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TRABAJO COLABORATIVO 3
PRESENTADO:
TUTOR:
Grupo_100401A_288
Mayo 10 de 2016
INTRODUCCION
OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS
a) Primer ejercicio.
Solucin:
Y evaluando tenemos:
0.3587 (0.4125)
Y (1.5) = = 0.269
0.2
0.175 0.269
er = | | 100 53.71%
0.175
0.175 0.089
er = | | 100 49.14%
0.175
0.3587 (0.4303)
Y (1.5) = = 0.179
0.4
0.175 0.179
er = | | 100 2.29%
0.175
Para x = 0.1 :
0.3904 (0.4125)
Y (1.5) = = 0.221
0.1
0.175 0.221
er = | | 100 26.29%
0.175
0.4125 (0.4256)
Y (1.5) = = 0.131
0.1
0.175 0.131
er = | | 100 25.14%
0.175
0.3904 (0.4256)
Y (1.5) = = 0.176
0.2
0.175 0.176
er = | | 100 0.57%
0.175
Anlisis:
b) Segundo ejercicio:
f(x) = 0.01x 4 En x = 2
Solucin:
f(x) = 0.04x 3
La segunda derivada ser:
f(x) = 0.12x 2
Y evaluando tenemos:
Para x = 0.5 :
xi2 = 1.0 yi2 = 0.010000
xi1 = 1.5 yi1 = 0.050625
xi = 2.0 yi = 0.160000
xi+1 = 2.5 yi+1 = 0.390625
xi+2 = 3.0 yi+2 = 0.810000
0.390625 0.050625
Y (2) = = 0.34
1
0.32 0.34
er = | | 100 6.25%
0.32
0.48 0.48
er = | | 100 = 0.0%
0.48
Para x = 0.25 :
0.256289 0.093789
Y (2) = = 0.325
0.5
0.32 0.325
er = | | 100 1.56%
0.32
0.48 0.48
er = | | 100 = 0.0%
0.48
Anlisis:
1 4
3
0 2 + 1 0
= =
10 40
= =
5 5
1 4
= = 0.2 = = 0.8
5 5
0.2
1 = 0.2 (1 ) = = 0.142857
2(0.2) + 1
0.4
2 = 0.4 (2 ) = = 0.222222
2(0.4) + 1
0.6
3 = 0.6 (3 ) = = 0.272727
2(0.6) + 1
0.8
4 = 0.8 (4 ) = = 0.307692
2(0.8) + 1
1
5 = 1 (5 ) = = 0.333333
2(1) + 1
((0 ) + 2(1 ) + 2(2 ) + 2(3 ) + 2(4 ) + 2(5 ))
2
(0 + 2(0.142857) + 2(0.222222) + 2(0.272727) + 2(0.307692) + (0.333333))
2
0.2
(0 + 0.285714 + 0.444444) + 0.545454 + 0.615384 + 0.333333)
2
0.1(2.224329) = 0.2224329
1
0.2224329
0 2 + 1
((0 ) + 2(1 ) + 2(2 ) + 2(3 ) + 2(4 ) + (5 ))
2
(0 + 2(1.212016) + 2(1.993717) + 2(2.979700) + 2(4.281843) + 6.022072)
2
0.8
(2.424032 + 3.987434 + 5.9594 + 8.563686 + 6.022072)
2
0.4(26.956624) = 10.7826496
4
3
10.7826496
0
210
5. Soluciones el siguiente ejercicio utilizando la integracin de Romberg.
Usando segmentos de longitud 1, , y 1/8.
2
ln()
1
21
1 = 1 1 = [ 1 ln(1) 2 ln(2)] = 2.560851701
2
1
1 21 1
2 = 2 2 = [ 1 ln(1) + 2( 2 ln (2)) + 2 ln(2)] = 2.189010122
4
1 21 1 5 5 3 3 3 7
3 = 3 = [ ln(1) + 2 [ 4 ln ( ) + 2 ln ( ) + 4 ln ( )] + 2 ln(2)]
4 8 4 2 4
= 2.09430857
1 21 1
4 = 3 = [ ln(1)
4 16
1 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 5 5
+ 2 [ 8 ln ( ) + 8 ln ( ) + 8 ln ( ) + 2 ln ( ) + 8 ln ( )
8 8 8 2 8
1 3 7 7
+ 8 ln ( ) + 8 ln ( )] + 2 ln(2)] = 2.070524501
4 8
Ahora se usa las frmulas de Romberg para cada nivel:
Nivel 1:
4 1
(2 ) (3 )
3 3
2.560851701
4 1
(2.189010122) 3 (2.560851701) = 2.065062929
3
2.189010122
4 1
(2.09430857) 3 (2.189010122) = 2.062741386
3
2.09430857
4 1
(2.070524501) 3 (2.09430857) = 2.062596478
3
2.070524501
Nivel 2:
16 1
( ) ( )
15 15
2.065062929
16 1
(2.062741386) (2.065062929) = 2.0625866165
15 15
2.062741386
16 1
(2.062596478) (2.062741386) = 2.062586818
15 15
2.062596478
Nivel 3:
64 1
( ) ( )
63 16
2.0625866165
64 1
(2.062586818) (2.0625866165) = 1.966414627
63 16
2.062586818
2
ln() = 1.966414627
1
6. Usar el Mtodo de Euler mejorado para aproximar y (2, 3) tomando h = 0.1 dada
la ecuacin diferencial.
y=2 x+ y3 y (2) =1
X1=2+0.1=2.1
X2=2.1+0.1=2.2
u2=1.22+0.1 (2(2.1)+1.223)=1.462
1
y2=1.22+0.1 (2) [(2(2.1)+1.223)+ (2(2.2)+ (1.462) 3)]=1.4841
X3=2.2+0.1=2.3
u3=1.4841+0.1 (2(2.2)+1.48413)=1.77251
1
y3=1.4841+0.1 ( [(2(2.2)+1.48413)+ (2(2.3)+ (1.77251) 3)]=1.7969305
2
X4=2.3+0.1=2.4
u4=1.797+0.1 (2(2.3)+1.7973)=2.1367
1
y4=1.797+0.1 (2) [(2(2.3)+1.7973)+ (2(2.4)+ (2.1367) 3)]=2.1637
X5=2.4+0.1=2.5
u5=2.1637+0.1 (2(2.4)+2.16373)=2.56
1
y5=2.1637+0.1 ( ) [(2(2.4)+2.16373)+ (2(2.5)+ (2.56) 3)]=2.59
2
X6=2.5+0.1=2.6
u6=2.5+0.1 (2(2.5)+2.593)=3.5
1
y6=2.59+0.1 (2) [(2(2.5)+2.593)+ (2(2.6)+ (3.5) 3)]=3.1
X7=2.6+0.1=2.7
u7=3.1+0.1 (2(2.6)+3.13)=3.63
1
y7=3.1+0.1 ( ) [(2(2.6)+3.13)+ (2(2.7)+ (3.63) 3)]=3.66
2
X8=2.7+0.1=2.8
u8=3.66+0.1 (2(2.7)+3.663)=4.26
1
y8=3.66+0.1 ( ) [(2(2.7)+3.663)+ (2(2.8)+ (4.26) 3)]=4.3
2
X9=2.8+0.1=2.9
u9=4.3+0.1 (2(2.8)+4.33)=5
1
y9=4.3+0.1 ( ) [(2(2.8)+4.33)+ (2(2.9)+ (5) 3)]=5.035
2
X10=2.9+0.1=3
u10=5.035+0.1 (2(2.9)+5.0353)=5.8185
1
y10=5.035+0.1 ( ) [(2(2.9)+5.0353)+ (2(3)+ (5.8185) 3)]=5.8676
2
y(0.5)
y = 2xy
y(0) = 1
Resolucin:
dy Ecuacin a trabajar.
= 2xy
dx
1 Expresando en forma diferencial, para aplicar mtodo de
dy = 2xdx
y separacin de variables.
C=1 Valor de C
2
y = ex Solucin Particular.
2
y = e(0.5) Evaluando y(0.5)
1.284025
1
yi+1 = yi + h(k1 + 2k 2 + 2k 3 + k 4 )
6
Dnde:
k1 = f(x, y)
1 1
k 2 = f (x + h, y + hk1 )
2 2
1 1
k 3 = f (x + h, y + hk 2 )
2 2
k 4 = f(x + h, y + hk 3 )
Obteniendo y2 :
Valores iniciales:
i = 1, x1 = 0, y1 = 1
Obteniendo valores de k:
k1 = f(x, y) = 2(0)(1) = 0
1 1
k 2 = f (x + h, y + hk1 ) = 2[0 + 0.5(0.1)][1 + 0.5(0.1)(0)] = 2(0.05)(1) = 0.1
2 2
1 1
k 3 = f (x + h, y + hk 2 ) = 2[0 + 0.5(0.1)][1 + 0.5(0.1)(0.1)] = 2(0.05)(1.005) = 0.1005
2 2
1 1
y2 = 1 + (0.1)[0 + 2(0.1) + 2(0.1005) + 0.20201] = 1 + (0.60301) 1.010050
6 60
Obteniendo y3 :
Valores iniciales:
i = 2, x2 = 0.1, y2 = 1.010050
Obteniendo valores de k:
k1 = f(x, y) = 2(0.1)(1.010050) = 0.20201
1 1
k 2 = f (x + h, y + hk1 ) = 2[0.1 + 0.5(0.1)][1.010050 + 0.5(0.1)(0.20201)]
2 2
= 2(0.15)(1.020151) = 0.306045
1 1
3 = ( + , + 2 ) = 2[0.1 + 0.5(0.1)][1.010050 + 0.5(0.1)(0.306045)]
2 2
= 2(0.15)(1.025352) = 0.307606
1 1
3 = 1 + (0.1)[0.20201 + 2(0.306045) + 2(0.307606) + 0.416324] = 1 + (1.845636)
6 60
1.030761
Obteniendo 4 :
Valores iniciales:
= 3, 3 = 0.2, 3 = 1.030761
Obteniendo valores de k:
1 = (, ) = 2(0.2)(1.030761) = 0.412304
1 1
2 = ( + , + 1 ) = 2[0.2 + 0.5(0.1)][1.030761 + 0.5(0.1)(0.412304)]
2 2
= 2(0.25)(1.051376) = 0.525688
1 1
3 = ( + , + 2 ) = 2[0.2 + 0.5(0.1)][1.030761 + 0.5(0.1)(0.525688)]
2 2
= 2(0.25)(1.057045) = 0.528523
1
4 = 1 + (0.1)[0.412304 + 2(0.525688) + 2(0.528523) + 0.650168]
6
1
= 1+ (3.170894) 1.052848
60
Obteniendo 5 :
Valores iniciales:
= 4, x4 = 0.3, 4 = 1.052848
Obteniendo valores de k:
1 = (, ) = 2(0.3)(1.052848) = 0.631709
1 1
2 = ( + , + 1 ) = 2[0.3 + 0.5(0.1)][1.052848 + 0.5(0.1)(0.631709)]
2 2
= 2(0.35)(1.084433) = 0.759103
1 1
3 = ( + , + 2 ) = 2[0.3 + 0.5(0.1)][1.052848 + 0.5(0.1)(0.759103)]
2 2
= 2(0.35)(1.090803) = 0.763562
Obteniendo 6 :
Valores iniciales:
= 5, 5 = 0.4, 5 = 1.076340
Obteniendo valores de k:
1 = (, ) = 2(0.4)(1.076340) = 0.861072
1 1
2 = ( + , + 1 ) = 2[0.4 + 0.5(0.1)][1.076340 + 0.5(0.1)(0.861072)]
2 2
= 2(0.45)(1.119394) = 1.007455
1 1
3 = ( + , + 2 ) = 2[0.4 + 0.5(0.1)][1.076340 + 0.5(0.1)(1.007455)]
2 2
= 2(0.45)(1.126713) = 1.014042
1
6 = 1 + (0.1)[0.861072 + 2(1.007455) + 2(1.014042) + 1.177744]
6
1
= 1+ (6.081810) 1.101364
60
Resultado:
(0.5) 1.128064
De acuerdo a los clculos anteriores se puede organizar una tabla con la informacin
obtenida:
Anlisis:
Cuando se utiliza un h muy pequeo con este mtodo, al aproximarse al valor buscado
el error aumenta, degradndose as el resultado; utilicemos entonces un = 0.5 para
llegar a la solucin en un solo paso:
Obteniendo 2 :
Valores iniciales:
= 1, 1 = 0, 1 = 1
Obteniendo valores de k:
1 = (, ) = 2(0)(1) = 0
1 1
2 = ( + , + 1 ) = 2[0 + 0.5(0.5)][1 + 0.5(0.5)(0)] = 2(0.25)(1) = 0.5
2 2
1 1
3 = ( + , + 2 ) = 2[0 + 0.5(0.5)][1 + 0.5(0.5)(0.5)] = 2(0.25)(1.125)
2 2
= 0.5625
As las cosas:
(0.5) 1.283854
Segundo orden
X0=1
y0=1
X1=1.1
X3=0.3
y3=1.2+0.12 (3(1.25) 2)=1.3 x4=0.4
X5=0.5
X6=0.6
X7=0.7
X8=0.8
X10=1
Tercer orden
X2=1.2
X3=1.3
X4=1.4
X5=1.5
y5=1.50755+0.112 [23(0.911) 16 (1.25)+5(2)]=1.598825
X6=1.6
X7=1.7
X8=1.8
X9=1.9
X10=2
Cuarto orden
X3=1.3
X4=0.4
X5=0.5
X6=0.6
X7=0.7
X9=0.9
X10=1
Conocer nuestros compaeros de curso e interactuar con ellos, asegura una buena
dinmica para el desarrollo y construccin de los trabajos colaborativos, es muy
importante identificar la temtica planteada, juntos con sus objetivos con el fin de
profundizar cada uno de los tema
Burden, R.; Faires, D. Anlisis Numrico. ED. Thomson, 6a. ed., 1998
Mathews, J; Fink, K. Mtodos Numricos con MATLAB. Prentice Hall, 3a. ed., 2000.