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We believe that sharing knowledge is the same thing as reproducing it.
So everything may be used, copied, pasted on the notice board, used in
your blog or even read aloud at work meetings. All we ask is that
you mention the source. Obviously we are very interested in your
experiences with the data in this book about Big Data. So feel free to
let us know what you thought of it!
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CONTENTS
Introduction 4
More depth 42
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INTRODUCTION
Big Data is a goldmine. Big Data conceals valuable information about customers,
employees, cost savings, revenue, marketing, targets, etc. Information that
we just did not have available many years ago in these volumes, speed and accuracy.
We would love to help you make the possibilities and potential of Big Data in your
organisation comprehensible. Figuratively, but, above all, literally. Because all that
information in bits and bites should be converted into language that is easy to
understand.
Data collection alone is not enough. The data must be collected, processed and
analysed. Only then do you find the underlying links and reach new and surprising
insights. And if those insights are then shown quite logically, simply and in a visually
appealing way, you have a goldmine in your hands. In this e-book, Well give you
some tips to reach this goal.
And well give you practical tips on visualizing data. How do you show data clearly?
And what should you not do? Of course well also talk about the new HANA Cloud
Platform. What can SAPs innovative in-memory technology mean for your business?
Enexis and Alliander show that Big Data proves its usefulness in practice. In this
e-book you can read how they use Big Data, analytics and dashboards.
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BIG DATA: WHAT ARE WE
TALKING ABOUT?
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BIG DATA: WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?
We know like no one else that Big Data is a term that you can no longer get around.
But still it is often unclear what is meant exactly and what this actually means for
your own surroundings. So well start this e-book with our definition of Big Data.
Anyone who says Big Data is thinking of the massive amounts of data that
companies like Facebook, Google or Apple save on a daily basis. But Big Data is more
than just the quantity of gigabytes, terabytes or petabytes. We characterize Big Data
scenarios using three characteristics: Volume, Velocity and Variance.
VOLUME
The amount of data in numbers of records or numbers of bytes. The greater the
amount of data the more complex it is to process. Every day 100 terabytes are
uploaded to Facebook.
VELOCITY
This refers to the speed at which data is created and changed. You want to be able
to use data that comes in right away. Wal-Mart in the States processes more than 1
million POS transactions every hour.
VARIANCE
It is no longer just about analysing figures. There is a huge increase in sources.
Sources with structured data, but also sources with unstructured data such as text,
photo and audio.
Social media, mobile apps, live streams, archives, Google Analytics, logs from
machines, sensors; the number of resources to help you generate and collect data
continues to increase.
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THIS IS WHAT YOU NEED FOR A SUCCESSFUL
BIG DATA STRATEGY
Traditional tools and software do not deal efficiently with these large and complex
data sets. To get the maximum result out of your Big Data, new solutions
are needed.
The requirements:
- A framework that collects, processes and saves unstructured data sets
- A platform that brings together structured and unstructured data
- Software for data analysis
- An easy-to-use User Interface framework
- Software for creating reports
- Dashboards that allow you to visualize the data clearly
Volume - Do you have data from a multitude of sources? And does it include a lot of
unstructured data?
Velocity - How fast do you create data and what is its course? The faster
the growth of new data, the more you benefit from being able to use that new
data directly.
Variance - Do you have data from a multitude of sources? And does it include a lot
of unstructured data?
On our website you can find all sorts of scenarios. What scenario is useful for you?
View the scenarios
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INTL. STANDARDS FOR
DESIGNING REPORTS
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR
DESIGNING REPORTS
Do you want the staff at your organisation to make more effective reports?
Implementing IBCS is a simple solution. IBCS stands for International Business
Communication Standards and is a collection of concrete proposals for designing
effective business communication, such as reports and presentations. This
prevents everyone from just messing around with making reports. Everything is
presented in a uniform manner so that all reports can be interpreted in the same
way.
If you are wondering if the reports and presentations meet IBCS standards, you can
verify this using the SUCCESS method. SUCCESS stands for Say, Unify, Condense,
Check, Simplify and Structure.
Say
Convey a message
Often reports are just a collection of tables and charts without a clear message
or follow-up being given. If you have something to report, be explicit by adding an
analysis or conclusion.
Unify
Use a notation standard
Things that are the same should look the same and things that are not the same
should look different. By showing data in a uniform and constant way it is more likely
that everyone will understand it.
Condense
Increase information density
High information density makes it possible to show all the relevant information in the
desired context, making it much easier to evaluate.
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Check
Monitor the visual integrity
Are the figures displayed visually in a correct way? All too often that is not the case,
and figures, intentionally or unintentionally, are manipulated.
Simplify
Avoid noise
Eliminating unnecessary embellishment and elements from a report enhances its
readability.
Structure
Organise content
Reports and presentations often have no clear or logical structure.
When matters overlap or are incomplete, it is more difficult to interpret them.
You should always look for a subtle balance to make reports or dashboards both
effective, user friendly and attractive. In our daily practice, this means that we are
increasingly adding specific IBCS standards to our own best practices.
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8 TIPS FOR DESIGNING
THE BEST DASHBOARDS
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8 TIPS FOR DESIGNING
THE BEST DASHBOARDS
Dashboards provide insight into the performance of the organisation, meaning it can
be managed better. A dashboard is not only intended to provide information about
the current state of affairs, but above all to answer the question:
But what makes a dashboard successful? Correct and current data? Of course!
But having the correct figures alone is not enough. A dashboard stands or
falls to the extent to which the figures give the insight that you need. Figures alone
rarely tell the whole story.
By showing the data in a smart way graphically, patterns, trends and variations are
visible at a glance for everyone. And things usually go wrong in the visualization.
Thats why we are giving you eight tips to display your insights from data visually as
well as possible.
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#1. LESS IS MORE
So ask yourself: what elements are really necessary to get the message across? Can
elements possibly be combined? Are there elements that can blend more into the
background? You will find that 3D effects, colour gradients and shadows then often
fall in the design.
The most important thing in your dashboard is the data. In figure 2 you can see at a
glance whats going on. The less important elements, such as the grid lines,
are largely omitted and shown in pale grey.
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#2. CHOOSE YOUR COLOURS CAREFULLY
Then set a colour scheme that goes with your companys branding, your
personal taste or your clients favourite colour. The aesthetic aspect is subordinate to
the functional aspect. The colour scheme should contain a base colour which is used
to emphasize the data. For the secondary data you could use a derivative of the base
colour, a lighter version.
A good choice of colours makes a chart much more readable. You can provide
contrasts, group elements and focus on important matters. This means that data
can be interpreted at a single glance.
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#3. NO MORE GAUGES
The dashboard of a car is often used as a starting point when designing a dashboard
to steer an organisation. Speedometers are often seen in data visualizations. These
visualizations have considerable shortcomings. Speedometers take up a lot of space,
while they do not give that much information.
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#4. START AT ZERO
An important rule of thumb when displaying a dashboard is: always start the y-axis
of a column or tail chart at zero. In a line chart that is not always necessary.
The figures below clearly show why.
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#5. SHOW THE DIFFERENCE
Both values are important. By showing them both through a chart, you are showing
how the individual values develop in time. You have to calculate the differences
yourself.
But if you want to show differences, we recommend saying goodbye to this obvious
way of displaying a chart. Try this, so you put the focus on the actual difference:
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#6. SAVE THE PIE FOR DESSERT
We all know the good old pie chart. This chart form is extremely popular not only
in the media but also in reports and dashboards. The pie chart has an important
advantage: it instantly shows that it is a share-of-a-whole relationship. But is it also
effective?
Without providing exact values it is difficult to compare the segments properly. Our
ability to estimate surfaces and corners is much less developed than for horizontal or
vertical lines.
Compare the same data in the form of a bar chart. Clearer, right?
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#7. EMPHASIZE WHAT REALLY MATTERS
In a dashboard, you want the really important information to really stand out. An
important visual aid is to ensure sufficient contrast.
When you look at the figure on the left, do you see how often the figure 3 appears
right away? Probably not.
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#8. VIEW THE CHART FROM A
DIFFERENT ANGLE
Bar charts are often shown vertically, but a horizontal orientation also has its
advantages. Labels are sometimes displayed vertically if they are too long
to be placed next to each other. That is not good for readability.
A horizontal orientation has the practical advantage that the category labels
can also be placed horizontally and are more readable. Because you read such a
chart from top to bottom, this form is extremely suitable for displaying a ranking
order:
By sorting the categories, in this case from high to low, the relationship is
immediately clear. If you want to show a relationship in time, always use a normal
orientation from left to right. This is the best match for our natural sense of time.
Would you like to see all eight tips again in a brief overview? Please download our
Data Visualization Poster.
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BIG DATA CASE: REAL-TIME
INSIGHT INTO OPEN
04
INVOICES
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BIG DATA CASE: REAL-TIME INSIGHT INTO
OPEN INVOICES
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Get started right away after two minutes of instruction
When designing this product The Next View paid a great deal of attention to user-
friendliness. Pieter Hendrikx, BI lead at The Next View says: The main KPI to
determine the success of a dashboard is how often it is used. To make this as
much as possible, we have put a lot of effort into making it as user friendly and
accessible as possible. In fact, a user can get started straightaway after two minutes
of instruction. You can also see this at Alliander, where colleagues on the basis of
the dashboard decide together how the accounts payable department can further
develop.
The SAP Accounts Payable Dashboard is designed and developed on the basis that
the construction of the dashboard automatically adjusts to the device on which it is
displayed. This means the dashboard display works optimally on a traditional laptop
screen, a mobile device and an iPad or iPhone.However, the dashboard is at its best
on a 70-inch touch screen.
Are you curious how Alliander uses the dashboard in practice? Watch the video of
Alliander here.
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SAP ACCOUNTS PAYABLE DASHBOARD:
REAL-TIME INSIGHT INTO OPEN INVOICES
Organisations that buy the SAP Accounts Payable Dashboard from The Next View
can buy the dashboard and the touch screen as a total package. The touch screen
can then be placed centrally in the department so that you constantly see the
progress of your work. Alliander uses it for the day start for example. After that the
screen gives employees insight into the status of their pending work all day long.
Do you want to experience how the SAP Accounts Payable dashboard helps to
achieve your KPIs?
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DASHBOARDS ON THE SAP
HANA CLOUD PLATFORM
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DASHBOARDS ON THE
SAP HANA CLOUD PLATFORM
The HANA Cloud Platform is the SAP platform that uses lightning fast in-memory
technology. You can build new business applications on it, expand existing
applications with it and let them run in the cloud. That also applies to applications
for dashboards. We already read that network operator Alliander works with the
Accounts Payable Dashboard, giving it real-time insight into outstanding invoices.
Can this dashboard also run as a service on the HANA Cloud Platform? How safe
is it to work with the data in the cloud? And how does the HANA Cloud Platform
integrate with your current data?
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BIG DATA CASE: UNDER-
STANDING KPIS AT ENEXIS
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BIG DATA CASE: UNDERSTANDING KPIS
AT ENEXIS
Is the use of dashboards a passing trend? Or does it structurally provide a lean and
efficient way of working? For network administrator Enexis the latter is certainly
the case. Rob Wilcke is affiliated with Enexis as project leader at Infra Services, the
division that develops and maintains the infrastructure for the supply of electricity
and gas.
Enexis came out of Essent, a company that in turn was the result of the merger of
the provincial energy companies PNEM/MEGA and EDON. Wilcke regularly notes that
the former rather official culture is still latently present. And that cant go on, says
Wilcke. Times have changed. We have to move with the times and be efficient, lean
and mean on all fronts.
In its endeavour to remain a reliable and affordable network manager Infra Services
started the KUBIS programme (Quality Uniformity and Reliability of the Infra Services
reports). Many projects that fell under KUBIS had one thing in common: they
supported the transition from reporting to analysis and from managing to controlling.
Previously we reported way too much, says Wilcke. Investigation showed that at
Infra Services alone, 127 people were regularly working on reports. KUBIS put an end
to that.
Advanced dashboards
One of the tools to realize KUBIS was advanced dashboards that made the Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) of Infra Services clear. The Next View supported
Enexis in developing these dashboards. The visual aspect is very important, says
Wilcke. Previously we reported in grey tables. Now you can see at a glance where
you stand. Matters that deserve attention get red bullets. At the touch of a button you
make drill downs that help you to find out certain things quickly.
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Common language
KUBIS was a success. And the dashboards made a significant contribution to
it. Wilcke: People who use the dashboards ask others a lot more questions. In
addition, colleagues not only have an idea of their own results or those of their own
department they also have access to the results of other departments or teams.
Because everyone had the same information, it is much easier to talk about that
data. This means that we speak much more of a common language.
Dashboards are also contagious, notes Wilcke. Teams suddenly saw very clearly
that other teams were doing it better. So they wanted to know the nitty gritty. You
could see that they were quickly picking up and taking over things from each other.
Knowledge spread that way, almost like a virus. We also saw that people made a
greater effort if their results were clear. You see that you are part of a greater whole
and you see how your daily activities and actions contribute to the outcome.
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SAPS BIG DATA
PRODUCTS
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SAPS BIG DATA PRODUCTS
SAP has a wide range of products to support your Big Data landscape. We have
outlined the most important solutions for you.
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Hadoop can be used to store and offer the unstructured web data for analysis.
This data can then be combined with SAP CRM data available in SAP HANA for all
previous purchases. SAP Data Services (also known as BODS, BusinessObjects
Data Integrator) can be used as an ETL solution for both Hadoop and SAP HANA. It
optimally uses cheap extensive data storage combined with the real-time processing
power of SAP HANA from the SAP CRM system.
For more information, download the attached CIO white paper from SAP about the
combined application of SAP HANA and Hadoop.
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Spark & SAP HANA
Just like MapReduce, Spark is a programming language for Apache Hadoop. Major
players such as IBM, Amazon, Cloudera, MapR as well as SAP, see Spark as the new
heart in the Hadoop framework.
What is the principle behind Spark? Where MapReduce receives chunks of data and
processes it stand-alone and parallel, data is central in Spark. This data is
manipulated and distributed by parallel operators.
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SAP Data Services / BODS
SAP Data Services has had several other names, including Business Objects Data
Services. This last name is the reason that the product is generally called BODS.
BODS is a combination of a number of products, including Data Integrator and Data
Quality. Data Integrator is a powerful ETL solution. Data Quality is an industry leader
in improving data quality.
What is ETL?
The acronym ETL stands for Extraction, Transformation and Loading. ETL describes
the entire process of how data is loaded from the source systems up to the loading
in the Data Warehouse.
Extraction
The Extraction step controls the data extraction from the source systems and makes
the data available for the next steps. The main goal is to retrieve all the necessary
data from the sources with the performance impact on the source systems being as
minimal as possible.
Transformation
In the Transformation step a combination of rules is applied to transform the source
data to the desired output. Some examples are bringing together similar data from
different source systems, filtering data, adding new calculations based on data from
the source systems and converting measurement values to equal units.
Loading
After all the transformations have been performed, the data is loaded in the end goal,
which is usually a Data Warehouse.
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Advantages SAP Data Services / BODS
BODS, at least in the Netherlands, is mostly used to build ETL processes. But there
are more products that can do this.
How does BODS differentiate itself compared to the other players in this market?
1. Integration with both SAP and non-SAP sources, SAP BW and SAP HANA.
2. BODS is the only ETL solution in the market that allows for the extractors,
which use SAP BW to read data from SAP ECC, to be used directly as a data
source.
3. BODS can handle structured data, but can also integrate unstructured data as
a source. Data Services is able to understand phrases from files from
applications such as Word, PowerPoint, Excel, PDF and Outlook, but also data
streams like Twitter and Facebook at a logical level.
4. The integration with SAP HANA is far more extensive than for other ETL tools in
the market.
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Quentin Clark, SAPs Chief Technology Officer says:
With the addition of this product to the suite, SAP HANA customers can make much
better use of the power of other Big Data solutions. With SAP HANA Vora, SAP has
made an important step in the Big Data market. SAP is seriously investing in the Big
Data technology Apache Spark. It also strengthens SAP HANAs position in the Big
Data landscape.
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Celonis Process Mining
Always wanted to know how your processes are actually executed, whether your
processes comply with internal and external standards and how you can further
optimise those processes? Celonis Process Mining (CPM) offers a solution for this.
Celonis Process Mining allows you to visualise and analyse business processes
rapidly and in real-time to identify bottlenecks and potential improvements.
This is what the analysis of a purchasing process might look like in Celonis Process Mining.
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Celonis Process Mining offers the following advantages:
1. Transparency in processes
2. Continual process improvement
3. Fraud prevention
4. Compliance support
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ANALYSING AND PRESENTING DATA
We are currently on Design Studio version 1.5. This version includes four interesting
additions, namely:
1. Performance improvement, meaning data is retrieved at lightning speed.
2. A standard component that allows you to easily add (interactive) cards to a BI
application.
3. New templates that allow you to quickly click BI applications into each other. It
is possible to customize these templates to your own corporate template.
4. Enhanced user experience by adding:
a filter line (rapidly add filters to data sets);
a navigation panel (to take various navigation steps);
and a chart selector (to easily choose another type of chart).
Where in the previous version you often jump to another tool for analysis purposes,
with SAP Design Studio 1.5 you can stay in the application. The user can select
another query in the BI application, which is then loaded into the BI application!
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SAP Lumira
SAP Lumira is SAPs self-service tool for data analysis and visualization. With SAP
Lumira anyone can make advanced analyses to reach new insights without IT
intervention. Any user can bring up stunning data visualizations on his screen in a
flash.
If you know your way around the underlying data and you have access to it, then
getting the first charts with Lumira on the screen is so easy a child could do it. It does
demand some analytical ability of the user to actually obtain new insights.
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SAP offers four SAP Lumira variants:
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SAP Cloud for Analytics
SAP recently released the new product SAP Cloud for Analytics. As yet, we are very
impressed with the possibilities it offers.
These three modules jointly form the basis for the Digital Boardroom; a standard
application that makes maximum use of the power of these modules.
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The advantages of SAP Cloud for Analytics
The solution is based in the cloud and therefore very rapidly scalable.
The price will be much lower than that of the on-premise solution, which will
also be released.
More than two hundred standard widgets and tiles are already available
for direct use with SAP Cloud for Analytics. These are predefined graphic mini-
dashboards with KPI information from the S/4HANA environment.
You can get real-time data, calculate changes in planning and even work
through the implications of what-if scenarios.
A chat function will be available, enabling you to discuss the reports you have
created among your colleagues.
The Digital Boardroom is built on the SAP Cloud for Analytics Platform.
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INTEGRATE DATA INTO YOUR DAILY
PROCESSES
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SAP products in the Intelligent Business Operations (IBO) bundle:
- PowerDesigner: the Enterprise Architecture tool for the design of Business
Processes and Data Architecture.
- Process Orchestration: combination of SAP PI, BPM and BRM. PO allows you
to implement and integrate the various building blocks of your own business
processes.
- Event Stream Processor: the Process Engine integrated with SAP HANA for
running processes, and real-time collection of data on the processes.
- Operational Process Intelligence: the solution working on SAP HANA to obtain
real-time understanding of business processes and data produced.
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MORE DEPTH
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EVEN MORE DEPTH
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WANT TO KNOW MORE?
Wed like to give you a helping hand.
www.thenextview.nl/blog/topic/sap-big-data
MOTIVATED
BY THIS
E-BOOK ?
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The Next View
Our ambition is to help customers to be ground-breaking.
Achieving easy-to-use applications with new angles on the
basis of innovative technologies. Solutions that lead to better
performance, less hassle and satisfied users.
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