Background 2

NHANES III Prevalence of Hypertension*
According to BMI
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI > 30

50
41.9
40 37.8
32.7
Percent
30 27 27.7
22.1
20 14.9 15.2
10
0
Men Women
*Defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg,
or currently taking antihypertensive medication.
Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of
Hypertension and Dyslipidemia. Obes Res. 2000;8:605-619.
Prevalence of Hypertension* According to BMI by Sex
Men Women
50
41.9
40 37.8
32.7
30 27.7 27
Percent
22.1
20 14.9 15.2
10
0
<25 25-<27 27-<30 _
>30
BMI Levels
According to Sex, Age, and BMI
Men
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
75 61.6
51.7 53.6 49.1
Percent
46.2
50
30.2
24.6 23.3
25 16.3
10.4
3.5 7.4
0
20-39 40-59 60+
*Defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or
currently taking antihypertensive medication.

Hypertension and Dyslipidemia. Obes Res. 2000; 8:605-619.
Women
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
72.5
75 64.7 64.9
56.4
Percent
39.4
50
26.6
20
25 11.2
2 3.4 10.2
1.6
0
20-39 40-59 60+

NHANES III Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Hypertension*
According to Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and BMI
Men
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
75
Percent
47.1
50 39 34.7 33.9
23.8 27.2 29.8 26.9 24.2
25 17.2 21.4 16
0
Nonhispanic White Nonhispanic Black Mexican American

Women
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
75
Percent
50 40.5
31.9 27.7 31.4 34.4 27
20.9 22.2 24.5
25 14.9 17.3 20.7
0

NHANES III Odds Ratio for Hypertension*
Men
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
10
9 7.8
8
7
6 4.5
5
4 3.1
3 2.3
2 1.5 1.9 1.2 0.9 1.6
1 1 1
1
0
20-39 40-59 60+
Women
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >-30
10
9
8 7
7 5.9
6
5
4 3.3
3 2 2.4 1.9
2 1 1.4 1 1 1.4 1.3
1
0
20-39 40-59 60+
*Defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or
Brown C et al Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

According to BMI
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI > 30

50
41.9
40 37.8
32.7
Percent
30 27 27.7
22.1
20 14.9 15.2
10
0
Men Women
Data from NHANES III show that the prevalence of high blood pressure increases progressively with higher
levels of BMI in men and women.
The prevalence of high blood pressure in adults with BMI >30 is 41.9 percent for men and
37.8 percent for women, respectively, compared with 14.9 percent for men and 15.2 percent for women
with BMI 25.
Other studies, such as the large international Intersalt study, carried out in more than 10,000 men and
women also reported a 10 kg (22 lb) higher body weight to be associated with a 3 mm Hg systolic and 2.3
mm Hg diastolic change in blood pressure.
These differences in blood pressure, as shown in the Intersalt study, translate into a 12 percent increased
risk for CHD and 24 percent increased risk for stroke.
BACKGROUND II 1
Prevalence of Hypertension* According to BMI by Sex
Men Women
50
41.9
40 37.8
32.7
30 27.7 27
Percent
22.1
20 14.9 15.2
10
0
<25 25-<27 27-<30 _
>30
BMI Levels
The relationship of the prevalence of high blood pressure (defined as mean systolic blood pressure
>140 mm Hg, mean diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg, or currently taking antihypertensive medication) to
BMI according to sex is shown on this slide.
The prevalence of high blood pressure in adults with BMI >30 is 41.9 percent for men and
37.8 percent for women, respectively, compared with 14.9 percent for men and 15.2 percent for women
with BMI <25.
High blood pressure increases progressively with higher levels of BMI in men and women.
BACKGROUND II 2
Men
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
75 61.6
51.7 53.6 49.1
Percent
46.2
50
30.2
24.6 23.3
25 16.3
10.4
3.5 7.4
0
20-39 40-59 60+
*Defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or

Data from NHANES III show that the prevalence of high blood pressure in men generally increases with age at
all levels of BMI.
The increase in high blood pressure with increasing BMI was greater in the two younger age groups.
Among men ages 2039 years, the prevalence of high blood pressure was seven times higher in the BMI
30 category, compared with the BMI <25 category.
Among older men (60+ years), there is a less steep increase in the prevalence of high blood pressure with
increasing BMI.
BACKGROUND II 3
Women
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
72.5
75 64.7 64.9
56.4
Percent
39.4
50
26.6
20
25 11.2
2 3.4 10.2
1.6
0
20-39 40-59 60+

Data from NHANES III show that that the prevalence of high blood pressure increases with age among women
at all levels of BMI.
The increase in the prevalence of high blood pressure was steepest in the younger age groups.
Among women <60 years with a BMI 27, the prevalence of high blood pressure is 24 times greater,
compared to women with a BMI <25.
Among older women (60+ years), the prevalence of high blood pressure is generally higher in the
overweight and obese categories (BMI >25).
BACKGROUND II 4
Men
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
75
Percent
47.1
50 39 34.7 33.9
27.2 29.8 26.9 24.2
17.2 21.4 23.8
25 16
0

Data from NHANES III show that there is a similar trend of increasing prevalence of high blood pressure with
rising BMI levels among white, black, and Mexican-American men.
High blood pressure is defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or
The age-adjusted prevalence of high blood pressure is greatest among black men at every level of BMI.
BACKGROUND II 5
Women
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
100
75
Percent
50 40.5
31.9 34.4
27.7 31.4 24.5 27
20.9 22.2 17.3 20.7
25 14.9
0

Data from NHANES III show that there is a similar trend of increasing prevalence of high blood pressure with
rising BMI levels among white, black, and Mexican-American women. High blood pressure is defined as mean
systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or currently taking antihypertensive
medication.
The age-adjusted prevalence of high blood pressure is greatest among black women at every level of
BMI.
BACKGROUND II 6
NHANES III Odds Ratio for Hypertension*
Men
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >30
10
9 7.8
8
7
6 4.5
5
4 3.1
3 2.3
2 1 1 1.5 1.9 1 1.2 0.9 1.6
1
0
20-39 40-59 60+
Women
BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI >-30
10
9
8 7
7 5.9
6
5
4 3.3
3 2 2.4
2 1 1.4 1 1 1.4 1.3 1.9
1
0
20-39 40-59 60+
*Defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or
Brown C et al Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

The odds ratios for high blood pressure in men and women, adjusted for race/ethnicity, education, and current
smoking habits are shown for age-specific groups. The odds for developing high blood pressure with increasing
BMI are greater for younger ages.
High blood pressure is defined as mean systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, mean diastolic 90 mm Hg, or
BACKGROUND II 7

Background 2

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Background 2

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NHANES III Prevalence of Hypertension*

BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI > 30

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

BMI <25 BMI 25-<27 BMI 27-<30 BMI > 30

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al. Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

Brown C et al Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of

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