Optus U900 Layering Strategy V1 0

Optus U900 Layering Strategy
V1.0
Wilson Zheng
18.05.2011
Confidental
1 Nokia Siemens Networks
Agenda
Layering strategy overview

Strategy in cell reselection
Strategy in Dedicated Mode
Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
U900 capable handset trending in Optus
According to latest Optus Top 100 Handset statistics, the number of U900
Capable 3G Handset has overtaken U2100 and 2G only handset in the
network.
U900 capable Phones are continuously growing, 63.5% of 3G capable in total
top100 handsets in April.
Handset Count Trend from Top 100 Phones
2G U2100 U900
2.5
Optus top 100 Handset report (April 2011)
Handset Type Count Percentage Percentage in 3G
2.0
U900 Capable 2.37M 42.3% 63.5%
Millions Unit
U2100 Only 1.36M 24.3% 36.5%

1.5 2G Only 1.87M 33.4% N/A
Total 5.6M 100.0% 100.0%
1.0
0.5
0.0
Oct-10 Nov-10 Dec-10 Jan-11 Feb-11 Mar-11 Apr-11
From <Optus Handset report April>
Confidental
U900 propagation loss advantage
U900 Layer will be deployed as a contiguous layer in Optus Metro area.
U900 has 7.1dB gain compared to U2100 from free space propagation loss
point of view, which gives U900 a significant coverage advantage against the
existing U2100 layer. It is expected that the traffic load balancing between U900
and U2100 is challenging, as the large penetration of U900 handsets could
overload U900 layer easily.
Confidental
Layering Strategy Objective
To ensure seamless interworking between all frequency bands and layers that
maintains end user quality of experience
To keep U900 capable UEs camping on U900 most of the time
To avoid majority of the attempts (RRC and capacity requests) blocking U900
layer due to the coverage advantage, the idle mode balancing should be
properly done between U900 and U2100.
To use G900 only in case absolutely needed (i.e. neither U900 nor U2100
coverage available)
To actively push UEs from U900 to U2100 when U2100 coverage is good
enough to offload U900 traffic to U2100 ( more carriers).
To direct UEs to optimal layer by introducing Multi-Band Load Balancing
feature, based on UE capability, requested service, load, path loss and UE
speed triggers.
Confidental
Multi Band Load Balancing (MBLB) Feature Higher layer
U2100
? U2100
Objective is to direct UEs to optimal layer based on U2100
operator strategy with more triggers supported. U2100
U900
There are 3 phases to the MBLB feature operation:
G900
lower layer
Triggering Event Selection of the Best Frequency / Cell

RB setup Service for the UE
Directs new calls to correct layer Prefer a layer for AMR, Streaming, NRT, or
AMR+NRT.
Triggers blind HO without measurements
Transition to Cell_DCH UE capability (freq band, HSPA, MIMO & Dual-
Cell capability)
Re-checks whether current layer is still
optimal (e.g. varying load) Direct e.g. MIMO UEs to MIMO layer
Executing
Triggers radio bearer reconfiguration to Load balancing between the source & target the
new layer cells
Handover
Inactivity period during Cell_DCH Balance the traffic by avoiding currently loaded cells
For inactive user a CM based HO comes Signal strength of the target cell (RSCP)
with no capacity / user experience impact Prefer U900 for far away UEs and U2100 for close
Triggers measurement based HO by UEs to avoid target cells with weak coverage
Entering new cell UE speed estimation

Ensures optimal layer for UEs with long Avoid frequent HOs by moving UE to umbrella layer
Cell_DCH allocation This criteria is valid only for inactivity and entering
Triggers measurement based HO new cell triggers (UE speed is determined from
rotation speed of active set cells)
Confidental
MBLB Feature Availability
Most functions of MBLB feature is supported in RU30. In RU20ontop, partial
functions of MBLB feature are implemented in feature RAN2289 Blind IFHO in
RAB Setup phase which is illustrated below
RAN2172: Multi-Band Load Balancing Feature Availability
An interim layering strategy using the existing RU20 and RU20ontop features is
required before full MBLB feature functionality becomes available in RU30.
Confidental
Layering solutions
The layering solutions to better manage the load sharing can be applied in both
Idle and Connected Mode states, as presented below.
State Mechanism Without MBLB With MBLB

Idle Mode, Cell-
Normal idle mode power offsets
Cell_PCH/U reselection
SIB4 cell reselection parameters
RA_PCH
Directed RRC Connection
Cell_FACH Directed RRC Connection
Setup 1
to Cell_DCH Re-direction Setup
Enhanced Directed RRC
(Dedicated Multi-Band Load Balancing
Connection Setup 1
Mode) (MBLB)
Common Channel Layering 1
HSPA Capability based Multi-Band Load Balancing
Handover 1 (MBLB)
Cell_DCH Blind IFHO in RAB Setup Periodical HSPA Capability
(Dedicated Phase 2 based Handover
Handover
Mode) Load and Service based Inter-Frequency Handover
Load and Service based Inter-System Handover
Coverage and quality based Inter-Frequency Handover
Coverage and quality based Inter-System Handover
1 : These features only works for same layer, which is U2100 layers only in Optus case. Enhanced DRRC
and HSPA CCH Layering will be deactivated when MBLB of same triggering is enabled.
2: RAN2289 Blind IFHO in RAB Setup phase is in RU20ontop and is also referred as partial MBLB
Confidental
implementation.
Layering strategy without MBLB feature
In idle mode the control of UEs is the same as with MBLB. The extra 3dB
HSDPA maximum allocation power reduction on U2100 access layer can be
considered to favour the cell reselection from U900 to U2100 access layer.
Load and service based IFHO is used for non HSPA calls and periodical/event
triggered HSPA capability based HO is used for HSPA calls. Without MBLB, the
Blind IFHO in RAB Setup Phase feature will work for RAB setup, but the cell
load is not included in the trigger.
Without MBLB it is not possible to use load weighting to control the priorities
between U900 and U2100 in RAB setup, State transition to Cell_DCH, inactivity
and Mobility in Cell_DCH. The load balancing can only be done between carriers
within U2100 using existing features such as (Enhanced) DRRC and Common
Channel Layering, i.e. no similar functionality can be supported for balancing
between U900 and U2100 layers.
Confidental
Agenda

Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
Cell reselection strategy (U900->U2100)
To keep U900 capable UEs camping on U900 most of the time, but the biggest challenge is meanwhile
to avoid majority of the attempts (RRC and capacity requests) blocking U900 layer.
By reducing 3dB from Maximum allowed HSDPA power on U2100 access layer, to balance the UE idle
mode camping. Negative ADJIQoffset could be set if U900 load sharing is not enough, while the delta of
R-criterion should not be larger than 7dB in order to secure indoor coverage in CBD area.
SIB4 activation is to speed up data users to move to U2100 quickly to offload the potential high RACH
load on U900 layer.
SIB4Indicator = 1 (broadcasted)
SintrasearchConn = Sintrasearch = 12dB
SintersearchConn = Sintersearch = 10dB
U900
Ssearch_RATConn = Ssearch_RAT = 2dB
U900 UE in G900 will be
Qhyst1FACH = 0dB pushed to U900 all the time,
Qhyst1PCH = 2dB same strategy as now in U2100
Qhyst2FACH = 0dB
Qhyst2PCH = 0dB
TreselectionPCH = Treselection = 1s
TreselectionFACH = 1s only to continuous U2100 layer
PtxMaxHSDPA = 40dBm (20W cell) U2100 Access Layer F1/F2

AdjiQqualmin = -18dB
AdjiQrexlevmin = -115dBm
AdjiQoffset1 = 0dB (-2-4dB for further tuning)
AdjiQoffset2 = 0dB (-2-4dB for further tuning)
GSM only as a backup in case
U2100 layer and U900 layer have
no coverage
Confidental GSM900
Cell reselection strategy (U2100->U900)
The main purpose is to control the close to site UEs on U2100 access layer, but meanwhile not to stop
UE to reselect U900 layer when U2100 layer coverage becomes poor in areas like In-building, i.e. the
maximum compensation for U2100 should not exceed the propagation gain of U900, e.g. RSCP delta
should not be larger than 7dB.
The cell reselection in Cell_PCH/URA_PCH mode is more aggressively set compared to idle mode, the
intension is to prevent data users to move to U900 layer which is the best layer for CS service, i.e.
speech.
This strategy could be even more aggressively set to further stop UE to camp on U900 if the RACH load
in U900 is still too high.
The SIB4 parameter further reduces the cell reselection between carriers within U2100 layer, which has
been used to reduce the state transitions and also HSPA setup UE failures, so SIB4 is also
recommended to be activated on F3/F4.
AdjiQqualmin = -14dB
AdjiQrexlevmin = -105dBm
U900 AdjiQoffset1 = 4dB
AdjiQoffset2 = 2dB
SIB4Indicator = 1 (broadcasted)
SintrasearchConn = Sintrasearch = 10dB
SintersearchConn = Sintersearch = 8dB
Ssearch_RATConn = Ssearch_RAT = 2dB
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 Qhyst1FACH = 4dB
Qhyst1PCH = 4dB
Qhyst2FACH = 4dB
Qhyst2PCH = 4dB
TreselectionPCH = Treselection = 3s
Confidental
TreselectionFACH = 3s
Agenda

Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
Dedicated mode strategy
The following features are recommended to be used in dedicated mode:
Between U2100 Layers: (Follow existing Optus strategy)
Directed RRC Connection Setup
Enhanced Directed RRC Connection Setup
Common Channel Layering
Load and Service based Handover
Coverage and quality based Handover
Between U900 and U2100:
HSPA Capability based Handover (periodical/event)
Blind IFHO in RAB Setup Phase
Load and Service based Handover (only works for non-HSDPA)
Coverage and quality based Handover
Between G900 and U900/U2100:
No dedicated mode mobility is defined (no HO support) from GSM to UMTS.
Confidental
Dedicated mode strategy (cont.)
Without MBLB it is not possible to use load weighting to control the priorities
between U900 and U2100 in transition to Cell_DCH. The load balancing can only
be done between carriers within U2100 using existing features such as (Enhanced)
DRRC and Common Channel Layering.
The detailed handover features and strategies are defined in the following slides.
Confidental
Agenda

U900->U2100->G900
U2100->U900
U2100<->U2100
Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
HSPA Capability Based HO (U900->U2100)
Both periodical and event trigger HSPA capability handovers are activated to move
U900 HSPA handsets to U2100 contiguous layer faster. The 1st target set to the
lowest HSPA loaded layer is to ensure better handover success rate. To leave
U2100 layering to balance the load between U2100 carriers.
HSPACapaHO = 3 Inactivity Detection
HSCapabilityHOPeriod = 5s MACdflowutilRelThr = 256bps
MACdflowutilTimetoTrigger = 0s
U900 HSCAHORabCombSupport = 1
MACdflowthroughputRelThr = 0bps
Only PS I/B Services allowed MACdflowthroughputTimetoTrigger = 5s
to be handed over using EDCHMACdFlowThroughputRelThr = 256bps
HSPA capability based HO
EDCHMACdFlowThroughputTimetoTrigger = 2s
DCHUtilRelThrUL = 256bps
DCHUtilRelTimeToTrigger = 200ms
1st
InactivityTimerUplinkDCH128 = 2s
target
ADJI/HOPI InactivityTimerUplinkDCH16 = 3s
AdjiPriorityHSCAHO = 7 InactivityTimerUplinkDCH256 = 2s
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 AdjiNCHOHSPASupport = 1 InactivityTimerUplinkDCH32 = 3s
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 3s
Lowest HSPA loaded U2100 layer based on AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -90dBm
U2100 HSPA load sharing AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -10dB
2nd
target ADJI/HOPI
U2100 F3 or F4 AdjiPriorityHSCAHO = 5
AdjiNCHOHSPASupport = 1
Main HSPA layer and AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s
secondary R99 layer AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -90dBm
Confidental
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -10dB
Blind IFHO in RAB Setup Phase(U900->U2100)
Only one target cell can be defined for blind IFHO, so only U2100 access layer
F1/F2 (contiguous layer) is recommended for handover target layer.
MBLBRABSetupEnabled=1
MBLBRABSetupMultiRAB = 3
U900 BlindHORSCPThrTarget = -85dBm
BlindHOEcNoThrTarget = -10dB
RACHInterFreqMesQuant = 1 (RSCP)
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 ADJI/HOPI

BlindHOTargetCell = 1
BlindHORSCPThr = -92dBm
Only contiguous U2100 layer is allowed
for handover
Confidental
Non-HSPA Load and Service Based HO (U900->U2100->G900)
Load and service based HO works for RT and NRT services, the thresholds are
slightly more easier to trigger compared to current Optus U2100 setting, in order to
offload U900 load faster upon congestion.
LHOPwrOffsetDL = - 0.5 dB LHOWinSizeONHardBlocking= 10s
LHOHardBlockingRatio = 30% LHOWinSizeONInterference = 10s
LHOResRateSC = 70% LHOWinSizeONResRateSC =10 s
U900
LHONumbUEInterFreq = 2 (3-4 for further tuning)
LHONumbUEInterRAT = 0 (2 when neighbor defined)
1st
target
HOPI
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 AdjiPrioritySLHO= 7
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 3s
RT Lowest HSPA loaded U2100 layer AdjiPlossMargin = -7dB
service AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -95dBm
only 2nd AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB
target
HOPI
U2100 F3 or F4 AdjiPrioritySLHO= 5
Main HSPA layer and AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s
secondary R99 layer AdjiPlossMargin = -7dB
AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -95dBm
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB
HOPG
GSM900 AdjgMinRxLevNCHO = -95dBm
If Coverage and Quality Based inter frequency HO fails then back up to G900
macro in case U2100 layer and U900 layer have no coverage
Confidental
NRT/HSPA Coverage & Quality Based HO (U900->U2100)
NRT/HSPA traffic is more important to be offloaded from U900, compared to RT
service. The parameterization on NRT/HSDPA is more aggressive than RT service.
FMCS FMCI
HHoRscpThreshold = -100dBm IFHOcauseCPICHrscp = 1 (enabled)
HHoRscpTimeHysteresis = 100ms IFHOcauseCPICHEcNo = 1 (enabled)
HHoRscpCancel = -97dBm
U900 HHoRscpFilterCoefficient = 0
HHoEcNoThreshold = -13dB
HHoEcNoCancel = -10dB
EcNoFilterCoefficient = 0
ADJI/HOPI
AdjiMinEcNo = -14dB
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 AdjiPlossMargin = -7dB
AdjiMinRSCP = - 102dBm
Coverage and Quality Based inter frequency AdjiEcNoMargin = 1dB
HO only to continuous U2100 layer
G900
GSM900
NRT/HSDPA handover to 2G is not

allowed , following current Optus strategy.
Confidental
RT Coverage & Quality Based HO (U900->U2100->G900)
Similar parameterization is kept as the existing U2100 layering strategy for IFHO in
Optus.
FMCS FMCG
HHoRscpThreshold = -105dBm GSMcauseCPICHrscp = 1 (enabled)
U900 HHoRscpTimeHysteresis = 100ms GSMcauseCPICHEcNo = 1 (enabled)
FMCI HHoRscpCancel = -102dBm ISHOClcauseCPICHEcNo = 1 (enabled)
IFHOcauseCPICHrscp = 1 (enabled) HHoRscpFilterCoefficient = 0 ISHOClcauseCPICHrscp = 1 (enabled)
IFHOcauseCPICHEcNo = 1 (enabled) HHoEcNoThreshold = -15dB MaxNumISHOClPerAS = 2
ADJI/HOPI
AdjiMinEcNo = -13dB
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 AdjiPlossMargin = -7dB
AdjiMinRSCP = - 100dBm
AdjiEcNoMargin = 1dB
Coverage and Quality Based inter
frequency HO only to continuous
U2100 layer
G900 G900 HOPG

GSM900 AdjgRxLevMinHO = -95dBm
If Coverage and Quality Based inter frequency HO fails then back up to

G900 macro in case U2100 layer and U900 layer have no coverage
Confidental
Agenda

U900->U2100->G900
U2100->U900
U2100<->U2100
Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
Non-HSPA Load and Service Based HO (U2100->U900)
Load and service based HO is supported to handover from U2100 to U900, the
trigger thresholds are set as same as the current Optus U2100 setting.
NRT traffic is not encouraged to handover to U900 layer.
RT HOPI NRT HOPI

AdjiPrioritySLHO= 0 AdjiPrioritySLHO= 0
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 15s
AdjiPlossMargin = 0dB AdjiPlossMargin = 0dB
U900 AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -105dBm AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -105dBm
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -10dB
LHOPwrOffsetDL = - 0.5 dB
LHOHardBlockingRatio = 50%
U2100 Access Layer F1/F2
LHOResRateSC = 80%
LHONumbUEInterFreq = 2
Only to U2100 Access layer F1/F2 is allowed to LHOWinSizeONHardBlocking= 15s
handover to U900 layer LHOWinSizeONInterference = 15s
LHOWinSizeONResRateSC =15s
Confidental
Coverage & Quality Based HO (U2100->U900)
Load and service based HO is supported to handover from U2100 to U900, the
trigger thresholds are set as same as the current Optus U2100 setting.
NRT/HSPA traffic is not encouraged to handover to U900 layer.
RT HOPI NRT HOPI

AdjiPrioritySLHO= 0 AdjiPrioritySLHO= 0
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 15s
U900 AdjiPlossMargin = 0dB
AdjiPlossMargin = 0dB
AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -105dBm AdjiMinRscpNCHO = -105dBm
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -10dB
FMCS
FMCI HHoRscpThreshold = -105dBm
IFHOcauseCPICHrscp = 1 (enabled) U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 HHoRscpTimeHysteresis = 100ms
IFHOcauseCPICHEcNo = 1 (enabled) HHoRscpCancel = -102dBm
HHoRscpFilterCoefficient = 0
Only U2100 Access layer F1/F2 is allowed to
HHoEcNoThreshold = -15dB
handover to U900 layer
Confidental
Agenda

U900->U2100->G900
U2100->U900
U2100<->U2100
Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
U2100->U2100
No change required on the existing Optus U2100 layering strategy.
Confidental
Agenda

Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
Neighbor relationship
Only the following specified neighbour and handover relationships need to be defined to
support the this layering strategy:
3G -> 2G:
U2100->G900 Neighbour is defined on all layers, U900->G900 is only defined when
UMTS coverage runs out.
U2100-> G900 voice handover is allowed for all U2100 layers, U900->G900 voice
handover is disabled, except UMTS coverage border.
2G -> 3G:
G900 ->3G Neighbour is defined for U2100 access layer F1/F2 and U900 layer.
G900 ->3G Handover is disabled due to the known voice drop call rate degradation.
3G -> 3G:
SHO is allowed within U2100 and U900 layers, so ADJS neighbours are defined within
each UMTS layers.
U2100 layer neighbour relationship (Optus existing strategy):
F2/F3/F4->F1 (F1->F2/F3/F4 and F2->F3/F4 disabled)
F3/F4->F2 is prioritised against F3/F4->F1.
No neighbours F3 <->F4
U2100 layer handover (Optus existing strategy):
F2/F3/F4->F1 and F3/F4->F2 handovers are allowed.
F3/F4->F2 is prioritised against F3/F4->F1.
Confidental
28
No handovers F3 <->F4
Nokia Siemens Networks
Neighbor relationship (cont.)
3G -> 3G (continued):
U2100 and U900 neighbour relationship
U2100 access layer F1/F2 -> U900, F3/F4->U900 is not allowed.
U900 -> U2100 F1/F2 + F3 or F4 is defined. (SIB11 limitation needs to be
considered)
U2100 and U900 handover
U2100 access layer F1/F2 -> U900 handover allowed, but only LSBHO and
coverage and quality based handover supported.
U900 -> U2100 F1/F2 handover is defined, using LSBHO, coverage and quality
based handover , blind IFHO and HSDPA capability handover.
U900 -> U2100 F3 or F4 handover is not defined only for blind IFHO, overage
and quality based handover, but for LSBHO and HSDPA capability handover.
Confidental
Agenda

Neighbour strategy
Hardware design
Confidental
Typical U900 site hardware design
U900 site is separate from the existing U2100 site, which allows more hardware
capacity such as channel element licensing and simultaneous radio links.
Typical U900 site hardware design is depicted as follows.
60W Triple 1800 RF

Module (1+1+1)]
0
1 80
FXEA G
9 00
FXDA U
2* [60W Triple 900
RF Module (1+1+1)] 9 00
FXDA G
GE GE GE
Multi-Radio Flexi - FSME

System Module
ESMB
Confidental

Optus U900 Layering Strategy V1 0

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Optus U900 Layering Strategy

Layering strategy overview

Handset Count Trend from Top 100 Phones

U2100 Only 1.36M 24.3% 36.5%

From <Optus Handset report April>

Triggering Event Selection of the Best Frequency / Cell

Entering new cell UE speed estimation

RAN2172: Multi-Band Load Balancing Feature Availability

State Mechanism Without MBLB With MBLB

Layering strategy overview

PtxMaxHSDPA = 40dBm (20W cell) U2100 Access Layer F1/F2

Layering strategy overview

Layering strategy overview

U2100 Access Layer F1/F2 ADJI/HOPI

NRT/HSDPA handover to 2G is not

G900 G900 HOPG

If Coverage and Quality Based inter frequency HO fails then back up to

Layering strategy overview

RT HOPI NRT HOPI

RT HOPI NRT HOPI

Layering strategy overview

Layering strategy overview

Layering strategy overview

60W Triple 1800 RF

Multi-Radio Flexi - FSME

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