Question 4

:Method of analysis
Nowadays in SPES program is foreseen only statically analysis.
The strength analysis is foreseen as in the works, with exact prediction of
proper bars CSs The structure should be divided on zones, accordingly to
experience of the user, or it can follow from previous analysis by the
same program . The proper CSs should be chosen from discrete
.catalogue, declared in input data, as in the works
There is considered also global instability of the whole structure.
For evaluation of the possibility to lose the stability is foreseen
calculation of value of main determinant of stiffness matrix of the
structure. If det (K) = 0 reach zero value, structure reach critical loading
.and / or behave as geometrically variable
1- Geometry description:
The most important part of this theory concerns the non
conventional description of complicated space structures using Boolean
displacement operators, developed sooner than Nooshins works over
Formex Algebra, and Formian. But, the shapes of domes described below
. follows now Nooshins idea to apply the Scallop Domes
Given here numerical and graphical examples concern only the
simplest statical analysis of domes trusses. The family of programs SPES
system enables calculation the flat and double curvature structues
:trusses and frames. Double curvature structures are expanded on
Cylindrical structure
Spherical structure
Elliptical structure
Toroidal structure
2- Displacements:
.There are assumed for space 3D structures cases
For the truss domes are assumed in each node three components of
.linear displacement
But for the space frame 3D structures are assumed in each node 3
components of the vector of linear displacement and 3 components of the
.vector of rotation angle of node

All these components are projections of the resulting vector of linear

displacement and resulting vector of small rotation angle on three
) coordinate system Z1 z 1 axes of local(also global
:In the case of 2D task, there are relatively considered
.For 2D trusses: 2 components of the vector of node linear displacement
For 2D frames: 2 components of the vector of node linear displacement,
.and 1 component of the vector of node rotation
3-Loadings
: there are assumed possible following components of external loading
for the truss domes are assumed in each node three components of -
. concentrated force
for the space frame 3D structures are assumed in each node 3 -
components of the vector of concentrated force and 3 components of the
. vector of concentrated moment applied at node

All these components are projections of the vector of concentrated

external force and vector of concentrated external moment acting on the
. node , on three axes of local (also global i ) coordinate system z1

4-Reactions
there are assumed following components of support reaction . they can be
: declared or no (no component)
for the truss domes are assumed in each node three components of -
. concentrated reaction
for the space frame 3D structures are assumed in each node 3 -
components of the vector of concentrated force reaction and 3
components of the vector of concentrated moment reaction at support
node
All these components are projections of the resulting vector of resulting
support node reaction force and resulting vector of moment reaction
. given on three axes of local (also global i ) coordinate system z1

:In the case 2D takes ,there are relatively considered

, for 2D truss - 2 components of the vector of nodal concentrated force -
,for 2D frames - 2 components of the vector of nodal concentrated force -
and 1 components of the vector of the concentrated
moment applied at node

Example of input data and output -

the shown example of input data and output of specially , small spherical
double-layer ring dome has 49 nodes , was used by (MESF) solver of
SPES
computer program All takes problems in this dissertation have been
solved by the same manner using (MESF) solver of SPES computer
.programs
The considered case of loading for all problems is a unit concentrated
load acts vertically down word on each node of the top ring circle of the
. dome denoted by bigger circle
.All the bottom nodes are supports for the dome denoted by small circles
All tasks problems in this dissertation have similar case of loading and
. support system
:figure (1) shows input output flow chart

start INPUT DATA

TRUSS FRAME
HINGED NDES FIXED NODES

GEMETRIC DIMENSION ,RM,H,R-

NUMBER OF RADIANS &MERIDIANS-
NUMBER OF NODES (NN) -
COORDINATES OF NODES (X1,X2,X3& TYPE) -
NUMBER OF TYPICAL & COOR.&TYPE -
MATERIAL PROPERTIES A,I,E,G,V -
LOADING .NUMBER OF LOADING NODES, CASE OF LOADEING -
NUMBER OF SUPPORTS &BOUNDRY CONDITION-

SOLVER
call subroutines

OUTPUT DATA
FORCES IN MEMBER-
NODAL DISPLACEMENTS -
REACTIONS -
MAX. STRESS & MAX. DISPLACEMENT -
,LENGTH OF BARS,COVERED VOLUME -
WEIGHT ,COST

Fig. 1. input output flow chart