Manalansan, Faye

LABSTAN ASSIGNMENT 1

(1) What is your understanding of Labor Standards?

It focuses on giving an overview of what are the laws and regulations are currently
present which are essential in a business. This consist pre-employment policies like gender
equality, discrimination elimination, minimum age to be employed, overseas employment, rest
days and periods, the minimum wage rate on different areas, compensation and benefits,
special and holidays pay, the nightshift differential and overtime pay, household helpers wage,
the right termination of an employee and many more. To summarize all, it focuses on the laws
an employer needs to know in order to provide equal and adequate rights to the employees.

(2) Why do you think Labor Standards is important in your degree in HRM?
Labor standards are important to us HRMs because our job is highly concentrated on
people and employees. We are the people in the company responsible for making sure that the
employees are treated fairly and are provided well with their rights. We aim to satisfy not only
the clients or customers but also our employees for we view our employees as assets. Following
the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs and other different theories as an HR, we aim to fulfill all the
needs of our employees considering all the laws regarding labor.

(3) Review of POLIGOV:

3.1 What are the three (3) branches of government?
The three (3) branches of the government are Legislative branch, executive branch, and
judiciary branch.

3.2 Discuss briefly the functions of the said branches of government?

The function of the legislative branch is to make, alter, and repeal laws through the
power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the
House of Representatives.
The function of the executive branch is to implement laws created by the Congress.
The function of the judiciary branch determines whether or not there has been a grave
abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part and instrumentality of
the government. They apply and interpret laws.

3.3 What do you understand by a system of check and balance among branches of the
government?
It is needed to secure coordination between and among the branches of government.
The three branches are given certain powers to check on others in order to have a balanced
position as much as possible. It is used to avoid excessive power, conflict with another branch of
the government and maltreatment of the public interest.

3.4 What is the difference between a Republic Act and a Presidential Decree?
An act implies a law or regulation passed by a legislative body while decree implies an
order or regulation unilaterally issued or declared by someone in authority, without benefit of
legislative review or action. Republic act is an established law formerly legislated by the
legislative body and the Presidential would assign a specific act to a societal problem, the act is
established and the decree assigns the act.

3.5 What are the three (3) inherent powers of government?

The three (3) inherent powers of government are police power for public good or
welfare, power of eminent domain for public use, and power of taxation for revenue.

3.6 Why is the Philippine Constitution called the fundamental law of the land?
It is because it provides the general provision on the basic purpose and aspiration of the
state. It consists of all the laws in the Philippines that must be followed in order to provide equal
rights and power. It is needed that Filipinos, regardless of status and profession, should know
the foundation and operation of government.

3.7 Have you read the 1987 Constitution?

Yes, I have read a little part of it and some of its summaries.

3.8 Are you in favor of amending the Philippine Constitution? Why?

Yes, because we still need to improve a lot laws and regulations in our country. Some
laws arent given much attention and for some cases, ignored. I would still like to improve
certain laws like adjustment of the minimum wage for housekeepers, police salary, work and life
balance in the company should also be observed and reminded often. There should also be
seminars that are helpful for the employees regarding their relationship with co-workers and
others. It is a requirement to continuously amend the Philippine Constitution in order to be able
to meet the needs of our fellow Filipinos.

3.9 In case the Philippine Constitution will be amended or revised, what mode will you
choose, by constitutional convention or by constituent assembly? Why?
I would choose constituent assembly because I would rather consider more ideas
because I believe every idea has a reason why would a person insists on it. I also believe that if a
lot of people agrees on a certain decision, it is the lawfully right one and not just the majority
vote.

3.10 Cite at least three (3) Constitutional provisions that you think is related to employment.
First is in Article XIII, Social Justice and Human Rights Section 3 that states that the State
shall afford full protection to labor, local and overseas, organized and unorganized, and promote
 full employment and equality of employment opportunities for all. Second is in Article II,
Declaration of Principles and State Policies Section 13 that states that the State recognizes the
vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral,
spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and
nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs. Third is in Article III, Bill
of Rights Section 1 that states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property
without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

References:

Abapo, C. (n.d.). 3 Inherent Powers of the State. Retrieved from Scribd:

https://www.scribd.com/doc/59750525/3-Inherent-Powers-of-the-State

Bank, A. D. (2006). Core Labor Standards Handbook. Philippines.

Morada, N. M., & Encarnacion, T. S. (2006). Politics and Governance: An Introduction. Quezon: University
of the Philippines.

Relacion, A. F., & Magalzo, G. C. (2014). System of Checks and Balances in the Philippine. Presidential
Form of Government, 40-47.

Old POLIGOV notebook and lectures

DOLE website

1987 Philippine Constitution