Because of the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther

away
from Earth, so both the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.

Because of the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther away
from Earth, so both the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.

The Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, is also 400 times farther away from
Earth, so the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.

The Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky because the Sun, which is 400
times larger than the Moon, and also 400 times farther away from Earth.

Four hundred times larger than the Moon and 400 times farther away from Earth, the Sun has the
same apparent size in the sky as the Moon's.( this owuld have been correct if it was wriiten as the
size of the sun is apprently sames as the Moonn's .....or that of a moon ) IMPORTANT
HERE THE SUBJECT IS SUN AND NOT SIZE SO THE OBJECT WILL BE MOON AND
NOT MOON'S SIZE

Four hundred times larger than the Moon and also 400 times farther away from Earth, so the Sun
in the sky has the same apparent size as the Moon.
HIDE EXPLANATION
In A and E, so is not preceded by an independent clause. When so serves as a coordinating conjunction -- as it
does here -- it must connect two independent clauses, each with its own subject and verb. Eliminate A and E.
In C, the subject that follows because -- THE SUN -- lacks a verb. Because the sun DOES WHAT EXACTLY?
Eliminate C.

In D, the Moon's seems to be standing in for the Moon's SIZE, implying the following comparison:

The Sun has the same apparent size as THE MOON'S SIZE HAS.

We can't say that THE MOON'S SIZE has a SIZE. Eliminate D.

The correct answer is B.

The correct answer is B

GMAT Club Test Center ge

 V04-23
ReviewedBookmark
Used either in conjunction with or in addition to warfare and diplomacy, embargo is a foreign policy tool
designed to coerce governments into taking actions the originating nation deems necessary or appropriate. An
embargo, strictly defined, halts both imports to and exports from the target nation, but it can also prohibit only
certain kinds of trade or levy heavy taxes on a nations goods. More a political than a military tool, embargo is
a form of economic warfare that uses a forced shortage of goods and therefore cash flow to place internal
pressure on a countrys leaders in the hope of forcing policy or regime change.

In the twentieth century, the United States government has employed embargo against Cuba since the early
1960s, when Fidel Castro brought a Communist government to power, and also more recently against certain
African countries, such as Liberia and Zimbabwe, where a series of civil wars have been funded by the
diamond trade. The US embargo of Cuba began in 1961, when US leaders discomfort with having an ally of
the Soviet Union so close to the United States Cuba is an island only 90 miles from the tip of Florida led
them to explore economic tools as a way to dismantle Castros regime. In Africa, by contrast, embargoes on
diamonds have sought, not to undermine a particular political ideology, but rather to protect common citizens
by preventing warlords and dictators from trading diamonds for guns that they use to perpetuate civil war.

Although embargo imposed from outside a country is most common, an interior embargo is also possible.
Called autarky, from the Greek words self and sustain, an autarky is a closed economic system. The
autarkic country essentially embargoes all surrounding nations by allowing trade only among its own citizens
and companies. Although the United States experienced a brief period of autarky from 1807 to 1809, when
President Thomas Jefferson thought it best that the newly-formed nation break all economic ties with Great
Britain, such extreme isolationism has proven hard to maintain.

The author mentions EACH of the following as a goal of embargo EXCEPT

to wage economic warfare

to punish a countrys leadership for inappropriate policies

to break economic ties with a parent nation

to force a shortage of goods and cash flow

to protect common citizens from violence

HIDE EXPLANATION
This question requires the selection of the detail not mentioned in the passage. In order to select the correct
answer choice, test each one and look for a line in the passage that supports it.
1. In this line, embargo is mentioned as a form of economic warfare.
2. The passage does not discuss embargo as apunishment; this option is a distortion of ideas in the first
paragraph.
3. This line discusses the 1807-09 period of autarky in the US as an attempt to break economic ties with
Great Britain.
4. Shortage of goods and restriction of cash flow are mentioned in these lines.
5. Embargoes against certain African countries are intended to protect citizens, as discussed in these
lines.
The correct answer is B
 Discussed at GMAT Club forum

The classic epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey record a series of tales about war, courage, trickery and
love. The Iliadrecords a conflict between a confederation of warriors called Greeks and the walled city of
Troy.The Odyssey relates the adventures of Odysseus, a warrior whose 10-year voyage home was fraught with
peril. Both poems are credited to Homer, a bard whom tradition holds was blind, but most historians believe
that the poems are remnants of a pre-Greek civilization known as the Mycenaean, which had thrived in the
same area several hundred years before. Though the epics have been popular for millennia, many historians
long believed that Homer had simply invented geographical details about two of the poems most important
locations, the city of Troy and Odysseus island home of Ithaca.
In the nineteenth century, however, an amateur archeologist named Heinrich Schliemann used information
from The Iliad and other literary texts to locate ruins now widely accepted as the site of ancient Troy.
Schliemann and others after him uncovered evidence that up to six cities had been built one on top of the
other at Hisarlik, a town on the Western coast of modern Turkey. This location is several miles from another
site popularly thought a likely candidate for Troy before Schliemanns discovery. The layer Schliemann claimed
was ancient Troy seemed to have been destroyed by fire, which would align with Mycenaean methods of
warfare. Archeologists also uncovered human remains displaying signs of sudden, violent death.
Inspired by Schliemanns success, twentieth century amateurs also searched for the true site of Ithaca, the
island home of Odysseus. In 2005, a British consultant named Robert Bittlestone claimed that a peninsula on
the Western edge of a large island called Cephallonia is the location of historical Ithaca. Bittlestone and the
academics who support his theory claim that the peninsula was once an island itself, but that earthquakes and
rockslides joined the smaller landmass to the larger one.Bittlestone claims that the modern Greek island of
Ithaki, traditionally considered the home of Odysseus, is not the actual site. He was led to this conclusion
because Ithaki is mountainous, whereas The Odyssey describes Ithaca as low-lying.
In this line, the word Greeks is in quotation marks primarily in order to emphasize that

the people called Greeks in the poem were actually Mycenaean.

the Greeks were the enemies of the people of Troy.

The Iliad is unique to the cultural history of Greece.

the people of modern Turkey were once called Greeks........UTTER NON SENSE NOTHING HAS BEEN
TALKED ABOUT PEOPLE OF TURKEY ...ITS ONLY LOCATION ....WHILE MYCENEAN HAS BEEN
TALKED ....VERY NEAR TO THE HIGH;LKIGHJ=HTED SENTENCE .....SEEE THE PROXIMITY AND
WHETHER THAT IDEA EXISTS OR NOT ............PEOPLE OF TURKEY NOT MENTIONED AT ALL

Greeks have historically been concerned with war, courage, trickery and love.
HIDE EXPLANATION
The answer to this question depends on determining the authors purpose in word choice. To answer the
question, look at the word Greeks in the context of the entire passage. The sentence in which the word
appears describes the Greeks as a confederation of warriors. In this line, the passage claims that the poems
are remnants of a pre-Greek civilization known as the Mycenaean . It is reasonable to conclude, then, that the
word Greeksis in quotation marks to emphasize the fact that the warriors in the poem were actually
Mycenaean.
1. This option correctly recognizes the connection between the term Greeks used to describe a
confederation of warriors and the later claim in the passage that the poems are remnants of the pre-
Greek Mycenaean civilization.
 2. This is stated in the passage, but it is not a reason the word Greeks is in quotation marks.
3. This claim is not made in the passage, and this option does not suggest a reason Greeks is in
quotation marks.
4. The passage actually refers to the Greeks as enemies of residents of an ancient town now located in
modern Turkey.
5. This claim is made about the subjects of the epic poems, not about the Greeks themselves.
The correct answer is A

Discussed at G

he classic epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey record a series of tales about war, courage, trickery and
love. The Iliadrecords a conflict between a confederation of warriors called Greeks and the walled city of
Troy.The Odyssey relates the adventures of Odysseus, a warrior whose 10-year voyage home was fraught with
peril. Both poems are credited to Homer, a bard whom tradition holds was blind, but most historians believe
that the poems are remnants of a pre-Greek civilization known as the Mycenaean, which had thrived in the
same area several hundred years before. Though the epics have been popular for millennia, many historians
long believed that Homer had simply invented geographical details about two of the poems most important
locations, the city of Troy and Odysseus island home of Ithaca.
In the nineteenth century, however, an amateur archeologist named Heinrich Schliemann used information
from The Iliad and other literary texts to locate ruins now widely accepted as the site of ancient Troy.
Schliemann and others after him uncovered evidence that up to six cities had been built one on top of the
other at Hisarlik, a town on the Western coast of modern Turkey. This location is several miles from another
site popularly thought a likely candidate for Troy before Schliemanns discovery. The layer Schliemann claimed
was ancient Troy seemed to have been destroyed by fire, which would align with Mycenaean methods of
warfare. Archeologists also uncovered human remains displaying signs of sudden, violent death.
Inspired by Schliemanns success, twentieth century amateurs also searched for the true site of Ithaca, the
island home of Odysseus. In 2005, a British consultant named Robert Bittlestone claimed that a peninsula on
the Western edge of a large island called Cephallonia is the location of historical Ithaca. Bittlestone and the
academics who support his theory claim that the peninsula was once an island itself, but that earthquakes and
rockslides joined the smaller landmass to the larger one.Bittlestone claims that the modern Greek island of
Ithaki, traditionally considered the home of Odysseus, is not the actual site. He was led to this conclusion
because Ithaki is mountainous, whereas The Odyssey describes Ithaca as low-lying.
The passage is primarily concerned with

giving credit to amateur archeologists such as Schliemann and Bittlestone.

arguing that the site of ancient Troy is located in modern Turkey.

comparing the historical reliability of The Iliadand The Odyssey.

describing a process by which poetic descriptions became more historically reliable.

discussing the historical impact of Homers epic poems......ITS NOT SURE WHETHER THEY ARE
HOMER'S POEM btW ....EVEN IF THEY ARE .....MOREOVER DUE TO THE POEMS THERE WAS NO
HISTORICAL IMPACT TO THE HISTORY RATHER IT WAS SOMETHING THAT HAPPENED IN THE
HISTORY HAS BEEEN QUOTED AND THE PASSAGE TALSK ABOUT .....SOMETHING BEEING
VERIFIED WITH THE TEXTS OF ILLIAD AND ODDYSSEY AND THUS ADDDING CREDIBILITY always
see the ending of the para 1 and 2 3 and u will get some hint of what all is to be included in the
primary purose ...........moreover WORD VERIFICATION .....IS THERE HISTORICAL IMPACT OF
HOMER POEMS ....HOMER POEMS LEADING TO SOME CREDIBLE REAL WORLD...LOCATION AND
HOW THEY WERE LED TO IT
HIDE EXPLANATION
This question concerns the focus of the passage as a whole. The first paragraph provides background on the
two epic poems and introduces the idea that historians have questioned the historical reliability of Homers
geographical descriptions. The second paragraph describes how the uncovering of the site of ancient Troy
leant credibility to Homers descriptions, and the third describes the same process using information about the
site of ancient Ithaca.
1. The names and work of these two amateur archeologists support the passages larger point.
2. This claim is made in the passage, but only in paragraph 2.
3. The passage does not compare the reliability of the two poems.
4. The passage describes the process by which information provided by Homer in the poems came to be
considered more reliable.
5. The historical impact of the poems is not a main focus of the passage.
The correct answer is D

Which of the following best completes the passage below?

Two popular local restaurants, The Cancan Club and Chez Shay, use two different systems of valet
parking. At the Cancan Club, valet parking is both optional and complimentary, and there is some parking
around the restaurant. At Chez Shay, however, customers must pay $10 per car for valet parking; though
this service is optional, there is no parking within 3 blocks of the restaurant. Because the Chez Shay valet
lot is the busier of the two, one can reasonably conclude that Chez Shay customers.

Are wealthier than customers at The Cancan Club

Also use valet parking when they dine at The Cancan Club

Are not deterred from dining at Chez Shay by the expense of valet parking

Prefer Chez Shay to The Cancan Club

Prefer valet parking to self-parking...TRY TO NEGATE ....WHO KNOWS MAY BE SELF

PARKING HAS EVEN MORE ....HERE PAID VALET PEOPLE OF CHEZ SAY ARE
CONSIDDRED..U R MARKING MAY BE CORRECT ......HOWEVER SHOULD MARK MUST
BE CORRECT ....WHEN THERE ARE MUVH HIGHER CROWDS IN PAID VALET ...THEN
"PAID VALET " MUST BE THERE IN THE ANSWER .....ALWAYS TRY TO NEGATE
OPTIONS see conclusion keyword and some info about them in the passage thats it at max it can
play around with that
HIDE EXPLANATION
Situation The more expensive valet lot is busier than the less expensive.
Reasoning What conclusion about Chez Shay customers can be reached given information in the passage? According to
the passage, both local restaurants are popular, and both offer optional valet parking. Chez Shay customers, however, must
pay to have their cars parked by a valet, and will not find convenient parking around the restaurant. However, since the
Chez Shay lot is busier than The Cancan Club lot, it can be concluded that the up-front expense of valet parking at Chez
Shay does not deter customers from dining there.
 1. This may be true, but the passage does not mention the relative wealth of customers.
2. This may be true, but can not be stated conclusively based only on information in the passage.
3. Since the Chez Shay lot is busier than The Cancan Club lot, it can be concluded that customers do not
avoid Chez Shay merely to bypass the expense of having their car valet parked.
4. This may be true, but the passage does not mention which restaurant is more popular, nor does it
discuss the personal taste of customers.
5. This may be true, but the passage does not directly compare rates of valet and self-parking.

The correct answer is C

GMAT Club Te
ReviewedBookmark
When children experience emotional upset or trauma, their problems are sometimes made worse by well-
meaning adults who either dont notice their distress or insist that they express themselves through an adult
medium: verbal language. Play therapy, on the other hand, recognizes that imaginative play is the mode of
expression most comfortable and natural to children and focuses on helping them express their emotions. A
form of psychodynamic treatment, play therapy takes for granted the fact that, once aided in expression,
children are able to resolve their anxieties themselves.

The equipment of play therapy is simple and familiar. Dolls, play dishes, soldiers, stuffed animals, and
sandboxes all have their place in the play therapy room. The job of the therapist, however, is a bit more
challenging, because he or she must refrain from guiding the child in a particular direction or asking pointed
questions. The therapists task is partly to observe the childs play and recognize the childs emotions and help
bring them to expression. The second, very important, task is for the therapist to accept the child
unconditionally.

A well-known example of successful play therapy is documented in Dr. Virginia Axlines book Dibs in Search of
Self. Dibs is an emotionally disturbed 5-year-old whose teachers fear he may have brain damage. In his play
therapy sessions with Dr. Axline, however, a different picture emerges. Dibs play with a dollhouse and several
dolls reveals that he feels cut off from his family and that he is angry with them for locking him in his room.
This theme is repeated in play with animals in the rooms sandbox; he frees them from captivity again and
again. During the sessions, Dr. Axline is careful not to express preference for any of Dibs activities, and most
of her comments are simply reflecting back to him what he has just said. Additionally, through her choices to
help him express his anger rather than offering him comfort in it, Dr. Axline fosters in Dibs a sense of
emotional independence. At the end of the case study, Dibs has emerged as a content, intelligent,
compassionate child.

According to the passage, which of the following is a reason that play therapists CAN help disturbed children
express their emotions?

Children express themselves through a different medium than adults.....SO IT DOES NOT MEAN
PLAY TEHREPIST SHOULD BE INVOLVED ...............PLAY THEREPAIST ARE ONLY INVOLVED IF
THEY CAN DO SOMETHING SPECIAL WHICH CHILDREN NEED

Children sometimes experience emotional upset or trauma.

The therapists task is to accept the child unconditionally.

Therapists observe childrens behavior and recognize the emotions being expressed.

Children can resolve their own anxieties once they have been aided in expression.
HIDE EXPLANATION
Since this question uses the phrase according to the passage, the answer is stated in the passage. Aside from
the general tone in the passage that play therapy is intended to help children, only this line relate a specific
reason: play therapy takes for granted the fact that, once aided in expression, children are able to resolve their
anxieties themselves.
1. This is stated in the first paragraph, but is not a reason for play therapists to help children express
emotion.
2. Though true, this is not directly stated as a reason.
3. This information comes from the second and third paragraphs, but is a method not a reason.
4. Though this is an activity of the therapist, it is not a reason for helping the child express emotion.
5. This option correctly identifies that fact that the purpose of helping children express their emotions
through play therapy is to allow them to resolve their anxieties themselves.
The correct answer is E

Although it would be unexpected for an attacking dragonfly to gain advantage by

presenting himself openly, scientists observed that in 8 out of 15 inter-species battles
between male dragonflies, the attackers did not prevent detection of their presence as
they would from predators. Instead, the dragonflies employed a technique called
motion camouflage by which they attacked openly, but in a straight line from a fixed
object. The reaction times of their adversaries, who did not seem to realize they were
approaching, were slowed significantly, and the attackers were victorious in each case.

Which of the following, if true, forms the best basis for at least a partial explanation of
the success of motion camouflage in dragonfly battles?

The dragonflies attacking in a straight line moved more quickly than other
dragonflies observed in battle, causing their adversaries reaction times to
seem slow by comparison. THIS IS SAME AS WHAT HAS BEEN SAID JUST A
COPY PASTE .SO IT WILL NEVER BE RIGHT BEST EXDPLANATION IS ASKED
,,,SOMETHING NOT THERE IN PARA ALREADY WILL JSUTIFY .moreover
there is a distortion seem slow what is that .when u r not very sure just
pause and look for a trap like this

The adversaries of the dragonflies, like scientists, do not expect to be attacked openly.

Scientists record a lower success rate for dragonflies who attack using a zig-zag
pattern, rather than a straight line attack.
 Scientists theorize that by remaining on a straight line with some landmark
point, the attacking dragonfly remains stationary from the point of view of
his adversary.

Scientists discover inaccuracies in the devices used to measure reaction times of

adversaries.

Hide Explanation

Situation: Contrary to what might be expected, male dragonflies attack openly and are
successful. Scientists call their technique motion camouflage.

Reasoning: Which point provides a basis for explaining this phenomenon?Discussion

of male dragonflies in this passage centers around their use of camouflage, a technique
used to manipulate what an adversarys vision. Dragonflies use camouflage to hide from
predators, but in the inter-species battles discussed in this passage, they do not hide,
but present themselves openly. The correct answer will offer the best explanation for
the way in which an open attack still manipulates an adversarys vision.

1. This option does not account for the success of the motion camouflage
technique.
2. The expectation discussed in the passage is that of the scientists; the
expectations of the dragonflies would be impossible to determine, and are
outside the scope of the passage.

3. A zig-zag pattern is not discussed in the passage; this observation would add
little to an explanation of the success of an open attack.

4. The reason they cant tell the attackers are moving is because they stay in
basically the same place relative to a background object.

5. .This option would not negate the fact that dragonflies are consistently
successful when they attack in the open.

The correct answer is D

GMAT Club Test Center - Test

23 of 41
Verbal
Sentence Correction

Parallelism

V08-15
ReviewedBookmark
Your last answer was incorrect

Presently the East African country is focused on privatization of state-owned enterprises,

expansion of democracy and political freedom, and de-escalation of interethnic conflicts and
ousting corruption.

Presently the East African country is focused on privatization of state-owned enterprises,

expansion of democracy and political freedom, and de-escalation of interethnic conflicts and
ousting corruption.BEWARE OF ING FORMS ETC IN PARALLELISM ./EVEN IN
SUBLIST THEY SHOULD BE PARALLEL

Presently the East African country is focused on privatization of state-owned

enterprises, expansion of democracy and political freedom, de-escalation of
interethnic conflicts and ouster of corruptionDO NOT CHOOOSE TRY AND
ELIMINATE IT IS NOT NECESSARY THEY EMBEDDED LIST IS CORRECT ,,,,,,U HAVE TO SEE
THE MEANING AND THE PARALLEL STRUCTURE

Presently the East African country is focused on privatization of state-owned enterprises,

expansion of democracy and political freedom, and de-escalating interethnic conflicts and on
ousting corruption.

Presently the East African country is focused on privatization of state-owned enterprises, on

expansion of democracy and political freedom, and de-escalation of interethnic conflicts and on
ousting of corruption.

Presently the East African country is focused on privatization of state-owned enterprises,

expanding democracy and political freedom, and on de-escalation of interethnic conflicts and
ousting corruption.

Hide Explanation

A: ousting corruption; the gerund form ousting and the and after freedom are
unparallel forms

B. Correct list parallelism

C. The and after freedom is unparallel

D. The same error as in C; missing out on for the noun de-escalation is prepositional
unparallellism

E. The same error as in E

The correct answer is B

Before the storm destroyed much of the harbor, this town, with its sandy beaches and
multiple opportunities for sports, had been one of the most popular resort destinations
on the East Coast.

had been AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE AVOID USE OF HAD BEEN ..BEFORE DOES
THE JOB OF SEQUENCING SO NO NEED AND IF SIMPLE PAST CAN BE USED
AVOID PAST PERFECT

has been

had been being

was being

was

Hide Explanation

This sentence requires simple past tense form to indicate the entire period of time
before the storm destroyed much of the harbor.

1. Had been is wordy and unnecessary and creates past perfect tense, when simple
past tense is more appropriate.
2. The word has is incorrect; it indicates that the condition of the town continues to
the present.

3. This option compounds the error of the wordy phrase had been by adding
another unnecessary word, being.

4. Was being is grammatically incorrect; the word being is unnecessary.

 5. The verb was is sufficient to create simple past tense and to give the best
meaning to the sentence.

The correct answer is E

GMAT Club Test Center - Test

26 of 41
Verbal
Sentence Correction

Sub-Verb Agreement

V03-26

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Your last answer was incorrect

The majority of patrons of the local library, though enthusiastic about a new book mobile
service, is unable, or either unwilling , to volunteer time to staff it.

The majority of patrons= Many patron (PLURAL)

is unable, or either unwilling

is either unable or unwilling

are unable, or either unwilling

are either unable or unwilling

are unable or unwilling, either way,

Hide Explanation

The sentence is testing the ability to recognize majority as a plural word requiring agreement
with a plural verb, as well as the recognition of concision in an either...or phrase.
 1. The verb is does not agree with the plural subject majority, and the phrase or either
unwilling is unnecessarily wordy.
2. Is does not agree with the plural subject majority.

3. The phrase or either unwilling is wordy and unnecessary

4. The verb are agrees with the plural subject majority, and the rest of the phrase displays
appropriate concision.

5. The verb are agrees with the plural subject majority, but the use of either way as an
additional phrase is unnecessary and wordy.

The correct answer is D

Discussed at GMAT Club forum

GMAT Club Test Center - Test

30 of 41
Verbal
Critical Reasoning

Explain

V05-04

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Your last answer was incorrect

In a recent study examining the relationship between expectation and experience of

flavor, researchers conducted a taste test with over 200 participants in which each
person tasted two versions of a cola beverage, one of which they were told contained a
secret ingredient. Because the secret ingredient was white vinegar, researchers were
surprised when participants preferred the white vinegar version of the cola beverage by
a margin of three to one.

Which of the following, if true, offers the best basis for an explanation of the fact that
participants preferred the beverage containing white vinegar?

Most people actually prefer a cola beverage containing white vinegar. Because the
secret ingredient was white vinegar, researchers were surprisedmeans the participants do not
like it!!! So it is WRONG
Basically understand that here expectation changes the experience of the flavor is the agenda
so u have abide by it .if it was actually the liking then there is no case of expectation .

Study participants focused on identifying the beverage with the secret ingredient.

Researchers added only a small amount of vinegar to the cola.

Study participants were selected based on their enjoyment of white vinegar.

Most cola recipes contain no white vinegar.

Hide Explanation

Situation: A study of the relationship between expectation and taste has found that a
majority of participants preferred a cola beverage containing a secret ingredient, even
though the secret ingredient was white vinegar.

Reasoning: Which option is the basis for an explanation of why a majority of people
preferred the beverage containing white vinegar? The subject of the study is the
relationship between expectation and the experience of flavor, or taste. It is reasonable
to conclude, then, that the researchers expect that something about the participants
expectations to influence their responses to the two beverages. Because participants
are told that one of the two beverages contains a secret ingredient but not the
identity of the ingredient it can be concluded that participants focused simply on
identifying the beverage with the secret ingredient and, because they likely expected it
to be a pleasant flavor, were not able to distinguish that it was white vinegar.

1. This option does not account for the fact that the study is on the relationship
between expectation and taste.
2. Because the topic of the study is the relationship between expectation and
taste, it is reasonable to conclude that participants preferred the beverage
containing white vinegar simply because they were expecting to identify and
prefer the beverage with the secret ingredient.

3. The amount of vinegar added to the cola is not addressed in the passage.

4. Though this might be possible, it is not suggested in the passage and, more importantly,
would skew the results of the study.
 5. This information is irrelevant to the study described in the passage.

The correct answer is B

Before the subprime crisis weakened the housing market, America, with its state of the art
infrastructure and with multiple job opportunities for expats, had been one of the most popular
destinations for foreign investment.

had been

has been

had been being

was being

was

Hide Explanation

Do not go by the size of this question. This is actually a very tricky question. (B), (C), (D) are
clearly incorrect because they are using the incorrect tense. Most of the students are confused
between the choices (A) and (E) and interestingly many dont even consider that E) could be
correct. E) is in fact the correct choice.

1. We should use past perfect verb when we want to express an event that happened
before another event in the past. However, if the meaning of the sentence clearly
marks such a sequence then the use of past perfect would be considered
redundant (or in other words less preferred). Such a sentence would be grammatically
correct, but if you have an answer choice without the past perfect then that would be
the better one.
2. Incorrect tense

3. Incorrect tense

4. Incorrect tense
 5. This choice is the better of the two choices, A and E as it removes the redundancy by
using only simple past tense.

The correct answer is E

The state legislature has proposed a law that would require registered voters to bring
photo ID with them to polling places. The law is intended to curb potential fraud by
preventing anyone else from voting under a registered voter's name. A 2004 survey
found that the names of over 1,500 people who had died were still on voter rolls, and
another 672 people were still listed as registered voters even though they had either
moved out of the state or lost the right to vote due to felony conviction.

Which of the following, if true, is the best piece of evidence to support the adoption of
the proposed law?

Supporting the adoption. JUST PRETHINK AND U WILL INCREASE UR

ACCURACY what can be the answer .anything supporting the conclusion
and adoption.so if false voter are there on the voter rolls and even
the false votes have been casted makes the implementation necessary !!

always read the full sentence else u will wil be in trouble...if stament flips in
the second part like in this case

A law from a neighboring state requiring citizens to show photo ID before they can register to
vote, eliminating the need for them to bring ID to polling places.

Data from the latest census showing that only two-thirds of the people in the state are
registered voters.

Evidence from a survey demonstrating that a percentage of minorities living in cities do not
have photo ID.

Proof that absentee ballots from the last election had been misplaced.
 A survey showing that over the five years previous to the survey votes were
recorded for a percentage of people who had died or moved out of state.

Hide Explanation

Situation: A proposed law would require people to bring photo ID to polling places
when they vote, in order to curb potential fraud.

Reasoning: Which point supports the making of a law requiring people to confirm
their identities before voting? Identify carefully that claim the passage is making: that
the many names of people no longer eligible to vote remaining on the rolls is an
indication that voter fraud is possible. Evidence that fraud has already occurred is the
best support for the law's adoption.

1. The fact that a neighboring state simply has a law to counter a similar problem does not
prove that the law presents an adequate solution.
2. The fact that 13 of the state's population are not registered to vote does not solve a
problem with the other two thirds.

3. This is evidence against the proposed law, because it would demonstrate that some
registered voters do not have the required accompanying photo ID.

4. This item includes irrelevant information because it does not directly address the
question of whether people are voting under other names.

5. This piece of evidence illustrates that the state has an actual, rather than potential,
problem with voter fraud that requires action detailed in the proposed law.

The correct answer is E

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39 of 41
Verbal
Critical Reasoning

Assumption

V01-40

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Community spokesperson: After a recent surge of foreclosures, many homes in our
community are vacant and falling into disrepair. Property values are already falling, and,
if action is not taken quickly, will fall even further when panicked residents begin to
leave. Clearly the only way to prevent a snowball effect is to make it easy to purchase
these vacant homes by offering potential buyers special mortgages with a low interest
rate for the first two years.

The plan to attract potential buyers by offering low-interest rate mortgages for the first two
years rests on which of the following assumptions?

In assumption question try to negate the options does it break at last always try and negate
and u will get the answer

If it was easy to get the mortgage then the conclusions breaks however

Vacant homes will always fall into disrepair.

Homes in the area remain vacant mostly because it is too difficult for potential
buyers to get mortgages.

Lenders have enough confidence in their knowledge of interest rates that they can predict what
will be considered a low rate for the next two yearsEVEN IF THEY LESS CONFIDENCE
( NEGATION ) IT DOES NOT MATTER !!

Some home owners may stay in the community, but their property values will decrease.

Vacant homes will cause residents to panic.

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Situation: A community spokesperson proposes offering easy mortgages to home buyers to

attract them to a community where foreclosures have left many houses
vacant.Reasoning:Which is the assumption underlying the spokespersons plan? The
spokesperson is concerned that vacant homes will cause property values in the neighborhood to
fall, and is looking for a permanent solution. The proposed solution aims to make it easier for
potential buyers to purchase vacant homes, revealing the spokespersons assumption that the
homes have not already been bought because people could not afford to take on mortgages at
prevailing rates.

1. The spokesperson attributes falling property values to the fact that homes are both
vacant and falling into disrepair; a permanent connection between the two is not
assumed.
2. The plan to attract potential buyers through bargain mortgages rests on the assumption
that vacant homes remain vacant mostly because no one can afford to buy them.

3. The success of the plan does not depend on lenders ability to predict what will be
considered a low rate.

4. Though it is true that some home owners may choose to stay in the community, the
spokespersons argument does not rest on this assumption.

5. According to the passage, falling property values, not vacant homes, may cause
residents to panic.

The correct answer is B

Due to the highly selective nature of admissions, the admissions committee has been
recommended to prevent the passing of feedback to the students.

THIS IS TRICKY AND THE TRCIK IS U MAY CORRECT THE PLURAL VERB TO SINGULAR VERB
BUT FOR GET TPO CORRECT THE PLURAL NOUNT TO SINGULAR NOUNS BE CAREFULS
ALWAYS AND RECOMMENDED IS NOT A COMMANDING FUTURISTIC VERB .I WAS
XONFUSED WITH THAT AND CHODE THAT THEY BE .

has been recommended to prevent the passing of feedback to the students.

have been recommended to prevent the passing of feedback to the students.

has been recommended to prevent them from passing feedback to the students.

have been recommended in an attempt to prevent them from passing feedback to the students.

has been recommended that they prevent the passing of feedback to the students.
Hide Explanation

the admissions committee, a collective singular noun, requires a singular verb. The sentence
correctly uses the singular has been recommended to refer to the admissions committee.

1. CORRECT. This choice correctly uses the singular has been recommended to refer to
admissions committee. Moreover, the original sentence is clear and concise.
2. This choice incorrectly uses the plural have been recommended to refer to the singular
admissions committee.

3. This choice correctly uses the singular verb has been recommended, but incorrectly
adds the plural pronoun them to refer to the singular admissions committee.

4. This choice incorrectly uses the plural have been recommended to refer to the singular
admissions committee. Additionally, the plural pronoun them incorrectly refers to the
singular admissions committee and the phrase in an attempt is awkward and
unnecessary.

5. This choice incorrectly uses the plural pronoun they to refer to the singular
admissions committee.

The correct answer is A

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