B.

Specification Sheet for Rotary Drum Filter

Specification Sheet

IDENTIFICATION
Name of Equipment Rotary Drum Filter
Equipment Model Krauss-Maffei TSF Drum Filter
Equipment Code F3
Equipment Type Continuous Vaccum Filter
Number Required 1 unit
BASIC DESIGN DATA
To separate the cell mass and other solids from
Function
the fermented medium
Temperature 25-30C
Pressure Drop 198,675 Pa
Calcium Lactate, Cell Mass, Calcium
Materials Handled Carbonate, Sodium Carbonate, Calcium
Sulfate, Residual sugars and Water
MATERIAL PROPERTY
Specific Cake Resistance 6.02 109 /
Volume of Filtrate Collected 5.85 m3/day
Viscosity of Filtrate 8.5 10-4 Pa-s
Density of Filtrate 1,039.61 kg/m3
FILTER DESIGN
Pre-coat Diatomaceous Earth Filter Aids
Fractional Submergence 0.30
Total Filter Area 33 m2
Submerged Filter Area 9.9 m2
Drum Diameter 2.62 m
Drum Length 6.4 m
Rotational Speed 0.58 rpm
Material of Construction
Drum SS316
Vat/Trough SS316
Vacuum Receiver SS316
Filter Medium Polypropylene
Power Requirement 75 hp

312
Assumptions

1. Four batches per day

2. Filter medium resistance is negligible
3. Efficiency of vacuum pump is 80%
4. Scraper discharge is used

Design Equations

For Constant Pressure

Filtration Time:

=
( )

Where:

= Volume of Filtrate, m3

= Area, m2

= Pressure drop, Pa
Pas
= Cake constant, m2

Cake Constant:

=

Where:

= Specific cake resistance

= mass ratio of dry cake to filtrate

kg
= density of filtrate, m3

= Viscosity of Filtrate, Pa s

Reference: Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, McCabe and Smith

313
Rotational Speed:

=

Where:

= Filtration time

= fraction submenrge

= rotational speed

Mass Ratio of dry cake to filtrate

=

Reference: Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, McCabe and Smith

Volume Specific Surface, So

=

Where:

= volume mean diameter

Permeability, K

=
()
Where:

= volume specific curface

= Porosity

314
Porosity,

Specific Cake Resistance

=
()
Where:
= specific cake resistance
= Permeability, m2
kg
= Density,
m3
= Porosity

Reference: Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, Brown

Power Requirement

=
.

Where:

= power output in kilo watts

= total dynamic head, Pa
m3
= capacity, hr

Reference: Perrys Chemical Engineers Handbook, 8th Ed.

315
Detailed Design Calculations

From Material Balance

Table 1: Input to the Rotary Filter

Component Mass (kg/day) Density (kg/m3) Volume (m3)

Calcium Lactate 576.83 1,490.00 0.3871
Water 5,395.31 1,000.00 5.3953
CaCO3 7.44 2,710.00 0.0027
Na2CO3 6.14 2,540.00 0.0024
Cell Mass 3.2329 600.00 0.0037
CaSO4 7.88 2,320.00 0.0033
Glucose 97.55 1,540.00 0.0633
Total 6,094.38 5.8578

Table 2: Filtrate

Component Mass (kg/day) Density (kg/m3) Volume (m3)

Calcium Lactate 576.74 1,490.00 0.3871
Water 5,394.48 1,000.00 5.3945
Na2CO3 6.14 2,540.00 0.0024
CaCO3 6.84 2,710.00 0.0027
Glucose 97.54 1,540.00 0.0633
Total 6,081.74 5.8500

Table 3: Cake Discharge

Component Mass (kg/day) Density (kg/m3) Volume (m3)

Calcium Lactate 0.08 1,490.00 0.0000537
Water 0.82 1,000.00 0.00080
Cell Mass 3.23 600.00 0.0054
CaSO4 7.88 2,320.00 0.0034
Glucose 0.01 1,540.00 0.0000065
CaCO3 0.59 2,710.00 0.00022
Total 12.64 0.00988

316
Density of the filtrate:

massFiltrate
Filtrate =
volumeFiltrate

6,081.74 kg
Filtrate = = 1,039.61 3
5.85 m

Pressure Drop():

From Krauss-Maffei TSF Drum Filter Brochure, the standard operating pressure is 3 bar.

PStandard = 3 bar 3 105 Pa

The inlet pressure from the batch rotary drum filter is 1 101,325

P = PStandard PInlet

P = 3 105 Pa 101,325 Pa

P = 198,675 Pa

Viscosity of the Filtrate:

Viscosity of the filtrate used is from viscosity of water at 30oC since the filtrate is mostly
composed of water

= 0.85 8.5 104

Reference: Figure 2-32, Perrys Chemical Engineers Handbook, 8th Ed.

317
Submergence of the Rotary Drum Filter:

Assumption: Scraper Discharge is used

The maximum effective submergence for Rotary Drum Filter:

% Submergence = 30 %

Fractional Submergence = 0.30

Reference: Table 11-14a, Chemical Process Equipment by Couper, Penny, Fair and Walas, 3rd
Ed.

Specific Cake Resistance():

1
=
(1 )

Porosity,

Wet Cake:

volume of void space

=
volume of cake

(volumeLiquid )
Wet Cake
=
volume of cake

Table 4: Liquid in Cake

Component Mass (kg/day) Density (kg/m3) Volume (m3/day)

Calcium Lactate 0.088633883 1,490.00 5.94858E-05
Glucose 0.014989482 1,540.00 9.73343E-06
Water 0.829028108 1,000.00 0.000829028
Na2CO3 0.000943448 2,540.00 3.71436E-07
CaCO3 0.595008537 2,710.00 0.00021956
Total 1.528603458 0.001118179

From Table 3: Cake Discharge,

318
 Component Mass Density Volume (m3)
CaSO4 7.877676111 2,320.00 0.00339555
Cell Mass 3.232877591 600.00 0.005388129
Total 11.1105537 0.008783679

0.001118179 m3
=
0.008783679 m3
= 0.1273

Density of solids:

total mass of solids

s =
total volume of solids

Table 5: Solid in Cake

Component Mass Density Volume (m3)

CaSO4 7.877676111 2,320.00 0.00339555
Cell Mass 3.232877591 600.00 0.005388129
Total 11.1105537 0.008783679

kg
11.1105537
day
s =
m3
0.008783679
day
kg
s = 1,264.908843 m3

Volume Specific Surface, So

6
So =
xv

From Filtration: Equipment Selection, Modeling and Process Simulation, the typical
particle size diameter of rotary drum filter is up to 100 micrometers which fits the
particle size range of 10 to 300 micrometers in YU Vacuum drum filter.

319
 6
So =
100 x106 m
So = 60,000/m

Solving for Permeability, K

3
k=
5(1 )2 So 2

(0.1273)3
k=
60,000 2
5(1 0.1273)2 ( m )

k = 1.5048 1013 m2

Substituting the given values for Specific Cake Resistance,

1
=
(1.5048 1013 m2 )(1,264.91 kg/m3)(1 0.1273)

m
= 6.02 109
kg

Mass Ratio of Dry Cake to Filtrate

dry cake
r= filtrate

11.11055 kg
r=
6074.9 kg

r = 0.00183

Calculation

r
Cv =
2

320
 9 m kg 4
(6.02 10 ) (0.00183) (1,264.91 3 ) (8.5 10 Pa s)
kg m
Cv =
2

6 Pa s
Cv = 5.92 10
m2

Constant Pressure Filtration (CPF) with negligible filter media resistance for Rotary
Drum Filter,

=
( )

V = 5.85 m3

6 Pa s
Cv = 5.92 10
m2

P = 198,675 Pa

First Assumption:

From Krauss-Maffei TSF Drum Filter Brochure,with active filtering area of 33 m2,

=
( )

Pa s
(5.92 106 ) (5.85 m3 )
= m2
(33m2 ) (198,675 Pa)

= 30.901 s = 0.515 mins

Second Assumption:

From Krauss-Maffei TSF Drum Filter Brochure,with active filtering area of 60 m2,

=
( )

321
 Pa s
(5.92 106 ) (5.85 m3 )
= m2
(60m2 ) (198,675 Pa)

= 16.9957 s = 0.2832 mins

Third Assumption:

From Krauss-Maffei TSF Drum Filter Brochure,with active filtering area of 75 m2,

=
( )

Pa s
(5.92 106 ) (5.85 m3 )
= m2
(75m2 ) (198,675 Pa)

= 13.6 s = 0.227 mins

Rotational Speed, n

f
t=
n

f
n=
t

First Assumption:

0.3
n=
0.515

rev
n = 0.5825
min

Second Assumption:

0.3
n=
0.2832

rev
n = 1.06
min

322
Third Assumption:

0.3
n=
0.227

= .

From Krass Maffei TSF/TDF drum filter brochure, the drive speed ranges from 0.1 to 3
rpm, all assumptions are within the acceptable range, from 0.1 to 3.0 rpm. Furthermore,
the calculated filtration time in approximately 0.5 minute gives the best result between
the three assumptions made.

From Krass Maffei TSF/TDF drum filter brochure type TSF 26.2 the dimensions for a
filtration area of 33 m2 are:

Diameter of the drum= 2.62 m

Effective Drum Length= 1.048 m

Dimensions of the Rotary Drum:

Length= 6.4 m

Width= 4.1 m

Height= 4 m

Precoat

Assumption: FW-14 Diatomaceous Earth Pre-coat (Ref: Analysis, Synthesis and Design of
Chemical Processes 3rd Edition)

From the Rotary Vacuum Precoat Filter Celatom filter aids brochure, Precoat addition and
curring time for 5% to 10% slurry concentration range are 20 minutes and 15minutes,
respectively.

323
Power Requirement, kW

HQ
kW =
3.599 106

Capacity, Q

Based on per batch operation:

VF
Q=
tF

VF 5.85 m3
Q= =
t F 0.515 min

m3
Q = 11.3592
min

m3
Q = 681.55
hr

Total Dynamic Head, H

H = PDischarge PInlet

Pressure inlet to the rotary drum filter is 1 atm= 101,325 Pa

H = 3 105 Pa 101,325 Pa

H = 198,675 Pa

Power in Discharge, PowerOut

m3
(681.55 ) (198,675 Pa)
hr
PowerOut =
3.599 106

PowerOut = 37.62 kW

324
Table 7: Typical performances of Pump

Max head Max P Max T Efficiency

Type Style Capacity
(ft) (psi) (oF) (%)
(gpm)
Centrifugal
Slurry 1000 394 600 852 20-80
Pump
Reference: Table 7.2, Chemical Process Equipment by Couper, Penny, Walas and Fair, 3rd Ed.

Assumption: Efficiency of the pump is 80 % (using the maximum efficiency of the pump)

PowerOut
PIn =
efficiency

37.62 kW
PIn =
0.8

PIn = 47.03 kW

PIn = 63.07 hp

Table 8: Standard Electric Motor Sizes

HORSEPOWER
1/20, 1/12, 1/8, 1/6, , 1/3, , 1, 1-1/2, 2, 3, 5, 7-1/2, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60,
75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000,
1250, 1500, 1750, 2250, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, and up to 30,000
Reference: Chemical Process Engineering Design and Economics by Silla

The calculated power requirement is 63.07 hp hence, the standard electric motor size of
75 hp will be used.

325
Material of Construction

Drum and Vat/ Trough

Among three types of wrought material of ferrous metals and alloys, Stainless
Steels are the most popular in the process industries because they are heat and corrosion
resistant, noncontaminating and easily fabricated. Hence, stainless steel will be used for
material of construction since the slurry contains organic, base and water. With the four
types of stainless steel, austenitic steel is the most corrosion-resistant, ductile and tough.
Therefore, Standard Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI type 316 will be used in the
rotary drum filter.

Reference: Section 25, Perrys Chemical Engineers Handbook, 8th Ed.

Filter Medium

Table 9: Comparative Properties of Filter Media Fabrics

Maximum
Strong Weak Elongation Resistance to
Type Temperature
Alkalis Alkalis break % Moist Heat
(oC)
Polypropylene G E 90-100 35 F
E=Excellent G=Good F=Fair

Reference: Table 2.4, Chemical Process Equipment by Couper, Penny, Walas and Fair, 3rd Ed.

Table 10: Typical Application for Filter Fabrics

Maximum
Material Suitable for Principal Advantage
Temperature (oC)
Acids, alkalis,
solvents (except
Low Moisture
Polypropylene chlorinated 130
Adsorption
hydrocarbons and
aromatics)
Reference: Table 2.5, Chemical Process Equipment by Couper, Penny, Walas and Fair, 3rd Ed.

326
 The Filtrate contains base, organic and water therefore, Polypropylene will be
used as the material for filter medium in rotary drum filter since it is suitable in alkalis
and solvents except chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatics and the maximum
temperature fits the equipments operating temperature of 30 degree Celsius.

327