Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Zhang
V1.0 2015/07/28 Gu Yuhui First Release
Henglong
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2 Overview ............................................................................................................ 4
2.1 Feature Introduction ............................................................................................. 4
2.2 License Control .................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Correlation with Other Features ........................................................................... 5
4 Parameters......................................................................................................... 9
7 Abbreviation .................................................................................................... 29
8 Reference Document....................................................................................... 29
FIGURES
TABLES
1 Feature Attribute
BSC Version: [ZXG10 iBSC GSM (V6.30.30)]
Attribute: [Basic]
MS
BTS
BSC
iTC -
MSC
MGW -
SGSN -
GGSN -
HLR -
: Related, -: Irrelative
2 Overview
Inter-MSC handover: handover between similar channels in different cells that are
controlled by different MSCs
The ZXG10-iBSC can activate various kinds of handover algorithms based on actual
network conditions. If all the algorithms are activated, they are used in a proper order.
Some handover parameters are set at cell level and some are set for each neighboring
cell.
1. Required Features
None
None
3. Affected Features
ZGO-04-02-005 Co-BCCH
Features like Handover Between Macro- and Micro-cells, Directed-Shift Handover, Rapid
Level Drop Handover, and Traffic Based Handover can be categorized into the handover
types described in this feature.
The relation between this feature and Dynamic Priority: The target cell involved in this
feature is sorted by dynamic priority. If the dynamic priority is the same, the target cell
can be sorted based on the power budget.
The relation between this feature and Failure Penalty: The content of Failure Penalty
relevant to this feature is described in the feature guide for Failure Penalty.
The relation between this feature and Multi-layer Cell Structure: The cell layer structure is
used for cell layer configuration and target cell selection.
The relation between this feature and the features Concentric Circle Technology and
Co-BCCH: Intra-cell handover involved in this feature includes sub-cell handover, and
sub-cell handover occurs if the feature Concentric Circle Technology or Co-BCCH is
activated.
3 Technical Description
This feature enables handover, the basic function related to mobility management. The
BSC determines whether an MS needs to be handed over according to the measurement
reports. The BSC updates the BCCH Allocation (BA) list first, and then selects a proper
cell for handover after the handover decision is made. To avoid frequent handover
failures, relevant failure penalty is adopted, which can decrease the signaling load and
increase the handover success rate.
The ZTE GSM supports the BSC in processing the measurement reports with the sliding
window mechanism and the weighted average algorithm, and in selecting the higher
priority handover algorithm according to the different handover causes. For an intra-cell
handover, the proper carrier and the timeslot with the minimum interference band is
selected. For an inter-cell handover, the target cell is selected based on the layer
strategy and the handover decision criterion.
The determinant factor for sequencing the target cells is load, priority, and power margin.
The BSC first sequences and filters the cells in the target cell list according to traffic. The
cell with the traffic equal to or greater than the threshold should be removed from the list.
Then the BSC sequences all the target cells by priority. Finally, it sequences all target
cells with the same priority based on the power margin. The first cell in the list is selected
as the target cell for handover.
If the handover fails, the handover failure penalty should be used to avoid repeated
handover failures and increase the success rate of handover. For an intra-cell handover,
the BSC prevents the MS from attempting handover during the penalty time of the
handover failure. For an inter-cell handover, the BSC deducts the offset value based on
the signal level of the cell, which reduces the possibility of the MS's handover to the last
failed target cell during the penalty time of the handover failure.
To prevent repeated handovers, the BSC compares the current time point with the time
point of the last successful handover. If the difference between the two time points
exceeds the penalty time of repeated handovers, a handover takes place. Otherwise, the
source cell of the last handover should be removed from the target cell list of this
handover, and then the proper target cell is selected for this handover.
The ZTE GSM supports basic and optional handover algorithms. The basic handover
includes signal quality (uplink/downlink) handover, signal level (uplink/downlink)
handover, signal interference (uplink/downlink) handover, ultra-distance handover, and
Power Budget (PBGT) handover.
Signal quality handover is a basic inter-cell handover. The handover decision for the
uplink and downlink is the same. If the channel quality gets worse, the radio link may fail
to release the occupied channel, leading to call drops. To avoid this failure, the BSC
triggers a signal quality handover to maintain this call if the mean error rate is greater
than the quality threshold for P times out of N times.
Signal level handover is a basic inter-cell handover. The handover decision for the uplink
and downlink is the same. If the interference is too low to trigger the interference or
quality handover and the level fading is serious, call drops may occur. To avoid this
failure, the BSC triggers the signal level handover to maintain this call if the signal lever is
lower than the level threshold for P times out of N times.
Signal interference handover is a basic intra-cell handover. The handover decision for
the uplink and downlink is the same. If interference occurs, the level of the interference
with every channel in the cell is different. Therefore, the handovers occurring over
different channels in the same cell can avoid interference. If the signal quality is getting
worse but the signal level is high, the BSC triggers a signal interference handover to
maintain this call if the MS moves to the pre-defined interference area for P times out of
N times.
If there is no idle channel in the serving cell, the handover should be converted to the
signal quality handover to attempt an inter-cell handover. The difference between signal
interference handover and signal quality handover is that if a signal interference
handover occurs, the signal quality does not get worse or affect the call and the signal
level is still high.
Ultra-Distance Handover
Ultra-distance handover is a basic inter-cell handover. If an MS is far from the BTS, the
ultra-distance handover to the nearest neighboring cell is performed. If the Time Advance
(TA) is greater than the distance threshold for P times out of N times, the BSC triggers an
ultra-distance handover to maintain this call.
PBGT Handover
PBGT handover is a basic inter-cell handover to keep a call in a proper cell. The PBGT is
obtained from the signal level of the neighboring cell by subtracting the signal level of the
serving cell. If the downlink level of the neighboring cell is lower than the initial threshold,
the BSC triggers a PBGT handover if the PBGT of the neighboring cell is greater than the
preset PBGT threshold for P times out of N times. PBGT handover is a non-saving
handover.
To make a PBGT handover occur in the same layer, the neighboring cell level of other
layers must be strong enough to execute the inter-layer PBGT handover and an
inter-layer timer should be set when the MS accesses the network. If the inter-layer timer
does not expire, the neighboring cell level should add the offset value of the upper layer
for PBGT handover to the value of the upper layer, and the neighboring cell level should
add the offset value of the lower layer for PBGT handover to the value of the lower layer.
If the timer expires, a PBGT handover is executed successfully.
4 Parameters
Recom
Managed Value Default
Logic Name Parameter Description Unit mended
Object Range Value
Value
Recom
Managed Value Default
Logic Name Parameter Description Unit mended
Object Range Value
Value
enable perform intra-cell handovers. 1: allowed
Allow
intra-Cell
handover
0 means not allowed;
Cell attempt due 0..1 None 0 0
1 means allowed
to uplink
interference
(Low Speed)
Allow
intra-Cell
handover
0 means not allowed;
Cell attempt due 0..1 None 0 0
1 means allowed
to downlink
interference
(Low Speed)
1:-110~-109 2:-109~-108
3:-108~-107 4:-107~-106
5:-106~-105 6:-105~-104
Uplink receive 7:-104~-103 8:-103~-102
Cell level 9:-102~-101 10:-101~-100 0~63 dBm 7 7
Threshold 11:-100~-99 12:-99~-98
13:-98~-97 14:-97~-96
15:-96~-95 16:-95~-94
17:-94~-93 18:-93~-92
Recom
Managed Value Default
Logic Name Parameter Description Unit mended
Object Range Value
Value
19:-92~-91 20:-91~-90
21:-90~-89 22:-89~-88
23:-88~-87 24:-87~-86
25:-86~-85 26:-85~-84
27:-84~-83 28:-83~-82
29:-82~-81 30:-81~-80
31:-80~-79 32:-79~-78
33:-78~-77 34:-77~-76
35:-76~-75 36:-75~-74
37:-74~-73 38:-73~-72
39:-72~-71 40:-71~-70
41:-70~-69 42:-69~-68
43:-68~-67 44:-67~-66
45:-66~-65 46:-65~-64
47:-64~-63 48:-63~-62
49:-62~-61 50:-61~-60
51:-60~-59 52:-59~-58
53:-58~-57 54:-57~-56
55:-56~-55 56:-55~-54
57:-54~-53 58:-53~-52
59:-52~-51 60:-51~-50
61:-50~-49 62:-49~-48
63:>-48
1:-110~-109 2:-109~-108
3:-108~-107 4:-107~-106
5:-106~-105 6:-105~-104
7:-104~-103 8:-103~-102
9:-102~-101 10:-101~-100
Downlink 11:-100~-99 12:-99~-98
Cell receive level 13:-98~-97 14:-97~-96 0~63 dBm 15 15
Threshold 15:-96~-95 16:-95~-94
17:-94~-93 18:-93~-92
19:-92~-91 20:-91~-90
21:-90~-89 22:-89~-88
23:-88~-87 24:-87~-86
25:-86~-85 26:-85~-84
Recom
Managed Value Default
Logic Name Parameter Description Unit mended
Object Range Value
Value
27:-84~-83 28:-83~-82
29:-82~-81 30:-81~-80
31:-80~-79 32:-79~-78
33:-78~-77 34:-77~-76
35:-76~-75 36:-75~-74
37:-74~-73 38:-73~-72
39:-72~-71 40:-71~-70
41:-70~-69 42:-69~-68
43:-68~-67 44:-67~-66
45:-66~-65 46:-65~-64
47:-64~-63 48:-63~-62
49:-62~-61 50:-61~-60
51:-60~-59 52:-59~-58
53:-58~-57 54:-57~-56
55:-56~-55 56:-55~-54
57:-54~-53 58:-53~-52
59:-52~-51 60:-51~-50
61:-50~-49 62:-49~-48
63:>-48
Downlink
It defines a uplink receive
receive
Cell quality threshold to decide 8~70 None 49 49
quality
when to handover.
Threshold
Recom
Managed Value Default
Logic Name Parameter Description Unit mended
Object Range Value
Value
Allow quality
handover in 0 means not allowed;
Cell 0..1 None 1 1
uplink(Low 1 means allowed
Speed)
Recom
Managed Value Default
Logic Name Parameter Description Unit mended
Object Range Value
Value
uplink(Low
Speed)
Allow quality
handover in 0 means not allowed;
Cell 0..1 None 1 1
downlink(Low 1 means allowed
Speed)
Allow level
handover in 0 means not allowed;
Cell 0..1 None 1 1
downlink(Low 1 means allowed
Speed)
Counter ID Name
6 Engineering Guide
When an MS moves from an area covered by a site to an area covered by another site,
or if the call quality drops due to interference during a conversation, a channel with better
voice quality should be used to keep the conversation on and perform the proper
handover to the target cell.
If the target cell and source cell are in the coverage of the same BTS, an intra-cell
handover is initiated. If the target cell and source cell are in the coverage of different
BTSs, an inter-cell handover is initiated.
The values of the uplink/downlink level quality and TA measured by the MS and BTS are
taken for the handover to determine whether the MS should be handed over to a cell
based on the handover decision criterion and resource allocation algorithm.
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Global Information Configuration, double click BSS
Function Handover Control, and set BSC intracell handover enable, see the
following figure.
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Cell Information Configuration, double click Handover
Control, and set the following parameters:
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Cell Information Configuration, double click Handover
Control, and set the following parameters:
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Adjacent Relation Configuration, double click Adjacent
GSM Cell Configuration, and set the following parameters:
Parent MO description
Relation type
DN of source Gsmcell
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Cell Information Configuration, double click Handover
Control, and set the following parameters:
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > External GSM Cell Configuration, double click External
Resource Configuration, and set the following parameters:
Cell Identity
BCCH arfcn
NCC
BCC
LAC
MCC
MNC
FreqBand
Cell type
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Adjacent Relation Configuration, double click Adjacent
GSM Cell Configuration, and set the following parameters:
Relation type
The configuration is the same as that described in Section 6.2.3 MSC Intra-Cell
Handover, except that the external GSM cell and the neighboring GSM cell are
configured to different cells.
There are several types of basic handover. The only difference among them lies in that
whether a handover occurs in intra-cell of a BSC, inter-cell of a BSC, intra-cell of an MSC,
or inter-cell of an MSC. The following description is based on a typical type.
Test Item Inter-Cell and Intra-BSC Handover
Precondition 1. The CN is in good condition.
2. The BSC is operating properly.
3. The SDR is operating properly.
4. Cell A and Cell B in the same BSC are available, and
the default cell configuration and parameter
configurations are correct in the BSC.
5. The MSs are ready for the test.
6. The radio environment is good.
Anticipative result 1. The MS is handed over from Cell A to Cell B and the call
does not drop.
2. There is a "handover performed" message in the
BSSAP signaling tracing result with the handover cause
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Global Information Configuration, double click BSS
Function Handover Control, and set BSC intracell handover enable, see the
following figure.
In the configuration resource tree, select Modify Area > Managed Element > GSM
Logical Configuration > Cell Information Configuration, double click Handover
Control, and set the following parameters:
With this feature enabled, subscribers can make conversations during movement
between different cells; therefore, the network quality and subscribers' perception are
improved.
The neighboring cell layer and static priority can control the handover direction.
The introduction of dynamic priority can automatically adjust the traffic distribution in
the network to relieve network congestion.
The failure penalty policy can reduce the number of cell failures in a target cell to
improve the success rate of handover. It is recommended that the penalty period of
handover failures should be set to 1015 s.
The layer is a logic layer, irrespective of the actual site type (macro site or micro
site). Layer settings may impact the priority selection of a target cell during a
handover. The priority of the layer is higher than the static or dynamic priority.
This feature has no impact on the capacity of the BSC and BTSs after it is enabled.
7 Abbreviation
Abbreviations Full Characteristics
rd
3GPP 3 Generation Partnership Project
CS Circuit Switch
FR Full Rate
HR Half Rate
8 Reference Document
ZXG10 iBSC (V6.30.30) Base Station Controller Performance Counter Reference