Circuit Breaker Testing

Smart test devices for reliable electric power systems
Circuit Breaker Maintenance and

Testing
Maid Dzambic Applications engineer
2 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Circuit Breaker Test Equipment

Circuit Breaker Testing
What do we want to accomplish?
Get the breaker performance
Main contact resistance
Arcing contact condition
Operation times
Coil currents
Motion parameters
Velocity

What do we want to accomplish?
Compare with acceptable spec
Keep a printout as a record
Have enough information with each report

DV Power Circuit Breaker Test Equipment
What can be tested with DV Power devices?
Main circuit
Timing of main contacts operation
Contact (static) resistance
Source: Siemens
Dynamic resistance measurement
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Charging time and motor current
Auxiliary circuit
Timing of auxiliary contacts operations
Coil current waveform
Coil resistance measurement
Supply voltage
First trip
Minimum trip voltage
Undervoltage release

Timing measurements
Definitions (IEC 62271-100):
Opening time - for a circuit-breaker tripped by any form of auxiliary power, the opening
time is the interval of time between the instant of energizing the opening release, the
circuit-breaker being in the closed position, and the instant when the arcing contacts
have separated in all poles.

Timing measurements
Closing time - interval of time between energizing the closing circuit, the circuit-
breaker being in the open position, and the instant when the contacts touch in all
poles.

Timing measurements
3.7.136
Requirement for simultaneity of poles during single
closing and single opening operations

Timing measurements selection of models
One break per phase

Two breaks per phase
Four breaks per phase

DV Power unique advantages
Most powerful built-in micro ohmmeter 500 A

Both Sides Grounded for timing measurement - NEW!

Main circuit
Source: Siemens
Dynamic resistance measurement
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip

Contact (static) resistance measurement
The contact resistance of ideal CB

is zero.
The contact resistance is usually
in range from 30-100
Increased resistance indicates
poor contact.

Contact (static) resistance measurement - Test currents
IEC56 (IEC62271-100): 50 A I<In

IEEE C 37.09: 100 A I<In
Why high DC current is used?
The higher the current the better accuracy
Pollution of the contact surface

Contact resistance measurement on Dead Tank
Dead tank circuit breaker

Current transformers impact

Contact resistance measurement on Dead Tank
Rated contact resistance 100 u

Continuous test current 200 A
Measurement Resistance Resistance after

CT saturation
1. 70 u 100.1 u
2. 80 u 100.3 u
3. 72 u 100.1 u

Safety Both Sides Grounded

RMO series unique advantages
Lightweight & portable 11,5 kg (RMO800G)

Powerful up to 800 A DC
Output voltage up to 5.9 V @ 600 A

RMO200H Handheld Micro Ohmmeter

RMO200H unique advantages
Handheld only 0,9 kg / 2.0 lbs.

Powerful up to 220 A DC
Battery supplied
Measuring range 0,1 1000 m
Typical accuracy 0,2 %

Main circuit
Contact (static) resistance Source: Siemens
Dynamic Resistance Measurement

Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip
Main and arcing contacts

Dynamic resistance measurement contact system
SF6 circuit breaker contact system consists of

main and arcing contacts

Dynamic resistance measurement - arcing contacts
wear
Arcing contact wear ~ number of performed standard

operation under rated short circuit current
Life span of CB = number of standard operation

Dynamic resistance measurement - measuring principle



Dynamic resistance measurement Full DRM test
Contact voltage drop and motion measurements
provide calculation of the arcing contact wipe

Dynamic resistance measurement Full DRM test
Damaged moving
arcing contacts
Damaged and
cleaned
contacts

Dynamic resistance measurement case study
Customer (Tauron, Poland) wanted to prove effectiveness of DRM test

DRM test was performed at Zwar 24 kV oil CB
Arcing contacts in good condition
Arcing contact disassembled

After disassembling they had intentionally damaged the arcing contact

Damaged arcing contact had been mounted back to CB
DRM test was performed again
Arcing contact damaged

DRM results comparison

Dynamic resistance measurement benefits
DRM can be performed on a fully assembled interrupting

chamber
It is a fast and cost-effective method to inspect the
condition of the equipment

Main circuit
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip
Motion and velocity measurement preparation
Transducer mounting kit:
Clamping base -
Articualted arm -
L carrier -
Coupling -
Transducer mounting kit:

Transducer
mounting examples:
ABB LTB 245 E1

245 kV SF6

Transducer
mounting examples:
ABB 145 PM 63-20

SF6 145kV

Transducer
mounting examples:
SIEMENS 3AP1FI
245 kV

Motion and velocity measurement graph analysis

Motion and velocity measurement graph analysis

Connection to the test object
Motion measurement - Stroke

Motion measurement - Overtravel

Motion measurement - Rebound

Main circuit
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip

Motor tests graph analysis
Parameters:
Starting current
Running current
Charging time
Can be used to assess:

Motor condition
Operating mechanism
condition

Main circuit
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip

Coil current measurement graph analysis
4. Current is proportional to DC coil
resistance maximum current
3. Plunger hits 5. Auxiliary

buffer contact opens
2. Plunger
begins to
move
1. Coil is 6. Current drops

energized to zero

Main circuit
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip

Measure coil resistance

IEC 62271-100 ( Section: Mechanical operating tests )

SAT30A & SAT40A

Main circuit
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip

Minimum trip voltage test - MTV
International and national standards such as IEC 56, IEEE

C37.09 etc.
Indicates: mechanical malfunction, etc.

SAT series unique advantages
Lightweight & portable 10 kg

Powerful motor output
30 A (20 sec) at 110 V load voltage
15 A (20 sec) at 220 V load voltage
DC / AC motor output
Ripple free (less than 1%)

Main circuit
Operating mechanism
Motion and velocity
Auxiliary circuit
Supply voltage
First trip test

CAT-P - new solution for First trip test

First trip test connection diagram
Information about the latch friction can be obtained from

the coil current waveform recorded during the First trip
test.

First trip test - graph

CAT-P - new solution for First trip test

First trip test graph comparison
Detected lubrication
issues of:
- Trip coil latch
It caused delay in opening

time for 11 ms
Oil CB:
HG 618 C 24 kV

OFFLINE test connection diagram

DV-Win software power tool for data management

DV-Win software power tool for data management

DV-Win software results comparison

DV-Win software Test report

Questions ?

Thank you for your attention!

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Smart test devices for reliable electric power systems

Circuit Breaker Maintenance and

2 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

3 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

4 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

5 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

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One break per phase

10 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Most powerful built-in micro ohmmeter 500 A

11 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

12 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

The contact resistance of ideal CB

13 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

IEC56 (IEC62271-100): 50 A I<In

14 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Dead tank circuit breaker

15 | 2013 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Rated contact resistance 100 u

Measurement Resistance Resistance after

16 | 2013 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

17 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Lightweight & portable 11,5 kg (RMO800G)

18 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

RMO200H Handheld Micro Ohmmeter

19 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Handheld only 0,9 kg / 2.0 lbs.

20 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Dynamic Resistance Measurement

22 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

SF6 circuit breaker contact system consists of

23 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Arcing contact wear ~ number of performed standard

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25 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

26 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

27 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

28 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

29 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Customer (Tauron, Poland) wanted to prove effectiveness of DRM test

Arcing contact disassembled

30 | 2014 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

After disassembling they had intentionally damaged the arcing contact

Arcing contact damaged

31 | 2014 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

DRM results comparison

32 | 2014 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

DRM can be performed on a fully assembled interrupting

33 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

Transducer mounting kit:

Transducer mounting kit:

36 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

ABB LTB 245 E1

37 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

ABB 145 PM 63-20

38 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

39 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

40 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

41 | 2016 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

42 | 2015 DV Power All Rights Reserved.

43 | 2015 DV Power All Rights Reserved.