(Principle of Moments) (Sum) Clockwise Moments = (sum) Anticlockwise Moments (Principle of Moments) (F*d)+ (F*d) = (F*d) + (F*d) Energy Ek (Kinetic Energy) = m (mass kg)*v2 (Velocity/Speed m s) Ep (Gravitational Potential Energy) = m (mass kg) * g (acceleration due to gravity = 10 m s-2) * h (height m) Ep = Ek (m (mass kg) * g (acceleration due to gravity = 10 m s-2) * h (height m) = m (mass kg)*v2 (Velocity/Speed m s)) Hookes Law Spring Constant (k) = 1/ s (gradient of the slope) Gradient= y2 - y1/x2-x1 Pressure Pressure in solids (p) (Pa) = Force (F) (N) / A (area) (m2) Pressure in fluids (p) (Pa) = Height (h) (m) * Density (p) (kg/m3) * Gravity (N/kg) + Atmospheric Pressure (Pat) (Pa(Pascal)) Gas Laws p1 V1 = p2 V2 (Boyles Law) V1/T1 = V2/T2 (Charles Law) p1/T1 = p2/T2 (Pressure Law) p1 V1/ T1 = p2 V2/ T2 Combined Gas Equation Archimedess Principle Up thrust Force (Fu) = W (Weight) (m(mass) * gravity (g)) Density D (density) (P) = kg (mass)/ m3 (volume) Relative Density (Pr) = Density of Substance (kg m -3)/ Density of Standard e.g. (Water 1,000 kg m-3) Motion In A Straight Line (speed) = m (distance)/s (time) (velocity) = m (displacement)/s (time) a (acceleration)= v(Final Velocity)-u (Initial Velocity)/t (Time Taken) Linear Equations v(final velocity)= u(initial velocity) + a(acceleration)*(time taken) s(displacement)= u(initial velocity)*t(time taken) + 1/2(a(acceleration)*t(time taken)2) v2(final velocity)= u2(Initial Velocity) + 2*a(acceleration)*s(displacement) Specific Heat Capacity c(Specific Heat Capacity)(J Kg K)= EH(Heat Energy)(J)/m(mass)(Kg)* Temperature(Change in Temp.)(Final Temp. - Initial Temp.) (K) Heat Energy EH(Heat Energy)(J)= m(mass)(Kg)* c(Specific Heat Capacity)* Temperature(Change in Temp.)(Final Temp. - Initial Temp.) (K) Newton's Laws F (Force) (Newton) = kg (mass) * m s-2 (Acceleration) Formulae w (work done) = F (force) * d (distance) (Nm/J (Joules preferably)) Power = w (work done)/ t (time) v(velocity(from the Conservation of Energy Equation)= 2g(gravity)*h(height) Momentum p(momentum)(Kg m s)= m(mass)*v(velocity) Conservation of Linear Momentum m1*V1 - m2*v2 = (+/-) m3*v3 m1*v1-m2*v2 = -m3*v3+m4*v4 m1*V1 - m2*v2 = m3*v3+m4*v4 Magnification magnification (m) = v(distance of image from the lens) / u(distance of object from the lens) 1/f(focal length) = 1/v(distance of image from the lens) + u(distance of object from the lens) Waves Frequency (f) (hertz(Hz)) = 1/ T(Period) Wave Speed = f(Frequency) * (Lamda) Method of Mixtures EH = EH c = m*c* / m *