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concrete
Thermal Conductivity (denoted by the greek
symbol )
light weight concrete
is the measure of how easily heat flows through a
specific type of material, independent of the
thickness of the material in question. Plasters and mortars
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THERMAL PROPERTIES OF BUILDING
MATERIALS
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THERMAL PROPERTIES OF BUILDING
MATERIALS
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The thermal transmittance, also known as U-value, is the rate of transfer of heat
(in watts) through a surface with an area of one square meter of, when the temperature
difference between the internal and external environment is equal to 1 K
It is expressed in watts per square meter kelvin, or W/mK.
Losses due to thermal radiation, thermal convection and thermal conduction are taken into
account in the U-value.
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
- Rs i,e= 1/ i,e [m2K/W] thermal resistance of the internal (i) and external (e) surfaces
- [W/mK] thermal conductivity of the i-th layer of the building structure on analysis
- s [m] is the thickness of the i-th layer of the building structure on analysis
- s/ [W/m2K] id the thermal resistance of the i-th planar homogeneous layer of the
building structure on analysis
- R [m2K/W] is the thermal resistance of the j-th non homogenoues layer of the
building structure on analysis (for example: air gaps)
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF WINDOWS
In case of double gazed windows the heat transfer due to the spacer
between the glasses should be considered as well
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
Thermal
resistance
Thermal transmittance
U-value
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
Surface resistance values for normal (high) emissivity materials are given in Table 1 EN ISO 6946 : 2007
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
surface resistance values in Table 1 can be used for plane surfaces where no specific
information is available on the boundary conditions. Otherwise see procedures in EN ISO
6946 Annex A.
the surface resistances apply to surfaces in contact with air. No surface resistance applies
to surfaces in contact with another material.
EN ISO 6946 consider horizontal as applying to heat flow directions 30 from the
horizontal.
for a roof having a roof pitch greater than 60heat flow is considered horizontal.
for a roof having a roof pitch less than 60heat flow is considered upwards.
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
Surface resistance values for normal (high) emissivity materials are given in Table 1 EN ISO 6946 : 2007
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
hc,e depends on the wind velocity: hc,e= 4 + 4 v W/m2K con v = average wind velocity
homogeneous layers
hr0 = 4 Tm3
homogeneous layers
hr,e radiative heat transfer coefficient on external surface: hr,e= hr0 W/m2K
hr,i radiative heat transfer coefficient on internal surface: hr,i= hr0 W/m2K
homogeneous layers
homogeneous layers
d is the thickness
of the layer
homogeneous layers
is the thermal conductivity of the material,
it can be evaluated according to the
standards:
- UNI 10351
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- UNI EN ISO 10459
THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
homogeneous layers
hr0 radiative heat exchange coefficient of the ideal black body at a temperature = Tm
in the air gap evaluation typically Tm is set equal to 10C
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
Closed air layers The thermal resistance of an air layer depends on the thickness of the
layer and on the direction of the heat flux
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
Example 1
Internal surface
external surface
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THERMAL TRASMITTANCE (U VALUE) OF PLANAR BUILDING STRUCTURES
homogeneous layers
Example 2
Example 2
For the same structure as
before the thickness of the
insulation layer needed to
achieve a U-value of 0,36
W/m2K is calculated