Enbridge Pipeline to Ultra-clean Power Generation Project

Installation of a Turboexpander in a North American Gas

Distribution system
47th Annual CGA Gas Measurement School

Stephen Pogorski
Bob McGinnes
Enbridge Gas Distribution
June 4, 2008
 Enbridge & FuelCell Energy
- Hybrid Fuel Cell Plant
Direct FuelCell Energy Recovery Generator (DFC-
ERG)
FuelCell Energy Direct FuelCell (Electrochemical)
Cryostar Turboexpander (Energy Recovery Generator)

Integration of two proven low-carbon technologies for

greater environmental benefits
recovers pressure energy normally wasted & converts this into
electricity using turboexpander generator
Integration of fuel cell more than doubles quantity of low-carbon
electricity & eliminates pipeline combustion emissions
 Holding the Power of a Megawatt
in Your Hands

A leading example of
energy solutions of
the future
One megawatt of
energy recovery from
natural gas pipelines
Electricity for over
750 homes with no
combustion or smog
emissions
1 MW Turboexpander wheel for Enbridges
Hybrid FuelCell Pilot Plant
A Look at Todays Operations Reduce Pressure but dont recover energy
in the gas stream (single purpose)
Exisiting Pressure Let Down Station

Statistics
Max 160,000 m3/hr
5.6 MMcf/hr

Avg 61,000 m3/hr

2 MMcf/hr

PR 2:1
Current Operations

Incoming gas 375 psig

Outgoing gas 175 psig

Phase 1 - Turboexpander

Incoming gas 375 psig

No combustion takes
place within the turboexpander

Outgoing gas 175 psig

Turboexpander

Phase 1
1 MW unit
26,700 rpm
Inlet pres 375 psig
Outlet pres 175 psig
Pressure ratio 2.1:1
Average Flow 60,000 m3/h
Phase 2 - Hybrid Fuel Cell Plant

Incoming gas 375 psig

Outgoing gas 175 psig

 DFC 1500 MA (1.2 MW) Direct FuelCell

10,000 MWh/y Phase 2

Large Stationary
FuelCell Energy
Molten Carbonate
1.2 MW unit
Thermal energy
from the fuel cell
can be used to
offset heat the
requirement from
the turboexpander
 Pilot Project Climate Change
and Clean air benefits*

Climate Change with 3,400+ Tonnes/year CO2 in Green House Gas Reduction

NOx fuel cell operates below the NOx formation temperature (virtually zero NOx
emissions) meets California Air Resources Board (CARB) requirements

SOx sulphur is removed from the fuel as it acts as a poison to the fuel cell so there
are virtually no SOx emissions

Particulates electricity is produced through a chemical reaction as opposed to a

combustion process that would produce particulates
What purpose does a DCF-ERG hybrid
plant serve?

DCF-ERG Hybrid plants installed at pressure let down stations can:

Capture energy in the gas stream that would otherwise be lost
Address electricity shortage issues
Reduce transmission constraint problems
Contribute to climate change reduction
Contribute to improving the air quality

Gas utilities can be incubators of this technology

Additional source of gas utility revenues
Creates a path forward for large stationary fuel cells which are an ideal
gas load to add to your system (constant annual flow rate)
Increase the environmental value proposition linked to natural gas as
this high efficiency natural gas solution has environmental attributes
similar to alternative renewable technologies
What will we learn from the demonstration?

How the system operates under field conditions

Environmental performance under field conditions

How to optimize operations and minimize maintenance issues

How to streamline the design for application at other sites

Provisions to incorporate into future pressure let down station

design in order to accommodate hybrid plants in the most cost
effective manner
Industry Partners and Project
Support
We are appreciative of Natural Resources Canadas significant support
through the TEAM Program Funding and for the support of the
Northeast Gas Association through its NYSEARCH Committee

Industry Partners
Enbridge Gas Distribution
Enbridge Inc.
FuelCell Energy
Cryostar
 Questions?