Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Chapter 1
1 Magnesia, lime, soda, potash and barytes are all the names of compounds.
4 45
5 3
6 3
7 24, 25 and 26
8 The ions represented in Figure 1.6 are formed by the loss of one electron from a
magnesium atom. But, the mass of one electron is negligible compared to the mass of
the whole atom.
9 8:1:1
10 a 12, b 2
11 Cu
12 Because they are relative to the mass of one twelfth of a carbon-12 atom.
13 a 2, b 76.2, c 98.1
18 a 0.179 g and 0.445 g, b 4.46 103 mol and 4.63 103 mol
c 2.68 1021 ions and 2.79 1021 ions
19 a 28, 29 and 30
92 5 3
b 28 + 29 + 30 = 25.76 + 1.45 + 0.90 = 28.11
100 100 100
c They have slightly different percentages of the three isotopes.
22 a 183.5
b 63.5 g
c 183.5 g CuFeS2 gives 63.5 g Cu
63.5
1000 g CuFeS2 gives 1000 g
183.5
So, 1000 kg CuFeS2 gives 346.0 kg Cu
23 2 2FeCl3
a 2Fe + 3Cl
111.6 g Fe + 213 g Cl2 324.6 g FeCl3
213
1.86 g Fe reacts with 1.86 g Cl2 = 3.55 g Cl2
111 .6
324.6
b Mass of FeCl3 produced = 1.86 g = 5.41 g
111 .6
24 C11H24 + oxygen 11CO2 + water
156 g C11H24 484 g CO2
484
200 kg C11H24 200 kg CO2 = 620 kg CO2 per minute
156
29 a Mr(CaCl2) = 111.1
22.22 0.2mol
Concn = mol in 0.5 dm3 = = 0.4 mol dm3
111 .1 0.5dm 3
b Mr((NH4)2SO4) = 132.1
39.63 0.3mol
Concn =
mol in 0.4 dm3 = = 0.75 mol dm3
132.1 0.4dm3
c Mr(CuSO4.5H2O) = 249.6
24.96 0.1mol
Concn =
0.25dm3 =
mol in = 0.4 mol dm3
249.6 0.25dm3
30 a 3 dm3 of 3.0 mol dm3 NaOH = 9 mol = 9 mol 40g mol1 = 360 g
200 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3 H2SO
b 4
200
= dm3 0.2 mol dm3 = 0.04 mol
1000
Mass of H2SO4 = 0.04 mol 98.1 g mol1 = 3.92 g
31 a Ratio of masses Cu
: O = 3.81 : 0.48
3.81 0.48
Ratio of moles Cu : O = : = 0.06 : 0.03 = 2 : 1
63.5 16
Formula = Cu2O
Equation for the reaction is 4Cu(s) + O2(g) 2Cu2O(s)
25
32 25 cm3 N2 = mol
24000
50
50 cm3 O2 = mol
24000
Ratio of moles N2 : O2 = 1 : 2
Ratio of moles N : O = 1 : 2
Formula of gas = NO2
Equation is 2NO2(g) N2(g) + 2O2(g)
18
33 Moles H2SO4 = dm3 1.0 mol dm3 = 0.018 mol
1000
24
Moles NaOH = dm3 1.5 mol dm3 = 0.036 mol
1000
2 mol NaOH react with 1 mol H2SO4
Equation is 2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
34 a Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) 2Fe3+(Cl)3(s)
b Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2NO3(aq) Zn2+(aq) + 2NO3(aq) + H2(g)
c 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) 2Na+(aq) + 2OH(aq) + H2(g)
d 2K+(aq) + 2OH(aq) + 2H+(aq) + SO42(aq) 2K+(aq) + SO42(aq) + 2H2O(l)