Objectives

Preparing Human Tissue for Microscopy

1. List the steps involved in preparing animal tissue for microscopic viewing.

Epithelial Tissue
2. List several structural and functional characteristics of epithelial tissue.
3. Name, classify, and describe the various types of epithelia, and indicate their chief
function(s) and location(s).
4. Define gland.
5. Differentiate between exocrine and endocrine glands, and between multicellular and
unicellular glands.
6. Describe how multicellular exocrine glands are classified structurally and functionally.

Connective Tissue
7. Indicate common characteristics of connective tissue, and list and describe its structural
elements.
8. Describe the types of connective tissue found in the body, and indicate their characteristic
functions.

Muscle Tissue
9. Compare and contrast the structures and body locations of the three types of muscle tissue.

Nervous Tissue
10. Indicate the general characteristics of nervous tissue.

Covering and Lining Membranes

11. Describe the structure and function of cutaneous, mucous, and serous membranes.

Tissue Repair
12. Outline the process of tissue repair involved in normal healing of a superficial wound.

Developmental Aspects of Tissues

13. Indicate the embryonic origin of each tissue class.
14. Briefly describe tissue changes that occur with age.

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Tissues The Living Fabric pp. 116-117; Figure 4.1

Individual body cells are _____________________________.

Each type performs _________________ functions that maintain ______________________.

Tissues =

Histology =

Primary Tissues Types

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Figure 4.1 Overview of four basic tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and
nervous tissues.

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Preparing Human Tissue for Microscopy (pp. 117118)

To prepare a tissue for microscopy it must be

Epithelial Tissue (pp. 118126; Figs. 4.14.6)

Epithelial tissue (epithelium) =

Two forms of epithelial tissue occur in the body:

_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Epithelial Tissue Functions

1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________

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Special Characteristics of Epithelium
1. _______________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________

Polarity

Specialized Contacts

Supported by Connective Tissue

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Avascular but Innervated

Regeneration

Classification of Epithelia
Each epithelium has two names.
Classification based on _________________________________________________.
Classification based on _________________________________________________.

Based on the number of cell layers, there are ___________________________ and

____________________________ epithelia.

Simple epithelia =

Stratified epithelia =

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Three common shapes of epithelial cells:

Squamos cells =

Cuboidal cells =

Columnar cells =

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Glandular Epithelia

Gland =

Secretion =

Glands are classified according to two sets of traits:

Endocrine Glands

Exocrine Glands

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 Unicellular Exocrine Glands

Figure 4.4 Goblet Cell (Unicellular exocrine gland)

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 Multicellular Exocrine Glands

Multicellular exocrine glands can be classified by ________________________ and by type

of ________________________________.

Figure 4.5 Types of multicellular exocrine glands.

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Figure 4.6 Chief modes of secretion in human exocrine glands.

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Connective Tissue (pp. 127136; Figs. 4.74.8; Table 4.1)

Connective tissue =

Four main classes of connective tissue:

1. _________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________

Major functions of connective tissue:

1. _____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________

Common Characteristics of Connective Tissue

Common Origin

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Degrees of Vascularity

Extracellular Matrix

Structural Elements of Connective Tissue

Three main elements:

1. _____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

Ground Substance

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Connective Tissue Fibers

Collagen fibers

Elastic Fibers

Reticular Fibers

Connective Tissue Cells

Primary Blast Cell Types:

1)

2)

3)

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Additional cell types:

Fat Cells:

White Blood Cells:

Mast Cells:

Macrophages:

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Table 4.1 Comparison of Classes of Connective Tissues

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Types of Connective Tissue

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Muscle Tissue (pp. 136139; Fig. 4.9)

Muscle Tissues =

Myofilaments

Three kinds of muscle tissue:

1. _______________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________

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Nervous Tissue (p. 140; Fig. 4.10)

Nervous Tissue =

Neurons

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