MOLES

triangle thing
TOP: MASS
bottom: moles x Mr

Mr = all the Ars in the molecule i guess??/

PERCENTAGE OF A MOLECULE = (Ar x # of atoms) / Mr of the whole diddly doo x 100

CALCULATION MASSES IDK WTF

1. balanced equation
2. work out the moles of the mass you have
3. use the balanced equation to work out the other sides moles
4. turn moles 2 mass

GAS MOLES
TOP: volume
bottom: moles x 24

ALKALI METALS (group 1)

react with water to form METAL HYDROXIDE and HYDROGEN GAS
reactivity increases DOWN the group
relatively low mp / bp for metals
form ionic compounds

NOBLE GASES (group 0)

do not form ionic bonds
reluctant to form covalent bonds because it takes a lot of energy
reactivity increases DOWN the group, as does bp
monatomic
colourless

HALOGENS
mp/bp increases DOWN the group
salts in reactions w/ metals
form COVALENT bonds
DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS!!! REDOX!!!

OILRIG
oxidation is loss of electrons, reduction is gain

HOMOLOGOUS SERIES
same GENERAL FORMULA and FUNCTIONAL GROUP, similar chemical reactions and
properties
PERCENTAGE YIELD
% yield = actual yield / theoretical yield x 100

ALKANES
CnH(2n+2), saturated (SINGLE BONDING, NO ADDING)

ALKENES
CnH2n, unsaturated (DOUBLE BONDING, ADDING!!!)

CATALYTIC CRACKING
long chains of hydrocarbons 2 smaller ones
(eg. C8H18 hexane + ethene)
its always something + ethene (WHICH IS USED FOR PLASTICS)
ALUMINIUM OXIDE

bad things
co2: greenhouse effect
sulphur dioxide: acid rain
plastics: biodegradable

ALCOHOLS
CnH2n+1OH