2nd International IRE-KICT Workshop

Advanced Technology of Concrete Pavement

December 17, 2013

Sung-IL Jeon, Senior Researcher

Highway Pavement Research Division

SOC Research Institute
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CONTENTS
1. Introduction

2. New Construction

3. Pavement Rehabilitation

4. Future Technology

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1. Introduction [R&D[]
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1 Long Life Concrete Pavement

40+ years of service

No premature construction or material-related distresses

Reduced or minimal cracking, faulting, spalling, punchouts

Smoothness maintained

Texture maintained

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1. Introduction [R&D[]
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2 Concrete Pavement

New Construction New Construction Pavement

-Pavement -Bridge Deck Overlay Rehabilitation

Conventional Type New Material New Material

- JPCP, JRCP - Latex Modified Concrete - VES-LMC
- CRCP - High Performance Concrete - Smart-Con
New Type - CF-Ultra Fine Concrete - RS-Ultra Fine Concrete
- PTCP, MRCP (developed by KICT) (developed by KICT)
- Precast

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 [R&D ]

CONTENTS
1. Introduction

2. New Construction

3. Pavement Rehabilitation

4. Future Technology

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
]

1 Conventional Type

JPCP (joint plain concrete pavement)

JRCP (joint reinforced concrete pavement)

CRCP (continuously reinforced pavement)

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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2 New Type - PTCP

Post-Tensioned Concrete Pavement

Layer Thickness : 15cm

Joint Spacing : 120m
Concrete Property
- Strength : 21 MPa(3d), 40MPa(28d)
- Permeability(RCPT) : less than 1,000 Coulomb
*Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT)

- Freeze-Thaw(Relative Modulus) : more than 80%

PTCP Design
Steel Wire Number of Tension
Spacing Steel Wire Stress(P)
Longitudinal
0.6m 14 1.88MPa
Tension
Transverse
3m 40 0.402MPa
Tension

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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3 New Type - MRCP

Mechanical-Placement Reinforced Concrete Pavement

Compatible with CRCP Design

Automatic installation of longitudinal steel
Steel ratio 0.6~0.7%
No transverse steel
An effective alternative to reduce material cost
Use a coupler instead of lap joint for connection
Use ordinary concrete mixtures

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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4 Bridge Deck Overlay

Why is concrete applied to bridge deck overlay?

Asphalt Pavement
Rain water +Chloride
-Unreliable waterproof
-Early failure

Interfacial Zone

-Low bond strength

-Early failure of
waterproof layer

RC Slab

-Steel corrosion
-Concrete deterioration
-Reduction of performance
life of bridge
-Increase of
maintenance expense

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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4 Bridge Deck Overlay

Construction Procedure
1. Surface preparation 2. Wet condition 3. Concrete Production

6. Curing 5. Concrete Placement 4. Broom Work

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4 Bridge Deck Overlay Concrete Material

LMC(latex modified concrete)
50% Water + 50% Polymer LATEX
LATEX +
(15wt% of cement)
Concrete LMC

Fresh State
Increase of workability, low bleeding, Increase of segregation resistance
Harden State
Increase of tensile strength, crack resistance, and durability

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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4 Bridge Deck Overlay Concrete Material

HPC(high performance concrete)

Silica Fume + PVA(polyvinyl alcohol) Fiber Concrete

HPC Production in Batch Plant
HPC Property
Make a dense concrete by adding silica fume
Restrain plastic shrinkage by adding PVA
Because PVA is hydrophilic, PVA is well dispersed in concrete

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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4 Bridge Deck Overlay Concrete Material

Whats the Problem of Bridge Deck Concrete Overlay?
Type of Failure : Crack, Spalling, Alkali Silica Reaction(ASR), Pop-out etc.
Crack Cause : Concrete Shrinkage
Yunping et al(2003) reported that 18% of newly constructed bridge decks in Colorado have no early cracki
ng problem, and the rest 82 % have various degrees of cracking problems in Colorado

Factors affecting shrinkage crack

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2. New Construction Pavement [R&D[]
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4 Bridge Deck Overlay Concrete Material

Crack-Free UF-Con (ultra fineconcrete) developed by KICT
Ternary Blend
Ordinary Cement + UFFA(ultra fine fly ash) + FGGBS(finely ground granulated blast)
Add an Expansion Agent to Control Shrinkage
Ultra Fine Fly Ash Autogeneous Shrinkage Restrained Shrinkage(Ring Test)

Zero Shrinkage

UFFA(ultra fine fly ash)

Typical mean particle diameter : 3
Texas DOT Specification
: Meet the requirement of a class F fly ash per ASTM C 618
: The ratio of Particle diameter below 3.25 is 50%
: The ratio of Particle diameter below 8.50 is 90%
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CONTENTS
1. Introduction

2. New Construction

3. Pavement Rehabilitation

4. Future Technology

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3. Pavement Rehabilitation [R&D[]
]

1 Partial-Depth Repair and Overlay for Pavement or Bridge Deck

Construction Method
Milling Water Jet Vacuum Suction

Concrete Production
Roller Tube Deck Finisher Screed

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3. Pavement Rehabilitation [R&D[]
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2 Repair Material
VES-LMC(very early strength-latex modified concrete)
VES cement (=rapid setting cement) + Latex
Use CSA(calcium sulfoaluminate : 3CaO 3A12O3 CaSO4) cement
Add a retarder to delay setting
Add an antifoamer to eliminate voids entrained by latex
Material Properties
Over 21MPa(compressive strength) at 4 hour
Over 1.4MPa (bond strength)
Highly Durable

Smart-Con
Smart-Con is similar to VES-LMC
Use electric arc furnace oxidizing slag for fine aggregate
Reduce 20% of application rate of cement
Reduce 55% of application rate of latex

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3. Pavement Rehabilitation [R&D[]
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2 Repair Material
Rapid-Set UF-Con (ultra fineconcrete) developed by KICT

CSA rapid setting cement + UFFA(ultra fine fly ash) + ? + Latex

Reduce hydration heat and shrinkage
Reduce the application rate of latex (about 33%)
Material Properties
Over 21MPa(compressive strength) at 4 hour
Over 1.4MPa (bond strength)
Highly durable

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 [R&D ]

CONTENTS
1. Introduction

2. New Construction

3. Pavement Rehabilitation

4. Future Technology

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4. Future Technology [R&D[]
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1 Material

*Reduce the use of cement

*Increase the use of recycling material
*Increase the lifecycle of pavement

1) 100% fly ash concrete developed by MSU and WTI

2) Carbon negative cement developed by Novacem
3) Alkali activated cement concrete and Geopolymer developing by many other researcher
4) Rapid Set AACC developing by KICT
Mineral admixture + Alkali activator + ? + Superplasticizer + Retarder
Use no ordinary Portland cement, Reduce material cost (about 50%)
Scheduled to conduct field tests to apply AACC in the early next year

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4. Future Technology [R&D[]
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2 Conversion of Construction Method

Functional modular
As-is To-be

Field Placement Plant production, rapid construction

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Thank you for attentions !

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