Civil Works PDF

7
Civil Work Specifications

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Part - D Civil Design Requirements .............................................................................................................. 1

SECTION A .................................................................................................................................................................... 1
SCOPE OF WORKS .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1. General ........................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Assebe Teferi and Nura Era Substation (New substations) ................................................... 1
3. Substations Extension (Gefersa, Wolisso, Muger, Alemaya, Chelenko and Awash 7 kilo)1
SECTION B .................................................................................................................................................................... 3
DESCRIPTION OF WORKS ............................................................................................................................................ 3
1. General particulars ........................................................................................................................ 3
SITE SPECIFIC DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................................................................... 4
2. New substations ............................................................................................................................ 4
SECTION - C ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................................. 7
1. Designs by the Contractor ........................................................................................................... 7
2. Design Submissions ..................................................................................................................... 7
3. Design Basis .................................................................................................................................. 7
4. Design of foundations ................................................................................................................... 8
5. Loadings and Design of Floors and Roofs ................................................................................ 8
6. Design of Masonry Walls ............................................................................................................. 8
7. Concrete Design ............................................................................................................................ 8
8. Thermal Requirements ................................................................................................................. 9
9. Fire Resistance Building Structure .......................................................................................... 9
10. Site Roads .................................................................................................................................. 9
11. Water Supply and Drainage .................................................................................................... 9
PART E STAFF DWELLING HOUSES ..................................................................................................10
STAFF DWELLING HOUSES ARRANGEMENT ....................................................................................................... 10
OPERATORS DWELLING HOUSES CIVIL WORKS ................................................................................................ 11
DUPLEX DWELLING HOUSE .............................................................................................................................................. 11
A) SUB STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
B) SUPER STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................................. 12
DUPLEX SERVICE QUARTER ............................................................................................................................................. 16
A) SUB STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
SINGLE DWELLING HOUSE ............................................................................................................................................... 20
A) SUB STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................................................... 20
SINGLE SERVICE QUARTER .............................................................................................................................................. 25
A) SUB STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................................................... 25
EXTERNAL SANITARY WORKS ......................................................................................................................................... 29
1) EXTERNAL WATER SUPPLY WORKS ....................................................................................................................... 29
2) EXTERNAL SEWERAGE & DRAINAGE WORKS ......................................................................................................... 29
3) SEPTIC TANK ........................................................................................................................................................... 30
4) CONCRETE WORK ................................................................................................................................................... 30
5) STONE MASONRY ................................................................................................................................................... 30
6) BLOCK WORKS ....................................................................................................................................................... 30
7) PLASTERING............................................................................................................................................................ 30
8) PIPE WORKS ........................................................................................................................................................... 30
SITE WORKS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31
EARTH WORKS .................................................................................................................................................................. 31
Property Fence and gate work ..........................................................................................................................31
MASONRY WORKS ............................................................................................................................................................ 31
GUARD HOUSE SUPER STRUCTURE .................................................................................................................................. 33
A) SUB STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................................................... 33
B) SUPPER STRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................................ 34
PART F MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP......................................................................................38
1) MATERIALS ............................................................................................................................................................ 38
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1.1) Standards ..................................................................................................................................38
1.2) General ......................................................................................................................................38
1.3) Inspection and Testing ............................................................................................................38
1.4) Quarries .....................................................................................................................................38
1.5) Materials Testing Laboratory ..................................................................................................39
1.6) Workmanship ............................................................................................................................39
1.7) Skilled Workmen ......................................................................................................................39
2) DEMOLITION ........................................................................................................................................................... 39
2.1) Method of Demolition...............................................................................................................39
2.2) Materials ....................................................................................................................................39
2.3) Regulations ...............................................................................................................................39
2.4) Supervision ...............................................................................................................................39
2.5) Make Good Damage ...............................................................................................................40
3) EARTHWORKS ......................................................................................................................................................... 40
3.1) Site Clearance ..........................................................................................................................40
3.2) Surface Levels ..........................................................................................................................40
3.3) Unsuitable Material ..................................................................................................................40
3.4) Excavations ...............................................................................................................................40
3.5) Approval of Excavation ...........................................................................................................40
3.6) Excavation beyond True Line and Level ..............................................................................41
3.7) Disposal of Spoil.......................................................................................................................41
3.8) Filling ..........................................................................................................................................41
3.9) Blasting ......................................................................................................................................41
3.10) Subsoil Improvement ...............................................................................................................41
4) PILING ..................................................................................................................................................................... 42
4.1) General ......................................................................................................................................42
4.2) Driven Piles ...............................................................................................................................42
4.3) Bored Cast-in-Place Piles .......................................................................................................43
4.4) Safety .........................................................................................................................................44
4.5) Records .....................................................................................................................................44
4.6) Preliminary Test Piles ..............................................................................................................44
4.7) Test Loading of Working Piles ...............................................................................................44
4.8) Loading Procedure...................................................................................................................44
4.9) Measurement of Load .............................................................................................................44
4.10) Measurement of Settlement ...................................................................................................44
4.11) Test Records.............................................................................................................................44
4.12) Integrity testing of cast-in-place piles ....................................................................................45
5) CONCRETE .............................................................................................................................................................. 45
5.1) Cement ......................................................................................................................................45
5.2) Admixtures to Concrete...........................................................................................................45
5.3) Cement Testing ........................................................................................................................45
5.4) Storage of Cement at Site ......................................................................................................45
5.5) Aggregate ..................................................................................................................................46
5.6) Quality and Testing ..................................................................................................................46
5.7) Fine Aggregate .........................................................................................................................46
5.8) Coarse Aggregate ....................................................................................................................46
5.9) Potential Alkali Reactivity ........................................................................................................46
5.10) Sulphate and Chloride Content of Aggregate ......................................................................46
5.11) Aggregate Storage ...................................................................................................................47
5.12) Water..........................................................................................................................................47
5.13) Steel for Reinforced Concrete ................................................................................................47
5.14) Earthing .....................................................................................................................................48
5.15) Concrete Cover to Reinforcement .........................................................................................48
5.16) Storage of Reinforcement .......................................................................................................48
5.17) Water-stops ...............................................................................................................................48
5.18) Expansion and Contraction Joints .........................................................................................48
5.19) Concrete Mix Design ...............................................................................................................49
5.20) Control of Chlorides and Sulphates ......................................................................................49
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5.21) Trial Mixes .................................................................................................................................50
5.22) Test Cubes ................................................................................................................................50
5.23) Water/Cement Ratio ................................................................................................................50
5.24) Workability .................................................................................................................................50
5.25) Compaction and Slump Tests ................................................................................................50
5.26) Mixing Concrete by Machine ..................................................................................................51
5.27) Ready-Mixed Concrete ...........................................................................................................51
5.28) Transfer of Concrete ................................................................................................................51
5.29) Placing of Concrete .................................................................................................................51
5.30) Temperature Records .............................................................................................................52
5.31) No Partially Set Material to be used ......................................................................................52
5.32) Compaction of Concrete .........................................................................................................52
5.33) Concreting in Adverse Weather Conditions .........................................................................52
5.34) Concreting at Night or in the Dark .........................................................................................52
5.35) Concreting in High Ambient Temperature ............................................................................52
5.36) Curing and Protection ..............................................................................................................53
5.37) Construction Joints ..................................................................................................................53
5.38) Preparation of Surfaces to Receive Concrete .....................................................................54
5.39) Concrete Formwork .................................................................................................................54
5.40) Forms for Exposed Concrete Surfaces ................................................................................54
5.41) Forms for Non-Exposed Concrete Surfaces ........................................................................55
5.42) Preparation of Forms for Concreting .....................................................................................55
5.43) Concrete Tolerances ...............................................................................................................55
5.44) Removal of Formwork .............................................................................................................56
5.45) Pre-cast Concrete Sills / Lintels / Copings / Features ........................................................56
5.46) Exposed Surfaces ....................................................................................................................57
5.47) Fair Finish ..................................................................................................................................57
5.48) Integral Waterproofing .............................................................................................................57
5.49) Holes and Fixings.....................................................................................................................57
5.50) Grouting of Base Plates, etc...................................................................................................57
5.51) Protective Coatings ..................................................................................................................57
6) Steel work .................................................................................................................................................58
6.1) Bolts, Nuts and Washers ........................................................................................................58
6.2) Fabrication and Erection .........................................................................................................58
6.3) Fabrication.................................................................................................................................58
6.4) Welding ......................................................................................................................................58
6.5) Preparation of Steel for Painting and Galvanizing ..............................................................58
6.6) Painting and Protective Treatments ......................................................................................58
6.7) Galvanizing ...............................................................................................................................59
6.8) Protection and Painting of Metallic Materials .......................................................................59
7) Roads, Parking Areas and Hard standings................................................................................................60
8) Hollow and Solid Concrete Blocks ..........................................................................................................60
8.1) Manufacture and Curing .........................................................................................................60
8.2) Compressive Strength of Blocks............................................................................................60
9) Building Mortar ........................................................................................................................................61
9.1) Materials ....................................................................................................................................61
9.2) Mixes ..........................................................................................................................................61
9.3) Workmanship ............................................................................................................................61
10) Concrete Masonry ...............................................................................................................................61
11) Flat Roofing .........................................................................................................................................62
12) Tanking ................................................................................................................................................62
13) Doors and Frames ................................................................................................................................63
14) Windows ..............................................................................................................................................64
15) Concrete Floor Finishes.......................................................................................................................64
16) Plastering and Rendering .....................................................................................................................65
17) Wall, Floor and Ceiling Finishes .........................................................................................................66
18) Painting ................................................................................................................................................69
19) External Works ....................................................................................................................................70
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20) Chain Link Security Fencing ...............................................................................................................70
21) Drainage, Plumbing and Sanitary Ware ..............................................................................................73
22) Cable Ducts .........................................................................................................................................73
23) External Concrete Cable and Pipe Trenches .......................................................................................75
24) Direct Buried Cables ...........................................................................................................................75
25) Requirement for Fire Protection ..........................................................................................................75
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Part D
Civil Design Requirements
Substations Extension, Contract SE-1 Detailed Technical Specifications For Civil Works
Part - D Civil Design Requirements
SECTION A
SCOPE OF WORKS
1. General
The civil, structural and building design work in the contract includes all site works, foundations,
buildings, cable trenches, ducts, roads and services required for substations described
hereafter.
2. Assebe Teferi and Nura Era Substation (New substations)
The civil design works at this substation site shall include but not limited to:-
Site preparation and earth work design;

Boundary establishment;
Foundation for gantry and any equipment support structures
Foundations for Compact Air Insulated switchgear
Foundation for 33 kV and 15 kV outdoor equipment;
Foundations for power transformers;
Control and relay building;
Operator's dwelling houses;
Cable trenches, ducts and draw pits;
Site road and surfacing;
Security fencing and gates;
Property fence and gates;
Foul and surface water drainage;
Preparation of itemized, takeoff-sheet for bill of quantity, bill of quantity and
specifications in detail.
Detail design calculation data and design analysis sheet.
Control building, operator's dwelling houses and substation compound electrical
installation design, calculations & specification.
Control building, Operator's dwelling houses and substation compound water
supply and sanitary installation design, calculations and specification.
3. Substations Extension (Gefersa, Wolisso, Muger, Alemaya, Chelenko, Ghimbi and

Awash 7 kilo)
The civil and building design works at this new 230/33kV substation site shall include but not
limited to:
Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 1

Site preparation and earth work design (if required);

Foundation for gantry and any equipment support structures
Foundations for Compact Air Insulated switchgear
Foundation for 33 kV and 15 kV outdoor equipment;
Foundation for 33 kV GIS kiosk (container);
Foundations for power transformers;
Control and relay building modifications for cable trench/ducts;
Outdoor cable trenches, ducts and draw pits;
Site road and surfacing;
Foul and surface water drainage;
Preparation of itemized, takeoff-sheet for bill of quantity, bill of quantity and
specifications in detail.
Detail design calculation data and design analysis sheet.

SECTION B
DESCRIPTION OF WORKS
1. General particulars
The works are to be carried out by the Contractor who will be wholly responsible for ensuring
that its compliance with recognized international standards. The works shall also to be carried
out with a high degree quality and in accordance with approved programme.
1.1 Site Investigations
The Corporation has carried out the soil investigations and provides the necessary data
(which is going to be used for the design purpose) for each substation and the results are
attached herewith.
1.2 Site Preparation
The Bidders shall inspect the sites and the boundary area to establish the presence of any
unstable areas shall install drains and make any other appropriate permanent provisions to
prevent both erosion of the embankments by flood water and silting of the land drain.
1.3 Foundations for Gantries, Tower and outdoor Equipment
Foundations to be designed shall be of reinforced concrete Pad and Chimney type, with
concrete class C-30. Top surface elevations of the chimneys are equal with each other, and
approximately 150 mm above finished level. Exposed edges shall have a 50x50mm chamfer.
All foundations shall be designed to sustain the maximum loading attainable from any
combination of loads that may be imposed on them by the structure and or equipment they
support under any conditions. Holding down bolts shall be incorporated in the foundations as
required.
1.4 Site Roads and Surfacing
Roads within the substation sites shall be designed as asphalt road lay between flush
concrete kerbs, and laid over a prepared base and sub-base to provide roads capable of
sustaining the heaviest load likely to be imposed on them during the life of the substation.
Site roads shall be of 5000 mm width for main gates or surrounding and 4000 mm for access
to equipment. Site roads shall have suitable radii for easy movement of vehicles for
installation and maintenance of plant. They shall be designed to be laid to falls, to allow water
to be shed to the site drainage system.
External drainage shall be at least 500x500mm clear width. Floors shall be reinforced
concrete laid to falls to gullies connected to the site storm water drainage system.
Access roads from the property fence to the nearest public road shall be designed as a good
standard all weathered gravel road and the surface wearing course laid over a prepared base
and sub-base to provide the gravel roads capable of sustaining the heaviest load likely to be
imposed on them during their life.
Access roads shall be of 8000 mm width including side drainage ditches and shall have
suitable radii for easy movement of vehicles. They shall be designed to be laid to falls, to
allow water to be shed to the side drainage ditches.

1.4.1 Cable Ducts
Cable duct walls shall be of reinforced concrete, recessed at the top to receive removable

pre-cast concrete covers. The gradient of trenches shall not be steeper than 1 in 1 (45 ).
The tops of the covers shall be level with the top of adjacent foundations. The trench and
floors of external trenches shall be at least 200 mm below the level of trench floors in the
buildings and shall fall away from the building. Walls of trenches shall incorporate holes as
required to permit the installation of site services. Such holes shall be sealed on completion
of the contract.
1.4.2 Surfacing Works
Areas of the sites not covered by roads, plant, trench or building shall be covered with
minimum of 100 mm of 20 mm gravel laid over ground graded to level and treated with an
approved weed killer. The top surface of the gravel shall be approximately 100 mm below the
top foundations.
1.5 Security Fencing and Gates
Fencing to both new substations shall consist of 2500 mm high galvanized chain link mesh
supported by pre-cast concrete posts or high quality and strength steel section posts with
cranked tops carrying three strands of barbed wire. Fence post shall be set into concrete
foundations or depending on the terrain of the substation it will on the retaining wall.
At each site 5000 mm wide gates (high quality and strength) steel frame shall be designed.
Prior to fabrication the contractor shall submit for approval dimensioned drawings of all
fencing, which shall include fences gates and braces.
1.6 Foul and Surface Water Drainage
Surface water drainage system shall be designed for new substations and at substations
to be extended. Surface water at each substation shall be collected into main drains and
discharged into near by water way or municipality drainage system.
Foul drainage at the new substations shall be led to a septic tank. The septic tanks and foul
drainage system shall be designed by the Contractor including soak-away pits in detail for
each substation
SITE SPECIFIC DESCRIPTIONS
2. New substations
The scope of civil structural and building design works for these substations are described in
SECTION A. Items of general applications are described in SECTION - B. The positions
and layouts of the sites are indicated on drawings provided in the Tender Document.
2.1. Site Preparation
Earth work design for bulk excavation, fill, embankment and cart-away surplus excavated
materials shall be carried out in detail showing all information required for the construction
works of new substations.
The earthwork design shall include grading the surface to falls and install land drains as
necessary to ensure that the storm water cannot accumulate. The earthwork design shall
ensure that storm water from above the sites is diverted and that the cut-off drains remain

free of silt. The earth work design shall existing ground level (EGL) and established ground
level.
The Contractor shall submit his design proposals in this respect for the approval of the
Engineer. The proposals shall be made with a view to securing the stability of all works
related to the substation sites for at least 50 years.
2.2. Buildings
The new control and relay building that to be constructed on new substations shall be of
single storey and incorporate the accommodation indicated on the drawings provided with
this tender document. It shall be constructed using a reinforced concrete frame with in-fill,
insulated block work walls and a reinforced concrete roof. External finish to walls shall be
painted sand / cement render. The external walls shall provide a U value not exceeding 0.7
W/m2 0C. An outdoor lean-to sunshade with profiled steel sheet roof shall be provided for the
water dowser.
The building shall be designed on reinforced concrete foundations appropriate to the ground
conditions and shall have a reinforced concrete ground floor slab incorporating cable
trenches as required. Finished ground floor level shall be 400 mm above grade. Provision
shall be made for connecting mesh reinforcement in the ground floor slab to the main
earthing grid at one point only.
Ducts shall be provided through the external wall wherever cables enter the building. Such
ducts shall be adequately sealed after installation of the cables, to prevent the ingress of
moisture and vermin.
Internal walls shall be of block work and shall have a painted plaster finish.
The concrete roof shall be covered with a 1000 gauge polythene vapour barrier having
sealed laps. On top of this shall be a minimum thickness of 75mm sand/cement screed laid to
falls towards the gutters and the roof shall be finished with continuous 2 layer bituminous
felt or other approved waterproof membrane. Solar protection shall be provided by light
coloured tiles bedded in bitumen with 75mm wide strips between tiles filed with rounded
shingle.
The roof shall be provided with gutters and externally mounted down pipes for the transfer of
rainwater to the site drainage system.
External doors shall generally be of factory finished Aluminium framed and shall be sized to
permit the installation and removal for maintenance of the largest items of equipment within
the rooms to which they give access. Doors that would need to be in excess of the standard
height for access purposes shall be of standard height with a removable transom and panel
over.
Emergency exit doors (if any) shall be fitted with panic bolts, which shall be of the concealed
mechanism type. Internal doors will be high quality semisolid woyera timber.
Sufficient windows to give an adequate provision of natural daylight shall be provided to all
rooms except battery room. All windows frame shall be factory finished best quality
Aluminium frame and shall be provided with external security screens and opening lights
shall be provided in the toilet. Toilet windows shall have obscure glass; all other windows
shall have clear glass.
All widows and glazed doors should be grilled with proper size and design of tubular steel,
and all windows shall be equipped with mosquito net to prevent insects entering in the rooms.
The battery room shall be provided with stainless sink 600mm square and 400mm deep,
fitted with bucket grill. The rim of the sink shall be 700mm above floor level. Cold water only

shall be supplied from a tap located 600mm above the rim of the sink. The sink outlet shall be
acid alkali resistance and piped into a separate soak-away pit. The tap shall be provided with
an eyewash facility. Water shall be stored in a 1500 litre covered tank installed at high level
near the battery room. This will be filled as required from a 1000 litre capacity trailer bowsser
via an external connection in the outside wall. All pipe work, valves and fittings, as well as the
bower and manual pump, shall be designed to be provided and installed by the civil
Contractor.
All plant within the battery room shall be mounted on 150mm high tiled and covered up
stands. A similarly tiled 150mm high up stand threshold shall be provided to the external
door. The battery room entry door shall be in an external wall; it shall have louver ventilation
panels, each 300mm square, near top and bottom of the battery room door.
The battery room has to have adequate forced ventilation, acid resistant concrete or tiled floor
and sink unit with running water and eye wash facilities.
Battery room shall have extract ventilation fans with supply air drawn in through transfer
grilles to ensure smells do not enter the working area.
Explosion proof lighting and ventilation fan installations are required for large ventilated
battery installation with high quality acid fume resistance glass.
Toilet rooms shall be provided with all necessary plumbing and sanitary ware which shall
include a western style closet, hand, cold water and a water heater, mirrors and all other
usual fittings.
At least one 3kg dry powder fire extinguisher shall be provided in each room of the control
building. These shall have steel bodies, filled with dry powder, which shall be expelled
through a short, non-perishable reinforced hose by a carbon dioxide cartridge. Each
appliance shall be equipped with a chained safety pin and shall be wall mounted. All
extinguishers shall be of a type maintained and recharged by locally resident technicians.
The actual quantity and types of extinguishers shall be agreed by the Contractor with the
Engineer in consideration of the FOC rules, and shall be dependent on the final size of the
building and on the equipment being provided.
All rooms shall have adequate natural ventilation provided by means of suitable fixed
aluminium vermin and insect proof fixed louvers located at high and low levels. Lighting and
small power shall be provided to all rooms in each building. The underside of the concrete
roof slab shall be smooth fair faced and painted.
The battery room shall have acid- resistant tiles to floors, covered skirting and up-stands. All
other areas shall have PVC tiles on sand / cement screed. A 1200mm wide paved walk away
shall be designed and provided around the building. The paving shall be a maximum of
140mm above grade and shall have a fall of 1 in 100 away from the building.

SECTION - C
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
1. Designs by the Contractor
All Civil Engineering and Building Work for every structure and item of plant required for all
substations shall be designed and drawn by the Contractor in accordance with this
specification.
Designs shall be prepared in accordance with the best current engineering practice, with the
requirements of this specification and with the appropriate Codes of Practice and Standards as
referred to herein. Any departure from referenced code and standards must be fully explained
in writing and submitted to the engineers approval.
The contractor shall be entirely responsible for the stability and sufficiency of the work.
The contractor shall be responsible for the complete design of the work.
2. Design Submissions
2.1 The contractor shall provide the schedule of submission of documents/ drawings for
approval with complete list of documents within thirty (30) days from the date of coming into
force of the contract.
2.2 The contractor shall submit all complete civil design drawings and documents required for
civil work constructions within three (3) months from the date of coming into force of the
contract.
2.3 The contractor shall produce individual sets of calculations and drawings for each section of
the works. All sets shall be bound, titled, given unique numbers and indexed. The binding
shall allow for the easy introduction of subsequent pages if required.
Where required, the Contractor shall provide an explanation together with evidence to
validate computer programs used for design calculations.
Calculations and drawings shall be always be submitted with a full detailed transmittal
sheet indicating calculation / drawing number, revision suffix and date of issue.
All drawing shall be to scale and fully detailed. Dimensions shall be given in SI metric units.
A scale bar shall be included in each drawing.
Drawings shall be a number unique to this Contract with a suffix to indicate revision status.
Revision notes shall detail the nature of each revision.
Three copies of approved drawings, calculation sheets, list of materials, specifications, etc.
shall be submitted for construction works. Three copies of as-built drawings including the
reproducible transparency drawings shall be provided within three months after the
provisional taking over of electromechanical works.
3. Design Basis
The structures and all parts of thereof shall be capable of withstanding within the prescribed
settlement, deflection and stress limits, the worst practicable combination of dead live loads,
wind and erection forces, secondary stresses, impact, temperature and shrinkage effect.

4. Design of foundations
Foundations shall be designed in accordance with BS80004 or equivalent EURO Code.
The design of foundations for all structures and equipment shall not exceed acceptable limits.
The Design of these items is to be submitted for the approval of the Engineer.
All trench and pits covers etc., shall be designed for the same maximum loadings as the area
in which they are situated.
Where ground improvement methods are adopted these shall be to the approval of the
Corporation.
Where piling is adopted the design of piles and foundations shall be to the approval of the
engineer. Where foundations are supported on piles they shall be adequately and properly tied
to the pile heads.
Allowance is to be made for the provision of preliminary test piles to be placed and tested
before any construction and during the design, in order to obtain suitable working loads for the
proposed piles.
For non-piled foundations, the Contractor shall provide evidence to support the value for
bearing capacity used in the design.
5. Loadings and Design of Floors and Roofs
The design live load on all floors shall be based on the static and dynamic loading from the
plant and equipment offered. In no case shall floors be designed for less than 5.0 kN/m2. The
design live load on roofs shall not be less than 1.5 kN/m2 together with all other static loading
from water tanks, air conditioning units etc., unless specifically agreed otherwise by the
Engineer.
6. Design of Masonry Walls
Masonry elements shall be designed and constructed in accordance with BS5628 or equivalent
EURO Code.
All walls and wall panels shall be of sufficient strength and thickness and adequately secured
to the structural frame to withstand superimposed loads, self-weight and wind pressures
without cracking or distortion. Masonry generally shall be isolated from structural members but
doweled to prevent collapse.
All wall panels shall be so designed and constructed with expansion joints as to prevent
cracking or distortion through thermal movements. The expansion joints are to be covered with
approved flexible metal closer strips.
Full consideration shall be given to movements due to changes of temperature. Expansion

joints shall be provided where necessary. Retaining walls shall be provided with expansion
joints and weep holes to prevent the build-up of moisture.
7. Concrete Design

Reinforced concrete design shall be carried out in accordance with BS8110 or equivalent
EURO Code.
8. Thermal Requirements
Designs shall meet all thermal requirements of the Building Regulation with respect to walls,
roof, floors, windows, etc.
9. Fire Resistance Building Structure
The Contractor shall make provision in the design of the building structure for minimum periods
of fire resistance in accordance with Building Regulations.
10. Site Roads
The design of site roads shall be such as to withstand the heaviest loads to be imposed during
the construction and working life of the substations. Roads shall have design lifetime of 25
years. Except where indicated otherwise, the roads shall be a minimum of 4000mm wide with a
10m minimum radius at bends. Junctions shall be suitable for the vehicles likely to use them.
11. Water Supply and Drainage
Plumbing and drainage shall be designed in accordance with all appropriate British Standards.
Surface water drains shall be designed for a 1 in 5 year storm and proportioned so that the
pipes run un-surcharged at self-cleansing / non-scouring velocities. Road gullies shall be
designed to ensure that the maximum width of flow in road channels does not cause
inconvenience to road users.

Part - E
STAFF DWELLING HOUSES
PART E STAFF DWELLING HOUSES
STAFF DWELLING HOUSES ARRANGEMENT
The main building shall accommodate living and dining rooms, one master and one bed room for
childrens both with built in cupboard, one common shower and one toilet room, with proper
corridor system.
The internal arrangement for single and duplex main house is identical. For more information refer
the attached architectural drawing.
The service quarter includes one kitchen, maids room, and toilet room with shower head fixed on.
The duplex service quarter and the single one have the same internal arrangement for better
information see the attached architectural design.
All widows and glazed doors should be grilled with proper size and design of tubular steel, and all
windows shall be equipped with mosquito net to prevent insects entering in the rooms.
Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 10

OPERATORS DWELLING HOUSES CIVIL WORKS
Duplex Dwelling House
A) Sub Structure
1. Excavation
The site has to be cleared to a minimum depth of 20 cm from vegetation and roots of grass. Bulk
excavation shall be carried out to the designed level.
Backfill under hard-core with non-expansive selected material brought from out side the site and
compact in layers not exceeding 200mm thick.
Backfill around foundation wall and around footing with non-expansive selected material brought
from out side the site and compact in layers not exceeding 200mm thick.
Cart away surplus excavated material at a distance not less than 5km.from the site.
Basaltic or equivalent stone hard-core well rammed, consolidated and blinded with crushed stone to
a finished thickness of 250mm.
2. Concrete work
To be provided 50mm thick lean concrete in concrete class C-5, with minimum cement content of
150kg/M3 under all masonry foundations and footing pads.
Reinforced concrete work for all structures should be made in class C-25, with minimum cement
content of 360kgs/m3 filled into formwork and vibrated around steel reinforcement.
The contractor has to use fair-faced good quality formworks in all reinforced concrete or mass
concrete structures.
The Contractor shall make use of steel with yield strength of not less than 400 N/mm2, clear from
rust and grease.
3. Masonry Work
The contractor has to utilize trachytic or equivalent stone for masonry foundation and retaining wall.
For the joint will be in use cement - sand mortar, mix 1:4 and above ground level, exposed surface
left for pointing. The height of masonry wall under the designed level will be as per the approved
foundation design result.

B) Super structure
1. Concrete Work
rust and grease.
2. Block work
The external wall should be 200mm thick block wall and bedded in cement-sand mortar mix of
(1:3) both sides left for plastering and the external wall will to be tyrolin rendered and all internal
walls to be plastered and painted. The internal wall will be 150mm or 100mm thick block wall as
per the approved architectural design and will be bedded in cement-sand mortar mix of (1:3) and
both sides left for plastering and painting.
3. Roofing
Roofing cover shall be G - 28 galvanized C.I.S. which is to be fixed on 100 - 120 mm diameter
eucalyptus wooden truss and 50 x 70 mm Zigba wood purlins c/c 90cm according to structural
drawing of the truss. For the protection of termites to be applied two coats of anti-termite solution to
all truss members and purlins before covering. The ridge cover shall be galvanized flat iron sheet
G-28 as per the architectural drawing.
Metal flashing formed in gauge 28 galvanized flat metal sheets to be fixed as shown on detail
design drawing.
4. Carpentry and Joinery
All structural truss members and purlin shall be well seasoned, straight and free from harmful
defects; each truss shall be tied to concrete top tie-beam with diam.6mm plain bar.
a) Eucalyptus Truss
The truss shall be according to structural drawing of the truss or not less than the given here;
upper and lower chord diameter 100-120mm. Vertical and diagonal members diameter 80mm. 50 x
70mm swan Zigba wood purlins. 25 x 300 mm tid wood fascia board and painted three coats of
weather resistant paint.
The ceiling material to be 8mm thick chip wood which is to be fixed to 40x50mm Zigba wood
battens at 620mm c/c both ways 'and fixed to truss, at corners shall be covered with sloped hard
wood ceiling cover fillet.
b) Doors
Wooden doors shall be with semi-solid core, both sides covered with 4mm thick high quality ply
wood. Top, Bottom and sides lipped and edged with hard wood including, as well as the frame
shall be sold hard wood with three coats of varnish paint, stopper and iron mongrey, and approved
type cylindrical door lock (for internal doors.) The quality of material used and workmanship will be
approved by the engineer. Any opening on top and bottom of the door due to poor quality of work
and material will be the cause to reject the doors at all.

5. Metal works
Windows and external doors shall be fabricated from seco profile frame and the cylindrical door
lock, doors stopper & the handle for window shall be approved by the engineer before it will be
fixed.
The size of doors & windows shall be taken from the architectural design drawings. All windows
shall be grilled.
For main entrance at the front door and at the rear door consider that it will be partly glazed frozen
glass and partly covered with 0.8 mm thick ribbed sheet with grills.
6. Finishing
Finishing work shall include all surface pre-cleaning preparation, application of the finish polishing
and cleaning at the end of finished works. Three coats of plastering up to fine finish in cement sand
mortar ratio (1:3) for all rooms except toilet rooms and shower rooms. For toilet and shower rooms
the surface of block wall two coats of plastering in cement - sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) to receive
ceramic wall tile. The plastering work in toilet and shower rooms will be in two types:
a) From the F.F level to + 1.50 m level will be two coats of plastering and then ceramic
wall tile as per Architectural Design.
b) Above +1.50 m level three coats of plastering and then painting.
For toilet and shower rooms provide 6 mm thick and 150 x 150 mm (white) ceramic glazed wall tile
applied to plastered walls on and including cement mortar backing and white cement grouting.
As per the architectural design for P.V.C. floor finish use 48 mm thick cement sand screed for
bedding (mix ratio 1:3) then 2mm thick PVC tile flooring lay with approved adhesive and provide
80mm terrazzo tile skirting stuck to wall with approved adhesive.
For terrazzo floor finish use 200x200 mm tile flooring bedded 30mm thick cement - sand screed
mix ratio (1:3), and joints shall be grouted in cement mortar. Price includes all the necessary
works. 100 mm high 100mm high terrazzo skirting stuck to wall with cement-sand mortar (1:3) mix
backing.
For pavement around the building use the material which indicated in the architectural design and
the work shall include 10cm thick red-ash bed. 350 x 40 mm-reinforced terrazzo windowsill bedded
in cement -sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) and provide water drop in all windowsills.
7. Glazing
As indicated in the architectural design the window and door glass shall be clear and figured with
determined thickness.
8. Painting
All the painting work shall be with high quality plastic emulsion for plastered internal walls, to chip
wood ceiling, for roofing sheet and G-28 Corrugated iron sheet (CIS) eave soffit. Quality of plastic
emulsion and color will be approved by the engineer.

9. Electrical Installation
For Duplex dwelling house
Two sub-distribution boards flush mounted with lockable door and complete with all accessories
and consisting of each: -
1 pc ACB of 6A/1P
1 pc ACB of 10A/1P
2 pcs ACB of 16A/1P
1 pc ACB of 32A/1P
1 pc ACB of 40A/1P
For Duplex service quarter
Two sub-distribution boards flush mounted flush mounted with lockable door and complete with all
accessories and consisting of each: -
1 pc ACB of 10A/1P
2 pcs ACB of 16A/1P
1 pc ACB of 20A/1P
a) Light points fed through PVC insulated conductors of 2 x 2.5 sq.mm in thermoplastic
conduit of 16 mm diameter for recessed installation including junction boxes with covers
insulating screw caps and all other necessary accessories.
b) Extra over light points for flush mounting switches
Single pole on-off switch

Two-circuit switch
Two-way switch
Flush mounted socket outlet switch for water heater of 16A/1p with earthing contact fed through
PVC insulated conductors of 3 x2.5 sq.mm in thermoplastic conduit of 16 mm diameter including
junction boxes with covers, insulating caps etc.
Socket outlet with 20A/1p for electric stove /Injera oven/ fed through PVC sheathed cable of 3 x 4
mm2 in thermoplastic conduit of 25 mm diameter including isolator switch of 20A/1P.
Telephone point (only conduit of 19 mm diameter including junction boxes with covers etc.) as per
ETCCO requirements.
Television antenna outlet complete with coaxial cable in thermoplastic conduit of 19 mm diameter
including junction boxes with covers etc.
Bell call push buttons flush mounted fed through PVC insulated conductors of 2x1.0mm2 in
thermoplastic conduit of 13mm diameter for recessed installation including junction boxes with
covers, all necessary accessories and bell call of 220 V.
The following Light Fittings and Lamps shall be installed:
Incandescent fitting type RZB-25 116.00X or equivalent with 1x60w GLS lamp.

Incandescent fitting type RZB-25 116.002 or equivalent with 1x60w GLS lamp.
Fluorescent fitting type Philips TMS 114 136 IC or equivalent with L36 w tube.
Cables
PVC sheeted, PVC insulated cables type NYY 0.6/1kV, or equivalent and of:
3 x 6 mm2
2 x 10 mm2
10. Sanitary Installation
Sanitary work includes installation of galvanized steel pipes of diameter 15mm or diameter 1/2" for
cold and hot water distribution to all internal sanitary fixtures from the gate valve according to
where shown on the drawing, complete with the necessary connecting pieces such as bends,
unions, etc. .
As well as fixing of gate valves of approved standards for every sanitary fixture, complete with
unions, elastic water proofing and hand wheels of normal quality. Diameter 15mm or diameter 1/2"
The toilet will have the following equipments with their accessories: -
Hand wash basins should be made of white vitreous china equipped with canceled bracket made
of gray malleable cast iron white paint, complete with plug, chains, traps and other necessary
accessories. Size: 500 x 400 mm;
wash down water closet made of white vitreous china with plastic seat and cover including low
flush cistern, complete with all the accessories such as float valve, etc.;
Toilet paper holder with metal roller 150 x 150 x 25 mm of approved standard, complete with
fastening screws.
Crystal glass mirror including chrome plated brass mirrors, clips and screws size: 500 x 400mm.
Supply and fix soap holder in white vitreous china 150 x 150mm.
Standard towel hanger made of chrome plated tubular metal rollers including fastening screws and
the necessary accessories. (Single arm)
Shower units of approved standards made of enamelled cast iron plate, including showerhead
complete with all the accessories.
Electric water heater, complete with all water proofing, mounting and fastening material, heat
insulation, safety and non-return valves, complete with all the accessories capacity 80 litters.
Down pipes shall be of PVC size 160mm diameter secured to wall with metal straps and given two
coats of plastic paint as per the architect decision.
Gutter shall be G - 28 galvanized flat metal sheets, development length 500 mm spliced at joints
and welded and given two coats of rust resisting paint plus 2 coats paint as per the architect
decision. A slope of 0.5% towards down pipes should be provided.

Duplex Service Quarter
A) Sub Structure
1. Excavation
The site has to be cleared to a minimum depth of 20 cm from vegetation and roots of grass. Bulk
excavation shall be carried out to the designed level.
Backfill under hard-core with non-expansive selected material brought from out side the site and
compact in layers not exceeding 200mm thick.
Basaltic or equivalent stone hard-core well rammed, consolidated and blinded with crushed stone to
a finished thickness of 250mm.
2. Concrete work
To be provided 50mm thick lean concrete in concrete class C-5, with minimum cement content of
150kg/M3 under all masonry foundations and footing pads.
rust and grease.
3. Masonry Work
The contractor has to utilize trachytic or equivalent stone for masonry foundation and retaining wall.
For the joint will be in use cement - sand mortar, mix 1:4 and above ground level, exposed surface
left for pointing. The height of masonry wall under the designed level will be as per the approved
foundation design result.

B) Super structure
1. Concrete Work
rust and grease.
2. Block work
(1:3) both sides left for plastering and the external wall will to be tyrolin rendered and all internal
walls to be plastered and painted. The internal wall will be 150mm or 100mm thick block wall as
per the approved architectural design and will be bedded in cement-sand mortar mix of (1:3) and
both sides left for plastering and painting.
3. Roofing
drawing of the truss. For the protection of termites to be applied two coats of anti-termite solution to
all truss members and purlins before covering. The ridge cover shall be galvanized flat iron sheet
G-28 as per the architectural drawing.
design drawing.
a) Eucalyptus Truss
upper and lower chord diameter 100-120mm. Vertical and diagonal members diameter 80mm. 50 x
70mm swan Zigba wood purlins. 25 x 300 mm tid wood fascia board and painted three coats of
weather resistant paint.
battens at 620mm c/c both ways 'and fixed to truss, at corners shall be covered with sloped hard
wood ceiling cover fillet
b) Doors
shall be sold hard wood with three coats of varnish paint, stopper and iron mongrey, and approved
type cylindrical door lock (for internal doors.) The quality of material used and workmanship will be
approved by the engineer. Any opening on top and bottom of the door due to poor quality of work
and material will be the cause to reject the doors at all.

5. Metal works
fixed.
shall be grilled.
For main entrance at the front door and at the rear door consider that it will be partly glazed frozen
glass and partly covered with 0.8 mm thick ribbed sheet with grills.
6. Finishing
Finishing work shall include all surface pre-cleaning preparation, application of the finish polishing
and cleaning at the end of finished works. Three coats of plastering up to fine finish in cement sand
mortar ratio (1:3) for all rooms except toilet rooms and shower rooms. For toilet and shower rooms
the surface of block wall two coats of plastering in cement - sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) to receive
ceramic wall tile. The plastering work in toilet and shower rooms will be in two types:
a) From the F.F level to + 1.50 m level will be two coats of plastering and then ceramic wall
tile as per Architectural Design.
b) b) Above +1.50 m level three coats of plastering and then painting.
For toilet and shower rooms provide 6 mm thick and 150 x 150 mm (white) ceramic glazed wall tile
applied to plastered walls on and including cement mortar backing and white cement grouting.
bedding (mix ratio 1:3) then 2mm thick PVC tile flooring lay with approved adhesive and provide
80mm terrazzo tile skirting stuck to wall with approved adhesive.
For terrazzo floor finish use 200x200 mm tile flooring bedded 30mm thick cement - sand screed
mix ratio (1:3), and joints shall be grouted in cement mortar. Price includes all the necessary
works. 100 mm high 100mm high terrazzo skirting stuck to wall with cement-sand mortar (1:3) mix
backing.
For pavement around the building use the material which indicated in the architectural design and
the work shall include 10cm thick red-ash bed. 350 x 40 mm-reinforced terrazzo windowsill bedded
in cement -sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) and provide water drop in all windowsills.
7. Glazing
As indicated in the architectural design the window and door glass shall be clear and figured with
determined thickness.
8. Painting
All the painting work shall be with high quality plastic emulsion for plastered internal walls, to chip
wood ceiling, for roofing sheet and G-28 Corrugated iron sheet (CIS) eave soffit. Quality of plastic
emulsion and color will be approved by the engineer.
Sanitary work includes installation of galvanized steel pipes of diameter 15mm or diameter 1/2" for
cold and hot water distribution to all internal sanitary fixtures from the gate valve according to

where shown on the drawing, complete with the necessary connecting pieces such as bends,
unions, etc. .
unions, elastic water proofing and hand wheels of normal quality. Diameter 20mm or diameter 3/4",
diameter 15mm or diameter 1/2"
Hand wash basins should be made of white vitreous china equipped with canceled bracket made
of gray malleable cast iron white paint, complete with plug, chains, traps and other necessary
accessories. Size: 500 x 400 mm;
Turkish W.C. made of enameled cast iron of approved standard complete with high flush cistern,
chain, trap and the necessary accessories.
fastening screws.
Crystal glass mirror including chrome plated brass mirrors, clips and screws size: 500 x 400mm.
Supply and fix soap holder in white vitreous china 150 x 150mm.
Standard towel hanger made of chrome plated tubular metal rollers including fastening screws and
the necessary accessories. (Single arm)
Floor drains made of enameled cast iron with smell trap complete with all the accessories. Diameter
50 mm
insulation, safety and non-return valves, complete with all the accessories capacity 80 litters for the
kitchen.
Down pipes shall be of PVC size 160mm diameter secured to wall with metal straps and given two
coats of plastic paint as per the architect decision.
Gutter shall be G - 28 galvanized flat metal sheets, development length 500 mm spliced at joints
and welded and given two coats of rust resisting paint plus 2 coats paint as per the architect
decision. A slope of 0.5% towards down pipes should be provided.
Supply and fix stainless steel sink with double bowl with brass chrome plated trap, complete with
plug, chain holder, drainpipe, mixing faucet and other accessories.
Out side the service quarter to be fixed prefabricated laundry basin of grainy, complete with smell
trap, water top and other accessories.

Single Dwelling House
A) Sub Structure
1. Excavation
The site has to be cleared to a minimum depth of 20 cm from vegetation and roots of grass.
Bulk excavation shall be carried out to the designed level.
Backfill under hard-core with non-expansive selected material brought from out side the site
and compact in layers not exceeding 200mm thick.
Basaltic or equivalent stone hard-core well rammed, consolidated and blinded with crushed stone
to a finished thickness of 250mm.
2. Concrete work
To be provided 50mm thick lean concrete in concrete class C-5, with minimum cement content
of 150kg/M3 under all masonry foundations and footing pads.
Reinforced concrete work for all structures should be made in class C-25, with minimum
cement content of 360kgs/m3 filled into formwork and vibrated around steel reinforcement.
The Contractor shall make use of steel with yield strength of not less than 400 N/mm2, clear
from rust and grease.
3. Masonry Work
The contractor has to utilize trachytic or equivalent stone for masonry foundation and retaining
wall. For the joint will be in use cement - sand mortar, mix 1:4 and above ground level, exposed
surface left for pointing. The height of masonry wall under the designed level will be as per the
approved foundation design result.

B) Super structure
1. Concrete Work
2. Block work
(1:3) both sides left for plastering and the external wall will to be tyrolin rendered and all
internal walls to be plastered and painted. The internal wall will be 150mm or 100mm thick
block wall as per the approved architectural design and will be bedded in cement-sand mortar
mix of (1:3) and both sides left for plastering and painting.
3. Roofing
drawing of the truss. For the protection of termites to be applied two coats of anti-termite
solution to all truss members and purlins before covering. The ridge cover shall be galvanized
flat iron sheet G-28 as per the architectural drawing.
design drawing.
a) Eucalyptus Truss
upper and lower chord diameter 100-120mm. Vertical and diagonal members diameter
80mm. 50 x 70mm swan Zigba wood purlins. 25 x 300 mm tid wood fascia board and painted
three coats of weather resistant paint.
battens at 620mm c/c both ways 'and fixed to truss, at corners shall be covered with sloped
hard wood ceiling cover fillet.
b) Doors
shall be sold hard wood with three coats of varnish paint, stopper and iron mongrey, and
approved type cylindrical door lock (for internal doors.) The quality of material used and
workmanship will be approved by the engineer. Any opening on top and bottom of the door due
to poor quality of work and material will be the cause to reject the doors at all.

5. Metal works
fixed.
shall be grilled.
For main entrance at the front door and at the rear door consider that it will be partly glazed
frozen glass and partly covered with 0.8 mm thick ribbed sheet with grills.
6. Finishing
Finishing work shall include all surface pre-cleaning preparation, application of the finish
polishing and cleaning at the end of finished works. Three coats of plastering up to fine finish in
cement sand mortar ratio (1:3) for all rooms except toilet rooms and shower rooms. For toilet
and shower rooms the surface of block wall two coats of plastering in cement - sand mortar mix
ratio (1:3) to receive ceramic wall tile. The plastering work in toilet and shower rooms will be in
two types:
a) From the F.F level to + 1.50 m level will be two coats of plastering and then ceramic
wall tile as per Architectural Design.
For toilet and shower rooms provide 6 mm thick and 150 x 150 mm (white) ceramic glazed wall
tile applied to plastered walls on and including cement mortar backing and white cement
grouting.
bedding (mix ratio 1:3) then 2mm thick PVC tile flooring lay with approved adhesive and
provide 80mm terrazzo tile skirting stuck to wall with approved adhesive.
For terrazzo floor finish use 200x200 mm tile flooring bedded 30mm thick cement - sand
screed mix ratio (1:3), and joints shall be grouted in cement mortar. Price includes all the
necessary works. 100 mm high 100mm high terrazzo skirting stuck to wall with cement-sand
mortar (1:3) mix backing.
For pavement around the building use the material which indicated in the architectural design
and the work shall include 10cm thick red-ash bed. 350 x 40 mm-reinforced terrazzo windowsill
bedded in cement -sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) and provide water drop in all windowsills.
7. Glazing
As indicated in the architectural design the window and door glass shall be clear and figured
with determined thickness.
8. Painting
All the painting work shall be with high quality plastic emulsion for plastered internal walls, to
chip wood ceiling, for roofing sheet and G-28 Corrugated iron sheet (CIS) eave soffit. Quality of
plastic emulsion and color will be approved by the engineer.

9. Electrical Installation
For Single dwelling house
One sub-distribution boards flush mounted with lockable door and complete with all
accessories and consisting of each: -
1 pc ACB of 6A/1P
1 pc ACB of 10A/1P
2 pcs ACB of 16A/1P
1 pc ACB of 32A/1P
1 pc ACB of 40A/1P
For Single service quarter
One sub-distribution boards flush mounted flush mounted with lockable door and complete
with all accessories and consisting of each: -
1 pc ACB of 10A/1P
2 pcs ACB of 16A/1P
1 pc ACB of 20A/1P
a) Light points fed through PVC insulated conductors of 2 x 2.5 sq.mm in thermoplastic
conduit of 16 mm diameter for recessed installation including junction boxes with covers
insulating screw caps and all other necessary accessories.
b) Extra over light points for flush mounting switches
Single pole on-off switch

Two-circuit switch
Two-way switch
Flush mounted socket outlet switch for water heater of 16A/1p with earthing contact fed
through PVC insulated conductors of 3 x2.5 sq.mm in thermoplastic conduit of 16 mm
diameter including junction boxes with covers, insulating caps etc.
Socket outlet with 20A/1p for electric stove /Injera oven/ fed through PVC sheathed cable of 3
x 4 mm2 in thermoplastic conduit of 25 mm diameter including isolator switch of 20A/1P.
Telephone point (only conduit of 19 mm diameter including junction boxes with covers etc.)
as per ETCCO requirements.
Television antenna outlet complete with coaxial cable in thermoplastic conduit of 19 mm

diameter including junction boxes with covers etc.
Bell call push buttons flush mounted fed through PVC insulated conductors of 2x1.0mm2 in
thermoplastic conduit of 13mm diameter for recessed installation including junction boxes
with covers, all necessary accessories and bell call of 220 V.
The following Light Fittings and Lamps shall be installed:

Fluorescent fitting type Philips TMS 114 136 IC or equivalent with L36 w tube.
Cables
PVC sheeted, PVC insulated cables type NYY 0.6/1kV, or equivalent and of:-
3 x 6 mm2
2 x 10 mm2
Sanitary work includes installation of galvanized steel pipes of diameter 15mm or diameter 1/2"
for cold and hot water distribution to all internal sanitary fixtures from the gate valve according
to where shown on the drawing, complete with the necessary connecting pieces such as
bends, unions, etc. .
unions, elastic water proofing and hand wheels of normal quality. Diameter 15mm or diameter
1/2"
Hand wash basins should be made of white vitreous china equipped with canceled bracket
made of gray malleable cast iron white paint, complete with plug, chains, traps and other
necessary accessories. Size: 500 x 400 mm;
wash down water closet made of white vitreous china with plastic seat and cover including low
flush cistern, complete with all the accessories such as float valve, etc.;
fastening screws.
Crystal glass mirror including chrome plated brass mirrors, clips and screws size: 500 x
400mm. Supply and fix soap holder in white vitreous china 150 x 150mm.
Standard towel hanger made of chrome plated tubular metal rollers including fastening screws
and the necessary accessories. (Single arm)
insulation, safety and non-return valves, complete with all the accessories capacity 80 litters.
Down pipes shall be of PVC size 160mm diameter secured to wall with metal straps and given
two coats of plastic paint as per the architect decision.
Gutter shall be G - 28 galvanized flat metal sheets, development length 500 mm spliced at
joints and welded and given two coats of rust resisting paint plus 2 coats paint as per the
architect decision. A slope of 0.5% towards down pipes should be provided.

Single Service Quarter
A) Sub Structure
1. Excavation
2. Concrete work
3. Masonry Work
The contractor has to utilize traychatic or equivalent stone for masonry foundation and retaining

B) Super structure
1. Concrete Work
2. Block work
3. Roofing
drawing of the truss. For the protection of termites to be applied two coats of anti-termite
solution to all truss members and purlins before covering. The ridge cover shall be galvanized
flat iron sheet G-28 as per the architectural drawing.
design drawing.
a) Eucalyptus Truss
upper and lower chord diameter 100-120mm. Vertical and diagonal members diameter
80mm. 50 x 70mm swan Zigba wood purlins. 25 x 300 mm tid wood fascia board and painted
three coats of weather resistant paint.
battens at 620mm c/c both ways 'and fixed to truss, at corners shall be covered with sloped
hard wood ceiling cover fillet
b) Doors
shall be sold hard wood with three coats of varnish paint, stopper and iron mongrey, and
approved type cylindrical door lock (for internal doors.) The quality of material used and
workmanship will be approved by the engineer. Any opening on top and bottom of the door due
to poor quality of work and material will be the cause to reject the doors at all.

5. Metal works
fixed.
shall be grilled.
For main entrance at the front door and at the rear door consider that it will be partly glazed
frozen glass and partly covered with 0.8 mm thick ribbed sheet with grills.
6. Finishing
polishing and cleaning at the end of finished works. Three coats of plastering up to fine finish
in cement sand mortar ratio (1:3) for all rooms except toilet rooms and shower rooms. For
toilet and shower rooms the surface of block wall two coats of plastering in cement - sand
mortar mix ratio (1:3) to receive ceramic wall tile. The plastering work in toilet and shower
rooms will be in two types:
a) From the F.F level to + 1.50 m level will be two coats of plastering and then ceramic wall
tile as per Architectural Design.
For toilet and shower rooms provide 6 mm thick and 150 x 150 mm (white) ceramic glazed
wall tile applied to plastered walls on and including cement mortar backing and white cement
grouting.
and the work shall include 10cm thick red-ash bed. 350 x 40 mm-reinforced terrazzo
windowsill bedded in cement -sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) and provide water drop in all
windowsills.
7. Glazing
8. Painting

Sanitary work includes installation of galvanized steel pipes of diameter 15mm or diameter
1/2" for cold and hot water distribution to all internal sanitary fixtures from the gate valve
according to where shown on the drawing, complete with the necessary connecting pieces
such as bends, unions, etc. .
unions, elastic water proofing and hand wheels of normal quality. Diameter 20mm or diameter
3/4", diameter 15mm or diameter 1/2"
Hand wash basins should be made of white vitreous china equipped with canceled bracket
made of gray malleable cast iron white paint, complete with plug, chains, traps and other
necessary accessories. Size: 500 x 400 mm;
Turkish W.C. made of enameled cast iron of approved standard complete with high flush
cistern, chain, trap and the necessary accessories.
fastening screws.
Crystal glass mirror including chrome plated brass mirrors, clips and screws size: 500 x
400mm. Supply and fix soap holder in white vitreous china 150 x 150mm.
Standard towel hanger made of chrome plated tubular metal rollers including fastening
screws and the necessary accessories. (Single arm)
Floor drains made of enameled cast iron with smell trap complete with all the accessories.
Diameter 50 mm
insulation, safety and non-return valves, complete with all the accessories capacity 80 litters
for the kitchen.
Down pipes shall be of PVC size 160mm diameter secured to wall with metal straps and
given two coats of plastic paint as per the architect decision.
Gutter shall be G - 28 galvanized flat metal sheets, development length 500 mm spliced at
joints and welded and given two coats of rust resisting paint plus 2 coats paint as per the
architect decision. A slope of 0.5% towards down pipes should be provided.
Supply and fix stainless steel sink with double bowl with brass chrome plated trap, complete
with plug, chain holder, drainpipe, mixing faucet and other accessories.
Out side the service quarter to be fixed prefabricated laundry basin of grainy, complete with
smell trap, water top and other accessories.

External Sanitary Works
1) External Water supply Works
External sanitary work includes installation of 2.5m3 capacity water tank made of 3 mm thick
galvanized flat metal sheet complete with structural stiffeners (bracing's), inlet pipe, outlet pipe,
vent pipe, overflow pipe, drain pipe, iron posts or equivalent support and necessary accessories.
Size 1580x1580x1000mm
Installation of galvanized steel pipes for cold-water distribution from the main inlet to the water tank
and from the water tank to all sanitary fixtures according to the design accessories such as bends
union etc.
a) Diameter 1''
b) Diameter ''
c) Diameter ''
Fixing of gate valves of approved standards for every sanitary fixture complete with unions, elastic
water proofing and hand wheel of normal quality diameter '' and install 20mm water meter of
approved standard on the water supply main according to the drawing shown complete with the
necessary fittings.
2) External sewerage & drainage works
Construction of cement sewerage pipes according to the drawing with slope as indicated on a firm
bed of sand 100 mm thick below. The joints shall be made tight cement mortar 1:2 (cement sand).
a) Diameter 200mm
b) Diameter150mm
c) Diameter 110mm
d) Diameter 50mm
Oil separators
To construct oil separator from diameter 1000 mm prefabricated concrete pipe on a mass concrete
base along sanitary swage lines with necessary accessories. Diameter 50 mm PVC pipes for
outlet, inlet and 4 mm thick sheet metal cover at the top. All other dimensions should be as per the
drawing.
To construct rectangular manholes out brick walls on 150 mm thick R.C. base and 80 mm thick
R.C. slab cover with handle. Size 600 x 600 mm, average depth 700 mm.
The construction of circular manhole from diameter 1.0m prefabricated concrete pipe on a mass
concrete base along sanitary swage lines with necessary accessories. Diameter 50mmPVC pipes
for outlet and inlet all other dimensions should be as per the drawing.
To construct trapezoidal open channel ditches as per drawing with rough dressed hard stone,
joints filled with concrete mix and surface pointed with cement and sand mortar mix (1:4), linear
stone thickness 20cm and execution of 30cm half pipe concrete ditch as per the drawing, for the
drainage of storm water.

3) Septic tank
Construct 10cu.m septic tank according to the structural drawing and specifications given
below.
Excavation pits as per the design drawing to the required depth then to compact with selected
borrowed material up to the required level and backfilling around retaining wall and on top of
roof slab to a depth of 50cm with good material outside the site and well compacted in layers
not exceeding 25 cm. thick.
Cart away surplus excavated material to a distance not exceeding 1.5 km from the site
(bulkage 25%).
4) Concrete Work
The contractor has to use good quality formworks in all reinforced concrete or mass concrete
structures.
5) Stone Masonry
Trachaytic or equivalent stone masonry retaining wall bedded in cement sand mortar 1:3
internal parts left for plastering. As per approved design.
6) Block Works
15 cm thick hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement sand mortar 1:3 both sides left for
plastering and cavities filled with mortar.
7) Plastering
To apply three coats of plaster in cement sand mortar to both sides of hollow concrete block
wall surface and to internal stonewall surfaces (optional)
8) Pipe Works
Supply and install PVC pipe 'T' piece and elbow piece of any size.

Site Works
Earth works
Bulk excavation to reduce the ground to the required level. Cut and fill the ground to the required
level by selected material brought from out side and well compacted by 20 cm thick layer.
Excavation for retaining wall foundation up to 1.5m depth.
Property Fence and gate work
Property fence from impregnated eucalyptus posts diameter 12 cm .The fence post shall be
embedded 50 cm deep in mass concrete footing in concrete class C-20 with minimum cement
content 320 kg/m3. Height of fence 2.50 m above ground level and distance of posts is 2.00m.
Fencing with galvanized barbed wire ten lines horizontally and two lines diagonally price includes
excavation, cart away, concrete footing and all other necessary works for the fence. Main gate
made out of 50x50x2mm RHS welded with grill of 30x30x1.5mm RHS joined with circular posts of
hollow section 164-diameter 3.5mm thickness and shall include all the assistance to fix the gate
and joineries needed.
Masonry works
Construct traychatic or equivalent stone masonry retaining wall bedded in cement sand mortar mix
ratio 1:3 to support the embankments and the cut ground. Construct a weep hole at every 10-ml.
and expansion joints at every 25 ml.
A. 1. Access Roads
A.1.1) Excavation and Earth Work
Bulk excavation for average depth of 600mm, Remove and spread surplus excavated
material to a distance not less than 2 km away from the site.
A.1.2) Construction of sub base course
Before spreading the sub base course material the natural ground shall be rolled by 10 -16
ton rollers to the satisfaction of the engineer.
The sub base course shall consist of selected material from quarry waste maximum size 37
mm with fine particles 5-10% by weight well compacted by sprinkling water until the surface
is leveled and smoothed. Rolling shall be with 10-16 ton roller to a minimum finished
thickness of 400 mm. Any irregularities or depressions that develop shall be corrected
according to elevation plan.
A.1.3) Construction of bases course
The base course consists of crushed aggregate 80/120 mm well compacted and rolled with
10 - 16 ton roller to a finished thickness of 150 mm.
A.1.4) Construction of surface course
The surface course consists of 70 mm thick wearing course size 20mm gravel (3/4") on the
compacted base course and well compacted with 10-16 ton roller. The final level shall be

topped with some 50 kg/sq.m of fine particles from quarry waste 0/12 as a building material
and thoroughly rolled with sprinkling of water until fully consolidated smoothed and leveled.
A.1.5) Construction of Curb Stone
The concrete curb stone shall be constructed out of Concrete class C-20 reinforced with
chicken mesh wire with cement content of 320kg/ m3 (size 120x 500 mm)

Guard House Super structure
A) Sub Structure
1) Excavation
2) Concrete work
3) Masonry Work
The contractor has to utilize traychatic or equivalent stone for masonry foundation and retaining

B) SUPPER STRUCTURE
1) Concrete Work
The guard house roof will be slab and all construction work to be performed as per the
approved Architectural and structural design.
2) Block work
3) Roofing
Brush and blow out dirt, dust, laitance, scrapings and all other loose material until the
reinforced concrete slabs fully exposed. Place a lightweight concrete attaining 2% slope with
an average depth of 50mm the lightweight concrete should be allowed to cure thoroughly to
attain maximum shrinkage any crack which appears due to shrinkage or settlement should be
made good.
Apply 3cm thick cement and sand screed over light weight concrete in mix (1:3) keeping the
slope of lightweight concrete
a) Water proofing in flintkote
Brush all screed surfaces; remove all dirt, dust laitance etc. Supplies a prime coat of shell
flinkote type 3, 0.30 kg/m2 dilutes with allow drying.
Apply 12mm flinkote mastic with cement mortar flunkout sand mortar 1:2:3 by volume. This
mastic is prepared by mixing one volume of sand, adding a little water to dampen the mix,
then adding two volume mastic is thoroughly mixed together adding further water as
necessary, until it is a uniform brown color with out being too brown color with being to
"sloppy" allow to set dry.
Apply a prime coat of shell flinkote type 3, 0.30 kg/m2 diluted with equal volume of water
and allow drying.
Apply a heavy brush coat of shall flinkote type 3, 0.75 kg/m2 allow to dry. Apply a heavy
brush coat of flinkote type 3, 0.75 kg/m2 emulsion at right angles to the previous. And
immediately embed into this by well brushing in an open mesh woven glass fabric or mar-
glass 250 over-lapping all edges by at least 8cm during laying any wrinkles should be
smoothed out flat. Allow drying.
Apply a heavy brush coat of shell flinkote type 5, 0.75 one direction and allow to dry.

Apply a heavy brush coat of flunkout type 5, 0.75 kg/m2 emulsion laid on at right angles to
the previous coat and allow drying.
Heat insulation paint applied directly over the flinkote in a double coat. The paint shall be of
aluminum compound and shall resist temperature of 70oC care shall be taken in getting
100% cover of the insulation surface both coat shall be applied at 90o to each other. All are
done according to manufacturers specification.
Metal copping formed in G-28 galvanized steel metal sheet spliced at joints and welded all
as shown on drawing total development 300mm and development length of 430mm.
Supply and fix PVC down pipes of size 160 mm diameters and secured to wall with metal
straps.
4) Metal works
fixed.
shall be grilled.
5) Finishing
polishing and cleaning at the end of finished works. Three coats of plastering up to fine finish in
cement sand mortar ratio (1:3) for all rooms except toilet rooms and shower rooms. For toilet
and shower rooms the surface of block wall two coats of plastering in cement - sand mortar mix
ratio (1:3) to receive ceramic wall tile. The plastering work in toilet and shower rooms will be in
two types:
a) From the F.F level to + 1.50 m level will be two coats of plastering and then ceramic wall tile
as per Architectural Design.
For toilet and shower rooms provide 6 mm thick and 150 x 150 mm (white) ceramic glazed wall
tile applied to plastered walls on and including cement mortar backing and white cement
grouting.
and the work shall include 10cm thick red-ash bed. 350 x 40 mm-reinforced terrazzo windowsill
bedded in cement -sand mortar mix ratio (1:3) and provide water drop in all windowsills.

6) Glazing
7) Painting
8) Electrical Installation.
(Included in Compound lighting)
9) Guard House and Compound Lighting
A. Electrical Installation.
Sub-distribution board SDB-GH flush mounted with lockable door and complete with all
necessary accessories and consisting of:-
4 PCs ACB of 10A/1ph

1 PC ACB of 16A/1ph
1 PC ACB of 16A/3ph
The Light points are flush mounted fed through PVC insulated conductors of 2x2.5mm2
in thermoplastic conduit of 16 mm diameter for recessed installation including junction
boxes with covers insulating screw caps and all other necessary accessories.
B. Extra over light points for flush mounting switches
1. Two circuit switch

2. Tumbler switch in a box
Flush mounted socket outlet of 16A/1ph with earthing contact fed through PVC insulated
conductors of 3 x2.5 mm2 in thermoplastic conduit of 16 mm diameter including junction
boxes with covers, insulating caps etc.
Telephone point (only conduit of 19 mm diameter including junction boxes with covers etc.)
Single arm post type out door lighting pole with compound light fittings fed through
2x2.5mm2 cable in PVC conduit of 50mm diameter with all necessary accessories including
construction of manholes of 40 x 40 x 30 cm with covers for all out door light fittings. The
dimension is specified on the drawing.
Construction of cable connection manholes with covers of 50 x 50 x 30 cm.
Light Fittings and Lamps
a) Incandescent fitting type RZB-25 116.002 or equivalent with 1x60w GLS lamp.
b) Compound lighting type Philips KGS 203/55/84 or equivalent with QL55 w lamp.
Conduits

Cement pipe of 100mm diameter price including excavation, laying and back fill.
PVC conduit of 50 mm diameter


Part F
Materials and Workmanship
PART F MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP
1) Materials
1.1) Standards
Reference is made throughout Section 4 to British Standards; the Contractor may propose
other National Standards for the Engineer's approval. Notwithstanding any statements in
the following, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, all design, materials and
workmanship throughout the works shall comply with the current editions of all appropriate
British Standards and Codes of Practice.
1.2) General
All material to be incorporated in the Works shall be new and to the approval of the
Engineer and shall conform to the relevant Standards.
Where any component to be used in the works is to be manufactured off site, the
Contractor shall, in good time prior to the start of manufacture, advice the Engineer in
writing of the location and programme for manufacture so that the Engineer may inspect the
component during manufacture as well as on completion.
The Contractor shall provide, erect and maintain proper storage facilities for the protection
of materials and components, which may be fabricated at, or brought onto the site.
All proprietary materials shall be used in strict accordance with the relevant manufacturer's
instructions and / or recommendations.
1.3) Inspection and Testing
The whole of the materials used in the Works shall be subject to such inspection and tests
as the Engineer may direct from time to time.
As soon as practicable after the Contract has been awarded, the Contractor shall submit to
the Engineer, a list of the suppliers from whom he proposes to purchase the materials
necessary for the execution of the Works. Each supplier must be willing to admit the
Engineer to his premises during ordinary working hours for the purpose of obtaining
samples of the materials in question.
Alternatively, if required by the Engineer, the Contractor shall deliver the samples of the
materials to the Engineer's Office.
Materials subsequently supplied shall conform within any specified tolerances to the quality
of samples, which have been approved.
The information regarding the names of suppliers may be amended at different times, as
may be appropriate, but no source of supply shall be changed without the Engineer's prior
approval.
1.4) Quarries
Aggregates or fill material shall only come from quarries or borrow pits approved by the
Engineer.
Quarried rock must be dense and sound and must only be taken from areas approved by
the Engineer. The quarrying must be done selectively with scalp from the primary crusher
rejected; the final aggregate must be washed and drained. Fine aggregate should
Civil works.docx Part - F Page - 38

wherever possible, come from crushed rock as opposed to natural sources.
Once washed, aggregate must be protected from any further contamination. Aggregates
on site must be stored in a bin or on an approved concrete hard standing. Bins shall be
fitted with sides to prevent inter-mixing of the different aggregates and shall be provided
with a solid concrete floor at least 150 mm thick.
1.5) Materials Testing Laboratory
The Contractor shall make provision by the use of an approved, independent materials test
laboratory, for the carrying out of all specified tests, and any other tests deemed necessary
by the Engineer.
The Contractor shall submit for approval full details of proposed independent test
laboratory.
1.6) Workmanship
Workmanship shall be in accordance with the BS 8000 series - Workmanship on Building

Sites and shall be to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer.
1.7) Skilled Workmen
The Contractor shall employ in the execution of the Works, workmen skilled in their
respective trades. The Engineer shall be at liberty to require removal from site, of any
person employed by the Contractor for the execution of the Works who is guilty of
misconduct or is, in the Engineer's opinion, incompetent or negligent in the performance of
his duties. Any person so removed, shall not be employed again on any portion of these
works.
2) Demolition
2.1) Method of Demolition
Any demolition shall be carried out in a safe manner according to a method statement,
submitted to and agreed by the Engineer in writing, prior to the commencement of the
demolition works.
The use of explosives will not be allowed.
2.2) Materials
Materials from demolition works should be removed as quickly as possible to an approved

tip, and shall not be stored, disposed of, or used again on the site, except with the approval
of the Engineer.
2.3) Regulations
All demolition work carried out, and equipment / plant used for demolition, shall comply with
all appropriate regulations.
2.4) Supervision
The Contractor shall appoint a competent person, experienced in demolition work, to

supervise and control the work at any site where demolition is required and to ensure that
all appropriate safety precautions are taken.

2.5) Make Good Damage
The Contractor shall be fully responsible for repairing and making good any damage
caused by him whilst carrying out demolition work.
3) Earthworks
3.1) Site Clearance
The Contractor shall clear all areas of the Site over which the Works are to be constructed.
He shall remove all debris to sites approved by the Engineer and no debris shall be
deposited except on such sites.
3.2) Surface Levels
Before any work on any section of the Works is commenced, levels of the ground surface
shall be taken and recorded on a drawing which shall be provided to the Engineer.
3.3) Unsuitable Material
Where in the opinion of the Engineer existing material to be retained by or to support new
works is unsuitable, the Contractor shall remove such unsuitable material and replace it
with filling approved by the Engineer.
3.4) Excavations
The Contractor shall carry out all excavations required for the permanent works in whatever
material may be met.
In the vicinity of existing or newly installed services, hand excavation shall be employed.
Where excavation is in unsupported open cut, the Contractor shall ensure that the side
slopes are stable.
Where necessary, the sides of excavation trenches shall be made secure by means of
adequate supports, timbering, close sheeting, sheet piling etc.
Where excavation is to be carried out adjacent to and lower than existing structures, the
Contractor shall submit his proposals for supporting the existing works for the Engineer's
approval before any work is commenced.
Excavated surfaces shall be kept dry and clean. No concrete, masonry, brickwork or other
materials shall be placed until the surfaces are properly drained. If water is removed by
pumping, it shall be done so that the material in or around the excavations will not be
disturbed by the pumping.
The Contractor shall submit his proposals for disposing of water arising from de-watering
excavations, for the Engineers approval.
The Contractor shall comply with all instructions of the Engineer regarding excavation,
pumping and support methods, but such compliance shall not relieve him of any of his
responsibilities under the Contract for the safety of the Works and to personnel.
3.5) Approval of Excavation
The Contractor shall provide the Engineer or his representative with adequate notice of the
completion of excavations in order that formation levels may be inspected prior to being

covered by other works.
3.6) Excavation beyond True Line and Level
If from any cause whatsoever, excavations are carried out beyond their true line and level,
the Contractor shall at his own cost make good to the required line and level with concrete
or other approved material and in such a manner as the Engineer may direct.
3.7) Disposal of Spoil
The Contractor shall remove spoil from excavations and shall place it at a dumping point
approved by the Engineer. Such points may be in embankments, in temporary dumps, or
in permanent spoil tips according to the quality of the spoil, the need of it for filling or other
circumstances as directed by the Engineer.
3.8) Filling
All filling in embankments, refilling of trenches and other earthworks shall be with materials
approved by the Engineer. Unless otherwise specified, the materials shall be placed in
layers not exceeding 200 mm thick, thoroughly compacted to the satisfaction of the
Engineer and trimmed to the levels and slopes required.
The compaction of this fill shall not be less than 95% of the maximum dry density. Water
containing a high chloride and / or sulphate content shall not be used for compaction of fill
material adjacent to concrete.
The Contractor shall, before commencing any bulk filling, survey the whole of the area to be
filled and shall prepare plans and sections to indicate his proposals and shall submit them
to the Engineer for his approval.
The Contractor shall take particular care in placing and compacting filling around pipes,
cables, structures and the like, and shall take such steps as may be necessary to prevent
damage thereto.
The Contractor shall make good at his own expense, any damage or defects to the Works
caused by settlements, slips or falls to any excavations or embankments.
3.9) Blasting
If blasting is permitted, it shall be carried out strictly in accordance with arrangements

previously approved in writing by the Engineer. Such approval will only be given following
presentation to the Engineer of documents giving the written permission of the police or
other authority concerned for the use of explosives.
Blasting will not be permitted in close proximity to existing foundations, plant or equipment.
The use and storage of all explosives in magazines shall be subject to the approval of the
police or other authority concerned and the Engineer.
The Contractor shall arrange, at his own expense, for the provision as directed, of safety
men for the protection of the public and others during blasting.
3.10) Subsoil Improvement
If ground conditions require improvement of the sub-soil at either site, the Contractor shall
put forward his detailed proposals for the approval of the Engineer. These shall include the
proposed method of improvement and the proposed programme of testing before, during
and after sub-soil improvement has taken place. The proposal shall also indicate the
degree of improvement expected.
4) Piling
4.1) General
Should piling be considered to be necessary at either site, the Contractor shall conform to
the following:
a) Piling Design, Equipment and Workmanship
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for his approval, full details of the type of
pile he proposes to use with all relevant dimensions, lengths, design and ultimate loads
and method of construction, together with full details of the piling equipment and the
method of carrying out the work which he intends to use.
b) Ground Conditions
The Contractor shall base the design of piles and the selection of pile type on the
results of the sub-soil investigations and has to take account of the chemical nature of
ground and ground water.
The Contractor shall report immediately to the Engineer any circumstances, which
indicate that, in the Contractor's opinion, the ground conditions differ from those
expected by him from his interpretation of the geo-technical investigation.
c) Piling Near Recently Cast Piles
Casings shall not be driven or piles formed so close to other piles, which have recently
been cast, and which contain workable or unset concrete such that a flow of concrete
could be induced from or damage caused to any of the piles.
Due account shall be taken of any previously installed pile group or building/ services
when designing or installing piles.
4.2) Driven Piles
Each pile shall be driven continuously until the specified or approved set and / or depth has
been reached.
The Contractor shall inform the Engineer without delay if any unexpected change in driving
characteristics is noted. Detailed records of the driving resistance over the full length of
each pile shall be taken and submitted to the Engineer within 24 hours of completion.
At the start of work in each new area or section, sets shall be taken at intervals during the
last 3 m of the driving, to establish the behaviour of the piles.
The Contractor shall give adequate notice and provide all facilities to enable the Engineer
to check driving resistance. Sets shall be taken only in the presence of the Engineer unless
he agrees otherwise. Re-drive checks, if required, shall be carried out to an approved
procedure.
Final Set
The final set of each pile shall be recorded either as the penetration in millimetres per 10
blows or as the number of blows required to produce a penetration of 25 mm.
When a final set is being measured, the following requirements shall be met:-

a) The exposed part of the pile shall be in good condition without damage or distortion.
b) The dolly and packing, if any, shall be in sound condition.
c) The hammer blow shall be in line with the pile axis and the impact surfaces shall be flat
and at right angles to the pile and hammer axis.
d) The hammer shall be in good condition and operating correctly.
e) The temporary compression of the pile shall be recorded if required.
f) Where a vibratory method of driving is proposed, the Contractor shall obtain the
approval of the Engineer for his method of deciding the final penetration of the pile.
Driving Sequence and Risen Piles
Piles shall be driven in an approved sequence to minimise the detrimental effects of heave
and lateral displacement of the ground.
When a pile has risen as a result of adjacent piles being driven, the Contractor shall submit
to the Engineer his proposals for correcting this and the avoidance of it in subsequent
work.
Repair of damaged pile heads shall be in accordance with any recommendations of the
pile manufacturer and to the Engineer's approval. The structural continuity of the pile must
be preserved.
4.3) Bored Cast-in-Place Piles
When required by the Engineer, the Contractor shall take from the pile excavation
undisturbed soil samples. Such samples shall be tested in an approved laboratory.
The Contractor shall so programme the work that placing of concrete in the pile shaft shall
proceed without delay immediately after the excavation has been approved by the
Engineer.
The Contractor shall make allowance where necessary, for sleeving cast-in-place piles as
protection from chemically aggressive ground conditions. It must be demonstrated by the
Contractor that where such sleeves are used, there is no adverse effect on bearing
capacity or settlement.
Inspection
Prior to placing concrete the casing shall be undamaged, and free from water or other foreign
matter.
Placing Concrete
The method of placing and workability of the concrete shall be such that a continuous
monolithic concrete shaft of the full cross-section is formed.
Compaction
Internal vibrators shall not be used to compact concrete unless the Contractor is satisfied
that they will not cause segregation or arching of the concrete and unless their use has been
approved by the Engineer.
Placing Concrete in Dry Borings

Measures shall be taken to avoid segregation and bleeding and to ensure that the concrete
at the bottom of the pile is not deficient in grout; such measures are to be approved by the
Engineer.
Concrete Level
When the casing is being extracted, a sufficient quantity of concrete shall be maintained
within it to ensure that pressure from external water or soil is exceeded and that the pile is
neither reduced in section nor contaminated.
4.4) Safety
The Contractor shall be entirely responsible for the safety of the Works and personnel
during piling works.
4.5) Records
During piling operations, the Contractor, shall submit to the Engineer a written record of the
strata encountered in respect of each pile and the depth at which each pile is founded.
4.6) Preliminary Test Piles
A preliminary test pile shall be provided clear of the Works and shall be loaded to failure or
three times the working load.
The Contractor shall ensure that adequate supervision and labour is available for the test to
be carried out on a continuous basis including night work where necessary.
4.7) Test Loading of Working Piles
The Engineer may select 2 working piles for testing as the work proceeds. The Contractor
shall arrange his programme to accommodate these tests. In no case will this selection be
made later than seven days after the completion of the pile.
Each pile that is selected for testing will be loaded to 1 times the working load calculated
on the basis of a working concrete compressive stress of 5.25 N/mm.
4.8) Loading Procedure
The load shall be applied in increments of 25% of the working load up to working load and
then by increments of 12% of the working load up to the full test load.
4.9) Measurement of Load
The load shall be applied to test piles through a calibrated load cell or proving ring capable
of reading to an accuracy of 0.5 tonnes.
4.10) Measurement of Settlement
Settlement shall be measured using a reference beam and 2 No. dial gauges reading to an
accuracy of not less than 0.025 mm. The use of reference wires shall not be permitted.
4.11) Test Records
In addition to the records of boring required under Clause 4.4.5 of this Specification, the
Contractor shall be responsible for compiling full pile test records including graphical
records for submission to the Engineer within 7 days of completion of each test.

4.12) Integrity testing of cast-in-place piles
Pile integrity tests using the acoustic wave method shall be undertaken by a specialist sub-
contractor appointed by the Contractor, but subject to the agreement of the Engineer, on all
piles. The costs of this testing shall be deemed to be inclusive within the overall Contract
Price. The actual method of performing the test and interpreting the results shall be subject
to the Engineer's approval.
5) Concrete
5.1) Cement
The cement used throughout the Works shall be obtained from manufacturers approved in
writing by the Engineer and shall as appropriate, conform to BS 12 for Ordinary Portland
Cement and with BS 4027 for Sulphate Resisting Cement.
High Alumina Cement shall not be used in any part of the Works.
5.2) Admixtures to Concrete
The use of non-corrosive admixtures, complying with BS 5075, may be approved by the
Engineer according to circumstances.
Calcium chloride will not be permitted in the mix under any circumstances. Retarders and
workability agents based on lignosulphates may be permitted subject to the Engineer's
approval.
5.3) Cement Testing
The Engineer may require representative samples of the proposed cement to be taken and
forwarded to a nominated laboratory for analysis and testing before the source is approved.
Having obtained the Engineer's approval of the source of supply, transport, storage and
certification of the cement the Contractor shall not modify or change the agreed
arrangements without first having obtained the Engineer's permission.
No cement shall be used until it has been passed as satisfactory by the Engineer.
5.4) Storage of Cement at Site
The cement shall be delivered to the Site of the Works in sound and properly sealed bags
and while being loaded or unloaded and during transit to the concrete mixers, whether
conveyed in vehicles or by mechanical means, must be protected from the weather by
effective coverings. Efficient screens are to be supplied and erected where directed by the
Engineer to prevent wastage of cement during strong winds.
The Contractor shall provide perfectly waterproof and well-ventilated sheds having a floor of
wood or concrete raised at least 150 mm above the ground. The sheds shall be large
enough to store sufficient cement to ensure continuity of work and each consignment of
each type of cement shall be stacked separately therein to permit of easy access for
inspection, testing and approval. On delivery at the Works the cement shall at once be
placed in these sheds and shall be used in the order in which it has been delivered.
All cement shall be used within three months of the date of manufacture.

5.5) Aggregate
The Contractor shall obtain approval of proposed aggregate sources, and shall select
suitable aggregate and samples of sand and stone for specified testing before obtaining
aggregate. Laboratory tests shall be made at regular intervals to confirm the suitability of
aggregate.
5.6) Quality and Testing
Aggregate shall be free from earth, clay, loam and soft clayey, shale or decomposed stone,
organic matter and other impurities and shall be hard and dense. Aggregate to be used in
the construction shall conform in all respects with BS 882 or equivalent EURO Code.
5.7) Fine Aggregate
Fine aggregate shall be graded so that when mixed with the coarse aggregate and cement
a concrete of maximum density is produced. It shall not contain appreciable amounts of
flaky or elongated particles.
Crushed sand may be added to natural sand in approved proportions in order to achieve
the required grading. Crushed sand alone shall not be used without approval.
Sand for mortar shall comply with BS 1199 & 1200 or equivalent EURO Code.
5.8) Coarse Aggregate
Coarse aggregate shall be totally retained on a 5.00 mm sieve. The grading shall be such
that when mixed with the approved fine aggregate and cement a workable concrete of
maximum density is produced. The densities of the classes of concrete shall be as
approved after tests have been carried out on the Site.
The amount of material passing a 75-micron fine test sieve when tested in accordance with
the wet-sieving method shall not exceed 1% by mass.
Coarse aggregate shall be tested for drying shrinkage characteristics.
The flakiness and elongation indices of the predominant size fractions in each single-sized
coarse aggregate shall not exceed 20% and 35% by mass respectively.
5.9) Potential Alkali Reactivity
Aggregate shall not contain any materials that are reactive with alkalis in the aggregate
itself or in the cement, the mixing water or in water in contact with the finished concrete or
mortar in amounts sufficient to cause excessive localised or general expansion of the
concrete or mortar.
5.10) Sulphate and Chloride Content of Aggregate
The acid-soluble sulphate (SO3) level shall not exceed 0.4% by mass.
The acid-soluble chloride as NaCl (Cl x 1.65 = NaCl) level in aggregate as a percentage by
mass shall not exceed the limits given on the following table:

Concrete Type Coarse Aggregate Fine Aggregate

Mass with OPC or 0.10% 0.10%
Reinforced with OPC or 0.05% 0.10%
Mass with SRPC 0.05% 0.05%
Reinforced with SRPC 0.02% 0.05%
These limits shall be subject to the overall limit given elsewhere for the concrete as mixed.
5.11) Aggregate Storage
Aggregate shall be stored in concrete-based bins or on stages to prevent intermixing and

the inclusion of dirt and foreign materials. Each size of aggregate shall be stored
separately.
Storage bins shall be emptied and cleaned regularly.
5.12) Water
The Contractor shall make his own arrangements and obtain approval for the provision of
fresh water for the manufacture and curing of concrete.
Water to be used for mixing and curing concrete and mortar shall be fresh and free from
sediment and dissolved or suspended matter which may be harmful. Water samples from
the intended source of supply shall be taken for analysis before any concrete work is
commenced, and at intervals throughout the duration of the Contract. If the samples are
unacceptable, the Contractor shall either change to a new supply or take steps to improve
the existing source, as approved.
The acid-soluble sulphate (SO3) content shall not exceed 500 mg/l, and the acid-soluble
chloride as NaCl (Cl x 1.65 = NaCl) content shall not exceed 600 mg/l. Tests to establish
the contents shall be carried out at monthly intervals.
These limits shall be subject to the overall limit given for the concrete as mixed.
The Contractor shall state the sources from which he proposes to obtain water and submit
evidence to show that an adequate supply is assured.
5.13) Steel for Reinforced Concrete
Steel reinforcement, for use in reinforced concrete shall comply with BS 4449, BS 4482 or
BS 4483 as appropriate.
The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with copies of manufacturer's test certificates for
steel reinforcement used in the works. The Engineer may, however, order independent
tests to be made at the Contractor's expense. Any steel which does not comply with the
appropriate foregoing specifications will be rejected.
Bends and cranks in reinforcement bars shall be carefully formed in accordance with the
approved drawings and appropriate standards.
The number, size, form and position of all steel reinforcing bars, ties, links, stirrups and
other parts of the reinforcement shall be in exact accordance with the approved drawings.
Reinforcement shall be kept in the correct position and with the required cover, during the
process of placing and compacting the concrete.
The Contractor shall provide all necessary distance pieces and concrete or plastic spacer
bars to maintain the reinforcement in the correct position. The type of spacers and distance

pieces shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.
Any ties, links or stirrups connecting main bars shall be taut so that the bars are properly
braced and the inside of hooks and bends shall be in contact with the bars around which
they are intended to fit.
All reinforcement shall be cleaned to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
Partially set concrete, which may adhere to the exposed bars during concreting operations,
shall be removed.
The Contractor shall provide for the approval of the Engineer, working drawings of all
reinforcement accompanied by bending schedules and copies of all orders placed for bars.
Reinforcement temporarily left projecting from the concrete at construction or other joints
shall not be bent out of position during the period in which concreting is suspended, except
with the approval of the Engineer.
5.14) Earthing
For earthing requirements, refer to the Electrical section of the specification and co-ordinate
civil works with earthing installation by the electrical contractor.
5.15) Concrete Cover to Reinforcement
(a) The minimum concrete cover for durability to any reinforcing bar shall be as follows:
Concrete above Ground
Internal faces of suspended slabs and beams 30 mm
Exposed faces of slabs, beams, walls and columns 40 mm
Internal faces of columns and walls 40 mm
Concrete below Ground
Faces in contact with soil or blinding concrete 75 mm
Pump and valve chambers 75 mm
For other locations the cover shall be approved by the Engineer.
5.16) Storage of Reinforcement
Steel reinforcement shall be stored in an approved manner above ground, on a concrete

slab, under cover and racked as necessary for protection from aggressive elements.
5.17) Water-stops
Water-stops where required, shall be manufactured from moulded natural or synthetic

rubber, neoprene or PVC and shall be of a type and quality approved by the Engineer.
Where used in works liable to contamination or containing oil, the water-stops shall be oil
resistant.
5.18) Expansion and Contraction Joints
Expansion or contraction joints shall be provided where necessary to allow for movement

and to minimize shrinkage and thermal stresses in concrete members.
The number and location of all permanent joints is to be shown on the working drawings.
Contraction joints shall be formed as deliberate planes of discontinuity in the concrete

structure. To form such a joint, the face of the first formed member shall be painted with
two coats of approved rubber bitumen paint before the adjoining member is concreted. The
exposed edges of joints shall be sealed with an approved polysulphide rubber sealing
compound.
Expansion joints shall be formed in the same way as contraction joints but in addition a
resilient flexible non-decaying fibrous material impregnated against attack from insects and
water shall be supplied and placed in the joint to provide freedom for two adjacent concrete
members to expand. Exposed edges of joints shall be sealed with an approved
polysulphide rubber sealing compound.
Joint formers shall be of the required thickness within a tolerance of + 1.5 mm. They shall
be 25 mm less in depth than the thickness of the slab within a tolerance of + 3 mm and in
lengths not less than 1.2 m. Holes in the joint formers to accommodate dowel bars, shall
be accurately bored or punched out to be a sliding fit.
Dowel bars for expansion joints in concrete shall be mild steel and a minimum of 500 mm
long.
Dowel bars shall be straight, free from burred edges or other irregularities. Half of the
dowel bar shall be cast into one section leaving the remaining half projecting. The
projecting half of each dowel bar shall be greased and provided with a close fitting plastic
tube at least 25 mm longer than the projecting bar. The end 20 mm shall be filled with a
disc of joint filler or a pad of cotton waste.
5.19) Concrete Mix Design
The mix shall consist of cement, graded fine and coarse aggregates and water
proportioned to provide strengths as required for its various uses.
The Contractor shall submit for the Engineer's approval a schedule of classes of concrete,
giving their uses, type of cement, maximum aggregate size, minimum cement content and
7 and 28 day works cube strengths. This shall be submitted before, or at the time of the
presentation of design calculations.
The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that, at all times during the Contract, the
quantity and quality of the constituents and method of placing of the concrete are as
approved by the Engineer.
5.20) Control of Chlorides and Sulphates
The total chloride content of the concrete mix arising from the aggregate together with that
from any admixtures and any other source shall not in any circumstance exceed 0.35
expressed as a percentage relationship between chloride ion and weight of cement in a
mix.
The total estimated sulphate content (SO3) of the mix including that present in the cement
shall not exceed 3.7% by mass of cement in the mix.
In addition, regular tests shall be made on the hardened concrete to determine the total
sulphate content, which shall not exceed 4% by mass of cement in the mix.
The permissible level of chlorides and sulphates quoted in the above clauses shall not be

considered as mean values for the whole of the Works, but shall apply to any individual
concrete batch.
5.21) Trial Mixes
Trial mixes using representative materials shall be carried out under full scale conditions
using the Contractor's proposed method.
The trial mix will be subject to approval by the Engineer.
5.22) Test Cubes
Test cubes shall be made, cured, stored, transported and tested in compression to the
approval of the Engineer.
Should the cube tests indicate that concrete used in the works is below the strength
specified, the Engineer will consider whether or not the concrete in the work represented by
cubes can be accepted. He may order that any or all of the following actions to be taken:-
(a) Drilling of test cylinders in concrete and compression testing the cylinders
to destruction.
(b) Carrying out of load tests or other non-destructive tests.
(c) Cutting out and replacement of such volumes as he considers to be

defective.
The entire costs involved in the tests and in the remedial action shall be borne by the
Contractor.
5.23) Water/Cement Ratio
A simple and convenient system of accurately varying the water supply to the concrete
mixers shall be installed with gauges marked so that the amount fed into the mixer may
easily be ascertained.
The water / cement ratio for the various classes of concrete shall be determined by trial
mixes. In no case, shall the water / cement ratios used in the Works, be allowed to exceed
by more than 5 percent, those proposed in the concrete mix design and confirmed as
acceptable by the trial mixes.
Efficient means shall be provided for determining the moisture content of the sand and
coarse aggregate at all times.
The Contractor shall be required to have an accurate knowledge of the moisture content of
all sand and coarse aggregates as they reach the mixer and he shall make such
adjustments to the mix as are necessitated by change in the moisture content of the
aggregates.
5.24) Workability
The Contractor shall carry out compaction factor, slump or other workability tests as
required during concreting of Permanent Works in order to relate the degree of workability
of the mix with the numerical value obtained during the trial mixes.
5.25) Compaction and Slump Tests
Compaction factor tests shall be carried out. Slump tests in lieu of compaction factor tests

shall only be adopted where specifically approved by the Engineer.
5.26) Mixing Concrete by Machine
The concrete is to be mixed in batches in machines which ensure that all the concreting
materials including the water are thoroughly mixed together between the time of their
deposition in the mixer and before any portion of the mixture is discharged. The machines
must be capable of discharging their content while running.
5.27) Ready-Mixed Concrete
Ready-mixed concrete shall comply with the requirements specified herein and those of BS
5328 or equivalent EURO Code.
The Contractor shall obtain the Engineers approval of the source and mix of all ready mixed
concrete. The Contractor shall ensure that adequate stand by facilities are available during
the placing of all large concrete pours.
The Contractor shall provide details of any ready mixed concrete used in the Works, which
shall include the following, in addition to that indicated in BS 5328:
(a) The type and nominal maximum size of aggregate
(b) The type of any admixture used
(c) The position of the concrete in the works.
Records of all deliveries shall be kept at the Site and shall be made available for inspection
by the Engineer.
5.28) Transfer of Concrete
The concrete shall be discharged from the mixers and transported to the Works by means
which shall be approved by the Engineer and which shall prevent contamination (by dust,
rain or other causes), segregation or loss of ingredients. The means of transportation shall
ensure that the concrete is of the required workability at the point and time of placing.
5.29) Placing of Concrete
The concrete shall be placed in the positions and sequence previously approved by the
Engineer.
Except where otherwise directed, concrete shall not be placed unless the Engineer or his
representative is present and has previously examined and approved in writing the
positioning, fixing and condition of reinforcement and any other items to be embedded, and
the cleanliness, alignment and suitability of the containing surfaces or formwork.
The concrete shall be deposited as nearly as possible in its final position without re
handling or segregation and in such a manner as to avoid displacement of the
reinforcement, other embedded items or formwork. Wherever possible bottom opening
skips shall be used. Concrete shall not be dropped through a height greater than 2.0 m
unless approved by the Engineer, who may order the use of bankers and the turning over
of the deposited concrete by hand, before being placed.
Concrete shall not be placed in standing water or running water unless so specified or
approved.
The Contractor may at his own option and expense and with the prior approval of the

Engineer, place concrete by pumping. Concrete pumps shall be operated by mechanically

applied pressure and shall produce a continuous stream of concrete without air pockets.
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer full details of the design of the concrete mix to
be used for pumping.
5.30) Temperature Records
The Contractor shall supply suitable maximum / minimum thermometers and record the
temperatures of the ambient shade adjacent to all parts of the Works where concrete is
being placed.
5.31) No Partially Set Material to be used
All concrete and mortar must be placed and compacted within 30 minutes of its being
mixed unless otherwise approved; no partially set material shall be used in the Works.
5.32) Compaction of Concrete
Whilst concrete is being placed in position, it shall be compacted by the use of internal
vibrators in such a manner as to produce a dense uniform mass.
Special care shall be exercised to ensure that each layer of fresh concrete is properly
incorporated with the previous layer and that the concrete between and around the
reinforcement and adjacent to the forms is free from voids and other imperfections.
During the placing of concrete for reinforced work, a competent steel fixer shall be in
constant attendance, to adjust and correct the position of the reinforcement if necessary.
Vibration is not to be applied directly, or through the reinforcement, to sections or masses

of concrete which have hardened or in which the initial set has taken place.
Vibration of the formwork shall not be permitted.
5.33) Concreting in Adverse Weather Conditions
No concreting will be allowed to take place in the open during storms or heavy rains. In
places where such conditions are likely to occur the Contractor shall arrange for adequate
protection of the materials, plant and formwork so that work may proceed under proper
cover. Where strong winds are likely to be experienced additional precautions shall be
taken to ensure protection from driving rain and dust and the evaporation of water from the
concrete surface.
The Engineer may withhold approval of commencement of concreting until he is satisfied

that full and adequate arrangements have been made.
5.34) Concreting at Night or in the Dark
Where approval has been given to carry out concreting operations at night, or in places
where daylight is excluded, the Contractor shall provide adequate lighting at all points
where mixing, transportation and placing of concrete are in progress.
5.35) Concreting in High Ambient Temperature

The temperature of the concrete at the time of placing shall not exceed 32C. In hot
weather it will be necessary for the Contractor to take precautions, such as spraying coarse
aggregate with cold water, painting all plant and equipment white, shading of aggregate
stockpiles, water, machinery, protecting moulds and mixed concrete from the direct rays of
the sun, cooling of the mix constituents, machinery, reinforcement and moulds, and
restricting transportation time to a practical minimum.
The necessity for such precautions will be determined by the Engineer in relation to the
other factors affecting the heat of hydration, such as the characteristics of the mix
constituents, the nature of the particular pour and the method of curing to be adopted.
During placing suitable means shall be provided to prevent premature stiffening of the
concrete placed in the contact with hot surfaces. All concreting areas, formwork and
reinforcement shall be shielded from the direct rays of the sun, protected from drying winds,
and sprayed with clean water when necessary.
5.36) Curing and Protection
The Contractor's attention is drawn to the particular importance of proper and adequate
curing. Failure to carry out satisfactory curing can lead to cracking in the concrete. This in
turn can lead to salt attack of the reinforcement and consequential failure of the structure.
If cracks occur in a concrete structure, which, in the opinion of the Engineer, are severe
enough to affect the strength or long term durability of the structure, the Contractor shall cut
out and replace at his own cost, such areas of concrete as may be determined by the
Engineer
Immediately after compaction and for at least 7 days thereafter concrete shall be protected
against harmful effects of sunshine, drying winds, cold, rain or running water. During this
period, measures shall be taken to prevent the loss of moisture from the concrete and to
minimise thermal stresses caused by the difference in temperature between the surface of
the concrete and the core of the concrete mass. The measures taken shall be to the
Where water is to be used for curing concrete, it shall be fresh water of concreting quality in
accordance with this Specification.
Where curing membranes are used they shall be compatible with waterproofing or other
materials that may subsequently be applied to the surface of the concrete.
All concrete shall be protected from anything likely to interfere with the process of setting.
No load of any kind shall be imposed upon any concrete members until the concrete has
reached the specified 28 day strength.
Concrete liable to be affected by running water shall be adequately protected from damage
during the setting period. Temporary protective works shall be to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.
5.37) Construction Joints
Concreting shall be carried out continuously up to construction joints, the position and
arrangement of which, shall have been previously approved by the Engineer.
The Contractor shall allow for working beyond ordinary working hours where necessary in
order than each section of concrete may be completed without any lapse.
Construction joints shall be shuttered square to the work. Keyways shall be formed in all
horizontal and vertical construction joints unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.

When work is resumed on a surface, which has set, the whole surface shall be thoroughly
roughened or scrabbled with suitable tools so that no smooth skin of concrete is left from
the previous work. The roughened surface shall be thoroughly cleaned by compressed air,
water jets or other approved means and brushed and watered immediately before
depositing concrete.
5.38) Preparation of Surfaces to Receive Concrete
Reinforced concrete work on or in the ground, shall be constructed on a minimum of 75 mm

thickness of blinding concrete in order that the reinforcement can be properly spaced off of
a clean hard surface.
Immediately before depositing concrete on or against a surface of rock, masonry,

brickwork, old concrete or the like, all loose material shall be removed and the surface
washed down. Any seepage of water emerging at the surfaces shall be stopped as far as
possible or suitably channelled or piped away from the work.
5.39) Concrete Formwork
The Contractor shall, if so required, submit for the approval of the Engineer details of the
method and materials proposed for shuttering each section of the work. If the Engineer so
requires, samples of formwork shall be constructed and concrete placed so that the
proposed methods and finish effect can be demonstrated.
Forms shall be constructed from sound materials of sufficient strength, properly braced,
strutted and shored as to ensure rigidity throughout the placing and compaction of the
concrete without visible deflection.
Forms shall be so constructed that they can be removed without shock or vibration to the
concrete. Internal ties shall be of metal and capable of removal without permanent injury to
the concrete. No part of any metal tie or spacer remaining permanently embedded in the
concrete shall be nearer to the finished surface than the minimum cover specified for the
structure.
All joints shall be close fitting to prevent leakage of grout and at construction joints the
formwork shall be tightly secured against previously cast or hardened concrete to prevent
stepping or ridges to exposed surfaces.
Formwork shall be constructed to provide the correct shape, lines and dimensions of the
concrete within the tolerances specified hereafter. Due allowance shall be made for any
deflection which will occur during the placing of concrete within the forms.
Panels shall have true edges to permit accurate alignment and provide a neat line with
adjacent panels and construction joints. All panels shall be fixed with their joints either
vertical or horizontal, unless otherwise specified or approved. When chamfers are to be
formed the fillets shall be accurately cut to size to provide a smooth and continuous
chamfer.
The Contractor may be permitted to use pre-cast concrete blocks or masonry left
permanently embedded in the structure as a substitute for temporary formwork. Where
such construction is allowed, the blocks shall have positive anchorage within the structure.
Joints shall be made properly tight with mortar or other means to prevent leakage of grout
and shall provide an exposed face of the necessary quality. The blocks of concrete or
masonry shall stand outside the limits of concrete unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer.
5.40) Forms for Exposed Concrete Surfaces
Forms for all permanently visible concrete surfaces shall be such as to ensure that the

surface is within the tolerances hereinafter specified.
Where rough shuttering is specified, the use of tongued and grooved sawn timber boards
will be permitted provided the resulting surface presents a neat and even appearance. No
surface irregularities greater than 5 mm shall be allowed and, in the case of reinforced
concrete, the full cover to steel shall be maintained.
Where wrought shuttering is specified, the forms shall be such as to produce a smooth and
even surface free from perceptible irregularities. Tongued and grooved planed boards,
plywood or steel forms shall have their joints flush with the surface. The full cover to
reinforcement steel shall be maintained.
The Contractor shall make due allowance for the renewal and / or repair of shuttering for
which more than one use is intended.
Suitably sized chamfers shall be provided to all exposed areas unless otherwise agreed by
the Engineer.
5.41) Forms for Non-Exposed Concrete Surfaces
Where the finished surface of concrete is not to be permanently exposed, the forms may be
constructed of plain, butt jointed sawn timber unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. In
mass concrete, surface irregularities may be permitted but in reinforced concrete
construction the surface shall be true and the full cover to the reinforcement shall be
maintained at all points. The tolerances for the finished concrete dimensions shall not be
exceeded.
5.42) Preparation of Forms for Concreting
Before concrete is placed, the form shall be thoroughly cleaned and freed from sawdust,
shavings, dust or other debris by hosing with water, compressed air or other approved
means. Temporary openings shall be provided to assist in removal of the water and
rubbish.
After cleaning the forms shall be coated with approved shutter oil, which shall not be
allowed to run on to reinforcement or other embedded steelwork.
All formwork shall be inspected and approved by the Engineer before concrete is placed
within it. Such inspection shall not relieve the Contractor from his responsibility for meeting
the requirements regarding soundness, finish and tolerances of the concrete specified
elsewhere.
5.43) Concrete Tolerances
The lines grades and dimensions of the concrete shall conform to those detailed on the
approved drawings within the following tolerances:-
(a) Overall dimensions and levels:- 6 mm to + 6 mm
(b) Column sizes:- 0 mm to + 5 mm
(c) Beam sizes:- 0 mm to + 5 mm
(d) Slab thickness 0 mm to + 6 mm
(e) Wall thickness 0 mm to + 5 mm
(f) Foundations and R. C. walls and slabs

below ground level:- 5 mm to + 10 mm
(g) Vertical lines out of plumb:- 5 mm in 5 m but not

exceeding 10 mm in total
(h) Formwork for beam soffits shall be

erected with an upward camber of 5 mm per 3 m of span.
(j) The gap under a

3 m long straight edge placed on any
floor surface or edge in any direction
shall not exceed 5 mm.
(k) Rails/support channels for

switchgear shall be cast in within
the following tolerances 2 mm
5.44) Removal of Formwork
Forms shall be removed in such a manner that will not damage the concrete. No forms
shall be removed until the concrete has gained sufficient strength to support itself. Centres
and props may be removed when the member being supported has gained sufficient
strength to carry itself and the load to be supported on it with a reasonable factor of safety.
External loading shall not be applied until the concrete has reached its characteristic cube
strength.
The following table is a guide to the minimum periods which must elapse between the
completion of the concreting operations and the removal of shuttering. Notwithstanding this
table, no prop or shuttering shall be removed without the permission of the Engineer and
such permission shall not relieve the Contractor of his responsibilities for the safety of the
structure.
Minimum stripping and striking times OPC or SRPC
Vertical sides of beams, walls, columns, lift not 12 hours 36 hours

exceeding 1.2 m
Vertical sides of beams, walls, columns, lift 36 hours 60 hours

exceeding l. 2 m
Soffits of main slabs and beams, (props left under) 5 days 6 days
Removal of props - beams and main slabs and 18 days 19 days

other work.
5.45) Pre-cast Concrete Sills / Lintels / Copings / Features
(a) Sundry Small Pre-cast Concrete Items
All pre-cast concrete items shall be matured for 28 days before building in. Ends of bar
reinforcement shall be hooked. The cover for reinforcement shall be 25 mm from bottom
and 50 mm from end faces. The tops of lintels shall be marked for identification.
Pre-cast concrete items may be cast in-situ at the Contractor's option but with the

5.46) Exposed Surfaces
The finished faces of all concrete work shall be sound, solid and free from honeycombing,
excrescences and blemishes.
Plastering of defective concrete as a means of making good will not be permitted. Surfaces
showing minor porosity shall, if the Engineer so approves, be rubbed down with cement
and sand mortar of the same richness as the concrete immediately after the removal of
formwork. All such remedial work shall be carried out in accordance with the Engineer's
instructions and at the Contractor's expense.
5.47) Fair Finish
Where the surface of the concrete is specified to be "fair faced" as distinct from wrought
finish, it shall be rubbed smooth with a carborundum brick immediately on removal of the
shuttering and while the concrete is green and all small holes shall be stopped with cement
mortar of such a mix as to render the stopping invisible.
5.48) Integral Waterproofing
Integral waterproofing of concrete shall be achieved where ordered by the use of an

admixture approved by the Engineer.
5.49) Holes and Fixings
Holes or fixings for equipment shall be set-out to a tolerance compatible with the tolerances
acceptable to the relevant item of equipment. Holes and pockets shall be formed square to
the formwork. Permanent liners and formers shall be of expanded metal or similar material.
When ferrous liners are used, they shall have the same minimum concrete cover as is
specified for reinforcement in a similar location.
Threaded inserts and cast-in-bolts shall be fixed square to the formwork using a temporary
bolt or nut and casting the concrete around them. All threads shall be cleaned of grout and
projecting parts protected from rusting with bituminous paint.
5.50) Grouting of Base Plates, etc.
Spaces between base plates and foundations for columns, plant, machinery etc., shall be
completely filled with an approved non-shrinking grout which must provide maximum
support over the complete area of the base plate. Air holes shall be provided where
necessary in base plates to eliminate all possibility of any entrapped air pockets.
The grout may be of proprietary manufacture or may be made by the Contractor, using
additives approved by the Engineer.
The type of grout used and method of application shall be to the approval of the Engineer.
If required, the Contractor shall demonstrate to the Engineer by means of samples and
tests that the proposed grout is satisfactory.
5.51) Protective Coatings
Where external protection to foundations and concrete substructures is required an

approved self adhesive bituminous type membrane shall be applied in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. The membrane is to be continued to 150 mm above finished
ground level.

6) Steel work
The types of steel to be used for the fabrication and construction shall be as hereinafter
separately described.
Steel for use in the works shall be in accordance with BS 4, BS 4848 & BS7668.
6.1) Bolts, Nuts and Washers
Bolts, nuts and washers shall conform to BS 4190 or BS 4395.
6.2) Fabrication and Erection
Either bolted or welded construction may be used subject to approval and design.
6.3) Fabrication
Each fabricated section shall be properly aligned, and after alignment is obtained all joints
shall be checked for proper fit and framing tolerance.
6.4) Welding
Surfaces to be welded shall be free from loose scale, slag, rust, grease, paint and any other
foreign material.
All structural welds shall be continuous and shall be properly sized to develop the full
strength of the smaller of the two members being joined. The Engineer shall have the right
to limit the thickness of each weld bead or pass.
6.5) Preparation of Steel for Painting and Galvanizing
Before the application of any protective treatment all Structural steelwork shall be cleaned
to remove all trace of grease, dust, dirt and other injurious materials. Rust and mill scale
shall be removed by shot blasting.
All grit and shot blasting and cleaning operations shall be carried out by skilled operatives.
Steelwork which has been blast cleaned shall be kept dry and primed within four hours of
blasting except that no paint shall be applied to metal surfaces which are to be embedded
in concrete.
All steelwork and ironwork of whatever shall be kept dry and primed within 4 hours of
blasting except that no paint shall be applied to metal surfaces which are to be embedded
in concrete.
Before any painting is executed at site, the surfaces to be coated shall be thoroughly
washed with clean water to remove all traces of salt and other impurities.
Any runs of cement grout or concrete spillage, which occur during concreting, shall be
removed immediately from the steelwork by pressure hosing with fresh water or other
method approved by the Engineer. Any blemish or deficiency resulting from this treatment
shall be made good before applying any paint or any successive layers.
6.6) Painting and Protective Treatments
The Contractor shall ensure that suitable precautions shall be taken in bundling, packing
and crating for shipment to ensure that the protective treatment applied prior to shipment is
not damaged during transport to the Site. Straps, rope, wire or chain slings used for

handling shall be properly padded or wrapped to minimise damage in handling.
6.7) Galvanizing
All light gauge metal work shall be galvanised by the hot dip process.
Contact between galvanised or painted steel members and aluminium surfaces whether
painted or not shall be prevented by means of a layer of approved PVC self-adhesive
plastic tape.
6.8) Protection and Painting of Metallic Materials
Structural nuts and bolts shall be hot dip spun galvanised, minimum average coating 305
g/m and painted as for adjacent steelwork.
Steelwork partially encased in concrete or block-work shall be protected at the junction by a

strip of approved alkali resistant mastic filler.
All exposed steelwork shall be protected by a paint system having an assured life of at least
25 years to first maintenance.
Aluminium, unless of an alloy or grade resistant to corrosion, shall be adequately primed

and painted or otherwise surface treated to provide the required durability.
Aluminium for external architectural applications shall have a natural anodised finish to an
approved National Standard and the thickness of the anodising shall not be less than 25
microns.
Cast iron pipes shall be supplied with bitumen coatings from the Works. Further painting of
visible surfaces will be carried out after the application of 2 coats of metallic spirit based
sealer and shall include micaceous iron oxide paint and a gloss enamel paint decorative
finish.
Non-ferrous metals shall be suitably protected electrolyticly from dissimilar metals or

materials which could cause corrosion. These include but are not exclusive to:-
Material To be isolated / insulated from
Aluminium and Zinc Nickel and its alloys

Steel and its alloys
(also as below)
Copper and its alloys
Non-ferrous metals generally Alkalis, (concrete, cement,

lime and plaster)
In addition to the above, protection shall be provided to materials with rainwater run off from
aggressive materials.

7) Roads, Parking Areas and Hard standings
Roads, parking areas and hard standings shall be of bituminous macadam or asphalt
construction laid between concrete kerb stone and designed to support a wheel load of 50
tonnes.
8) Hollow and Solid Concrete Blocks
8.1) Manufacture and Curing
Concrete blocks may be obtained from an approved supplier or may be manufactured on

site. Samples and test results shall be submitted for approval by the Engineer before any
blocks are delivered or used in the construction of the Works.
Blocks shall be manufactured from cement and aggregates complying with the
requirements of BS 12 and BS 882
The Contractor shall prepare a design trial mix using the available materials to give the
average minimum compressive strength requirements of this section after casting and
curing of 28 days. A minimum of 9 blocks shall be prepared from this mix for testing.
Blocks shall be uniform in texture, shape, size, with sharp arises and free from any cracks
or defects.
Blocks shall be produced under shed on a suitable smooth floor.
Only machines of approved design shall be used for the manufacture of blocks. Blocks
shall remain under cover and be wet cured for a minimum of 7 days after casting.
The surface characteristics of blocks shall be such that a good key for plaster or render is
provided where required. Blocks shall not leave their place of manufacture before the age
of 28 days.
8.2) Compressive Strength of Blocks
The following are the minimum compressive strength requirements for blocks at the age of
28 days. The mix proportions of the material components are to be adjusted as required to
obtain the required compressive strength.
(a) Hollow Block
Average of 6 individual blocks
70 kg/cm for load bearing wall below grade
50kg/cm for load bearing wall above grade
(b) Solid Blocks
120 kg/cm load bearing below grade
85 kg/cm load bearing above grade

9) Building Mortar
9.1) Materials
Cement for building mortar shall be Portland cement complying with the requirements of
BS12 or equivalent EURO Code. Lime for building mortar shall be hydrated lime complying
with the requirements of BS 890.Sand for building mortar shall comply with the
requirements of BS 1199 & 1200 or equivalent EURO Code.
9.2) Mixes
Cement mortar for masonry walling shall be 1 part cement and 3 parts sand. Compo-
mortar for walling shall be 1 part cement, 2 parts lime and 9 parts sand.
9.3) Workmanship
The ingredients of mortar shall be measured in accurate gauge boxes for volume. Mortar
shall be mixed in an approved mechanical batch mixer. Dry ingredients of mortar shall in
the first instance, be mixed until there is a uniform consistency in colour. Water shall be
added and the mixing continued until there is a uniform distribution of the materials and the
mass is uniform in colour and consistency. In no case shall mixing be carried out for less
than two minutes after adding water. Sufficient water shall be added to the mix to produce
a pure consistency.
In instances where hand mixing is unavoidable, the cement content shall be increased by
10%. The dry and wet mixes shall be turned over sufficient number of times to produce the
respective consistencies as required by batch mixers.
Mortar shall not be allowed to stand more than 1 hour without mixing.
Cement mortar shall be used within half hour of adding cement to the mix.
Compo-mortar shall be used within one hour of adding cement to the mix.
10) Concrete Masonry
10.1) Construction
Concrete masonry shall be in accordance with BS 5628 or equivalent EURO Code.
Concrete and other surfaces on which walls are to be built shall be clean from earth, dust,
debris, etc and wetted before mortar is laid on the surface.
Walls shall be built plumb and shall be constructed such that no part of the wall is higher
than 1000 mm above any other part of an adjacent wall at any time.
10.2) Curing and Protection
Walls shall be protected from premature drying and excessively high temperatures for at
least 28 days from the date of building. The surface of walls shall be kept wet by the
application of water for at least 7 days. Walls and their surfaces shall be protected from
damage by other trades.

10.3) Built in fixings
All built in fixings, wall ties and the like, shall be in stainless steel or galvanised mild steel.
10.4) Samples
Sample panels, not less than one square metre in area, for each type of facing wall. shall
be prepared for approval by the Engineer at least two weeks before the start of permanent
work. All construction, pointing or other finishing features included in the Works thereafter,
shall comply in all respects with the approved sample.
Samples shall be maintained and kept in their original condition until permission to remove
them is given by the Engineer.
11) Flat Roofing
11.1) Lightweight Screeds
Aggregates for lightweight screeds shall conform to the requirements of BS 3797
Cement shall conform to BS 12 or equivalent EURO Code.
11.2) Roofing Felts
Roofing felts shall conform to the requirements of BS 747 & 8217 or equivalent EURO Code.
11.3) Mastic Asphalt
Mastic asphalt shall conform to BS CP144 Pt.2 or equivalent EURO Code.
11.4) Insulation Materials
Expanded polystyrene insulation materials shall comply with BS3837 or equivalent EURO
Code.
11.5) Workmanship
Flat roofs shall be screeded to falls with light weight concrete screeds having a minimum
thickness of 50 mm and laid to a slope of 1:60
The surface of the screed shall be smooth and free from lumps and sharp edges ready to
receive the isolating membrane. The screed shall be to the approval of the Engineer prior to
work proceeding.
An isolating membrane or vapour barrier shall be laid according to manufacturers

recommendations and to the approval of the Engineer.
Expanded Polystyrene boards conforming to BS3837 shall be laid with staggered joints
ready to receive the roof covering.
12) Tanking
12.1) Materials
Mastic asphalt shall conform to BS CP144 Pt.2 or equivalent EURO Code.

12.2) Workmanship
Tanking shall be applied to the surfaces and areas shown on the drawings and shall be to
the satisfaction of the Engineer.
13) Doors and Frames
13.1) Steel Doors
Steel doors shall be hollow flush construction with a 2 hours fire rating. They shall be
fabricated from galvanised steel sheet with a thickness not less than 18 SWG and shall be
provided with internal continuous vertical interlocking or truss type stiffeners spot welded at
not less than 150 mm centres. Edge channel reinforcement, not less than 3 mm thick shall
be provided to the door perimeter and shall be spot welded to each face at centres not
exceeding 75 mm.
Channels and face sheets shall be continuously butt welded at the edges. Stile edges shall
flare away from stops 3 mm in 50 mm.
Where an opening for glazing is provided, it shall be neatly trimmed with channels which
shall be continuously butt welded to the face sheet.
Butt welds shall be ground to give a smooth seamless surface.
Doors shall have a factory applied polyester powder coated finish of a colour to be approved
by the Engineer.
13.2) Internal Timber Doors
Internal timber doors, where specified, shall be flush solid core construction. The doors shall
have 1 hour fire resistance and shall be faced with plywood. The stiles and top and bottom
edges shall be lipped with hardwood tongued to the core and rebated for the plywood facing.
The hardwood facing shall finish flush with the plywood facings and shall show not less than
9 mm on both faces of the door.
Doors hung folding in 2 leaves shall have rebated and beaded meeting stiles. Doors shall be
fitted to linings or steel frames.
13.3) Steel Door Frames
Steel door frames shall comply with the requirements of BS1245 or equivalent EURO Code.
They shall be fabricated from steel not thinner than 16 SWG and shall be galvanised after
fabrication.
Frames shall be provided with at least 3 fixings for each jamb. Head frames greater than 1
metre span shall be provided with 2 intermediate fixings.
Frames shall be accurately mortised in the factory for strike plates and hinges. Such areas
shall be reinforced with plates not thinner than 10 SWG welded to the frames. Dust proof
plastic guard boxes shall be provided behind all cut outs. Reinforcing plates shall also be
provided for door closers, holders, checks, brackets and any other surface mounted
ironmongery.
Frames to be installed after construction of masonry walls shall be fitted with a removable
recessed stop to permit 6 mm expansion bolting of frame to masonry. Bolting points shall be
reinforced with 12 SWG steel plates.
Frames shall have a factory applied powder coated polyester finish to match the doors.

13.4) Ironmongery
Hinges shall be galvanised steel or bronze.
Locks shall be approved longitudinal mortise type, of steel construction with replaceable type
core and fitted to the doors in an approved manner. 2 bronze keyhole plates shall be
provided with each mortise lock, secured to the door to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
Locks shall be certified as to performance in accordance with BS 5872. Locks to all external
doors shall be part of a Master Key system to be approved by the Engineer.
Door closers shall be of pneumatic type, bronze finished and fixed to the door in an approved
manner. No 'hold open' arms shall be fitted unless specifically called for. Where called for,
they shall be fitted with a fusible link unless otherwise required for fire regulations.
Doors not fitted with locks shall be provided with approved steel mortise latches. Door lever
handles shall be of an approved aluminium pattern.
Internal doors utilised as fire doors shall have no lock and shall be fitted with an approved
metal counterweight operator with top spring bolt and keeper.
Glazing to metal doors shall be 6 mm thick Georgian wired and shall be fixed with metal
beads.
13.5) Installation
Doors and frames shall be fixed and fitted truly vertical and tested for swing and alignment
prior to fitting locks or latches. All ironmongery shall be delivered fitted to doors in such a
manner as to permit final adjustment after installation of the main members.
All lugs and other fixings to frames shall be built in to concrete or block-work as the work
proceeds unless otherwise approved.
14) Windows
14.1) General
Windows shall be single glazed, made from rolled mild steel sections to BS6510
14.2) Wire Screens
Painted galvanised wire screens are to be provided to all windows for security purposes.
They are to be made from 6 mm diameter mild steel bars on a 150 mm grid and are to be
securely fixed 100 mm from the external face of the wall using 3 mm thick by 25 mm wide
galvanised straps welded to the screen and screwed to the wall at 300 mm centres.
15) Concrete Floor Finishes
15.1) Epoxy Resin Screeds
Epoxy resin screeds shall be smooth, slip resistant, of a colour and thickness approved by
the Engineer and laid strictly in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.
The finished level of the screed shall be within 3 mm in 3 metres.
If acid etching of the concrete slab is used, the slab shall be washed with plenty of fresh
water to remove all traces of acid, and then dried before starting epoxy application.
Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, foot traffic shall not be allowed on the
finished floor within 24 hours of laying. The floor may not be subject to unrestricted use
within 7 days of completion. The floor finish shall be protected with timber during the
installation of heavy equipment and shall be kept covered and in a clean condition until the
completion of the contract.
15.2) Cement/Sand Screed
Where a cement/sand screed is to be placed, the surface of the base slab shall be
thoroughly scrabbled to remove all laitance, scrubbed and cleaned to expose the aggregate,
thoroughly wetted and then covered with an approved bonding agent well brushed into the
roughened surface immediately prior to screeding. The subsequent layer of screed shall be
not less than 70 mm thick.
Where so directed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall add approved compounds to the
materials before mixing to give a concrete with improved dust-proof and oil-resistant
qualities. Such compounds shall be added in accordance with the instructions of the
manufacturer.
The screed shall be placed in panels not exceeding 3 m square. Contraction joints shall be
provided around the perimeter of each panel and shall be of approved materials.
Cement/Sand Screed shall comprise one part cement and two parts sand or other mix as
approved by the Engineer. It shall be steel floated to a smooth hard finish before final set.
After laying it shall be kept wet with sand or saw dust or ponded for at least seven days and
then allowed to dry.
The screed shall be true and level and free from any bumps or hollows that would affect the
finished surface.
The Contractor shall provide properly formed chases, battens, box outs, etc. in the screed, to
accommodate such plates and channels etc. as may be required to be fixed to the base slab
for plant erection etc.
Following installation of such items, they are to be carefully grouted in to the screed.
15.3) Concrete Finish
Where specified as concrete finish, the finished concrete surface shall meet the following
requirements to the approval of the Engineer:-
(a) It shall be hard wearing, and divided into sufficiently small bays as to minimise
shrinkage cracking.
(b) It shall be non-slip.
(c) It shall be treated to prevent dusting.
(d) It shall be resistant to oil and grease.
(e) It shall be level within a tolerance of 5 mm in 3 metres.
16) Plastering and Rendering
16.1) Materials
(a) Cement shall be in accordance with BS 12

(b) Lime shall comply with BS 890 and shall be Class B.
(c) Sand shall conform to BS 1199 and BS 1200.
Materials shall be stored off the ground and under cover to the Engineer's approval.
16.2) Workmanship - General
Walls and ceilings shall be properly cleaned down and all paint, oil, grease and other
deleterious substances removed prior to plastering or rendering.
All angles, areas, narrow reveals, splays and returns under 300 mm wide shall be provided
with metal angle-beads.
All Joints between inside concrete and block-work are to be covered with galvanised
expanded metal symmetrically and securely fastened to both materials before plastering or
rendering is commenced.
Door frames and louvers are to be masked during the execution of the work and any damage
caused through neglect shall be made good by the Contractor at his own expense.
Any work not approved by the Engineer shall be removed and replaced.
16.3) Internal Plastering
Plastering shall be executed and backings prepared in accordance with BS 5492. Each
coating shall be allowed to thoroughly dry out before applying another. Material shall be
applied by wood or steel float as appropriate to the mix to provide texture and finish and
obviate crazing.
Plastering mixes containing self-setting materials shall be used within the recommended
working time for the particular mix.
For two coat work the undercoat shall consist of retarded hemi-hydrate gypsum plaster to BS
1191 Part 2 (Class B - undercoat type) and sand (1: 1 - 1). No lime shall be added.
Setting coats shall be obtained from an approved manufacturer and applied in accordance
with their written instructions.
16.4) External Rendering
External rendering shall be applied in 2 coats with a wood float finish suitable for painting.
The undercoat shall be 10 mm thick and shall consist of cement, lime and sand in the
proportion (1: : 4).
The finish coat shall be 10 mm thick and shall consist of cement, lime and sand in the
proportion (1:1: 5-6).
Should the block-work to be rendered present a smooth face, the Engineer may require the
application of a 'spatter dash' treatment consisting of a Portland cement-sand mix in the
proportion 1:1-2 which is mixed wet and thrown on vigorously and left to dry to a rough
texture.
17) Wall, Floor and Ceiling Finishes
17.1) General
No flooring or wall finishing works shall be started, except for insitu granolithic or terrazzo

floors, until all other building work in the immediate vicinity is substantially completed. All
finishing work shall be executed by workmen skilled in the particular trade. Surfaces, once
finished, shall be protected to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Any damaged areas shall be
cut out and replaced to the Engineers satisfaction.
17.2) Ceramic Wall Tiles
Ceramic wall tiles shall comply with the requirements of BS5385 & BS6431 and shall be true
to shape and free from blemishes. Samples of the proposed tiles, in the colour and/or
pattern intended, shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to placing orders.
Tiles shall be fixed according to a pre-determined and approved layout. All joints shall be
true, square and of equal width throughout the tiled area. Horizontal joints shall be level.
Tiles shall be bedded with an adhesive recommended by the tile manufacturer and approved
by the Engineer. The finished face of the tiling shall be smooth and shall not deviate in the
vertical and horizontal planes by more than 3 mm in 3 metres.
17.3) Resin Modified Vinyl Floor Tiles.
Resin modified vinyl floor tiles shall conform to the requirements of BS3260. They shall be
classified as moisture and oil resistant and, where specifically called for, chemical resistant.
Samples of the materials and colour shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
The tiles shall be laid out to a pre-determined pattern approved by the Engineer. They shall
be laid in a neat, clean manner, with closely fitted, straight and inconspicuous joints using an
approved adhesive in accordance with the manufacturers written instructions. Surplus
adhesive shall be cleaned off using material recommended by the manufacturer. They shall
lay flat, free from buckles, breaks or projections. Tiles shall not be heated before laying.
RMV floors shall be complete with matching pre-formed skirting, pre-moulded corners and
end stops etc. which shall be fitted in an approved manner.
On completion, the floor shall be treated with a polish approved by the tile manufacturer to
the satisfaction of the Engineer.
17.4) Ceramic Floor Tiles
Ceramic floor tiles to BS6431 shall be a minimum of 15 mm thick, non slip and be bedded
and jointed strictly in accordance with manufacturers recommendations.
Tiles shall be laid square and true with evenly spaced joints of constant thickness according
to a pre-determined and approved pattern. The surface shall be smooth and within a
tolerance of 3 mm measured on a 3 mm straight edge.
Coved ceramic skirting shall be provided at all walls. All exposed edges shall be rounded.
17.5) Acid/Alkali Resisting Ceramic Floor Tiles
Acid/alkali resisting tiles shall be 15 mm (min) thick non slip type bedded and jointed with
acid/alkali resisting materials according to manufacturers recommendations.
Tiles shall be laid square and true with evenly spaced joints of constant thickness according
to a pre-determined and approved pattern. The surface shall be smooth and within a
tolerance of 3 mm measured on a 3 mm straight edge.
Coved skirting shall be provided at all walls. All exposed edges shall be rounded.

17.6) Raised Modular Flooring
Raised modular flooring, where specified, shall be of high quality proprietary manufacture
with 600 mm x 600 mm panel modules supported by corrosion proof, steel adjustable tubular
props. The system shall be capable of supporting all loading from electrical panels or other
sources whether applied as point or uniform loads and shall incorporate an integral perimeter
support detail to minimise deflection of the panel edges.
Floor panels shall be formed of heavy gauge galvanised pressed steel panels with an
integral pressure bonded high density processed timber insulating core. The panel shall be a
minimum of 30 mm thick and finished with bonded vinyl. Edges of panels are to be provided
with an entrapped PVC edge lapping.
The floor system shall have provision for achieving electrical continuity.
17.7) Suspended Ceilings
Where specified, suspended ceilings shall be of a high quality proprietary manufacture and
shall be fitted flush around light fittings, ventilation ducts etc., and shall conform to the
following requirements:-
(a) They shall be non-combustible.
(b) They shall not allow the spread of flames.
(c) They shall be vermin proof.
(d) They shall easily be cleaned or redecorated.
(e) They shall be so designed as to allow the easy replacement of panels.
(f) They shall provide the following minimum sound absorption coefficients:
0.45 at 500 Hz
0.70 at 1,000 Hz
0.90 at 4,000 Hz
All ceiling panels shall be removable, offering access to the ceiling void for routine inspection
and maintenance of services.
Where ever facility to remove equipment such as valves, dampers etc. is required lockable
hinged hatch ways shall be provided.
Samples of suspended ceilings proposed for inclusion in the works shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval prior to ordering.
17.8) Concrete Ceilings
Where suspended ceilings are not required under concrete slabs, the slab soffits shall have a
smooth fair faced finish free from board marks. The ceiling shall be painted.
17.9) Timber and Joinery
Timber used in the permanent works shall be thoroughly seasoned and matured, sound,
straight, free from warp, sapwood, signs of rot, shakes, large and loose knots, worm holes,
wanes, cracks and other defects and shall be sawn or wrought die square and true on all four
sides. Timber for concealed work shall be an approved hardwood.

All timber for exposed joinery shall be approved selected Iroko or approved equivalent. Such
timber may contain sound or tight knots on any surface provided that the mean diameter of
any one knot does not exceed 20 mm and the knot nowhere occupies more than one sixth of
the width of the surface. The Engineer will have the right to reject any timber not conforming
to the "selected" standard.
All timber shall be well seasoned with minimum appropriate moisture content.
Where timber work is required wrought it shall be supplied machine dressed. All joints,
mortises, tenons, housings and the like shall be perfectly formed and fitted. All faces of
timber in direct contact with block-work, concrete or rendering shall be protected by an
approved primer before fixing.
All timber incorporated in the permanent works is to be pressure impregnated to give full
protection from insect and fungal attack. The treatment is to include protection against
termites. The type of preservative used and method of treatment are to be to the approval of
the Engineer.
The Contractor shall provide and maintain all temporary covering, and shall box-in and
protect all work liable to damage.
Wood screws shall be of brass. Where aluminium components are fixed to joinery work,
aluminium screws and washers shall be used.
18) Painting
18.1) Performance
Paint systems shall be provided to give a guaranteed life to first maintenance of 15 years.
18.2) General
The Contractor shall provide, for the approval of the Engineer, details of the paint system to
be used at each type of location.
As a minimum, the details shall include:
Name of Manufacturer and country of origin
Type and description of system
Number of coats
Dry film thickness for each coat
Surface preparation required
Method of application
Storage requirements
Guaranteed life to first maintenance
No painting shall commence before the system proposed has been approved in writing by

the Engineer.
Paint shall be prepared, mixed, applied and stored in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions and with the following specification clauses.
Surfaces to receive paint shall be dry and cleaned of all oil, grease, loose and powdery
material.
All removable items fixed on surfaces to be painted, but which are not to be painted
themselves, shall be removed before application and re-installed after completion of work.
Paint shall not be applied to any concrete or block-work surface on which efflorescence is
appearing. Efflorescence shall be brushed off as it appears and all decoration deferred until
it ceases.
Mortar droppings and nips shall be removed and defects made good.
18.3) Surface Preparation
(a) Steelwork - Refer to Section 4.6.6
(b) Masonry and Concrete Surfaces
The surface to be painted shall be washed down, with warm water and detergent
and allowed to dry. The quantity of water shall be kept to the minimum to ensure
that wetting is on the surface only. Minor defects, cracks and holes shall be made
good and rubbed down flush with the surrounding surface.
(c) Timber
All timber surfaces shall be rubbed down smooth with fine abrasive, and dusted off.
Sound knots and resinous streaks shall be given 2 coats of knotting extending at least
25 mm beyond the affected area. Nails shall be punched well below the surface.
Defects such as open joints or nail holes shall be filled with hard stopping, and surface
imperfections faced up as necessary. All such repairs shall be primed before
undercoating is applied.
(d) Newly Galvanised Surfaces
New galvanised surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned to remove all dirt, oil and grease
and pre-treated with either an etching primer or approved etching compound.
19) External Works
19.1) Site Surfacing
Site surfacing for all areas not covered by plant, buildings, roads, car parks, paved walkways,
hard standings or landscaping shall consist of a 75 mm deep layer of 20 mm uniform gauge
stone chipping laid over a compacted sterilised, weed free sub-grade to provide a
maintenance free surface.
20) Chain Link Security Fencing
20.1) Chain Link Mesh
All wire shall comply with BS4102. The link fencing and its accessories shall comply with
BS1722 and shall be woven from minimum 3.55 mm diameter wire to form a mesh size of 50

x 50 mm.
Line wire shall have a core diameter of 4 mm and be low carbon steel (mild steel). Stirrup
wire shall have a nominal wire diameter of 2.5 mm and be of low carbon steel and tying wire
shall have a nominal diameter of 1.4 mm
20.2) Fittings
All fittings shall be galvanised.
20.3) Concrete Posts
Posts and struts shall be of pre-cast reinforced concrete.
Posts shall be holed to allow for fixing of line wire, etc. Holes for bolts shall allow the bolt to
be freely inserted. Holes for wire shall allow an M6 bolt to be freely inserted. All holes shall
be free from obstructions and shall be accurately positioned.
The posts shall have an integral cranked extension to their tops. The post shall not be
tapered. The cranked extension may be tapered to a minimum of 75 mm x 75 mm.
20.4) Intermediate Posts
Intermediate posts shall be provided at intervals, measured centre-to-centre, of not more

than 3 m.
20.5) Straining Posts
Straining posts shall be provided at all ends and corners, at changes in direction or acute
variations in level and at intervals of not more than 60 m in straight lengths of fence.
Straining posts shall be holed for attachment of straining fixing.
When barbed wire is to be attached, the straining post next to a free-standing gate post shall
have a vertical extension for the attachment of the barbed wire.
20.6) Gate Posts
A hanging and shutting post shall be provided for single gates; two hanging posts shall be
provided for double gates. The two posts shall have the same cross section.
After installation of the gate posts the hole shall be filled completely with concrete which shall
be well rammed as the filling proceeds.
When chain link fencing is attached directly to a gate post, the gate post shall be supported
by a strut. When a free-standing gate post is erected next to a straining post it shall be the
same height as the straining post.
20.7) Struts
Diagonal concrete struts shall be fitted to all straining posts at a point within the top third of
the straining post, excluding any extension for barbed wire holders, and at a similar position
on gate posts acting as straining posts. Concrete struts and posts shall be securely fixed
together.
The bottom end of all struts shall be set into a concrete foundation to the approval of the
engineer.

Erection
Fences shall be erected to the exact line shown on the approved drawings. The top of the
fence shall follow the finished ground line as far as possible.
Fence posts shall be truly vertical in both planes and shall be securely set into concrete
foundations to the approval of the Engineer. The chain link fencing shall be strained
between each pair of straining posts and secured at each straining post by means of a
stretcher bar secured either to cleats or to the straining posts by M8 bolts. The stretcher
bars shall be attached to concrete posts by cleats.
The fence shall then be attached to the line wire by wire ties or hog rings spaced
approximately 150 mm apart on the top line wire and 450 mm apart on the intermediate and
bottom line wires. Alternatively, the line wire shall be threaded through the appropriate
adjacent row of meshes, care being taken that no meshes in this row are by-passed by the
line wire except where deviation is necessary at the straining posts.
A strip foundation shall be cast between the post foundations to encapsulate the bottom of
the chain link fencing.
The strip foundation shall be 200 mm wide, 100 mm above finished ground level and shall
extend a minimum of 300 mm below ground.
20.8) Gates
Gates shall be constructed of steel tube or hollow sections. Single gates shall be used to fill
openings up to 2 metres in width and double leaves of equal width to fill openings up to 8
metres in width. The tops of the gates shall be level with the tops of the chain link fencing
with razor wire topping and the bottom of the gates shall have a ground clearance of not
more than 50 mm. When closed the space between meetings stiles shall be not more than
12 mm.
Gates shall be of all welded construction. Gates and fittings shall be galvanised after
manufacture. The frame shall be square with all the corners mitred or saddled; bent tubes or
radiuses corners shall not be used. Vertical braces shall be fixed at not more than 1.2 m
centres, and there shall be one central horizontal brace.
The infill to the gates shall be chain link mesh of the same mesh size and gauge as the
fence, and shall be attached by means of stretcher bars to the framework of the gate.
Mild steel drop bolts M20 diameter shall be so fitted to all gate frames (and therefore to each
leaf of a double gate) that they cannot be removed. Corresponding sleeves to receive the
bolts shall be concreted in at ground level. The last closing leaf of a pair of gates shall
incorporate a stop which prevents one drop bolt being lifted when the gates are closed.
Double gates shall be provided with a slam plate of not less than 12 mm thickness.
Each gate shall be fitted with a locking bar welded to the gate frame at the junction of the
horizontal brace on the shutting style.
For single gates the locking bar shall shoot into a socket on the gate post.
For pairs of gates the locking bar shall shoot into a staple not less than 25 mm x 4.7 mm.
Locking bars shall be fitted with a padlock to the Employers specification.

21) Drainage, Plumbing and Sanitary Ware
21.1) Drainage
The design, layout, construction, testing and maintenance of foul, surface water drainage
constructed on, under and around buildings shall be in accordance with BS5572, BS8301 &
BS8000, and appropriate local standards.
21.2) Plumbing
All water supply pipes and waste pipes are to be of an appropriate grade of UPVC, complete
with their respective fittings. Acid / Alkali resistant waste pipes are to be provided for battery
rooms.
Waste outlets from basins sinks and similar fittings shall be connected to approved 'S' or 'P'
traps.
Plumbing shall generally not to be surface mounted.
21.3) Sanitary Ware
Sanitary fittings shall be white glazed ceramic ware. The articles shall be glazed inside and
outside and fixed with non-corrosive screws.
Battery rooms are to be provided with an eye bath. Acid resistant fittings are to be used
throughout.
All fittings and installations are to be approved by the Engineer.
22) Cable Ducts
22.1) Trenches for Cable Ducts
Trenches for cable ducts shall be neatly formed and just wide enough to permit easy jointing
of the ducts. They shall be deep enough to give a minimum of 500 mm cover to the top of
the duct.
The bottom of every trench shall be carefully levelled and rammed. Where necessary,
pockets shall be taken out of the trench bottoms at joint locations to enable the duct barrels
to lay flat on the trench bottom.
Where it is necessary to change level in a run of ducts, the bottom of the trench shall rise or
fall gradually. In no case shall the change in slope at any point, give rise to more than the
permissible deflection of the duct joint as specified by the manufacturer.
22.2) Ducts under Trafficked Areas
Where ducts pass under roads or other areas subject to vehicular traffic, they shall be
encased in a minimum of 150mm thick concrete.
22.3) Sand as Bed and Surround to Ducts
Except where ducts are to be encased in concrete, sand similar to that approved for
concrete, is to be packed and well tamped round the duct or ducts until it is covered to a
depth of 250 mm above the upper surface of the uppermost duct. Filling above this level is
to be approved excavated material free from large stones.

22.4) Laying of Ducts
Cable ducts shall be laid and jointed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions or
with such instructions as may be issued by the Engineer.
The line of cable ducts shall be kept as straight as possible. Where it becomes necessary to
deflect ducts from a straight line or vary the depth, large radius bends may be used subject
to the Engineer's approval.
22.5) Multiple Runs of Ducts
Electrical cable ducts in multiple runs whether encased in concrete or not, shall be laid at
approved centres vertically and/or horizontally. The minimum concrete encasement where
required is to be 150 mm. The final jointing of ducts in multiple runs shall be done in the
trench, i.e. the duct shall be lowered and jointed singly and not in groups, and duct joints
shall be staggered by approximately half the duct length in alternate lines.
22.6) Cutting of Ducts
Except where ducts enter concrete cable trenches, draw pits, buildings or basements at an
angle, they shall be cut at right angles to the length of the duct. The inside edges of all cut
ducts shall be dressed smooth before being placed in position to prevent damage to cables
from the edges of the ducts.
22.7) Bell Mouths
All electrical ducts entering concrete cable trenches, draw pits, buildings or basements shall
be provided with approved bell mouths.
22.8) Cleaning and Testing of Ducts
On completion of all electrical cable ducting, two mops of appropriate size connected one to
each end of an iron mandrel shall be passed twice through each way to clean the conduit
and to remove any foreign matter which may have entered. All proving tests shall be carried
out in the presence of the Engineer and if any obstruction or other defect be discovered, it
shall be removed or rectified forthwith to his satisfaction.
22.9) Draw Wires
Each electrical duct whose length exceeds 3 metres shall be provided with a pre-stretched
draw-wire/rope, which shall be of galvanised steel or approved artificial fibre cord. The
length of draw-wire installed shall be such that l metre of draw-wire extends from each end of
each duct. After the ends of ducts have been sealed the free ends of the draw-wires shall be
neatly coiled or otherwise stowed as directed by the Engineer.
22.10) Sealing of Electrical Ducts
As soon as every duct or set of ducts, including any installed for future use, has been proved
and if applicable, its draw-wire installed, the ends of the duct or its bell mouth where
provided, shall be sealed and made fully watertight with an approved sealer. A single coat of
bitumastic paint shall then be applied over the end of the ducts and the seal.
Puddle flanges shall be provided to all ducts passing through floors and walls below ground
level.

23) External Concrete Cable and Pipe Trenches
Where provided, formed trenches shall be of a sufficient clear size to accommodate the
cables or pipes for which they are intended with due regard to ease of jointing, segregation
or requirements for future extension.
External trenches shall have provision for drainage including falls in the floor leading to
drainage sumps connected into the main drainage system and from which pumps can be
used to enable any excess water to be drained off.
Trench bottoms should fall away from points at which they adjoin a building.
Trench covers inside buildings shall be of galvanised steel chequer plate; external trench
covers shall be of reinforced concrete.
All trenches and their covers must be designed and constructed in a manner suitable for their
location and the loading to which they may be subject. Trench covers shall be evenly
supported by the trench walls within a formed recess so that they do not rock. They shall
have a bearing appropriate to the span and loading.
Trench covers shall generally not be laid until the installation of all cabling or piping is
finished. Any covers laid before this time, which become damaged, shall be replaced at the
Contractor's expense.
24) Direct Buried Cables
Cables to be direct buried are to be laid in lines and levels as approved by the Engineer.
Their depth below ground level will depend upon the voltage associated with the cables but
in all cases the excavation must provide a clear trench. Sand filling below, around and
above the cables will always be required and protection covers or tiles will be placed in
position over the sand filling before final back filling to the ground level. The line of the cable
trenches shall be marked with suitable posts.
25) Requirement for Fire Protection
The Contractor shall provide fire protection to all cable ducts, holes, openings and shafts
through concrete and block-work walls, floor slabs, etc. as follows:-
(a) Ducts through walls are to be sealed after cables are laid with suitable
expanding grout to the approval of the Fire Officer/Engineer.
(b) Holes though floor slabs are to be sealed after cables are laid with soft fill of
suitable fire resistant material or equal approved.
(c) Holes for future cables through floor slabs are to be sealed with concrete.

COMBOLCHA -SEMERA -DITCHOTO SUBSTATION Detailed Technical Specifications For Civil Works
8
Drawings
Substations Extension, Contract SE-1 Drawings
The following drawings form an integral part of this Specification.
Title Drawing No.
Gefersa Substation
Single Line diagram GEF - 001

Substation Layout Plan GEF - 002
Muger Substation
Single Line diagram MUG - 001

Substation Layout Plan MUG - 002
Wolisso Substation
Single Line diagram WOL - 001

Substation Layout Plan WOL - 002
Awash 7-kilo Substation
Single Line diagram AW - 001

Substation Layout Plan AW - 002
Assebe Teferi Substation
Single Line diagram ASE - 001

Substation Layout Plan ASE - 002
Substation Site topography ASE - 003
Nura Era Substation
Single Line diagram NUR - 001

Substation Layout Plan NUR - 002
Substation Site topography

NUR - 003
Alemaya Substation
Single Line diagram ALE - 001

Substation Layout Plan ALE - 002
Chelenko Substation
Single Line diagram CHE - 001

Substation Layout Plan CHE - 002
Substations Extension, Contract SE-1 Drawings
Ghimbi Substation
Single Line diagram GH - 001

Substation Layout Plan GH - 002
Common drawings for compact Air Insulated

Switchgear
COM - 001
132 kV Line Bay
132 kV side Transformer Bay COM - 002
66 kV Line Bay COM - 003
66 kV side Transformer Bay COM - 004

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7

Civil Work Specifications

Part - D Civil Design Requirements .............................................................................................................. 1

Civil works.docx Page - iv

Part - D Civil Design Requirements

2. Assebe Teferi and Nura Era Substation (New substations)

Site preparation and earth work design;

3. Substations Extension (Gefersa, Wolisso, Muger, Alemaya, Chelenko, Ghimbi and

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 1

Site preparation and earth work design (if required);

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 2

1.1 Site Investigations

1.2 Site Preparation

1.3 Foundations for Gantries, Tower and outdoor Equipment

1.4 Site Roads and Surfacing

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 3

1.4.1 Cable Ducts

1.4.2 Surfacing Works

1.5 Security Fencing and Gates

1.6 Foul and Surface Water Drainage

SITE SPECIFIC DESCRIPTIONS

2.1. Site Preparation

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 4

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 5

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 6

1. Designs by the Contractor

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 7

Foundations shall be designed in accordance with BS80004 or equivalent EURO Code.

5. Loadings and Design of Floors and Roofs

6. Design of Masonry Walls

Full consideration shall be given to movements due to changes of temperature. Expansion

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 8

9. Fire Resistance Building Structure

10. Site Roads

11. Water Supply and Drainage

Civil works.docx Part - D Page - 9

PART E STAFF DWELLING HOUSES

STAFF DWELLING HOUSES ARRANGEMENT

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 10

OPERATORS DWELLING HOUSES CIVIL WORKS

Duplex Dwelling House

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 11

4. Carpentry and Joinery

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 12

b) Above +1.50 m level three coats of plastering and then painting.

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 13

For Duplex dwelling house

For Duplex service quarter

b) Extra over light points for flush mounting switches

Single pole on-off switch

The following Light Fittings and Lamps shall be installed:

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 14

10. Sanitary Installation

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 15

Duplex Service Quarter

Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 16

4. Carpentry and Joinery

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b) b) Above +1.50 m level three coats of plastering and then painting.

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Civil works.docx Part - E Page - 19

Single Dwelling House

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