [11.81 cm]
USRS-C: 6.69 in. [16.99 cm]
USRS-D: 8.66 in. [22.00 cm]
Length Without sub: 19.73 ft [6.01 m]
Weight Without sub: 333 lbm [151 kg]
Tension 40,000 lbf [177,930 N]
Compression 4,000 lbf [17,790 N]
Minimum and maximum casing sizes depend on the sub used.

138 Wireline Services Catalog

CPET Corrosion Protection
Evaluation Tool
The CPET* Corrosion Protection
Evaluation Tool provides critical infor-
mation for cost-effective cathodic pro-
tection programs. CPET analysis
features state-of-the-art accuracy and
reliability. The resulting log describes
how well the cathodic protection is
performing and advises whether new
wells need cathodic protection.
Accurate measurement of the cas-
ing potential requires good contact
between the tool and the casing. To
meet this requirement, the CPET tool
has four sets of electrodes and per-
forms in any wellbore fluid. This
advanced design eliminates the
expense of acid washing the casing
and displacing the wellbore fluid with
oilsteps that are usually necessary
before other evaluation tools can be
run, along with the rig downtime
involved with these preparations. The
CPET tool also saves rig time during
the survey itself, with its fast thermal
stabilization and hydraulic operation.
The real-time results are used to
identify remedial adjustments to the
cathodic protection program and to
confirm the programs effectiveness
while the tool is in the wellbore.
Applications
Corrosion control
Cathodic protection

Measurement Specifications
CPET Tool
Output Axial current, radial current density, potential
difference, casing thickness, corrosion rate
Logging speed 1,500 ft/hr [457 m/h] (6-ft [1.8-m] stations)
Vertical resolution 10- to 25-ft [3- to 7.6-m] typical electrode spacing:
Data recorded every 50 or 100 ft [15 or 30 m]
Accuracy Potential difference: 1 mV
Depth of investigation Casing thickness
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with most tools
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
CPET Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Casing sizemax. 10 34 in. [27.30 cm]
Outer diameter 3 38 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 30.58 ft [9.32 m]
Weight 533 lbm [242 kg]
Fishing neck outer diameter = 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]

Well Integrity Evaluation 139

 METT Multifrequency Applications
Electromagnetic Thickness Location of corrosion damage in
Tool single or multiple strings
The METT* Multifrequency Electro-
Estimation of life remaining in
magnetic Thickness Tool uses non- casing
destructive, noncontact induction Evaluation of anticorrosion
methods to detect metal loss and systems
changes in casing geometry, regardless
of the fluid type inside the casing. The
METT tool is typically used to detect
large-scale corrosion or splits, and it
can also be used to detect metal loss in
the outer casing of multiple casing
strings.
A coil centered in the borehole gen-
erates an alternating magnetic field
that interacts with the casing; a second
coil measures the phase shift. These
electromagnetic measurements, made
at multiple frequencies, are related to
the casing wall thickness, inner diame-
ter, and permeability or conductivity.
Each parameter is averaged around
the pipe circumference.

Measurement Specifications
METT Tool
Output Casing wall thickness, internal diameter of casing,
casing electromagnetic properties
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement Electromagnetic phase system operating frequency:
40 and 10 dB
Accuracy Internal diameter: 0.025 in. [0.635 mm]
Low-frequency phase: 1.5
Depth of investigation Up to 10 34-in. [27.30-cm] casing
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with most services
Special applications H2S service
Multiple casing strings

Mechanical Specifications
METT Tool with Slim Sonde METT Tool with Large Sonde
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm] 7 in. [17.78 cm]
Casing sizemax. 7 in. [17.78 cm] 10 34 in. [27.30 cm]
Outer diameter 2 34 in. [6.99 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Length 27.83 ft [8.48 m] 29.58 ft [9.01 m]
Weight 294 lbm [133 kg] 399 lbm [181 kg]

140 Wireline Services Catalog

PS Platform Multifinger
Imaging Tool
The PS Platform Multifinger Imaging
Tool (PMIT) is a multifinger caliper
tool that makes highly accurate radial
measurements of the internal diame-
ter of tubing and casing strings. The
tool is available in three sizes to
address a wide range of through-tub-
ing and casing size applications.
The tool deploys an array of hard-
surfaced fingers, which accurately
monitor the inner pipe wall.
Eccentricity effects are minimized by
equal azimuthal spacing of the fingers
and a special processing algorithm,
and the PMIT-B tool incorporates
powerful motorized centralizers to
ensure effective centering force even
in highly deviated intervals. The incli-
nometer in the tool provides informa-
tion on well deviation and tool
rotation. The PMIT-C tool can be fitted
with special extended fingers for log-
ging large-diameter boreholes.

Applications
Identification and quantification
of corrosion damage
Identification of scale, wax, and
solids accumulation
Monitoring of anticorrosion
systems
Location of mechanical damage
Evaluation of corrosion increase
through periodic logs
Determination of absolute ID

PMIT-C

PMIT-B
PMIT-A

Well Integrity Evaluation 141

Measurement Specifications
PMIT-A PMIT-B PMIT-C
Output Internal casing image Internal casing image Internal casing image
from multiple inside from multiple inside from multiple inside
diameter measurements diameter measurements diameter measurements
Logging speed Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h] Standard: 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Max.: 6,000 ft/hr [1,829 m/h] Max.: 6,000 ft/hr [1,829 m/h] Max.: 6,000 ft/hr [1,829 m/h]
Vertical resolution 0.11 in. [0.28 cm] at 2,160 ft/hr [658 m/h] 0.11 in. [0.28 cm] at 1,600 ft/hr [488 m] Dependent on logging speed
Accuracy Relative bearing: 5 at up to 70 deviation Relative bearing: 5 at up to 70 deviation Accuracy: 0.05 in. [12.7 mm]
Radial resolution: 0.005 in. [0.127 mm] Radial resolution: 0.005 in. [0.127 mm] (extended fingers)
Radial resolution: 0.007 in. [0.178 mm]
(standard fingers)
0.009 in. [0.229 mm]
(extended fingers)
Depth of investigation Casing inside surface Casing inside surface Casing inside surface
Mud type or weight None None None
limitations
Combinability Combinable with the Combinable with the Combinable with the
PS Platform system PS Platform system PS Platform system
Bottom-only tool
Extra centralizers required for
casing larger than 958 in. [24.45 cm]
Special applications H2S service H2S service H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
PMIT-A PMIT-B PMIT-C
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 302F [150C] 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Casing and tubing 134 in. [4.44 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm] Standard fingers: 512 in. [13.97 cm]
sizemin. Extended fingers: 658 in. [16.83 cm]
Casing and tubing 412 in. [11.43 cm] 71 2 in. [19.05 cm] Standard fingers: 9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
sizemax. Extended fingers: 13 38 in. [33.97 cm]
Outer diameter 11116 in. [1.6875 cm] 2.75 in. [6.99 cm] Standard fingers: 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Extended fingers: 5.5 in. [13.97 cm]
Fingers 24 40 60
Length 7.62 ft [2.32 m] (without centralizers) 8.86 ft [2.70 m] 6.73 ft [2.05 m] (without power
Required mechanical supply adapter)
centralizer: 2.37 ft [0.72 m]
Weight 36.4 lbm [16 kg] 87.4 lbm [40 kg] 113 lbm [51 kg] (without
Required mechanical power supply adapter)
centralizer: 12 lbm [5 kg]

142 Wireline Services Catalog

Production
Logging
Services

The PS Platform integrated produc-
tion services platform performs in
vertical, horizontal, or any angle of
borehole deviation to provide three-
phase flow profiles and production
monitoring or diagnostic information.
Measurement capability is in both
real-time and memory modes.
Memory PS Platform service uses
many of the same downhole tools and
sensors as the PS Platform system to
acquire measurements for memory
operations. In the PS Platform mem-
ory configuration, a memory module
and battery replace the internal sur-
face-readout telemetry cartridge in
the Platform Basic Measurement
Sonde (PBMS). The conversion does
not increase the length of the tool-
string, and the flexibility provided by
the sensor and tool combinations is
maintained regardless of the mode of
conveyance.
Three-phase flow profiles and
reservoir monitoring information are
provided by the following sensors in
the PS Platform toolstring:
PBMS houses the gamma ray and
casing collar locator for correlation
and also measures well pressure
and temperature.
Flow-Caliper Imaging Sonde
(PFCS) measures the average fluid
velocity, water and hydrocarbon
holdups, and bubble counts from
four independent electrical probes.
The bubble count image is used to
identify the first fluid entry. This
extremely compact sondemea-
suring only 5.2 ft [1.58 m] long
provides an integrated set of
measurements for flow rate evalua-
tion. The position of the sensors
Wireline Services Catalog Production Logging Services
PS Platform Production
Services Platform
(only 1.3 ft [40 cm] from the bot-
tom of the toolstring) enables
accurate measurement even when
logging wells with a small sump.
The PFCS is also self-centering and
has several spinner and caliper set-
tings that are easily changed at the
wellsite to adapt to the range of
tubular and hole sizes to be tra-
versed during a survey. The tips
of the centralizer and caliper arm
can be equipped with either skids
or rollers for smooth conveyance
in both open- and cased holes.
PBMS
Spinner blades are available in
different sizes to log the normal
range of casing and borehole sizes.
The centralizer and caliper arm PGMS
provides an x-y measurement of
casing, tubing, or openhole diame-
ter with a resolution of 0.04 in.
[1.0 mm]. This level of sensitivity
enables the examination of corro-
sion or defects such as splits or
separation in tubing and casing PILS-A
with one trip into the wellbore.
Gradiomanometer Sonde (PGMS)
measures the average density of
the wellbore fluid, from which the
water, oil, and gas holdups are
derived. An accelerometer mea-
surement provides deviation cor-
rection for the measured fluid
density.
GHOST Gas Holdup Optical Sensor FloView and
Tool uses four optical probes to FloView Plus
measure gas and liquid holdups.
The certainty of the three-phase
flow rate determination and accu-
racy of the final calculation are
ensured by the clear discrimina-
tion between liquid and gas that
GHOST measurements provide.
GHOST-A
PFCS
145
 FloView* holdup measurement tool FloView Plus holdup measurement PS Platform Inline Spinner (PILS)
incorporates four electrical probes adds a FloView tool with the electri- is an optional component for mea-
that can be used to measure water cal probes angularly offset with suring bi-directional fluid velocity
and hydrocarbon holdups and bub- respect to the primary FloView tool inside the tubing or as a backup
ble counts in conjunction with the in the PS Platform toolstring. The spinner, normally in higher flow
PFCS electrical probes for greater FloView Plus combination of two rates.
borehole coverage. This additional FloView tools provides even better PS Platform UNIGAGE Carrier
information is especially useful in radial resolution that is particularly Sonde (PUCS) provides an optional
horizontal wells, where flow profiles useful in horizontal or highly devi- high-resolution pressure measure-
are essential for insight on the sur- ated wells where segregated flow is ment. This additional measurement
face production. suspected.

Measurement Specifications
PS Platform System
Output Flow rate, fluid density, pressure, temperature, water holdup, gas holdup,
caliper, relative bearing, tool acceleration
With SCMT: CBL, VDL, surface-readout radial cement map
Logging speed Stationary to variable based on the application
Range of measurement See individual sensor listing
Accuracy See individual sensor listing
Depth of investigation Borehole measurements
Mud type or weight limitations Relatively clean fluids
Combinability Combinable with SCMT tool and PS Platform Multifinger Imaging Tool (PMIT)
Special applications Conveyance on drillpipe, tubing, coiled tubing, or slickline

Mechanical Specifications
PS Platform System
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
PILS: 350F [177C]
High-temperature and memory (only PBMS, PFCS, and PGMS sensors): 374F [190C]
High-temperature and surface readout (only PBMS, PFCS, and PGMS sensors): 392F [200C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 38 in. [6.03 cm]
Borehole sizemax. PFCS caliper: 11 in. [27.94 cm]
Other sensors: No limit
Outer diameter Without rollers: 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
With rollers: 2.125 in. [5.40 cm]
High temperature: 2.06 in. [5.23 cm]
Length PBMS: 8.27 ft [2.52 m]
PFCS: 5.14 ft [1.57 m]
PGMS: 4.8 ft [1.46 m]
GHOST tool: 7.1 ft [2.16 m]
FloView tool: 6.8 ft [2.07 m]
PILS: 3.1 ft [0.94 m]
UNIGAGE carrier: 4.2 ft [1.28 m]
Weight PBMS: 38.3 lbm [17.4 kg]
PFCS: 19.7 lbm [9.0 kg]
PGMS: 29.5 lbm [13.4 kg]
GHOST tool: 57.7 lbm [26.2 kg]
FloView tool: 16 lbm [7.3 kg]
PILS: 12.5 lbm [5.7 kg]
UNIGAGE carrier: 33 lbm [15 kg]
High-temperature tools include the High-Temperature Basic Measurement Sonde (HBMS) and the High-Temperature Gradio Flowmeter tool (HGFT).
These two components provide the same measurements as the PBMS, PGMS, and PFCS.
Min. tubing size

The high-temperature tool (including all sensors) has a length of 23.94 ft [7.30 m] and a weight of 190.2 lbm [86.3 kg].

146 Wireline Services Catalog

 capability is typically used to make Applications Depth correlation
transient measurements for reser- Three-phase production logging Reservoir and production
voir characterization and monitor- monitoring
ing. Vertical, deviated, and horizontal
wells Time-lapse monitoring
SCMT Slim Cement Mapping Tool
Combined with perforating for Transient analysis
can be run in conjunction with the
PS Platform system for cement immediate flow rate analysis Short periods of multilayer testing
bond and Variable Density logs in Memory mode at wellsites with Cement bond evaluation
casing. A radial cement map is also tight logistics
available in surface-readout mode. Stimulation evaluation
Multirate production logging

PS Platform Component Measurement Specifications

PBMS PFCS PGMS GHOST Tool
Output Pressure (Sapphire or quartz gauge), Fluid velocity, water holdup, Fluid density, Gas holdup, relative bearing,
temperature, gamma ray, CCL relative bearing, x-y dual caliper acceleration, deviation average caliper
Logging speed Based on application Based on application Based on application Based on application
Range of measurement Sapphire gauge: 1 to 10,000 psi Spinner: 0.5 to 200 rps 0 to 2.0 g/cm3 Gas holdup: 0 to 100%
[6,895 Pa to 69 MPa] Caliper: 2 to 11 in. [5.08 to 27.94 cm] Caliper: 2 to 9 in. [5.08 to 22.86 cm]
Quartz gauge: 15 to 15,000 psi (diameter)
[0.1 to 103 MPa]
Temperature: 13 to 302F
[25 to 150C]
Vertical resolution Point of measurement Point of measurement 15 in. [38.10 cm] Point of measurement
Accuracy Sapphire gauge: 6 psi Water holdup (Hw): 5%, 0.04 g/cm3 (accuracy), Gas holdup: 5%
[41,370 Pa] (accuracy), 2% for Hw > 90%, 0.002 g/cm3 (resolution) without probe protector,
0.1 psi [689 Pa] (resolution) 10% in oil-continuous phase 7% with probe protector,
Quartz gauge: 1 psi [6,894 Pa] Relative bearing: 6 1% for 2% < gas holdup (Hg) < 98%
0.01% of full scale (accuracy), Caliper: 0.2 in. [5.1 mm] (accuracy) Relative bearing: 6
0.01 psi [69 Pa] (resolution) Caliper: 0.25 in. [6.3 mm]
Temperature: 1.8F [1C] (accuracy),
0.01F [0.018C] (resolution)
Combinability Combinable with SCMT tool and PMIT
Special applications Exceeds NACE MR 01 75 standard for H2S resistance

PS Platform Component Measurement Specifications

FloView Tool PILS UNIGAGE Carrier
Output Water holdup, relative bearing, Fluid velocity Pressure (quartz crystal gauge)
average caliper
Logging Speed Based on application Based on application Based on application
Range of measurement Caliper: 2 to 9 in. [5.08 to 22.86 cm] Spinner: 0.5 to 100 rps 15 to 15,000 psi [0.1 to 103 MPa]
Accuracy Water holdup: 5%, 1 psi [6,894 Pa] 0.01% full scale (accuracy),
2% for Hw > 90%, 0.01 psi [69 MPa] (resolution)
10% in oil-continuous phase
Relative bearing: 6
Caliper: 0.25 in. [6.3 mm]
Combinability Combinable with SCMT tool and PMIT
Special applications Exceeds NACE MR 01 75 standard for H2S resistance

Production Logging Services 147

RSTPro Reservoir
Saturation Tool
The RSPPro Reservoir Saturation Tool
is compatible with the surface-readout
version of the PS Platform production
logging system. Only the production
logging capabilities of the RSTPro tool
are discussed in this section.
The primary use of the RSTPro tool
is formation evaluation behind casing.
The RSTPro tool provides measure-
ments of the formation capture cross
section (sigma), porosity, and carbon
and oxygen in one trip in the wellbore.
This data combination is useful for
water saturation evaluation in old
wells in which modern openhole logs
have not been run.
WFL Water Flow Log
from the RSTPro Reservoir
Saturation Tool
The WFL Water Flow Log is used to
locate and evaluate axial water migra-
tion behind pipe, measure the velocity
of water flow in both production wells
and water injection wells, and collect
critical data on internal or behind-
pipe crossflow between zones.
The RSTPro tool can be configured
for WFL measurement of both upward
and downward flow, inside casing and
behind pipe. This adaptability enables
the diagnosis of any flow condition.
The tool measures the phase velocity
of water. In a producing well it mea-
sures the velocity of water indepen-
dent of other produced fluids;
however, the accuracy of the water
velocity measurement is decreased if
the ratio of the volume of water to
other produced fluids is low. The
phase velocity inside casing can be
converted to a quantitative measure-
ment of production or injection (i.e.,
barrels per day or cubic meters per
day).
Applications
Detection and quantification of
water flowing in cement channels
Identification of water flow in the
annulus between tubing and casing
Independent measurement of
water velocity in casing

Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
RST-A
RSTPro Tool for WFL Water Flow Log
Velocity of water flowing inside the borehole or
outside the casing
Stationary measurements
3 to 210 ft/min [0.9 to 64 m/min] for 4.9-in. [12.45-cm] ID casing
Depends on water velocity
5%
For flow behind casing: 6 in. [15.24 cm]
None
Combinable with additional gamma ray sensor,
PS Platform tools (only surface readout), and CPLT tool
Inverted RSTPro tool measures downward flow inside the
borehole or outside the casing
H2S service

148 Wireline Services Catalog

RSTPro tool with
silica activation
The RSTPro Reservoir Saturation Tool
with silica activation can be run with
the surface-readout version of the
PS Platform system to provide infor-
mation for evaluating the quality of
gravel-pack placement before placing
the well on production. The gamma ray
detectors use the nuclear reaction
response of silica to neutron bombard-
ment to identify the location of gravel- Applications
pack sand behind the screen. If holes or Proper placement of gravel-pack
gaps are found in the pack placement, a sand
remedy can be applied inexpensively
during this phase of the completion. If
Identification of holes or gaps in
the gravel-pack sand was not placed the sand pack
behind the screen to the proper height, Efficient pack correction
the job can continue until it is. A sec-
ond pass of the RSTPro tool with silica
activation can then verify proper place-
ment for a successful job.

Measurement Specifications
RSTPro Tool with Silica Activation
Output Silica-activated gamma ray curve, images of sand placement and deficiencies
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Vertical resolution ~15 in. [~38 cm]
Depth of investigation ~10 in. [~25 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with PS Platform (only surface readout), CPLT tool, gamma ray
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
RST-C RST-D
Temperature rating 302F [150C] 302F [150C]
With flask: 400F [204C] With flask: 400F [204C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
With flask: 20,000 psi [138 MPa] With flask: 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 11316 in. [4.60 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 7 58 in. [19.37 cm] 9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
Outer diameter 1.71 in. [4.34 cm] 2.51 in. [6.37 cm]
Length 23.0 ft [7.01 m] 22.2 ft [6.76 m]
Weight 101 lbm [46 kg] 208 lbm [94 kg]
Tension 10,000 lbf [44,480 N] 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N] 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

Production Logging Services 149

CPLT Combinable Production
Logging Tool
The CPLT Combinable Production
Logging Tool provides a production
profile for a producing wellbore. The
profile includes measurements of the
flow rate, fluid density, temperature,
and in situ pressure in the wellbore.
A three-arm caliper can be included
when the CPLT toolstring is run in
openhole. Other uses of the CPLT tool
include monitoring the profile of
injection fluids into an injection well
and determining the existence of fluid
channeling behind casing.

Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
CPLT Tool
Flow rate, fluid density, temperature, pressure, caliper
Stationary to variable based on application
Spinner: 0.5 to 100 rps
Density: 0 to 2 g/cm3
Temperature: 13 to 350F [25 to 177C]
Pressure: 0 to 10,000 psi [0 to 69 MPa]
Caliper: 2 to 18 in. [5.08 to 45.72 cm]
Spinner, temperature, pressure, and caliper:
Point of measurement
Density: 15 in. [38.10 cm]
Spinner: 0.1 rps
Density: 0.04 g/cm3 (accuracy), 0.004 g/cm3 (resolution)
Temperature: 1.8F [1C] (accuracy), 0.011F [0.006C]
(resolution)
Pressure: 10 psi [0.07 MPa] (accuracy), 0.1 psi [689 Pa]
(resolution)
Borehole measurement only
None
Combinable with most production logging services
H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
CPLT Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 12532-in. [4.52-cm] seating nipple
Borehole sizemax. 18 in. [45.72 cm]
Outer diameter With Continuous Flowmeter Sonde CFS-H: 11116 in. [4.29 cm]
With CFS-J: 2 18 in. [5.40 cm]
With CFS-K: 2 78 in. [7.30 cm]
Length Basic tool body: 15.2 ft [4.6 m]
Weight Basic tool body: 75 lbm [34 kg]
Tension 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

150 Wireline Services Catalog

 Combinable
Gamma Ray Sonde
The Combinable Gamma Ray Sonde
(CGRS) performs both through-tubing
and -casing gamma ray correlation.
The result is accurate positioning of
various production logging tools on
depth with openhole logs. The CGRS
is also used as a third gamma ray
detector in combination with the
RSTPro tool to detect high-velocity
water movement.

Application
Accurate depth correlation

Measurement Specifications
CGRS
Output Gamma ray activity
Logging speed Up to 3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Range of measurement 0 to 2000 gAPI
Vertical resolution 12 in. [30.48 cm]
Accuracy 5%
Depth of investigation 24 in. [60.96 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with CPLT tool, RSTPro tool
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
CGRS
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 11316 in. [4.60 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
Length 3.2 ft [0.97 m]
Weight 16 lbm [7 kg]
Tension 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

Production Logging Services 151

Phase Velocity Sonde
The Phase Velocity Sonde (PVS) is a
production logging tool used in con-
junction with the RST Reservoir
Saturation Tool to measure the velocity
of two separate phases (water and oil)
in a flowing horizontal or highly devi-
ated well. A chemical marker with a
high thermal neutron absorption cross
section (sigma) that is miscible only
with the phase of interest is injected
into the borehole. The passage of the
marker downstream is detected by the
borehole sigma measurement of the
RST tool. The PVS is capable of mea-
suring upflow or downflow depending
on where it is placed in the toolstring
with respect to the RST tool. The fluid
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
152
velocity is determined from the ejec-
tion-to-detector distance and travel
time. These data are essential for
determination of the volume of water,
oil, or both fluids flowing in the well-
bore. This provides a basis for deter-
mining the flowing profile of a well at
downhole conditions in comparison
with individual-fluid production at sur-
face conditions. The PVS main module
can be combined with an auxiliary
module to provide an additional chem-
ical marker reservoir for long jobs.
Application
Downhole phase velocity
measurement
PVS
Phase velocity
Stationary
Phase velocity: 4 to 500 ft/min [1.2 to 152 m/min]
Depends on ejectordetector spacing
5%
Borehole
Produced or injected fluids
PS Platform system (only surface readout)
Wireline Services Catalog
Mechanical Specifications
PVS
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 5,000, 10,000, or 15,000 psi [34, 69, or 103 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 38 in. [6.03 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 9 in. [22.86 cm]
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
Length Main and auxiliary modules: 22.39 ft [6.82 m]
Main module: 12.9 ft [3.93 m]
Optional auxiliary module: 9.44 ft [2.88 m]
Weight Main module: 57.7 lbm [26.2 kg]
Auxiliary module: 45.5 lbm [20.6 kg]
Tension 5,000-psi [34-MPa] rating: 12,650 lbf [56,270 N]
10,000-psi [69-MPa] rating: 19,350 lbf [86,070 N]
15,000-psi [103-MPa] rating: 26,000 lbf [115,650 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
Marker fluid ejection Reservoir volume: 400 cm3 (main), 400 cm3 (auxiliary)
Ejection volume: 10 cm3 1 cm3 (standard),
15 cm3 1.5 cm3 (optional)
Ejection duration: 250 ms (max.)
Ejection recycle time for metering piston: ~1 min
Min. tubing size

Production Logging Services 153

FloView Holdup Measurement Tool

The FloView tool is used to determine Applications

the percentage of the heavy phase, Accurate water holdup
normally water, in the flow stream
downhole. The tool also measures the
First oil-entry detection
bubble count of the light phase, either From bubble count
gas or oil, in the flow stream. This Works at high water cut
measurement is used to calculate the
velocity of the light phase, if in bubble
First water-entry detection for
form, at the point of measurement water shutoff (at low water cut)
(i.e., the intrinsic velocity) and is Caliper measurement
independent of the velocity measured Differentiation of fresh and
by propeller flowmeters. injected waters

Measurement Specifications
FloView Tool
Output Bubble count, water holdup, caliper
Logging speed Stationary to variable based on application
Range of measurement Caliper: 2 to 9 in. [5.08 to 22.86 cm]
Vertical resolution Point of measurement
Accuracy Water holdup (Hw ): 5% (2% for Hw > 90%)
Relative oil flow rate: 20%
Depth of investigation Borehole measurement
Mud type or weight limitations Min. salinity of all wellbore fluids:
2,000 ppm [2,000 106] at 77F [25C]
1,000 ppm [2,000 106] at 212F [100C]
700 ppm [2,000 106] at 302F [150C]
Combinability Gamma ray, CPLT tool
Special applications H2S service
Valid for bubble size greater than 0.08 in. [2 mm] and deviation less then 30

Mechanical Specifications
FloView Tool
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating DEFT-A and DEFT-AB: 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
DEFT-B: 10,000 psi [69 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 in. [5.08 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 9 in. [22.86 cm]
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
Length DEFT-A and DEFT-AB: 6.75 ft [2.06 m]
DEFT-B: 6.08 ft [1.85 m]
Weight 16 lbm [7 kg]
Tension 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

154 Wireline Services Catalog


The Multi-Isotope Spectroscopy Tool
(MIST) discriminates between isotopes
that emit gamma rays to provide a clear
analysis of multistage stimulation at
the wellsite. The tool detects gamma
ray energies through 14 energy win-
dows that range from 180 to 3,000 keV.
The related counts and energy levels
are integrated by the wellsite computer
and used to identify the source isotope.
Isotope identification by the MIST log
is virtually immediate. Using labora-
tory-derived standard spectra, the
detector also discriminates between
isotopes in the formation and isotopes
in the wellbore.
Because the MIST tool discrimi-
nates between radioisotopes, it is
used to track downhole processes that
Multiple-Isotope
Spectroscopy Tool
can be tagged with different isotopes.
An important example is formation
fracture evaluation. If the pad fluid
and each proppant stage are tagged
with different isotopes, a single wire-
line run can log both the extent of the
fracture and the degree of proppant
placement. The real-time availability
of the MIST log at the wellsite means
that the evaluation is conducted
immediately.
Applications
Single-pass analysis of multiple
fracture jobs
Background-corrected analysis of
multiple fracture jobs

Measurement Specifications
MIST
Output Elemental spectra from individual tracer isotopes
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Vertical resolution 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Depth of investigation 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Gamma ray, CCL, CPLT tool

Measurement Specifications
MIST-A MIST-B
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 34 in. [6.98 cm] 3 in. [7.62 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 12 in. [30.48 cm] 12 in. [30.48 cm]
Outer diameter 11116 in. [4.29 cm] 2 in. [5.08 cm]
Length 14.3 ft [4.36 m] 14.3 ft [4.36 m]
Weight 60 lbm [27 kg] 60 lbm [27 kg]
Tension 10,000 lbf [44,480 N] 10,000 lbf [44,480 N]
Compression 1,000 lbf [4,450 N] 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]

Production Logging Services 155

Perforating
Services and
Accessories

Casing collar locator
The casing collar locator (CCL) is the
universal positioning device used to
correlate between cased hole services
(e.g., gamma rayCCL to perforat-
ingCCL or other cased hole services
that do not necessarily require a
gamma ray for correlation). The CCL
run in combination with a cased hole
gamma ray establishes the link
between the openhole gamma ray
measurement and the cased hole cas-
ing collar locator.
The magnetic field of the perma-
nent magnets in the CCL tool becomes
distorted as the device passes a casing
collar. The distortion is amplified
within the tool and sent up hole as a
Measurement Specifications
Output
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Special applications
Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
Wireline Services Catalog Perforating Services and Accessories
Perforating Accessories
pulse that is recorded in conjunction
with the gamma ray. The dual record-
ing establishes the position of the cas-
ing collar with reference to the casing
gamma ray log to the SP or gamma ray
of an openhole log.
CCL tools are available in a wide
range of sizes and specifications to
address different casing and tubing
sizes, well pressure and temperature
conditions, and logging cables as well
as combinability with other services.
Application
Correlation of cased hole logs
to perforating or other cased hole
services
CCL
Casing and tubing collar location
None
Requires monocable, coaxial cable, or hepta-cable
Combinable with perforating guns of different sizes,
plug and packer setting tools, cutters, punchers,
cased hole logging tools
H2S service
CCL-AG
CCL
500F [260C]
25,000 psi [172 MPa]
112 in. [3.81 cm]
No limit
1.375 to 3.375 in. [3.49 to 8.57 cm]
1.48 to 3.5 ft [0.45 to 1.07 m]
6 to 81.5 lbm [2.7 kg to 37 kg]
159
 UPCT Universal Perforating Applications
and Correlation Tool Gamma rayCCL correlation
The UPCT* Universal Perforating and During perforating runs for
Correlation Tool is a gamma rayCCL single-trip efficiency
depth correlation tool for perforating Through tubing
operations shooting any type of deto- In tubing and casing
nator, including radio frequency
(RF-) safe detonator systems on both At extreme depth and tempera-
polarities (addressable switch). The ture conditions
depth correlation provided by the 11116-
in. [4.29-cm] UPCT tool enables pre-
cise positioning of perforating guns
and other through-tubing explosive
devices. The rugged design and robust
electronics of the UPCT tool enable
running it on the same string as the
perforating guns without requiring a
shock absorber sub.
Gamma
ray detector

Measurement Specifications
UPCT Tool
Output Casing and tubing collar location
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with all detonator types and perforating
guns without requiring a shock absorber sub
Special applications H2S service
Shock qualified to 5,000-g pyro

Mechanical Specifications
UPCT Tool
Temperature rating 13 to 350F [25C to 177C]
1-hr excursion: 400F [204C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 134 in. [4.44 cm]
CCL
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
Length Without gun: 4.5 ft [1.37 m]
Weight 25 lbm [11.3 kg]

UPCT

160 Wireline Services Catalog

PGGT Powered Gun
Gamma Tool
The PGGT Powered Gun Gamma Tool
records naturally occurring gamma
rays in the formations near the well-
bore. This nuclear measurement indi-
cates the radioactive content of the
formations. Effective in any environ-
ment, the PGGT tool is the standard
device for the correlation of cased hole
logs with openhole logs. Perforating
guns, tubing punchers, plugs and pack-
ers, and core guns can be correlated by
using gamma ray, CCL, or both tech-
niques simultaneously.
Applications
Accurate positioning of tubing-
conveyed perforating (TCP) guns
Correlation of perforating guns,
plugs, and packers in wells without
previously recorded cased hole logs
Correlation of perforating guns,
plugs, and packers in wells with
uniform casing joints
Correlation of plugs and packers in
large casing sizes, which may cause
the collar locator to be centralized
and ineffective
Added assurance for correlating
critical perforating or plug and
packer jobs
Reliable openhole gamma ray
correlation for core guns
Correlation services in casing
where CCL signals cannot be
detected

Measurement Specifications
PGGT Tool
Output Natural occurring gamma ray, casing collar locator
Logging speed 1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Range of measurement 0 to 1,000 gAPI
Vertical resolution 12 in. [30.48 cm]
Accuracy 5%
Depth of investigation 24 in. [60.96 cm]
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability PGGT-B and PGGT-D: CST Chronological Sample Taker,
casing guns, plugs, packers
PGGT-A and PGGT-C: Through-tubing guns
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
PGGT-A and PGGT-C PGGT-B PGGT-D
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 500F [260C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
27,500 psi [190 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 11316 in. [4.60 cm] 2 12 in. [6.35 cm] 418 in. [10.47 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit No limit No limit
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 20,000-psi rating: 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
2.125 in. [5.40 cm]
27,500-psi rating:
2.25 in. [5.71 cm]
Length 6.42 ft [1.96 m] 8.17 ft [2.49 m] 5.83 ft [1.78 m]
Weight 37 lbm [17 kg] 58 lbm [26 kg] 97 lbm [44 kg]

Perforating Services and Accessories 161

 WPP Wireline Perforating
Platform
The WPP* Wireline Perforating Platform
integrates a rugged arsenal of sensors
and actuators for optimizing well pro-
ductivity while perforating. Use of the
WPP platform maximizes flexibility in
positioning perforating guns and
enables real-time monitoring of
results. Safer, more reliable perforat-
ing results from the systems intelli-
gent control of the downhole power
supply.
WPP oriented perforating service
provides single-trip conveyance and
orientation of perforating guns on wire-
line, coiled tubing, or a tractor system
through tubing into vertical or deviated
wells. The WPP motor system rotates
the guns into firing position relative to
the preferred fracture plane to opti-
mize hydraulic fracturing operations.
The completion imaging configura-
tion of the WPP platform is used to
shoot through a tubing string in a mul-
tiple completion without hitting paral-
lel strings. The mapper tools multiple
completion string detection and selec-
tive shooting of multiple guns provides
162
perforation and production access to
reservoirs that would otherwise require
a costly and time-consuming workover.
Borehole temperature and pressure
data can be acquired by the WPP plat-
form before, during, and after perforat-
ing. Interpretation of these real-time
data can provide a good indication of
the formation pressure and reservoir
parameters (permeability and skin
effect) to guide operations. Data acqui-
sition is not interrupted by detonator
initiation. Up to 20 guns can be con-
nected to the bottom of the tool for
selective firing through the use of
addressable switch technology.
Applications
Hydraulic fracturing
Sand prevention
Multiple completion string
detection
Establishment of over- or underbal-
ance before perforating
Temperature survey
Measurement of formation pressure
buildup or drawdown
Wireline Services Catalog
Measurement Specifications
WPP Platform
Output Casing and tubing collar location, inclination or relative bearing,
orientation of perforating guns, downhole shot indication
Optional: gamma ray, borehole temperature, borehole pressure,
completion imaging
Logging speed Stationary measurement
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with PS Platform telemetry

Mechanical Specifications
WPP Platform
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 1.75 in. [4.44 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
With gyroscope carrier: 1.75 in. [4.44 cm]
Length Oriented perforating: 24.0 ft [7.31 m] (not including gun and gamma ray tool)
Completion mapper: 22.0 ft [6.70 m] (not including gamma ray tool)
Pressure and temperature measurement: 15.0 ft [4.57 m]
(not including gun and gamma ray tool)
Weight WPP platform: 166.3 lbm [75.4 kg]
Oriented perforating: 159.3 lbm [72.2 kg]
Completion mapper: 140.3 lbm [63.6 kg]
Pressure and temperature measurement: 85 lbm [38 kg]
Tension Perforating and imaging: 14,200 lbf [63,160 N]
Measurement: 39,000 lbf [173,480 N]

Perforating Services and Accessories 163

 Wireline Oriented
Perforating Tool
The gyroscope-oriented Wireline Oriented
Perforating Tool (WOPT) is used for
wireline-conveyed, azimuth-oriented
perforating in near-vertical wells. The
WOPT enables perforating the pre-
ferred facture plane (PFP), which
improves hydraulic fracture treat-
ments as well as assists sanding pre-
vention in weak but consolidated
formations. From the perspective of
rock mechanics, a fracture propagates
in the direction of the maximum hori-
zontal stress regardless of perforation
orientation, which causes the fracture
fluid to travel around the casing and
before it flows into the direction of
propagation. Perforating in the direc-
tion of the maximum shear stress plane
(i.e., the PFP) allows the fracture fluid
to flow directly into the fracture propa-
gation. By orienting the perforations
toward the PFP, the fracturing job
needs less breakout pressure. This
results in lower surface pressures and
the pumping fluid can be more viscous.
It also helps prevent sand production
by creating less turbulent flow along
the perforated tunnels.
Applications
Fracture plane perforating
Minimized fracture pressure
Minimized sand production
Directional cement squeeze
Setting whipstocks
Perforating adjacent well (from
relief well) for well control
Oriented core sampling with the
CST Chronological Sample Taker
Relief well perforating

Measurement Specifications
WOPT
Output Azimuthal perforating direction
Logging speed Stationary
Range of measurement Indexing at 5 increments
Accuracy 3
Depth of investigation Borehole positioning device
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability 318-, 3 38-, 312-, 3.67-, 4-, 412-, 4.72-, and 5-in.
[7.93-, 8.57-, 8.89-, 9.32-, 10.16-, 11.43-, 11.99-,
and 12.70-cm] HSD* High Shot Density gun systems

Mechanical Specifications
WOPT
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
Length Variable based on configuration
Weight Variable based on configuration

164 Wireline Services Catalog

 Through-Tubing Perforating
Positioning Devices
Through-tubing perforating position- Applications
ing devices are used to position Increased well productivity
through-tubing perforating guns below
the end of the tubing in the casing
Maximum casing hole size
across a zone of interest. Maximum formation penetration

Magnetic Positioning Spring Positioning Device

Device
The Magnetic Positioning Device
(MPD) has a strong permanent mag-
net oriented in the same plane as the
zero-phased tubing gun. In a vertical
wellbore, the magnet positions the
gun charges to the face of the casing
wall. This position produces maximum
hole size and formation penetration.
In deviated wells the magnet positions
the charges to the low side of the
wellbore to prevent orientation of the
gun to the high side of the casing.
High-side (across-casing) perforating
severely restricts the hole size in the
casing and formation penetration.
The Spring Positioning Device (SPD)
forces the through-tubing gun to the
casing wall in vertical wells. The loca-
tion of the spring on the opposite side
of the gun charges (zero phasing)
maximizes the casing hole size and
formation penetration.
Applications
Increased well productivity
Maximum casing hole size
MPD
Maximum formation penetration

Mechanical Specifications
MPD SPD
Temperature rating 500F [260C] 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 11316 in. [4.60 cm] 11316 in. [4.60 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit 7 in. [17.78 cm]
Outer diameter 1.375 to 2 in. [3.49 to 5.08 cm] 1.6875 to 2.875 in. [4.29 to 7.30 cm]
Length 1.46 to 1.77 ft [0.44 to 0.54 m] 2.36 to 3.3 ft [0.72 to 1.00 m]
Weight 7 to 22 lbm [3 to 10 kg] 10 to 32 lbm [4.5 to 14 kg]

SPD-A

Perforating Services and Accessories 165

Wireline Perforating
Anchor Tool
The Wireline Perforating Anchor Tool
(WPAT) is used for perforating mono-
bore wells under very high under-
balance pressure. This method of
anchoring wireline-conveyed guns is a
practical, reliable, and economical
technique for completing monobore
wells. The WPAT makes perforating
with very high underbalance possible
by eliminating gun movement during
perforating. Higher underbalance
improves perforation cleanup, result-
ing in greater well productivity.
The WPAT positively anchors guns
from below by using three circumfer-
entially distributed slips. With an elec-
trical command from the surface, the
slips are anchored in the casing before
the gun is fired. The profile of the slips
is carefully crafted to prevent both
movement when set and damage to
the tubing. After a preprogrammed
time interval, which can be from 5 min
to 1 hr, the slips are automatically
released and retracted.
Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Casing sizemax. ID
Casing sizeOD
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
166
The tool is designed to work in 278-
and 312-in. [7.30- and 8.89-cm] casing.
The anchoring mechanism withstands
force to 17,000 lbf [75,620 N] in an
upward or downward direction. The
high rate of flow during perforation
cleanup causes the holding capacity
to increase as the amount of force act-
ing on the gun string increases. The
WPAT prevents the guns from jump-
ing, which in turn helps to prevent
inadvertent breaking of the wireline
cable head weakpoint.
Applications
Underbalanced perforation
in small casing sizes
Memory gauges run below perfo-
rating guns for the determination
of crossflow or depletion
Enhanced cleanup because the
well can be flowed immediately
after perforating underbalanced
WPAT-A WPAT-B
400F [204C] 400F [204C]
10,000 psi [69 MPa] 10,000 psi [69 MPa]
2.58 in. [6.55 cm] 3.04 in. [7.72 cm]
2 78 in. [7.30 cm] 3.5 in. [8.89 cm]
2.125 in. [5.39 cm] 2.6 in. [6.60 cm]
9.2 ft [2.80 m] 9.3 ft [2.83 m]
86 lbm [239 kg] 96 lbm [43 kg]
Wireline Services Catalog
 Perforating Explosives

The explosives used for well perforat- Explosives Time and Temperature Ratings
ing are designed mainly for different
Explosive 1 hr 100 hr 200 hr 400 hr
ranges of well temperatures. Cyclo-
trimethylene trinitramine (RDX) RDX 340F [171C] 240F [115C] 225F [107C] 210F [99C]
explosives are used for standard appli- HMX 400F [204C] 300F [149C] 285F [140C] 270F [132C]
cations, whereas hexanitrostilbene HTX* 500F [260C] 410F [210C] 390F [199C] 370F [188C]
(HNS) explosives may be used in envi- HNS 500F [260C] 460F [238C] 440F [227C] 420F [215C]
ronments up to 500F [260C]. The
temperature rating of an explosive is
also dependent on the time of expo-
sure to that temperature. Explosives
must be selected on the basis of the
well temperature and the expected
duration of exposure.

Time-Temperature Guidelines for Selection of Explosives in Hollow Carrier Guns

600

500 260

HNS
400 200
Temperature HTX Temperature
(F) (C)
300 HMX 150

200 RDX 100

100
1 10 100 1,000
Time (hr)
90 days
Note: Contact your Schlumberger representative for high-temperature and long-duration operations
(shaded area on the figure). Exceeding the temperature rating leads to reduced performance followed
by burning (all explosives) and possible autodetonation (RDS and HMX explosives).

Perforating Services and Accessories 167

Detonation Systems
The majority of wireline-conveyed per-
forating operations are performed
using standard detonators that employ
primary high explosives. This situation
necessitates following rigorous safety
policies and procedures to ensure that
stray electrical effects caused by radio
signals, electric arc welding opera-
tions, or cathodic protection systems
do not accidentally set off the detona-
tor. In environments where it is not
feasible to eliminate all sources of
interference, detonation systems that
incorporate additional safety features
are required.
168
S.A.F.E. Slapper-Actuated
Firing Equipment
The S.A.F.E. detonating system is
immune to electric potential differences
created by RF radiation, impressed cur-
rent for cathodic protection, electric
welding, high-tension power lines, and
inductive coupling from large induction
motors such as topdrives on drilling rigs.
S.A.F.E technology eliminates the need
to shut down radio communication and
other vital rig equipment during perfo-
rating jobs.
The S.A.F.E. detonating mechanism
is the exploding foil initiator (EFI),
which has proved resistant to stray
voltages because it requires a high cur-
rent for detonation. The S.A.F.E. system
contains no primary high explosives.
When shooting power is applied,
a section of metal foil is instantly
vaporized, which causes a neighboring
(secondary) high-explosives pellet to
detonate and shear a small aluminum
flyer. The flyer travels across a fluid
desensitization gap in the EFI housing
and strikes a booster that initiates the
detonation of the gun.
Secure detonator
The Secure detonator is the third gen-
eration of S.A.F.E. initiators. It per-
forms the duties of a conventional
detonator without adding the safety
concerns, cost, and inconvenience of
shutting down RF transmitters, turn-
ing off cathodic protection, and post-
poning welding operations.
Through its use of EFI technology,
the Secure detonator is one of the
safest detonators in the industry. Its
inherent safety results from the spe-
cific high voltage and current pulse
required for detonation. The power
threshold for the Secure EFI is 3 MW,
compared with 1 W for a typical stan-
dard resistorized detonator and 2 W for
a semiconductor bridge detonator. No
primary high explosives are used in the
detonator. Nor does the Secure detona-
tor use pyrotechnic materials, which
may burn to detonation if exposed to
fire.
The Secure detonator requires no
downhole cartridge to provide the elec-
tric pulse to initiate the firing
sequence. All electronics are fully
expendable and contained in the deto-
nator package for simple, reliable, and
flexible operation.
Wireline Services Catalog

Modern perforating technology has
evolved from simple holes in the cas-
ing to scientific, objective-oriented
services adapted to achieve sophisti-
cated and versatile completion
designs. Perforating is now used to
optimize permanent completions,
temporary completions such as DSTs,
and workovers. Along with services
such as hydraulic fracturing, sand
management, extended-reach and
horizontal wells, completion fluids
engineering, and well testing, perfo-
rating has become indispensable for
improving productivity.
Gun systems and charges must
meet the demand for the increased
hole size and penetration required to
optimize productivity. The key to
improved perforating performance is
synergy between the gun and charge
designs. Schlumberger provides a
wide range of perforating charges, gun
systems, and detonating techniques to
address a comprehensive range of
applications.
Gun and charge performance in
the downhole environment is critical
to the success of well completion.
Schlumberger perforation equipment
is qualified to American Petroleum
Institute (API) Recommended Prac-
tice (RP) 43 Fifth Edition Section 1 or
the more recently established indus-
try standards of API RP 19B Section 1.
Perforating Services and Accessories
Gun Systems and Charges
Capsule gun systems
Capsule guns are exposed gun sys-
tems, with the explosives packed into
pressure-tight capsules that are
exposed to the well environment.
Capsule guns are typically used in
through-tubing perforation applica-
tions.
Enerjet expendable strip
gun system
The Enerjet* expendable strip gun
system provides deep penetrating
charges in either nonphased or vari-
ous phasing configurations. The gun
systems are available as retrievable or
expendable and in sizes from 1.63 to
Pivot gun
2.5 in. [4.14 to 6.35 cm].
Pivot Gun gun system
The high-performance Pivot Gun wire-
line through-tubing gun systems are
ideal for workover reperforating or
shooting past deep formation damage.
The running-in-hole gun diameter
is only 11116 in. [4.29 cm], but once
the gun is below the tubing, the
charges are rotated outward to pro-
duce an effective gun diameter of
3.79 in. [9.63 cm]. Penetration is
nearly 33 in. [0.83 m] with the
PowerPivot* charge. Both the carrier
and charges break up after detonation.
Enerjet
169
 An important Pivot Gun feature is able in 11116-, 218-, and 212-in. [4.29-, CERAMICA perforating charge
its Safe Arming/Deployment Verifi- 5.40-, and 6.35-cm] sizes. The techno- The 218-in. [5.40-cm] CERAMICA* per-
cation Circuit. This circuit prevents the logical breakthrough provided by the forating charge is a high-performance
gun from being armed and fired until PowerSpiral guns is a shock-absorbing capsule gun suitable for through-tub-
the charges are fully rotated outward material between the charges. This ing perforating. When fired, the entire
from the gun carrier by the deployment material attenuates shock waves dur- gun shatters into small pieces, which
head and rods. Another key feature is ing the detonation, which reduces reduces the risk of getting stuck after
that an unfired deployed gun can be charge-to-charge interference and also perforating. One part of the gun uses a
retrieved. The charges rotate back into minimizes shock waves in the wellbore. highly frangible material, which virtu-
the carrier as the gun enters the tubing This reduction is significant because it ally disappears upon explosive impact.
muleshoe (wireline reentry guide). increases the performance of shots
across the wellbore. With features
including multiple phasing, high shot Applications
PowerSpiral spiral-phased density, and use of PowerJet* deep Through-tubing perforation
perforating system penetrating shaped charges, the Deep penetration
The PowerSpiral* spiral-phased perfo- PowerSpiral system generates perfora-
rating system is a retrievable capsule tions capable of the highest well pro- Rigless perforation or reperforation
perforating gun designed for through- ductivity for its size.
tubing wireline operations. It is avail-

Capsule Gun Performance and Mechanical Data Summary

Gun Shot Phasing Charge API RP 43 Fifth Edition Section 1 or API 19B Section 1 Temperature Maximum Maximum Minimum Debris Fill Maximum
Designation Density () Rating for Explosive Pressure Restriction per Charge Gun Length
(spf) Penetration Entrance Area Open Internal Casing Casing 1 hr Load Rating (in.) in 412-, 5-, and (ft)
(in.) Hole to Flow Casing Burr Size Weight (F) (g) (psi) 7-in. Casing
(in.) (in.2/ft) Avg/Max. (in.) (lbm/ft)
(in.)

11116-in. Pivot Gun 4 180 11116-in. UCAP, RDX 27.8 0.38 0.05/0.08 412 11.6 330 22.0 12,000 1.78 0.85/0.48/0.33 15
11116-in. PowerPivot Gun 4 180 11116-in. PP, HMX 32.8 0.32 0.04/0.08 412 11.6 365 22.0 12,000 1.78 0.85/0.48/0.33 15

1.63-in. Retrievable Enerjet 4 0 1.63-in. EJ, RDX 18.0 0.28 0.03/0.05 412 11.6 330 8.0 20,000 1.71 0.13/0.08/0.06 50
1.63-in. Retrievable Enerjet 4 0 1.63-in. EJ, HMX 17.8 0.29 0.03/0.06 412 11.6 365 8.0 20,000 1.71 0.13/0.08/0.06 50
11116-in. Retrievable Power Enerjet 6 0 11116-in. PE, HMX 21.6 0.20 0.01/0.03 412 11.6 365 8.0 20,000 1.78 0.13/0.08/0.06 50
11116-in. Biphased Retrievable Power Enerjet 6 45 11116-in.Ph EJ, HMX 14.6 0.26 0.05/0.08 412 11.6 365 8.0 20,000 1.78 0.16/0.10/0.07 35
11116-in. PowerSpiral Enerjet 7.5 45 11116-in. PowerSpiral EJ, HMX 19.5 0.22 0.06/0.10 412 11.6 365 8.0 15,000 1.78 0.15/0.09/0.07 30

218-in. Retrievable Enerjet 4 0 218-in. EJ, RDX 21.9 0.31 0.02/0.03 512 17.0 330 14.0 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.07 50
218-in. Retrievable EnerjetExpress* 6 0 218-in. EJExpress, RDX 21.2 0.34 0.05/0.07 512 17.0 330 13.8 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.07 50
218-in. Retrievable EnerjetExpress 6 0 218-in. EJExpress, HMX 23.5 0.34 0.05/0.07 512 17.0 365 13.8 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.07 50
218-in. Retrievable Power Enerjet 6 0 218-in. PE, HMX 30.4 0.32 0.06/0.08 512 17.0 365 14.3 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.07 50
218-in. Retrievable Power Enerjet 6 0 218-in. PE, HTX 24.7 0.23 0.03/0.06 512 17.0 450 15.0 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.07 50
218-in. Biphased Retrievable Enerjet 6 45 218-in. Ph EJ III, RDX 22.9 0.29 0.04/0.11 512 17.0 330 14.0 15,000 2.25 0.19/0.13/0.08 35
218-in. PowerSpiral Enerjet 6 45 218-in. PowerSpiral EJ, HMX 27.2 0.32 0.08/0.11 512 17.0 365 14.5 15,000 2.25 0.18/0.12/0.07 30

218-in. Retrievable Big Hole 4 0 218-in. EJ BH, RDX 10.0 0.57 1.02 0.08/0.10 512 17.0 330 17.0 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.07 50
218-in. Retrievable Big Hole 4 0 218-in. EJ BH, HMX 10.5 0.51 0.82 0.05/0.07 512 17.0 365 17.0 20,000 2.25 0.16/0.10/0.08 50
218-in. Triphased Expendable Big Hole 6 0, 45 218-in. EJ BH, RDX 8.1 0.47 1.04 0.07/0.10 512 17.0 330 15.0 15,000 2.25 0.23/0.15/0.10 30

212-in. Expendable Power Enerjet 4 0 212-in. PE, HMX 34.8 0.28 0.04/0.06 7 32.0 365 27.0 15,000 2.62 0.44/0.37/0.21 30
212-in. PowerSpiral Enerjet 5 45 212-in. PowerSpiral EJ, HMX 36.6 0.39 0.07/0.11 512 17.0 365 25.6 15,000 2.62 0.88/0.59/0.38 30

Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative for further information.
Other shot densities and phasings are available; Schlumberger also custom designs perforation systems to meet specific needs.
Bold blue type identifies API 19B Registered Perforation Systems

170 Wireline Services Catalog

Carrier gun systems RDX deep penetrating charges to shoot Casing gun systems
Carrier gun systems are perforation sys- through formation damage. Fracture Casing guns are wireline-conveyed
tems in which the explosive charges are stimulation requires 120 or 60 phased reusable guns that can be used in most
housed in a hollow carrier and are not guns with big hole charges to produce operating environments. They are avail-
exposed to well fluids. Large charges, a large entrance hole. The 318-in. able in two sizes: 338 and 4 in. [8.57 and
which are deep penetrating, big hole, or HEGS gun is available in either phasing 10.16 cm]. The standard gun provides a
both, can be deployed in carrier gun for use with the 38C CleanPACK* RDX shot density of 4 spf and 90 phasing.
systems. These guns are typically wire- debris-free charges. The 338-in. casing guns are for use in
line conveyed and can be fired selec- The 4-in. HEGS guns are for use in 5- and 512-in. [12.70- and 13.97-cm] cas-
tively. Carrier guns are available as 512- to 7-in. [13.97- to 17.78-cm] casing. ing. The 4-in. casing guns are for use in
reusable casing guns, also known as Natural completions require the 41B 512-in. and larger casing.
Port Plug Guns (PPGs), or fully expend- HyperJet* SX1 deep penetrating Casing guns are usually conveyed by
able HEGS* guns. charges to shoot through formation wireline one at a time, but can be com-
damage. The standard gun has 4 shots bined and selectively fired using a spe-
per foot (spf) and 90 phasing. Fracture cial intercarrier and standard switch.
HEGS High-Efficiency Gun System stimulation requires 120 phased guns
HEGS High-Efficiency Gun Systems are with big hole charges to produce a large
designed for the low-pressure, low- entrance hole. Applications
temperature environment. These eco- HEGS guns are usually conveyed by Deep penetrating perforations
nomical wireline-conveyed perforating wireline one at a time, but they can be Big hole perforating
guns are available in two sizes: 318 and combined and selectively fired using a
4 in. [7.94 and 10.16 cm]. special intercarrier and standard
The 318-in. HEGS guns are for use in switch.
1
4 2-in. (11.43-cm] casing. Natural com-
pletions require the 34B HyperJet*

Carrier Gun Performance and Mechanical Data Summary

Gun Shot Phasing Charge API RP 43 Fifth Edition Section 1 or API 19B Section 1 Temperature Maximum Maximum Weight of Maximum Maximum
Designation Density () Rating for Explosive Pressure Loaded Gun Diameter Diameter
(spf) Penetration Entrance Area Open Burr Height Casing Casing 1 hr Load Rating in Air Including Burrs, Including Burrs,
(in.) Hole to Flow Avg/Max. Size Weight (F) (g) (psi) (lbm) Shot in Liquid Shot in Gas
(in.) (in.2/ft) (in.) (in.) (lbm/ft) (in.) (in.)

318-in. Select 1 0 33B HJ II, RDX 11.9 0.37 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 340 9.9 15,000 na
318-in. Select1 1 0 33J HJ II, RDX 17.0 0.27 0.02/0.05 512 17.0 340 9.9 15,000 na

338-in. Port Plug Gun 4 90 38B HJ II, RDX 21.5 0.35 0.05/0.08 412 11.6 340 15.0 25,000 300 (15 ft)
4-in. Port Plug Gun 4 90 41B HJ II, RDX 23.6 0.38 0.07/0.09 512 17.0 340 22.5 25,000 597 (20 ft)
4-in. Port Plug Gun 4 90 41B HJ II, HMX 27.6 0.37 0.07/0.09 512 17.0 400 22.5 25,000 597 (20 ft)
4-in. Port Plug Gun 4 90 41B UP, RDX 14.3 0.56 0.99 0.13/0.19 512 17.0 340 22.0 25,000 597 (20 ft)

318-in. HEGS 4 90 34B HJ, RDX 18.5 0.41 0.53 0.07/0.10 412 11.6 3402 16.1 6,200 340 (40 ft) 3.38 3.65
4-in. HEGS 4 90 41B HJ, SX1 21.7 0.42 0.53 0.06/0.10 512 17.0 210 22.0 4,000 520 (40 ft) 4.28 4.50
4-in. HEGS 4 90 43C HP, RDX 9.4 0.60 1.13 0.09/0.12 7 23.0 210 24.0 4,000 520 (40 ft) 4.28 4.50

Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative for further information.
Other shot densities and phasings are available; Schlumberger also custom designs perforation systems to meet specific needs.
na = not available
1 Unofficial API data
2 Temperature rating of 210F if plastic foam loading tube used

Perforating Services and Accessories 171

HSD High Shot Density
gun systems
HSD High Shot Density guns feature
increased shot density, optimum phas-
ing patterns, and the largest high-per-
formance charges available for natural,
stimulated, or sand control comple-
tions. Available in sizes ranging from
1.56 to 7 in. [3.96 to 17.78 cm] for
application in all casing sizes, HSD
guns use expendable, retrievable carri-
ers, and they run on wireline, slickline,
tubing, or coiled tubing. Multiple guns
can be aligned with alignment inter-
carriers.
The high shot densities range from
4 spf for the 1.56-in. gun up to 27 spf for
the 7-in. guns. The helical shot pattern
172
available in all gun sizes provides the Applications
smallest vertical spacing between Deep penetrating perforations
shots and the optimum phasing pat-
tern for maximizing productivity and
Big hole perforating
retaining casing strength. Shot spacing Sand control
can be varied on request. HSD perfor- Perforating for fracturing
mance and efficiency are further
enhanced by the use of
PowerJet shaped charges provide
superior penetration performance
while minimizing the amount of
charge debris that exits the gun.
PowerFlow* shaped charges provide
slug-free large entrance hole perfor-
mance without a solid liner.
Wireline Services Catalog
 High Shot Density Perforating Systems Performance and Mechanical Data Summary

Perforating System Shot Phasing Charge API RP 43 Fifth Edition Section 1 or API 19B Section 1 Maximum Maximum Weight of Maximum Maximum
Designation Density () Explosive Pressure Loaded 20-ft Diameter Diameter
(spf) Penetration Entrance Area Open Burr Height Casing Casing Load Rating Gun in Air Including Burrs, Including Burrs,
(in.) Hole to Flow Avg/Max. Size Weight (g) (psi) (lbm) Shot in Liquid Shot in Gas
(in.) (in.2/ft) (in.) (in.) (lbm/ft) (in.) (in.)

1.56-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 1606, HMX 11.3 0.17 0.04/0.08 278 6.4 3.5 20,000 74 1.72 1.75

2-in. HSD 6 60 HyperJet 2006, RDX 9.6 0.33 0.05/0.08 312 9.2 6.5 20,000 119 2.16 2.21
2-in. HSD 6 60 UltraJet* 2006, HMX 14.7 0.28 0.04/0.07 312 9.2 6.5 20,000 119 2.16 2.21
2-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2006, HMX 20.4 0.26 0.05/0.07 278 6.4 7.0 25,000 119 2.16 2.21
2-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2006, HTX 14.1 0.21 0.02/0.05 278 6.4 8.0 20,000 119 2.16 2.21
2-in. HSD1 6 60 PowerJet 2006, HNS 15.3 0.22 0.03/0.05 278 6.4 8.0 20,000 119 2.16 2.21
2-in. HSD2 6 0/180 PowerJet 2006, HMX 17.9 0.20 na 278 6.4 6.5 20,000 119 na na
2-in. HSD 6 60 UltraPack* 2006, HMX 4.5 0.39 0.72 0.04/0.08 278 6.4 6.5 20,000 119 2.16 2.21
2-in. HSD 6 60 PowerFlow 2006, HMX 4.5 0.45 0.95 0.06/0.12 312 9.2 6.4 20,000 119 2.16 2.21

214-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2306, HMX 22.8 0.27 0.05/0.10 412 11.6 8.5 20,000 136 2.46 2.48
214-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2306, HTX 18.5 0.25 0.05/0.10 312 9.2 9.5 20,000 136 2.46 2.48
214-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2306, HNS 15.7 0.27 0.06/0.09 312 9.2 9.5 20,000 136 2.46 2.48
214-in. HSD 6 60 PowerFlow 2306, HMX 4.8 0.52 1.27 0.07/0.11 312 9.2 8.7 25,000 136 2.46 2.48

212-in. HSD 6 60 HyperJet 2506, RDX 13.1 0.43 0.07/0.11 312 9.2 10.5 25,000 179 2.66 2.75
212-in. HSD 6 60 UltraJet 2506, HMX 16.6 0.32 0.09/0.11 312 9.2 10.5 25,000 179 2.66 2.75
212-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2506, HMX 25.2 0.32 0.06/0.07 312 9.3 10.5 25,000 179 2.66 2.75
212-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2506, HTX 18.3 0.33 0.05/0.08 312 9.2 13.5 25,000 179 2.66 2.75
212-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2506, HNS 16.7 0.30 0.07/0.09 312 9.2 13.5 25,000 179 2.66 2.75
212-in. HSD1 6 60 PowerFlow 2506, HMX 4.8 0.66 2.05 0.06/0.11 312 9.2 10.5 25,000 185 2.66 2.75
212-in. HSD 6 60 31J CS, HMX 19.2 0.30 0.06/0.07 312 9.3 10.2 25,000 177 2.69
212-in. HSD 6 60 35B UP, RDX 5.8 0.62 1.81 0.06/0.12 312 9.2 10.5 25,000 185 2.80 2.80

278-in. HSD 6 60 HyperJet 2906, RDX 15.0 0.39 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 15.0 25,000 237 2.98 3.08
278-in. HSD 6 60 UltraJet 2906, HMX 22.1 0.36 0.07/0.09 412 11.6 15.0 25,000 237 2.98 3.08
278-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2906, HMX 27.7 0.36 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 15.0 25,000 237 2.98 3.08
278-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2906, HTX 19.8 0.31 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 19.5 25,000 237 2.96 3.08
278-in. HSD 6 60 PowerJet 2906, HNS 21.0 0.31 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 19.5 25,000 232 2.96 3.08
278-in. HSD2 4 0/180 PowerJet 2906, HMX 27.7 0.36 na 412 11.6 15.0 25,000 232 2.98 3.08
278-in. HSD2 6 60 34J CS, RDX 17.7 0.27 na 412 11.6 15.0 25,000 232 2.98 3.08
278-in. HSD 6 60 38C CP, RDX 8.4 0.62 1.81 0.09/0.13 412 11.6 15.0 25,000 232 3.09 3.20

318-in. HSD 10 135/45 PowerFlow 3412, HMX 4.7 0.67 3.7 0.09/0.14 5 15.0 14.2 20,000 286 3.34
318-in. HSD 10 135/45 38C UP, RDX 5.0 0.63 3.15 0.08/0.11 5 15.0 15.0 20,000 286 3.34
318-in. HSD 6 60 34JL UJ, HMX 24.0 0.41 0.07/0.11 412 11.6 22.7 20,000 na 3.57
318-in. HSD 5 0/180 34JL UJ, HMX 23.8 0.42 0.07/0.11 412 11.6 22.7 20,000 na 3.45
318-in. HVO 6 60 PowerFlow 3106, RDX 24.9 0.44 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 22.5 10,000 na 3.49 na

338-in. HSD3 6 60 HyperJet 3406, RDX 23.5 0.49 0.05/0.12 412 11.6 22.5 20,000 332 3.66
338-in. HSD3 6 60 UltraJet 3406, HMX 31.4 0.44 0.06/0.13 412 11.6 22.7 20,000 332 3.66
338-in. HSD3 6 60 PowerJet 3406, HMX 38.6 0.45 0.06/0.12 412 11.6 22.7 20,000 332 3.66
338-in. HSD3 6 60 PowerJet 3406, HTX 31.1 0.39 0.07/0.12 412 11.6 25.0 20,000 332 3.66
338-in. HSD3 6 60 PowerJet 3406, HNS 29.6 0.39 0.07/0.10 412 11.6 25.0 20,000 332 3.66
338-in. HSD3 12 135/45 PowerFlow 3412, HMX 4.5 0.64 4.48 0.07/0.10 512 17.0 14.2 20,000 325 3.52 3.58
338-in. HSD2,3 21 120/60 PowerJet 2006, HMX 16.2 0.18 na 512 17.0 6.5 10,000 na 3.60
338-in. HSD3 6 60 34B CS, RDX 18.5 0.31 0.04/0.08 412 11.6 21.7 20,000 327 3.56 3.77
338-in. HSD3 6 60 34B HJ II, RDX 21.9 0.40 0.05/0.09 412 11.6 20.5 20,000 332 3.61
338-in. HSD2,3 6 99 34B HJ II, RDX 20.2 0.38 na 512 17.0 20.5 20,000 332 3.61
338-in. HSD3 6 60 34JL UJ, HMX 28.9 0.37 0.06/0.09 412 11.6 22.7 20,000 332 3.61
338-in. OrientXact*,2 5 10 PowerJet OX 3505, HMX 37.7 0.34 0.06/0.07 512 17.0 22.5 20,000 na 3.77

312-in. OrientXact2 5 10 PowerJet OX 3505, HMX 40.7 0.37 0.05/0.09 512 17 22.7 20,000 na na na

3.67-in. HSD 5 60 37J CS, RDX 31.2 0.36 0.05/0.08 5 15.0 34.0 25,000 443 3.96 4.01
3.67-in. HSD2 5 60 37J CS, HMX 32.7 0.38 na 5 15.0 34.0 25,000 443 3.96

4-in. HSD2 5 0/180 PowerJet 4005, HMX 36.5 0.46 0.07/0.10 512 17.0 24.5 20,000 421 na

412-in. HSD4 5 72 HyperJet 4505, RDX 37.0 0.57 0.11/0.16 7 32.0 38.8 12,000 446 4.74
412-in. HSD4 5 72 UltraJet 4505, HMX 42.6 0.46 0.08/0.13 7 32.0 38.3 12,000 446 4.74
412-in. HSD4 5 72 PowerJet 4505, HMX 54.1 0.42 0.09/0.13 7 32.0 38.6 12,000 446 4.74
412-in. HSD2,4 4 0/180 PowerJet 4505, HMX 50.1 0.36 na 7 32.0 38.6 12,000 na na
412-in. HSD4 12 135/45 PowerJet 4512, HMX 30.2 0.34 0.07/0.12 7 32.0 22.0 12,000 501 4.91
412-in. HSD4 12 135/45 34B HJ II, RDX 17.9 0.39 0.07/0.11 7 32.0 20.5 12,000 501 4.77
412-in. HSD4 12 135/45 34JL UJ, HMX 28.6 0.34 0.06/0.11 7 32.0 22.7 12,000 501 4.77

458-in. HSD Bigshot 21*,5 21 120/60 PowerFlow 4621, RDX 5.9 0.83 11.3 0.13/0.24 7 32.0 19.0 15,000 604 4.82
458-in. HSD Bigshot 215 21 120/60 PowerFlow 4621, HMX 6.1 0.83 11.3 0.15/0.28 7 32.0 19.4 15,000 604 4.82
458-in. HSD Bigshot 215 21 120/60 PowerJet 4621, HMX 21.0 0.32 0.06/0.11 7 32.0 15.0 15,000 na na

4.72-in. HSD 12 135/45 34B CS, RDX 15.4 0.31 0.10/0.11 7 32.0 21.7 20,000 636 4.99
4.72-in. HSD 12 135/45 PowerJet 4512, HNS 22.8 0.31 0.06/0.11 7 32.0 22.5 20,000 na na
4.72-in. HSD 12 135/45 PowerJet 4512, HTX 23.5 0.31 0.08/0.11 7 32.0 22.5 20,000 na na
4.72-in. HSD 5 72 51J UJ, HNS 34.5 0.33 0.07/0.12 7 32.0 38.5 20,000 592 na

5-in. HSD 8 135/45 UltraJet 5008, RDX 20.2 0.54 0.11/0.22 7 32.0 24.0 10,000 na 5.19 5.22
5-in. HSD 8 135/45 PowerFlow 5008, RDX 5.8 0.98 6.05 0.11/0.22 7 32.0 30.0 10,000 na 5.19
5-in. HSD Bigshot 21 21 120/60 43CJ UP II, RDX 7.9 0.74 9.03 0.12/0.20 758 33.7 19.0 11,000 595 5.14
5-in. HSD2 8 0/180 UltraJet 5008, RDX 19.1 0.48 na 7 32.0 23.0 8,000 na na

5.85-in. HSD Bigshot 182,6 18 120/60 PowerFlow 5918, HMX 7.2 0.93 12.2 0.24/0.48 858 56.6 34.0 20,000 1,112 5.96

6.625-in. HSD Bigshot 18 18 120/60 PowerFlow 6618, HMX 6.8 0.91 11.7 0.13/0.24 958 47.0 34.0 20,000 1,310 6.73
6.625-in. HSD Bigshot 182,6 18 120/60 PowerFlow 6618, HMX 8.1 0.85 10.2 na 958 70.3 34.5 20,000 1,310 6.72

7-in. HSD 27 120/60 34JL UJ, HMX 26.0 0.27 0.05/0.11 958 47.0 22.7 10,000 na 7.50
7-in. HSD 12 135.45 51B HJ II, RDX 32.0 0.47 0.08/0.14 958 47.0 37.0 10,000 1,245 7.05
7-in. HSD 12 135.45 UltraJet 4505, HMX 39.9 0.45 0.08/0.16 958 47.0 38.3 10,000 1,245 7.05
7-in. HSD 14 140/20 58C UP, RDX 12.2 0.95 9.92 0.12/0.23 958 47.0 61.0 10,000 1,289 7.27
7-in. HSD 12 135.45 64C CP, RDX 10.1 1.13 11.41 0.10/0.22 958 47.0 59.0 10,000 1,231 7.75
7-in. HSD Bigshot 18 18 120/60 PowerFlow 7018, RDX 7.4 1.15 18.69 0.16/0.22 958 47.0 45.0 10,000 na 7.22
7-in. HSD Bigshot 18 18 120/60 PowerFlow 7018, HMX 7.1 1.14 18.53 0.13/0.21 958 47.0 49.5 10,000 na 7.13

Notes: Every attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of the data tabulated; contact your Schlumberger representative for further information.
Other shot densities and phasings are available; Schlumberger also custom designs perforation systems to meet specific needs.
na = not available
Bold blue type identifies API 19B Registered Perforation Systems.
1 Nonswell version available
2 Unofficial API data
3 Available in 338-, 312-, and 3.67-in. perforating systems
4 Available in 412-, 458-, 4.72-, and 5-in. perforating systems
5 Available in 458-, 4.72-, and 5-in. perforating systems
6 Q-125 casing

Perforating Services and Accessories 173

PURE Perforating for Ultimate
Reservoir Exploitation System
The job design basis of the PURE*
Perforating for Ultimate Reservoir
Exploitation produces clean perfora-
tions by ensuring control over the
amount of actual under- or overbal-
ance, which has a critical effect on the
perforation tunnels at the time of per-
forating. Whereas conventional perfo-
rating design fails to account for the
dynamic period immediately following
detonation, the PURE method incorpo-
rates consideration of the gun design
and completion characteristics unique
to the job to achieve and control the
desired condition of dynamic under-
balance at the time the guns fire.
Dynamic underbalance cleans perfo-
rations much more effectively than
conventional underbalanced or over-
balanced perforating methods. The
PURE design also accounts for impacts
on perforation tunnel permeability
from the time of perforating until
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
Differential
0 Undamaged rock
pressure (psi)
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
0.0 0.1
174
either injection or production begins. Applications
The resulting clean, permeable perfo- Perforated completions in consoli-
rations enable better injectivity or pro- dated reservoirs with permeability
ductivity than in wells completed with greater than 0.5 mD or reservoir
traditional techniques. pressure greater than 1,200 psi
Gun systems and completion hard- [8,270 kPa].
ware are specified in a PURE design.
The guns use premier Schlumberger
Operational efficiency through less
perforating charge technology: underbalance required and reduced
wellbore shock
PowerJet shaped charges provide Potential elimination of the need
superior penetration performance for secondary perforation cleanup
while minimizing the amount of operations
charge debris that exits the gun.
PowerFlow shaped charges provide
slug-free large entrance hole perfor-
mance without a solid liner.
Additional PURE gun features are
independent placement of the PURE
charge, flexible loading options, and
a size range from 2 to 7 in. [5.08 to
17.78 cm].
Reservoir pressure
Initial static underbalance
Dynamic underbalance
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Time (s)
Crushed-zone damage
Wireline Services Catalog

Cutters are used to sever tubing or cas-
ing in a variety of circumstances. In
new wells, casing may be retrieved
before a well is abandoned. In older
wells, tubing is cut when it cannot be
pulled out of a production packer. The
two types of cutters are jet and chemi-
cal. Jet cutters cut the casing in a flat
plane perpendicular to the casing wall.
Perforating Services and Accessories
Casing and Tubing Cutters
Chemical cutters burn the casing in a Applications
flat plane perpendicular to the casing Tubing, casing, and drillpipe
wall. recovery
Tubing, casing, drillpipe, and drill col-
lar cutters are available for a wide range
Burr- and flare-free cutting with
of specifications. For more information, chemical cutters
please contact your Schlumberger rep- Bomb for heavy drillpipe or casing
resentative.
175
Tubing Punchers

Tubing punchers are used to punch Applications

holes in a tubing string to establish Pressure equalization between
pressure equalization or circulation tubing and annulus
between the tubing and the annulus.
Tubing punchers are selected for the
Establish circulation between
thickness of the inner tubing or casing tubing and annulus when sliding
string to avoid damage to the sur- sleeve not available or functional
rounding outer string.
Punchers for special applications,
such as chemical punchers, are also
available.

Tubing Punchers Mechanical Specifications

16DS 16CL 20ES 20DM 20DL
Temperature rating 500F [260C] for 1 hr 500F [260C] for 1 hr 500F [260C] for 1 hr 500F [260C] for 1 hr 500F [260C] for 1 hr
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa] 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Tubing sizemin. 2116 in. [5.24 cm] 2116 in. [5.24 cm] 238 in. [6.03 cm] 238 in. [6.03 cm] 238 in. [6.03 cm]
Tubing sizemax. No limit No limit No limit No limit No limit
Outer diameter 1.375 in. [3.49 cm] 1.375 in. [3.49 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm]
Explosive HNS HNS HNS HNS HNS
Tubing wall thicknessmin. 0.19 in. [4.8 mm] 0.375 in. [9.5 mm] 0.19 in. [4.8 mm] 0.375 in. [9.5 mm] 0.50 in. [12.7 mm]
Tubing wall thicknessmax. 0.375 in. [9.5 mm] 0.50 in. [12.7 mm] 0.375 in. [9.5 mm] 0.50 in. [12.7 mm] 0.58 in. [14.7 mm]
Max. penetration in outer string 0.10 in. [2.5 mm] 0.10 in. [2.5 mm] 0.10 in. [2.5 mm] 0.10 in. [2.5 mm] 0.10 in. [2.5 mm]

176 Wireline Services Catalog

Plugs and Packers
 Casing Packer Setting Tool

The Casing Packer Setting Tool components coated in liquid

(CPST) provides a reliable method of
deploying plugs and packers in the
wellbore during completion, isolation,
or abandonment. The CPST features
pressure-balanced design (does
not have to overcome well pressure
when setting)
only one igniter, which incorpo-
rates a safety resistor for additional
safety
Application
spiral pins to prevent tool preset-
ting while running in the hole
nitride to improve life expectancy
through greater surface hardness
and increased corrosion resistance
with no surface buildup
no special alignment or orientation
of components required during
assembly or disassembly
efficient redressing at the wellsite.
Setting plugs and packers

Mechanical Specifications
CPST-AA CPST-CC CPST-BC
Temperature 400F [204C] 450F [232C] 400F [204C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa] 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 5 in. [12.70 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 3 12 in. [8.89 cm]
Casing sizemax. 13 38 in. [33.97 cm] 5 12 in. [13.97 cm] 5 in. [12.70 cm]
Outer diameter 3.625 in. [9.21 cm] 2.75 in. [6.99 cm] 2.125 [5.40 cm]
Length 7.5 ft [2.29 m] 7.35 ft [2.24 m] 11.25 ft [3.43 m]
Weight 180 lbm [82 kg] 79.5 lbm [36 kg] 81.8 lbm [37 kg]
Bottom thread Sleeve: 312-in. Sleeve: 212-in. Sleeve: 2-in. [5.08-cm]
[8.89-cm] 6 Acme [6.35-cm] 6 Acme 10 Stub Acme
Mandrel: 2-in. Mandrel: 1-in. Mandrel: 1116-in.
[5.08-cm] 6 Acme [2.54-cm] 8 UN [4.29-cm] 16 UN

Wireline Services Catalog Plugs and Packers 179

Gauge Ring and
Junk Basket
The junk basket consists of a wireline The gauge ring is screwed on to the Applications
feeler and junk catcher. It is run with a mouth of the basket. This position Clear casing and tubing of debris
gauge ring to determine if the casing helps to seal the housing bottom as the
ID is sufficient to permit subsequent tool is pulled out of the wellbore. The
Prevent bridge plug or packer
passage of the completion string, ring size used depends on the casing sticking
plugs, packers, or other tools. The junk size and whether a bridge plug or Drift the casing ID to ensure the
basket also cleans the well of junk. packer is run. However, the gauge ring passage of tools and completion
The housing of the junk basket is OD is always chosen to be slightly equipment
fluted to allow wellbore fluid to enter larger than subsequent tool runs to
the bottom of the housing and exit ensure that the tools will pass through
through its side as the tool is run. the casing.

Mechanical Specifications
Gauge Ring and Junk Basket
Temperature rating 500F [260C]
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Casing sizemax. 13 38 in. [33.97 cm]
Outer diameter 3 to 4 in. [7.62 to 10.16 cm]
Length 5.83 ft [1.78 m]
Weight Variable
The OD of the junk basket depends on gauge ring used.

180 Wireline Services Catalog

 PatchFlex Through-Tubing
Casing Patch
The PatchFlex through-tubing casing The PatchFlex assembly consists of process and ensure that all parts of the
patch uses innovative in situ polymer- an inflatable setting element (ISE) permanent sleeve are fully hardened.
ization technology for downhole reme- and a sleeve made of carbon fiber and After polymerization, the ISE is
dial applications. Run on electric thermosetting resins with a rubber deflated and recovered to the surface
wireline, this flexible composite cylin- outer skin to ensure sealing. When the with the running tools, leaving in place
der is inflated downhole to set flush PatchFlex assembly is in place, a pump a hard, pressure-resistant inner lining.
against the casing or tubing. After heat is activated in the downhole running
is applied to polymerize the resins, the tool and begins inflation of the ISE,
which in turn expands the sleeve. The Applications
running equipment is extracted to
leave a hard, pressure-resistant inner inflation can be initiated from either Isolating zones for water and gas
lining with excellent mechanical and top or bottom to anchor the PatchFlex shutoff
chemical properties. PatchFlex tech- assembly in place. As the inflation pro- Modifying injection profiles
nology is a simple, cost-effective solu- gresses, the fluid is gently displaced Repairing casing and tubing
tion, particularly suitable for sealing between pipe and PatchFlex sleeve to
ensure a proper seal as it conforms to
Sealing selected perforations
perforations to eliminate water and
gas production, selective perforation the shape of the pipe. A bypass running Sealing various completion compo-
profile modification, and zonal isola- through the middle of the ISE allows nents (e.g., leaking sliding sleeve,
tion. It is also an innovative method for crossflow up to 500 BFPD [79 m3/d] crossover)
repairing damaged tubing or casing during inflation. Electric current from
with minimal loss of diameter. the surface is then applied to a series
Operational flexibility ranges from run- of resistors in the ISE to heat the
ning through tubing or existing resins to polymerization temperature
patches to expand into casing to set- until they obtain the required mechan-
ting in highly corroded pipe without ical properties. The temperature is
causing further damage. controlled to verify the polymerization

Mechanical Specifications
PatchFlex Casing Patch
Temperature rating Running tool: 266F [130C]
Sleeve: 122 to 248F [50 to 120C]
Pressure rating Running tool: 9,000 psi [62 MPa]
Sleeve: >5,000 psi [34 MPa] (burst), 2,500 psi [17 MPa] (collapse)
Casing sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Casing sizemax. 7 58 in. [19.37 cm]
Min. restriction 412- to 512-in. [11.43- to 13.97-cm] casing: 2.75 in. [6.99 cm]
7- to 7.625-in. [17.78- to 19.37-cm] casing: 3.31 in. [8.41 cm]
Sleeve length after setting 9.8 to 39.4 ft [2.99 to 12.0 m]
Sleeve thickness after setting Up to 0.6 in. [1.52 cm]
The PatchFlex unique solution is designed and optimized for the well environment. As a result, the length, diameter, and pressure rating
depend on the well conditions and job requirements.
Depends on required pressure rating

Plugs and Packers 181

PosiSet Mechanical
Plug-Back Tool
The PosiSet* mechanical plug-back
tool (MPBT) is used in rigless
through-tubing recompletions. By
using a mast or a crane, recomple-
tions can be accomplished without
the cost of a workover rig.
The PosiSet anchored elastomeric
plug is run through tubing and set in
casing to plug off fluid flow in the cas-
ing below the plug. The casing seal is
similar to that produced by a cast-iron
plug, but instead of an explosive
charge, a downhole electric motor
within the MPBT Setting Unit (MPSU)
is used to contract the elastomer seal-
ing assembly to form a firm seal
against the casing wall. The expansion
ratio is typically 3:1. An anchoring sys-
tem keeps the tool in place while
cement is placed on top of the plug to
a height of 10 ft [3 m] or more to pro-
vide additional differential pressure.
The PosiSet plug is drillable. The
smallest plug can withstand 25,000-lbf
[111,205-N] force. The largest (9 58-in.
[24.45-cm] plug can withstand
90,000-lbf [400,340-N] force. If the
wellbore pressure at setting depth is
less than 1,000 psi [7 MPa], a special
tool is used to aid the setting process
of the PosiSet plug.
Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin. 412 in. [11.43 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 7 58 in. [19.37 cm]
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
182
PosiSet plugs can be set in open
hole, across perforations, and at gravel-
pack screens.
The Positive Displacement Dump
Bailer is used to place the required
cement plug on top of the PosiSet
plug. Release of a weight bar displaces
cement from the bailer sections. The
plug can be pressure tested 24 hr after
the last bailer run, when the cement
is at approximately 90% of its ultimate
compressive strength. The tempera-
ture rating of the Positive Displace-
ment Dump Bailer is 302F [150C].
Applications
Seal off nonproductive zones
Seal off water-producing zones
below productive zones
Base for a sand plug
Low-pressure acid base plug
Positive depth control plug
MPSU-BA MPSU-CA
350F [177C] 350F [177C]
20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
412 in. [11.43 cm]
9 58 in. [24.45 cm]
1.71 in. [4.34 cm] 2.125 in. [5.40 cm]
20.5 ft [6.25 m] 21 ft [6.40 m]
89 lbm [40 kg] 129 lbm [58 kg]
Wireline Services Catalog
PosiSet Plug Mechanical Specifications
412-in. [11.43-cm] Casing 5-in. [12.70-cm] Casing 512-in. [13.97-cm] Casing 7-in. [17.78-cm] Casing 7 58-in. [19.37-cm] Casing 9 58-in. [24.45-cm] Casing
Temperature rating 340F [171C] 340F [171C] 302F [150C] 340F [171C] 275F [135C] 275F [135C]
Differential pressure rating 1,000 psi [7 MPa] 1,000 psi [7 MPa] 500 psi [3 MPa] 1,500 psi [10 MPa] 1,000 psi [7 MPa] 500 psi [3 MPa]
Casing sizemin. ID 3 12 in. [8.89 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 412 in. [11.43 cm] 5.88 in. [14.93 cm] 6 12 in. [16.51 cm] 8.43 in. [21.41 cm]
Casing sizemax. ID 4.02 in. [10.21 cm] 4.52 in. [11.48 cm] 5.02 in. [12.75 cm] 6.53 in. [16.59 cm] 7.02 in. [17.83 cm] 9.01 in. [22.88 cm]
Outer diameter 2.125 in. [5.40 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 1.6875 in. [4.29 cm] 2.125 in. [5.40 cm] 2.125 in. [5.40 cm] 2.625 in. [6.67 cm]
Setting time 17 min 17 min 60 min 60 min 60 min 90 min
Remarks Set using either the MPSU-BA or MPSU-CA Must be set using the MPSU-CA
Pressure ratings are for the PosiSet plugs only. The desired differential pressure rating is achieved by placing cement (usually 10 ft [3 m]) on top of the PosiSet plug.

Plugs and Packers 183

Auxiliary
Measurements
and Devices
 Caliper Log

Caliper devices are integral to most axis but less than the long axis. The Applications
standard logging tools because mea- four-arm caliper measures both the Borehole diameter
surement of the borehole axis is an short and long axes of the hole and pro-
extremely useful parameter for envi- vides a more accurate value of bore-
Borehole shape
ronmental correction, quantitative hole volume. Single-arm calipers are Borehole volume
interpretation, and cement volume cal- typically part of most density and Environmental correction
culation. microresistivity tools; four-arm calipers to log output
Caliper logs are recorded from are part of most dipmeter tools. The
one-, three-, four-, or six-arm devices. If Mechanical Caliper Device (MCD) is a
the borehole is uniform and circular, three-arm caliper tool. The six-arm
all the calipers read the same value. In Environmental Measurement Sonde
an elliptical hole, the single-arm (EMS) caliper is described subse-
caliper generally lines up with the long quently in this chapter.
axis, and the three-arm caliper indi-
cates a diameter greater than the short

Measurement Specifications
One-Arm Caliper MCD Three-Arm Caliper Four-Arm Caliper
Output Borehole size Borehole size Borehole size in.
Logging speed Depends on toolstring Depends on toolstring Depends on toolstring
Range of measurement 4 to 22 in. [10.16 to 55.88 cm] 412 to 16 in. [11.43 to 40.64 cm] 4 to 22 in. [10.16 to 55.88 cm]
Vertical resolution 6 in. [15.24 cm] 6 in. [15.24 cm] 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Accuracy 0.25 in. [0.64 cm] 0.25 in. [0.64 cm] 0.20 in. [0.51 cm]
Depth of investigation Borehole Borehole Borehole
Mud type or weight limitations None None None
Combinability Combinable with most tools Combinable with most tools Combinable with most tools
Special applications H2S service H2S service H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
One-Arm Caliper MCD Three-Arm Caliper Four-Arm Caliper
Temperature rating 350F [177C] 350F [177C] 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa] 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 in. [10.16 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm] 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 22 in. [55.88 cm] 16 in. [40.64 cm] 22 in. [55.88 cm]
Outer diameter Depends on toolstring 3.375 in. [8.57 cm] Depends on toolstring
Length Depends on toolstring 8 ft [2.44 m] Depends on toolstring
Weight Depends on toolstring 155 lbm [70 kg] Depends on toolstring
Tension Depends on toolstring 36,000 lbf [160,140 N] Depends on toolstring
Compression Depends on toolstring 9,900 lbf [44,040 N] Depends on toolstring
Calipers rated to 500F [260C] are available for high-temperature toolstrings.
Caliper extensions are available for larger borehole sizes.

Wireline Services Catalog Auxiliary Measurements and Devices 187

MaxTRAC Production
Services Tractor
The MaxTRAC* downhole well tractor
system provides greater operational
flexibility as a conveyance technique
for wireline tools by extending the
range of production logging capabili-
ties in highly deviated and horizontal
wells. Its inchworm grip design, high
expansion ratio, and ability to com-
municate with the telemetry system of
the logging tools enables it to traverse
a wide range of completions in both
cased and openhole while also acquir-
ing production logging data.
The integral three-arm grip of the
tractor runs it centralized. A mini-
mum of two MaxTRAC production ser-
vices tractor tool (PSTT) sondes must
be run for standard operation. Up to
four sondes can be combined for addi-
tional flexibility in difficult well condi-
tions. The PSTT uses a spring-loaded
cam to grip the casing in one direc-
tion. The sonde then pulls the grip
section backward against the locking
Measurement Specifications
Output
Tractoring speed
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
Logging while tractoring
No logging while tractoring
Special applications
188
direction of the cam, which causes the
toolstring to move forward. This
action is synchronized with the other
sondes in the toolstring. The recipro-
cating action of the sondes produces
continuous motion of the conveyed
tools.
Applications
Conveyance of logging tools in
highly deviated and horizontal
wells
Conveyance of logging tools in per-
forated casing, slotted liners, and
gravel-pack screens
Conveyance of logging tools in
in-gauge barefoot completions
Conveyance of perforating hard-
ware that uses S.A.F.E. or Secure
firing systems
PSTT-S
Downward motion of logging tools
Standard with 500-lbm [227-kg] load:
1,800 ft/hr [549 m/h]
Max. with 300-lbm [136-kg] load: 2,500 ft/hr [762 m/h]
None
Tools using PS Platform production logging system
telemetry such as the RSTPro and SCMT tools
Combinable with most other tools
Combinable with perforation services
Maximum dogleg severity: 45 per 100 ft [30 m]
in 7-in. [17.78-cm] casing
30 per 100 ft in 412-in. [11.43-cm] casing
Wireline Services Catalog
Mechanical Specifications
PSTT-S
Temperature rating 302F [150C]
Pressure rating 15,000 psi [103 MPa]
Casing sizemin. 238 in. [6.03 cm]
Casing sizemax. 958 in. [24.45 in]
Outer diameter 2.125 in. [5.40 cm]
Length Basic two-sonde tool: 32 ft [9.75 m]
Weight Basic two-sonde tool: 290 lbm [131 kg]
Max. pull 1,000 lbf [4,450 N] at 500 ft/hr [152 m/h] at 257F [125C]
750 lbf [3,340 N] at 500 ft/hr at 302F [150C]
Tension 13,000 lbf [57,830 N]
Compression 11,000 lbf [48,930 N]

Auxiliary Measurements and Devices 189

Auxiliary Compression
Tension Sub
The Auxiliary Compression Tension
Sub (ACTS) measures the tension or
compression between the upper and
lower heads of the tool in conven-
tional wireline logging. When the log-
ging equipment is drillpipe conveyed,
ACTS monitoring of the downhole
compression force is critical for pre-
venting damage to the logging tools.
Applications
Measurement of downhole tension
applied to a logging toolstring
Measurement of compression
applied to tools during conveyance
on TLC Tough Logging Conditions
system
Determination of stuck cable
or toolstring
Two ACTS tools in a toolstring
to determine which part of the
toolstring is stuck
Determination of force on the cable
head weakpoint to prevent separa-
tion of the cable from the cable
head during cut-and-thread opera-
tions

Measurement Specifications
ACTS
Output Tension and compression forces
Logging speed No limit
Range of measurement 22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
Accuracy 3%
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with most tools
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
ACTS
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 4 in. [10.16 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 4 ft [1.22 m]
Weight 51 lbm [23 kg]
Tension 22,000 lbf [97,860 N]
Compression 22,500 lbf [100,080 N]

190 Wireline Services Catalog


The Environmental Measurement
Sonde (EMS) significantly enhances
the precision of the determination of
borehole shape. Six independent
caliper measurements are made
around the borehole to determine the
true ovality of the borehole for stress
analysis studies. In addition, the EMS
obtains measurements of mud resis-
tivity, mud temperature, and accelera-
tion along the tool axis to support
real-time borehole correction of a
range of downhole measurements.
The six independent arms of the
EMS gauge the borehole cross section
with greater precision over a wider
range of hole sizes than conventional
tools can. Six accurate oval-radius
measurements are made, and an oval-
ity algorithm provides detailed infor-
mation on the borehole geometry for
more representative environmental
correction of imaging tool measure-
ments, improved borehole stress
analysis, and more precise cement
volume estimation. The measurement
is valid even if the tool is eccentered.
The multiple voltage monitoring
electrodes of the EMS resistivity sen-
sor provide mud resistivity measure-
ments that are both more accurate
Auxiliary Measurements and Devices
Environmental
Measurement Sonde
and more robust than conventionally
acquired measurements, even under
adverse conditions. For example,
good-quality measurements can be
made with mudcake on the tool sur-
face and in narrow boreholes.
Because the EMS is combinable
with all imaging tools (including the
new-generation AIT Array Induction
Imager Tool, ARI Azimuthal Resistivity
Imager, and IPL Integrated Porosity
Lithology tool), environmentally cor-
rected wellsite logs are produced with-
out an extra trip in the borehole.
Applications
Borehole geometry evaluation
Accurate determination of cement
volume
Borehole stress analysis
Mud resistivity measurement
Mud temperature and z-axis accel-
eration measurement
Environmental corrections for
other logging tools
191
Measurement Specifications
Output
Logging speed
Range of measurement
Vertical resolution
Accuracy
Depth of investigation
Mud type or weight limitations
Combinability
EMS
Mud resistivity, mud temperature, caliper
3,600 ft/hr [1,097 m/h]
Resistivity: 0.01 to 5.0 ohm-m
Temperature: 0 to 392F [0 to 200C]
Caliper: 30 in. [76.2 cm] (centered), 17 in. [43.18 cm] (eccentered)
6 in. [15.24 cm]
Resistivity: 10% (from 0.02 to 0.5 ohm-m), 7% (from 0.5 to 5 ohm-m)
Temperature: 1.8F [1C] [1%] (accuracy), 0.18F [0.1C] (resolution)
Caliper: 0.1 in. [0.25 cm] (accuracy), 0.06 in. [0.15 cm] (resolution)
Accelerometer: 1.6 in./s2 [4 cm/s2] (accuracy), 0.4 in./s2 [1 cm/s2] (resolution)
Borehole measurement only
None
Combinable with most tools

Mechanical Specifications
EMS
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 6 in. [15.24 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 30 in. [76.2 cm]
Outer diameter 3.375 in. [8.57 cm]
Length 14.23 ft [4.34 m]
Weight 297 lbm [135 kg]
Tension 50,000 lbf [224,110 N]
Compression 11,000 lbf [48,930 N]

192 Wireline Services Catalog

 FPIT Free-Point
Indicator Tool
The FPIT* Free-Point Indicator Tool Applications
uses a stretch sensor and a torque Determination of the deepest free
sensor to accurately determine the point in a stuck string of pipe
free point in stuck drillpipe, drill col-
lars, tubing, or casing. Within the elas-
Backoff of stuck pipe
tic range of the pipe material, the free Determination of pipe tally
section of the pipe deforms linearly Effective operation from drillships
when the pipe is subjected to a pull or and semisubmersibles and in highly
torsion. The FPIT tool measures the deviated wells
stretch and torque over a fixed dis-
tance to calculate the amount of free
pipe according to the theoretical
deformation. The free portion is con-
veniently recovered after a backoff
shot is fired inside a tool joint that is
subjected to left-hand torque. The
backoff shot can be combined with
FPIT service or performed separately
after the free point is determined.

Measurement Specifications
FPIT Tool
Output Free pipe stretch and torque
Logging speed Stationary
Range of measurement Stretch: 0.12 to 3.6 in. per 1,000 ft [10 to 300 USTR]
Torque: 0.02 to 0.5 rev per 1,000 ft [0.02 to 0.5 c
per 305 m]
Vertical resolution 7.24 ft [2.21 m] (distance between anchors)
Accuracy 10% at 350F [177C]
Depth of investigation Not applicable
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Backoff shot, casing collar locator
Special applications

Mechanical Specifications
FPIT Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 25,000 psi [172 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 112 in. [3.81 cm]
Borehole sizemax. 5 in. [12.70 cm]
Outer diameter 1.375 in. [3.49 cm]
Length 13.92 ft [4.24 m]
Weight 40.75 lbm [18 kg]
Foroperation in casing sizes up to 9 58 in. [24.45 cm], the tool OD is increased to 1.875 in. [4.76 cm],
for which the minimum hole size is 2 in. [5.08 cm].

Auxiliary Measurements and Devices 193

CERT Correlated
Electromagnetic Retrieval Tool
The CERT* Correlated Electromag- The tool is available in four sizes:
netic Retrieval Tool is a wireline elec- 11116, 218, 234, and 338 in. [4.29, 5.40,
tromagnetic fishing tool that retrieves 6.99, and 8.57 cm, respectively]. Collar
metallic junk in cased or open bore- locators and gamma ray devices pro-
holes. The CERT tool is 5 times more vide depth control. Nonmagnetic guide
powerful than a permanent magnet of shoes are available for 7-, 758-, and
the same size. 958-in. [17.78-, 19.37-, and 24.45-cm]
When the power is off, the CERT casings.
tool is nonmagnetic and can be trans-
ported by helicopter without causing
disruption of the navigational instru- Applications
ments. The power remains off until Openhole metal retrieval
the fishing depth is reached to pre- Cased hole metal retrieval
vent the collection of unwanted metal Open, cased, or tubing wellbore
and to maintain a clean fishing sur- environments
face. Once the CERT tool is activated,
surface meters reflect contact with
the fish and the progress of its return
the surface.

Measurement Specifications
CERT Tool
Output Surface indications of retrieval
Logging speed 4,000 ft/hr [1,219 m/h]
Range of measurement Lifting capacity up to 1,000 lbf [4,450 N]
(depends on area of contact with the fish)
Depth of investigation Borehole service only
Mud type or weight limitations None
Combinability Combinable with gamma ray and CCL tools
Special applications H2S service

Mechanical Specifications
CERT Tool
Temperature rating 350F [177C]
Pressure rating 20,000 psi [138 MPa]
Borehole sizemin. 2 in. [5.08 cm]
Borehole sizemax. No limit
Outer diameter 11116, 218, 234, and 3 38 in. [4.29, 5.40, 6.99, and 8.57 cm]
Length 2.5 ft [0.76 m]
Weight 50 lbm [22.7 kg]
Ultimate tool size depends on the appropriate gauge rings for the hole size.

194 Wireline Services Catalog


The Wireline Crossover Tool (WXT) is
used to combine extremely large tool-
strings, otherwise incompatible tool
combinations, or both. Relays are used
to switch power and telemetry lines
between the upper and lower heads to
combine tools with different telemetry
systems for the same trip into the well,
thereby reducing operating time. If a
Mechanical Specifications
Temperature rating
Pressure rating
Borehole sizemin.
Borehole sizemax.
Outer diameter
Length
Weight
Tension
Compression
Auxiliary Measurements and Devices
Wireline Crossover Tool
large-tool combination may exceed the Applications
power or telemetry capacity of the log- One WXT in a toolstring that con-
ging cable, the WXT can power and sists of two separate tool sets, each
operate part of the toolstring. In all with its own telemetry
operations, separate passes are made
to acquire data by the different tools in
Two WXTs in a large toolstring that
the combination. consists of three separate tool sets,
each with its own telemetry
One WXT in a toolstring to disable
tools below the WXT; only one
telemetry system is used
WXT
350F [177C]
20,000 psi [138 MPa]
4 38 in. [11.11 cm]
No limit
3 38 in. [8.57 cm]
2.0 ft [0.61 m]
32 lbm [14 kg]
100,000 lbf [444,820 N]
23,000 lbf [102,310 N]
195
Large Openhole Logging
To meet the special challenges of large
openhole logging, selected modified
tools are available.
Resistivity logging: For all resistivity
tools, borehole correction and reso-
lution selection are important. The
AIT borehole forward model is
based on a cylindrical borehole and
depends on the measured values of
mud resistivity, formation resistivity,
borehole diameter, and tool stand-
off. Large-hole kits consist of big
standoffs and a special nonconduc-
tive bow spring to maintain a con-
stant standoff throughout logging.
Neutron porosity logging: The large-
hole neutron logging kit for the
Compensated Neutron Tool has
spring shoes and a custom bow
spring that fasten to the CNT. The
Borehole Size Specifications for Large-Hole Tool Kits
Resistivity
Platform Express Array Induction Imager Tool (AIT-H)
Powered Caliper Device (PCD-B)
Neutron porosity
Platform Express Highly Integrated Gamma Ray Neutron Sonde (HGNS)
Compensated Neutron Tool (CNT-H)
Density
Litho-Density tool (LDT-D)
Platform Express High-Resolution Mechanical Sonde (HRMS)
Sonic
Digital Sonic Logging Tool (DSLT)
DSI Dipole Shear Sonic Imager
Sampling
MDT tool with MRLH-AA
MSCT with shoe extender
Seismic
CSI Combinable Seismic Imager
196
large-hole kit must be run with a
powered caliper, which acts as an
additional eccentralizer for the bow
spring and shoes. The short arm of
the powered caliper measures the
standoff.
Density logging: The large-hole kit
enables density logging in borehole
sizes from 16 to 30 in. [40.64 to
76.20 cm].
Sonic logging: The large-hole kit for
sonic tools contains centralizers
that are placed either above or
below the sonic transmitters or
receivers. Because the minimum
OD for the fully compressed kit is
11 in. [27.94 cm], the sonic large-
hole kit should be used only in bore-
holes larger than 14 in. [35.56 cm].
Borehole SizeMin.
912 in. [24.13 cm]
7 in. [17.78 cm]
15 in. [38.10 cm]
14 in. [25.56 cm]
14 in. [25.56 cm]
16 in. [40.64 cm]
14 in. [35.56 cm]
14 in. [35.56 cm]
712 in. [19.05 cm]
512 in. [13.97 cm]
7 in. [17.78 cm]
Sampling: Large-hole kits are avail-
able for the use of sampling tools in
large holes. The MRLH-AA kit for
the MDT tool enables running the
MDT tool in holes as large as 19 in.
[48.26 cm]. Shoe extenders for the
Mechanical Sidewall Coring Tool
extend the range of coring opera-
tions to holes as large as 19 in.
Seismic logging: The large-hole kit
for the CSI Combinable Seismic
Imager increases the operating
range of the tool to 22 in. [55.88 cm],
with a minimum borehole diameter
of 7 in. [17.78 cm].
Borehole SizeMax.
20 in. [50.80 cm]
25 in. [63.50 cm]
22 in. [55.88 cm]
22 in. [55.88 cm]
30 in. [76.20 cm]
28 in. [71.12 cm]
30 in. [76.20 cm]
20 in. [50.80 cm]
19 in. [48.26 cm]
19 in. [48.26 cm]
22 in. [55.88 cm]
Wireline Services Catalog