b

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

JJ308 ENGINEERING LAB 2

PURE SUBSTANCE AND MIXTURES

NAME MATRIX NO
MUHD HASRUL BIN MANSOR 15DTP11F1010
MOHD DINIE HAFIQ BIN ADAM 15DTP11F1009

CLASS : DTP 3
GROUP : B2
SUBMITION DATE :

2
EXPERIMENT :1

TITLE : Pure Substance and Mixtures

1. OBJECTIVE : at the end of the session the student will able to;

i. Compared the difference between a pure substance and

mixture.

2. APPARATUS / MATERIALS:

Water

400ml plastic beaker

Paper towel

3
 Six black marker

Yosogo 1

Ariston 2
Faster 3

Sharpie 4

Pentel 5

BiC 6

3. INTRODUCTION / BACIS THEORY:

Pure Substances vs. Mixtures

I.Matter can be classified in to two broad categories: pure substances and mixtures.
II.Pure substances

i.Elements all the same type of atom.

ii.Compounds substances made from

two or more different kinds of atoms.

Essential element of life

4
iii.Homogeneous
Mixtures which are the same throughout with identical properties everywhere in the
mixture.
Not easily separated.
This type of mixture is called a solution. A good example would be sugar
dissolved in water or some type of metal alloy like the CROmium-
MOLYbdenum steel used in many bike frames.

iv.Heterogeneous
Mixtures which have different properties when sampled from different areas.
Examples of this would be sand mixed with water or peanuts mixed with raisins.

v.Atoms vs. Molecules

Atoms the smallest piece of matter you can have that chemists can do reactions with is an
atom. Each element has its own type of atom. How to distinguish between atoms will be
explained in a later unit.

Molecules two or more atoms bonded together with a covalent bond (more on that bond
later) is called a molecule.
If all the atoms bonded together are of the same time the molecule formed is still an element.

1. If different types of atoms are bonded together, then the molecule

formed is a compound.

A single atom a molecule a molecule

(of an element) (of an element) (of a compound)

Note: Atoms dont have a color. The colors here are used to differentiate
between kinds of atoms.

5
 2. Using molecular modeling kits create several examples of an
element, compound, and a mixture.

4. PROCEDURE :
1. Fill the plastic 400ml beaker with water 1 cm high.
2. With the one type of the marker, write the number on the left side of the paper towel.
Make sure the number is 2.5 cm above the bottom of the paper towel.
3. Repeat this step for the remaining marker;
write number 1, 2,3,4,5, and 6. As shown in Figure 1.

4. Slide the paper towel into the 400ml beaker so the

bottom of the paper towel touch the water.
Make sure the water does not directly touch the number
when you first place the paper towel in the water!. Figure 1

5. Leave the paper towel in the water. You should notice that the paper towel will soak
the water and go up the paper towel. The longer you leave the paper towel in the water.
Record your observation.

6
 5 RESULT:

First 5 minute

Second 5 minute

Third 5 minute

7
6 DATA :

Marker Yosogo Ariston Faster

Time
Substance Expand and Substance Expand to Pure -
First 5 min change up, left and Substance
color to right
yellow
Substance Expand and Substance Expand to Pure -
Second 5 min change up, left and Substance
color to right and
yellow and change
purple purple.
Substance Expand and Substance Around Pure -
Third 5 min change growing Substance
color to and change
yellow and to color
purple purple

Marker Sharpie Pentel Bic

Time
Pure - Pure - Pure -
5 min Substance Substance Substance
Pure - Pure - Substance Color
10 min Substance Substance disappeared
little
Pure - Pure - Substance Color
15 min Substance Substance disappeared
little

8
7 ANALYSIS
The activities include, for example :
Colorimetric analysis, titration, chromatography, and calorimeters as well as a
variety of observation exercise.

8 ERROR ANALYSIS
A pure substance cannot be separated into two or more substance by physical
or mechanical mean

CONCLUSION:

In this experiment we had to determine which markers were pure and which markers were
mixtures. We tested 4 different markers by righting on a paper towel and soaking it in water.
The water traveled up the paper towel and bled the marker, revealing the markers true colors.
If the color were still black it was a pure substance and if there were many colors then the
marker was a mixture. We came to the conclusion that a pure substance is a substance that is
made out of one pure material. A mixture is a combination of different materials

9
 1. Define the following material and description whether the material is a pure substance
or mixture?
Material Description Pure
substance/mixture?
Charcoal Does not separate into different substances pure substance
when melted
Salt water Separates into salt and water when it is boiled Mixture
Air Separates into different gases (nitrogen, Mixture
oxygen, hydrogen)
Aluminum When heated aluminum does not separate into pure substance
different substances
Paper When cut, separates into smaller pieces of pure substance
paper
Brass Separates into different metals Mixture

10
1. Find three examples of a pure substance and get an image for each one.

Pure substance Image of pure substance

Example 1:
Gold

Example 2:

Diamond

Example 3:

Steel

8 REFERENCES/BACKGROUND SOURCES:

Pure substance is a substance in which they are only one type of practice.
Mixture is a combination of two or more substance that is not chemical.

11