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This information booklet is dedicated to all adolescents those Causes of anemia in adolescents:
who are bulding blocks of future generation in order to build The following are the causes of anaemia:
themselves free from anemia.
1. Poor intake of dietary iron
Introduction: 2. Inability to absorb iron due to some diseases of the
gastrointestinal tract
According to Eric Ericson the human being passes 8 3. Blood loss due to GI cancers and ulcers
developmental stages through out his life, among all these
developmental stages the most transient period and rapid Risk factors for anemia in adolescents:
growth seen in adolescence. Adolescence has been defined by
Rapid growth
the World Health Organization as the period of life spanning
Heavy blood loss during menstrual periods
the ages between 10 to 19 years. There are several types of
Frequent dieting or restricted eating
anaemias present among them iron deficiency anaemia is most
Vegan or vegetarian eating styles
commonly occurring anaemia which is preventable with
Meal skipping
minimum effort. The normal range of red blood cells is 4.2 to
5.4 million/cumm in females and haemoglobin is 12 to 14 Chronic or significant weight loss
gm/dl in females. The reduction in the red blood cells and Low intake of meat, fish, poultry or iron fortified foods
haemoglobin concentration leads to anaemia. Low intake of foods rich in vitamin C
Participation in endurance sports(e.g., long distance
Definition: running, swimming, cycling)
Anaemia is defined as a condition which is caused by Intensive physical training
insufficient hemoglobin (<12gm/dl) or red blood cells for a Parasitic infections (Hook warm infestations) and
given age and sex, and characterized by pale conjunctiva, vector born diseases (Malaria)
fatigue, weakness, rapid heart beat, irritability and dizziness. Eating disorders such as Pica (early adolescent) and
Anorexia nervosa (late adolescent).
Incidence:
Signs and symptoms of anemia:
According to International Center for Research on Women, in
India 55% of total adolescents have anemia. The common signs and symptoms of Anaemia are tiredness,
weakness, pale skin and conjunctiva, spoon shape nail, rapid
heartbeat, irritability, decreased appetite, lack of interest, Severe anaemia:
apathetic and easily fatiguable and dizziness. Symptoms vary
depending on the severity of the anaemia and how rapidly it
develops.
Mild anaemia:
Shortness of breath
Painful lower leg cramps
Chest pain, especially if people already have impaired
blood circulation in the legs or certain types of lung or
heart disease.
Pale conjunctiva Fatigue & weakness Spoon shaped nails Clinical examination of conjunctiva and tongue for
paleness
Moderate anaemia:
Red meat
Pork
Poultry Additionally, vitamin C rich foods help the body to absorb iron.
Seafood Good sources of vitamin C include papaya, orange, tangerine,
kiwi, guava, strawberries, green pepper, broccoli, and cabbage.
Treat and preventing parasitic infections: Tab. Albendazole iron deficiency anaemia must include measures to increase iron
400mg, single dose once a year for all the adolescents is intake through food-based approaches, namely dietary
recommended diversification and food fortification with iron; iron
supplementation and by improved health services and
sanitation.
Conclusion:
Summary: