The status of women in Iran

Introduction

As for 2017, gender equality is the fifth of seventeen sustainable development goals of

the United Nations, being a global issue that needs addressing urgently. According to UNFPA

(United Nations Fund for Population Activities), despite many international agreements

affirming their human rights, women are still much more likely than men to be poor and

illiterate. They have less access to property ownership, credit, training and employment. They

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are far less likely than men to be politically active and far more likely to be victims of
information for you to cite and quote. However, this
quotation is a bit too long. Try quoting what you feel is the
domestic violence.[1]
most important part and paraphrasing the rest.

Iran, ranking the top five with regards to the number of laws that go against womens

development, is still struggling to eliminate the gender inequality. This report mainly

illustrates the transformation of Iranian womens status from three aspects: womens access to

education, health and longevity rate and political participation.

Womens Access to Education

After the Revolution of 1979 in Iran, the status of Iranian women got enhanced

remarkably. The majority of women had access to higher education within 20 years,

dominating thecollege entrance examination. Today over 60% of undergraduates in Iranian

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universities are women, performing much more excellentlyin tests than men.[2]

These transformations aroused strong dissatisfaction from part of the society, who

worried about the "social side-effects of rising educational standards among women,

including declining birth and marriage rates".[3] In this case, Iran's Ministry of Science,

Research and Technology issued a statement in August 2012 that 77 learning fields of women

curriculum would be reduced in 36 Iranian universities and become male-specific fields,

which severely restricted womens investment in public sphere.[4]In 2015, a report pointed out

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that there were14 proposals aimed to realize gender equality in educational sphere have not
rest of the sentence. The first two are correct, but not the

[5] third:
been adopted by the Rouhani government yet.
there were three proposals
there were three proposals that had not been attained
Health and longevity rate

xxxxx there were three proposals had not been attained

The health problem of women has become a globally issue, because they account for half
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of the worlds population, tipping the scales of family health and sustained development of

the society. Reports published on the United Nations Organization repeatedly emphasized that

womens health is assailable and worthy of the attention of decision-making level.[6]

Over the past three decades, Iran, developing rapidlyin social, economic and cultural, has

also improved the health conditions of Iranian women both physically and mentally.

According to a 2016 report, the average life expectancy of women in Iran has risen from

44.15 years in 1960 to 75.75 years in 2012.[7] In addition the maternal mortality rate has

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declined from 83 to 23 per 100,000 between 1990 and 2013.[7] Nonetheless, in 2011,
paraphrased.

depression in women was the top among diseases while it ranked second in 2003, along with

higher crime rate than men. These phenomena indicate that social barriers to womens health,

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which are caused by gender inequality, burden of responsibility andfinance difficulty, still
listing:
a, b, and c
persist in many aspects, referring to the mental and social health problems of Iranian

women.[7][8]

Political participation

[9]
Political participation is considered as a prerequisite to political development.

Therefore, to promote political development and improve women and childrens life quality,

the involvement of women in politics is of great importance. Although men are in the
majority of Iranian policymakers, the government has tried to advance the presence of women

in political stage. Ayatollah Khomeini, the leader of the Revolution in 1979, had upheld

womens political rights as a religious duty: Women have the rights to intervene in politics.

In Iran, everything, every prayer, is political.[10]

Although womens presence in parliament reduced from 14 in 2004 to 8 in 2008, they

tend to be more succussful in provincial politics.[10] Recently, with the government of Present

Ahmadinejad, the previous policy of improve the political status of Iranian women has

converted into stress the family role of women.

Conclusion

After the Iranian Revolution in 1979, higher status of women can be achieved in

education, economics, politics and many other areas. Despite the effective efforts and policies

made by Iranian government, there still remain numerous social obstacles and challenges that

obstruct the implementation of gender equality.

Works Cited

[1]Gender Equality. 14 June 2015).United Nations Population Fund. UNFPA.

[2] Goli M. Rezai-Rashti (November 17, 2014). The politics of gender segregation and

womens access to higher education in the Islamic Republic of Iran: the interplay of

repression and resistance. Gender and Education.

[3] Tait Robert (August 20, 2012). Anger as Iran Bans Women from Universities. The

Telegraph. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_education_in_Iran

[4] Staff writer (August 21, 2012). Male-order Education: Iran Bars Women from 77
University Courses.Russia Today.

Retrievedfromhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_education_in_Iran

[5] Report of the Secretary-General on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic

of Iran. Retrieved from http://www.un.org

[6] Ahmadi, B. (2012). Womens Health Management: Policy and Research Services

Development. Social Welfare, 12(47):29-59.

[7] Hassan, J. Najmeh, M., Kamran, B. I., Alireza, R., & Maryam, A. (16 February 2016).

Narrative Review of Womens Health in Iran: Challenges and Successes. International

Journal for Equity in Health.

[8]Womens Health Bridges and Barriers: A Qualitative Study. (2013).Health Care for Women

Interntional, 34:193-208.

[9] Huntington, S. (1965). Political Development and Political Decay. World politics,

17(39):389-430.

[10] Heshmat Sadat. (2011, 3). Participation of Women in Irans Policy. GEMC journal.