Axit HF 1%...
sau 5p ra; gi cp cu v ti s 2/Cc khu vc hp kn phi c
I/ c tnh ca HF
1/HF l axit khong yu. C tnh n
mn cao C mi kh chu nng
thp Khng duy tr s chy
2/ C ch gy c: HF thm qua da,
thm nhp vo t bo, phn lyAnion
[F-]Triu chng au, rt, phng rp,
sung ty, bc mu da. Thi gian HF
gy au n(1-20%); (20-50%); (50-
70%);(>70%)
3/Cc trng hp gy t vong:7ml HF
khan; din tch vt bng >25inch;
HF(50%) tip xc 1% S; HF(<50%) tip
xc 5%S
Gii hn tip xc: 3ppm; 6ppm;
30ppm
II/ Cch phng chng khi lm vic vs
HF
1/ Chun b : c hng dn, ti
liu.Kim tra v to ra 1 th tc vn
hnh tiu chunChun b hp s
cu, b chng trn
2/i vi khu vc lm vic : X l
trong t ht; Cnh bo v th tc vn
hnh phi c dn; C sn tup
canxib chng trn; c ngun nc
an ton
3/Cc thit b bo v c nhn: Qun
o bo h, tp d, ng, giy bo h,
knh bo v, m bo v u v mt;
Gng tay phi, khuyn khchcao su
nitrile, butyl, neoprene, vilton/butyl.
4/ Khi lm vic 1 trong phng thi
nghim : Khng 1 mnh; ng trong
bnh cha = polyethylene hoc Teflon
v dn nhn; s dng khay cha,
trnh b ; trnh hi HF nh
hng ln knh ca t ht
5/ Vn chuyn HF: Dung dch c
ng trg bnh tng thch, y np;
trnh ly nhim th cp;
6/ Qun l cht thi cha HF: Thng
cha tng thch, dn nhn r rng;
sp xp v x l cht thi phi theo
tiu chun, th tc x l cht thi c
hi thng thng.
III/ Phi nhim vi HF v cp cu
1/ Tip xc da: Cp cu: ra vs nc
lnh, tho bGi cp cuRa
khong 5p sau bi gel...(i gang
tay), hoc ngm zephiran lnh Ti
s dng gel sau 10-15p cung cp chi
tit cc din bin
2/ Tip xc mt: Ra bng nc
mt,d2 ra mt, gi mi mt m; dd
dng dd 1%, thng hi vi khng kh trong lnh:
3/ Ht phi hi HF: di chuyn nn h/thng c duy tr lin tc, thit
nhngi cp cu; gi m, thoi mi, k hp l, nh gi,..
yn tnh; ngng th-> h hp nhn 3/ Trin khai 1 h thng thot him,
to; ngi c o to sd dng kh v gii cu: cng nhn phi mc trang
100% oxi hoc dd 2,5 ha hi kt hp thit b:qun o bo h, dy eo c
oxi; khng t sd cht kch thch; bc chn c tay, dy ai an ton; nhn
s theo di 24h vin d phng..tc trc, lin lc
4/ Nut phi HF: khng p nn, khng thng xuyn, khng c c gng
a vt l vo ming nan nhn bt gii cu nu khng.
tnh; ung nc ; gi cp cu; ung 4/ m bo dng kh th c lin
sa cha Mg,Ca,Mylanta, Maalox hay tc v ton vn, lin tc kim tra theo
1 s sp khng axit ; lm theo ch dn di; mang theo ti thot him
ca bc s 5/ Ngn nga s trn ln (v ) gia
Nito v kh th: nhn vin hiu c
Nit tc dng ca cc ph kin trn xilanh;
xilanh phi sch s, dn nhn r
I/ c tnh: khng c, khng mi,
rng(c th s dng m mu)
khng vkhng duy tr s chy,
6/ Pht trin v trin khai chng
nng;S ngt xy ra; Nu ht phi
trnh o to cho cng nhn v cc
khng kh c lm giu Nito; Nito
nhn vin hp ng v: sd h thng
lnghi Nito lnh gy t cng mnh;
thng hi, gii cu, hi sc, theo di
c s dng trong thng miGii
kk, cp kh; thc hnh an ton cho s
hn: 21;17;12-16;11-14;8-11;6-8;0-6
nhp cnh khng gian hp v gii cu;
II/ Cc trng hp c th: Tht bi
hiu dc s nguy him ca bu
trong vic phat hin s thiu ht
khng kh c lm giu nito, trnh
oxy; Mc li s dng Nito thay cho
s trn ln nito v kh th; thc hin
kh th; cp cu
tt vic cnh bo mi nguy him.
1/ 3 cng nhn lau dn b lc ca 1
b cha H2 tinh khit c phun ra H2S
= nito. 1 ngi da vo ming l=>
bt tnh, cht I/ Gii thiu: Sulfide l cht c ph
2/ Nh iu hnh hng dn 1 bi bin, tc ng ch yu ln h thn
kim tra kh gy chy trn 1 ng kinh. c tnh ca sulfide c th snh
kt ni ti ngn la. ngang vi xianua; trong c th hp
3/ 1 cng nhn lau dn b cha du cht cha S c th to thnh lin kt
khong trng c phun ra = nito phc tp vi st ngn cn s hp th
=> ngt oxi v lm dng s h hp ca t bo;
4/ 2 nh thu c ra mi mn ng c th c th kh c sulfide bng
bn trong ni hi h mc b dng cch oxi ha n vi iu kin;
khxi lanh ch cha 5% oxy => bt ngng cao hn, enzyme oxh qu ti
tnh => cht
5/ khng kh c kim tra v thng Ngun : - t cc cht hu c mc ra;
hi. Hm sau 1 nh thu vo lau dn cng rnh, phn v kh t nhin; H2S
v ng qu, 2 nhn vin c gii cu=> l sn phm ph ca nhiu qu trnh
c 3 cht ( thng hi nhm vi nito cng nghip bao gm: lc du, thuc
thay v khng kh nn) da, khai m, giy, t,..; S/d: c sd
6/ 1 nhn vin sd ba kh nn c trong ging dy ha hc v nghin
cn b mt 1 l nhm. Mc 1 b cu; H2S c sd sn xut S,
dng kh... => b ngt do cc ng H2SO4, nc nng ca l phn ng ht
dn kh thc cht l nito tinh khit nhn
III/ iu kin lm vic trong mi II/ c tnh ha l
trng c khi Nito 1/H2S l kh khng mu, d chy, c
1/Trin khai h thng cnh bo v mi trng thi, c ngng mi thp
gim st khi quyn lin tc : Thnh <1ppm; 1-30ppm; 30-100ppm;
phn khng kh thay ilin tc >100ppm; khng th nhn bit H2S
theo di; h thng cnh bo nng cao; tip xc lu
=> H2S c bit nguy him, khng
c da vo kh nng ngi, mi
2/ Mi nguy him n sc khe : gy
ngt tng t CO v xi-a-nua.
mc cao: t lit phi, kch thch
ng h hp, kch ng mt, sc, co
git,..; mc thp: au u chng
mt, bun nn, kh th; nguy him
nu nhim c qua ng tiu ha
3/ An ton khi tip xc: thng gi, t
ht, o knh bo v, gang tay, khu
trang qun o bo h
4/ X l an ton: c hun luyn ;
lun s dng cc thit b kim sot,
thit b bo v c nhn, Loi b cc
cht thi, gi h tr nu nh b trn
5/ S cu:Ht phi: ngi cp cu
phi trang b ng cch, di chuyn
nn nhn n khu vc an ton, gi
cp cu ; Tip xc mt: Ra vs nc
khong 15p, gi cp cu ; Tip xc da:
ra bng x phng v nc, loi b
vt dng b ly nhim, gi h tr
t,; Nut phi: ng nn, ra sch
mm; cho ung nc.; gi h tr y
t 7/ Thang cm tay phi c m bo
Khng gian hp
I/ nh ngha:
II/ Phn loi mc :
*/ Cc cp nguy him
1/ Cp A: IDLH; Nng oxy , nng
kh gy chy >20% LEL, cc cht
c hi mc IDLH ; Yu cu: phi c
thit b h tr, mi li vo cn c 2
nhn vin d phng vs thit b h tr
2/ Cp B : Nhng trng hp c
kh nng gy thng tch, bnh tt
nu k ..., k nguy him ngay lp tc;
Yu cu: c xc nhn ca phng;
phi c theo di v c s lin lc
3/ Cp C: theo nh th tc k gian
hp tiu chun: oxy 19,5-21,4; Kh gy
chy n <5%LEL, Cht c thp hn
mc tip xc cho php 4/ i gii cu c th l nhn vin
*/ Cc mi nguy him cng ty hoc nhn vin bn ngoi
1/ Hi c hi: vt qu gii hn
tip xc cho php hoc ngng gi tr
gii hn; Yu cu : thng gi loi
b kh c, s dng my phn tch
2/ S thiu ht oxy: Cn my th
3/ Bu khng kh lm giu oxy: Cm
cc vt liu d chy, nng , cng
vic nng, thit b in, tia la
4/ Dung dch hoc kh d chy: phi
kim tra ng h o v thng gi n
khi <5% LEL
III/ Cch bin php phng nga khi
lm vic
1/Cc bin cnh bo hay giy php
2/Ngi vo phi mc qun o dy
ai
3/ Cc cng vic nng phi theo ng
quy trnh
4/ Bnh cha chy t bn ngoi
5/ dng c sch s, ni t, cch in
2 lp, hot ng iu kin tt, an
ton
6/ Thit b in cm tay, n soi c
vn hnh 12V hoc <55V
nh hoc y nu c th
IV/ Cc quy trnh v yu cu
1/ Giy php phi c k , ghi r
2/ khng kh phi c kim tra
khng qu 30p trc khi i vo
3/ S chun b cho vic i vo khng
gian phi theo hng dn trnh cc
vt c hi
4/ Nhng ngi lin quan phi tham
gia hp trc cng vic, bn bc,
nh gi
5/ Duy tr lin lc. s dng tn hiu,
b m, n bo hiu nu phi s tn
6/ Ngi i vo v ngi phc v phi
c tn trong giy php, k.
7/ Ro chn, di bng . Ngn nhng
ngi k c thm quyn xm phm
8/ Tt c phi c o to
9/ GIy php phi c dn khu
vc lm vic, cc phng
V/ K hoch cp cu
1/ c th cho tng khng gian, bn
bc, pht trin
2/ K hoch gm : lm sao triu
tp; cc phng php gii cu, cp
cu
3/ Lu : ngi phc v khng c
vo khng gian m phi ngay lp tc
gi i