TS5: Lab TOPOLOGY Debrief:(CHECK the diagram)

*******************Not real questions for TS *********************

*******************Concepts for TS *******************************
****************GOOD LUCK to all by : Pravine*********************
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Good luck to all after exam regarless of result post in CC or PM me with details
Pravine
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****MPLS and BGP ******************************

****READ all concepts with topology diagram****
**** IOU is already shared ****
**** Any questions ask in forum thread I am going to add ****

CORE Network and VRF networks:

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Core is BGP AS#12345 and IGP is OSPF(Area0 AN Area1)
Other AS#1001(Internet)/AS#61001 AND AS#61002 are kind of connected to CORE
AS#12345
AS#61001 connect to CORE routing on AS#12345 but both AS#61001 AND AS#61002 connect
to core via VRF's at PE's

OSPF:
R21/R22/R3/R5/R4/R6/R1/R1 are OSPF routers
R3/R5 acts as ABR seperating OSPF area 1 AND area0
OSPF should work properly before any BGP to work properly
Make sure R1 learns R21/R22 link by two path, if not check in OSPF domain any "max-
metric router-lsa" command/ bandwidth/cost commands and remove them. Also make
sure ABR don't have undesirable summarization with "area x range commands at both
R3 and R5(ABRs)

#show run | i cost|bandwidth|metric|range|max ==> all R21/R22/R1/R2/R4//R6 and

remove any undesired commands.4

Only these fixing in core will allow you to make OSPF routing properly in CORE
CCIEv5 TS exam.
#show ip ospf neighbor ==> make sure you see all desired neighbors if not
troubleshoot.
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IPv4 BGP:
R21/R22/R3/R5/R4/R6 runs BGP(R1 and R2 is not part of any IPv4 BGP)
R3/R4 are IPv4 RR's where R21/R22 are clients and R4 and R6 are non clients.
R21/R22/R4/R6 runs global IBGP with route-reflector and EBGP with other AS#
Routers(R12/R26/R7/R8)
"Whenever router doing EBGP and IBGP, EBGP links must be advertised to IGP(here
OSPF) or you must define "(config-router)#neighbor IP-of-EBGP next-hop-self"
command

one TS question ask trace from non-core to non core(From R12 to some loopbacks on
R26, these R26 loopbacks are only in BGP and not redistributed to OSPF. When
R21/R22 send these loopbacks to IPv4 RR(R3/R5), they will advertise with their
source loopbacks(in OSPF).
Now eventhough R1/R2 don't have BGP and see these R26 routes in OSPF or BGP, DUE to
MPLS CORE, the communication from R12 to R26 will be possible(If MPLS doesn't work
properly, this communication will break)
Path manipuation can be done in/out at EBGP routers R21/22/R4/R6, understand LOCAL
preference and MED attribute very well
Local Preference ==> Tells inside routers how to go out
MED ==> Tells other routers how to get in to local AS#
In exam there are different variation of questions are tested so members should
understand logical aspect of BGP Path attributes, if all attributes are same,
router will prefer best path to IGP metric to BGP next-hop

Also understand more about bgp maximum path "for both IBGP and EBGP". By default
BGP only put one route as best path, to install two routes in "sh ip route bgp" you
need to play and understand "bgp maximum-path" feature.

ROUTE-REFLECTOR:
Also in exam don't care about Route-Reflector(which one) but make sure Route-
reflector has IBGP peering with all routers.
Route Reflector simply receives a route from a IBGP router and reflects(sends) the
route to other routers(***RR doesn't modify the received NEXT-HOP***)
Route Reflector doesn't send routes from non-client to non-client(In original
Topology routes received from R4 will not be send to R6 and vice versa)

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MPLS & VPNv4 BGP:
R3/R5/R1/R2/R4/R5 runs MPLS
R1 is a MPLS VPNv4 Route Reflector.
R3/R4/R5/R6 are PE's haveing either one vrf"old" or two vrf"new"
R2 interfaces are enabled for MPLS and runs OSPF but "NO BGP"
R1 interfaces are enabled for MPLS and runs only VPNv4 BGP-VPNv4 RR and no IPv4
BGP.

R3/R7 AND R4/R8 has either two EBGP(OLD) or three EBGP New.
One of interfaces in the EBGP is in global BGP(E1/0.10) And other is in vrf in both
R3/R4.
But R7/R8 all BGP sessions are EBGP with both R3/R4.

R3/R4/R5/R6 since they are PE's with VRF there are route-target import and export,
read question carefully and check for proper import/export route-targets are
defined.
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OSPF Area0(BGP AS#61000) R7/R8 to EBGP(to vrf R3/R4):
R7R8 either can redistribute OSPF to EBGP or send a default route.
In this original TS version R7/R8 originate default route to VRF on R3/R4 with
"neighbor EBGP-IP-ADDRESS default-originate" command
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#show ip bgp summary =================> Display IPv4 neighbor

#show ip bgp vpnv4 all summary =======> Display both IPv4 vrf and VPNv4
neighbor(Note IPv4 vrf is EBGP and VPNv4 is IBGP)

MPLS troubleshooting:
#show run | i mpls|tdp|ldp|cef|mtu ==> to see if you see any anomolies
#show mpls ldp discovery ==> you should see xmit/recv on proper interfaces
#show run | i inter|mpls|255 ==> To see IP/mask/ and if proper interface has MPLS
enabled.

Sending a default route to OSPF:(R9 and R10) Need to advertise to OSPF of their
regional domain if BGP is not redistriubted to OSPF
You cannot redistriubute a default route to OSPF, ONLY has to originate with
"default-information originate" command.
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#Sh ip route | i 0.0.0.0
==> If default route present
you need
router ospf 1
default-information originate

==>If default route not-present

you need
router ospf 1
default-information originate always