Question 2_DOUBLE LAYER TRUSS GRIDS

Compare between these grid trusses using two methods. For the
shown
?double layer truss bridge if P(DL+LL)=4KN acts the joint

8m
8m

2m 8m=24

8m=24 State
the
appro
ximat
?e stress analysis of grid frame works obtained by slab analogies

Solution
Grid trusses (1)

1KN 2KN 2KN 2KN 1KN

7 8 9 10
6 9
2m

1
5
2 3 4

2m 2m 2m 2m
By joint method_1
M1=0 R5(8)+1(8)+1(6+4+2)=0
R5= 4 KN
Fy=0 4-1(2)-2(3)+R1=0
R1=4 KN

Joint1
U1-6
Fy=0 4+U1-6=0
U1-6=4 KN U1-2
Fx=0 U1-2=0
4KN

Joint6

Fy=0 -1+4-U6-2(2/2.828)=0 1KN

U6-2=4.24KN
U6-7
Fx=0 4.24(2/2.828) +U6-7=0
U6-7=-3 KN
U6-2 4KN

Joint 2
U2-7
Fx=0 -4.24(2/2.828)+U2-3=0 4.24KN
U2-3= 3 KN
U2-3 0
Fy=0 4.24(2/2.828)+U2-7=0
U2-7= -3 KN

Joint7
Fy=0 -2+3-U7-3(2/2.828)=0
U7-3=1.414 KN 2KN
U7-8 3KN
Fx=0 1.414(2/2.828)+3 +U7-8=0
U7-8=-4 KN U7-3
3KN
 Joint 8
Fx=0 4+U8-9=0
U8-9= -4 KN 2KN

Fy=0 -2-U3-8=0 U8-9 2KN

U3-8= -2 KN
U3-8

-: The Truss is symmetrical so

U1-6=U5-10=-4 U1-2=U5-4=0KN
U2-6=U4-10=4.24KN U6-7=U10-9=-3KN
U2-7=U4-9=-3KN U2-3=U4-3=3KN
U7-8=U9-8=-4KN U3-7=U3-9=1.14KN
U3-8= -2KN

By approximate _2
method

1KN 2KN 2KN 2KN 1KN

2m 2m 2m 2m

1KN 2KN 2KN

U7-8

2m

U2-3

4KN
 M3=0 1(4)-2(2)- U7-8 (2)=0
U7-8 =-4 KN
maximum moment _3
Mmax=42=8 KN.m

1KN 2KN 2KN 2KN 1KN

3- 4- 4- 3-

2- 41 .1 4.24
3-
4- 2m
3-
4.24 41 .1 4-

0 3 3 0

2m 2m 2m 2m

Grid trusses (2)

0.5KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 0.5KN

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

By joint method_1

M1=0
+R9(11.313)+1(9.899+8.485+7.071+5.656+4.243+2.828+1.414)
0=(11.313)0.5
R9= 4 KN
Fy=0 R1-0.5(2)-1(7)+4=0
R1=4 KN
Joint1

Fy=0 4+U1-10=0 U1-10

U1-10=-4 KN
Fx=0 U1-2=0 U1-2

4KN

Joint10
0.5KN
Fy=0 -0.5+4+U2-10(2/2.449)=0
U2-10=4.29KN U10-11
U2-10
Fx=0 U10-11+4.29(1.414/2.449)=0 4KN
U10-11=-2.47 KN

Joint 2

Fx=0 4.29(1.414/2.449)+U2-3=0 U2-11

U2-3= 2.47 KN 4.29KN
U2-3
Fy=0 4.29(2/2.449)+U2-11=0
U2-11= -3.5 KN

Joint11
1KN
Fy=0 -1+3.5+U3-11(2/2.449)=0
U3-11=3.06KN U11-12 2.47KN

Fx=0 3.06(1.414/2.449)+2.47 +U11-12=0

U11-12=-4.24 KN U3-11
3.5KN
Joint 3

Fx=0 -3.06(2/2.828)-2.47+U3-4=0 U3-12 3.06KN

U3-4= 4.24 KN
U3-4 2.47KN
Fy=0 3.06(2/2.449)+U3-12=0
U3-12= -2.5 KN

Joint12
Fy=0 -1+2.5-U4-12(2/2.449)=0 1KN
U4-12=1.84 KN 4.24KN
U12-13
Fx=0 1.84(1.414/2.449)+4.24 +U12-13=0
U12-13=-5.3 KN U4-12 25KN

Joint 4

Fx=0 -1.84(1.414/2.449)-4.24+U4-5=0 U4-13 1.84KN

U4-5= 5.3 KN U4-5 4.24KN

Fy=0 1.84(2/2.449)+U4-13=0
U4-13= -1.5 KN

Joint13

Fy=0 -1+1.5-U5-13(2/2.449)=0 1KN

U5-13=0.61 KN U13-14 5.30KN

Fx=0 0.61(1.414/2.449)+5.3 +U13-14=0 U5-13

U13-14=-5.65 KN 1.5KN

Joint 14

Fx=0 5.65+U14-15=0 1KN

U14-15= -5.65 KN U14-15 5.65KN
1KN
-: The Truss is symmetrical so

U1-2=U8-9=0 U1-10=U9-18=-4KN
U2-3=U7-8=2.47KN U2-11=U8-17=-3.5KN
U3-4=U6-7=4.24KN U3-12=U7-16=-2.5KN
U4-5=U5-6=5.30KN U4-13=U6-15=-1.5KN
U10-11=U17-18=-2.47KN U5-14= -1KN
U11-12=U16-17=-4.24KN U2-10=U8-18=4.29KN
U12-13=U15-16=-5.30KN U3-11=U7-17=3.06KN
U13-14=U14-15=-5.65KN U4-12=U6-16=1.84KN
U5-13=U5-15=0.61KN

By approximate _2
method

0.5KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN 1KN

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1KN 0.5KN 1KN 1KN

U13-14

4KN
M5=0 0.5(5.657)-1(4.243+2.828+1.414)- U13-14 (2)=0
U13-14 =-5.65 KN

maximum moment _3
Mmax=5.652=11.3 KN.m

Conclusion_4

When we compare maximum moment for the two truss we will find
the moment in the diagonal truss is 11.3 KN.m and the moment in the
. first truss is 8 KN.m . That is means the diagonal truss is more rigid