Medical Parasitology in tables Kasr Alainy Students

PLEASE NOTE (N.B.): Classification of Helminthes

a. This paper of work is not a 100% perfect information source, Liver fluke Fasciola hepatica/gigantica (Fascioliasis)
although we hope it is. Paragonimus westermani
Lung fluke
b. Do not rely on this work (only) in study of medical Parasitology. This Flukes / (Paragonimiasis)
is just a bit of work to help you in your medical course. Trematoda Intestinal fluke Heterophys (Heterophysiasis)
(Disease) Schistosoma Haematobium, Mansoni &
c. If you find any wrong information in here or you have an idea about
Blood fluke Japonicum (Schistosomiasis)
it, please send any of us a message to the email or account or call us (Swimmer's itch)
directly.

Platyhelminthes (Flat worms)

Diphyllobothrium Latum
d. This paper work is free to anyone. Please do not try to sell it anyway. (Diphyllobothriasis)
Pseudophyllidea
e. The normal size of this paper is A3. Diphyllobothrium Mansoni &
f. Do not forget us in your do3aa. Proliferum (Sparganosis)
Taenia saginata (beef) (Taeniasis
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
saginata)
How to study medical Parasitology? Taenia solium (pork) (Taeniasis
1. General characters & life cycle: read & understand. Tapeworms solium/Cysticercosis)
2. General Distribution: Enough to know whether the parasite is present / Cestoda Echinococcus granulosus (Hydatid
(Disease) Disease or Hydatidosis)
in Egypt or not (very important in cases).
Cyclophyllidea Echinococcus multilocularis (Alveolar
3. Pathogenesis, Clinical picture and diagnosis: very important study them Hydatid Disease)
very well. Multiceps multiceps (Coenurosis)
4. Treatment: enough to study the first drug written in your book (it is Hymenolepis nana (Hymenolepiasis)
Hymenolepis diminuta
called the drug of choice) NO NEED to study any doses for drugs.
(Hymenolepiasis diminuta)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dipylidium caninum (Dipylidiasis)
Class: Trematoda Ascaris lumbricoides (Ascariasis)
Hookworms (Ancylostomiasis):
General characters: o Ancylostoma duodenale
1- Flattened dorso-ventrally, bilaterally symmetrical and unsegmented. o Necator americanus
2- Provided with suckers: an anterior oral and ventral suckers, sometimes a Strongyloides stercoralis
In small intestine (Strongyloidiasis)
third genital sucker. Intestinal
Trichostrongylus colubriformis
3- Having a protective cuticle either smooth or provided with spines or nematoda
(Trichostrongyliasis)
tubercles. Capillaria philippinensis (Intestinal
4- Muscle fibers: longitudinal, circular and oblique help in the movement of Capillariasis)
Nemathelminths (Round worms)

the parasite. Trichinella spiralis (Trichinosis)

5- Nervous and excretory systems are present but there is no respiratory or Enterobius vermicularis (Enterobiasis)
In large intestine
circulatory system. Trichuris trichiura (Trichuriasis)
6- The digestive system starts by mouth surrounded by oral sucker anteriorly. Filaria (Filariasis):
o Wuchereria bancrofti
This leads to a short pharynx that bifurcates in front of the ventral sucker
o Brugia malayi
into two intestinal caeca that may be simple or branches and end blindly. o Loa loa
7- The genital system hermaphrodite (except Schistosoma) having both male Adults o Onchocerca volvulus
and female reproductive organs in one worm. Usually there is cross- o Mansonella perstans
fertilization between 2 separate adults but self-fertilization may occur. o Mansonella ozzardi
8- General life cycle: adults eggs water miracidium snail Dracunculus medinensis
Tissue
Sporocyst redia cercaria infect man adults. (Dracunculiasis, Dracontiasis)
nematoda
Trichinella spiralis (Trichinosis)
Parasitic pharyngitis: Larva migrans
In Lebanon & America, people have a habit of ingestion of fresh raw sheep & goat o Cutaneous:
Ancylostoma caninum
livers. If these livers are infected with Fasciola, living worms will attach to the Larvae
Ancylostoma braziliense
pharyngeal mucosa causing: oedematous congestion of the pharynx, soft palate, o Visceral:
larynx, nasal fossae and Eustachian tubes (suffocation known by the natives as Toxocara canis
Halzoun). Another cause for this condition is tongue worms (Linguatula serrata). Toxocara cati
Mode if infection: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Infection occurs by ingestion of nymph stage in improperly cooked sheep viscera. Cercarial dermatitis (Bathers itch or Swimmers itch):
Treatment: Schistosome of non-human species can penetrate the skin of man but cannot go
1- Gargling with strong alcoholic drinks. beyond the germinal layer.
2- Administration of emetics. Clinically:
3- Tracheostomy in laryngeal obstruction. Dermatitis, irritation, itching, oedema and secondary infection.
Control: Diagnosis:
Proper cooking of animal tissues. History of contact with water followed by skin rash.
Treatment:
General characters of schistosoma:
Anti-pruritics, local and general anti-histaminics, antibiotics for 2ry infections.
1- The adults have separate sexes.
Control:
2- The two sexes are dissimilar in appearance.
- Snail control
3- The adult worms parasitize blood vessels.
- Avoiding dealing with polluted water.
4- They lack a muscular pharynx and the two intestinal caeca reunite into a
- Thorough drying of skin to prevent cercarial penetration.
single caecum.
5- They produce non-operculared eggs.
6- The cercaria, with forked tail, invades the final host percutaneously.
7- No redia stage.

~ II ~ 2010/2011