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Sri Jayateertharu is the sixth Pontiff of our Sri Madhwacharya Peetha and is
popularly known by Teekarayaru, Teekacharyaru and Teekakrutpadaru,
etc.
Yeragola Cave - This is the place where Sri Jayatirtharu wrote Srimannyaayasudhaadi
granthaas. This is situated in just one kilometre from Chittapura in Yadgir District. Once upon
a time, this Cave was the tapobhoomi of Shanka named muni.
Jayateertharu used to sit there in the lonely place for writing commentaries with great patience,
knowledge and intense Aparoksha Gnyaana. It is here on this holy land that majority of his
Teekas took birth. Sri Ramachandra Tirthas and Sri Vidyanidhi Tirthas Vrundavana also
there near Yeragola.
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Why was he born as a bullock? - The Pandavaas after being victorious in Kurukshetra,
were remembering and discussing the past incidents of Mahabharata Maha Yuddha. At that
time Arjuna forgot Sri Krishna and boasted before Bheema that he is responsible for the entire
victory. Immediately Bheema told You are boasting like an animal, you forgot Sri Krishnas
anugraha. Immediately Arjuna realized his ajnaana (ahambhaava - Indra is not free from Kali
Avesha) and repented. As the wordings of great personalities will never be false, they will
become true. And that he will definitely take the birth of a beast. Arjuna forgot Sri Krishna
Paramathma for a while and got the life of a bullock. The same bullock became Sri
Jayateertharu.
Acharyaru showing the bullock (Teekakaryaru) will write Teeka "urZrxrirw aUO"
for his granthas :-
One day when Srimadacharyaru was teaching his disciples, one of his shishyaas raised the topic
that who will write - Compose the Commentaries to His Works. All the Pandits were seeing
their faces each other with a smile that Srimadacharyaru will suggest their names. On the
contrary Srimadacharya said "urZrxrirw aUO" that the bullock which was sitting in front
will write the commentaries to His Works. The Pandits became angry and cursed the bullock to
die with the Serpent bite. Within a few days the bullock, due to the Serpent bite was suffering
a lot and died. It was the same bullock that provided as the entire Teeka of Acharya Madhwa.
He had heard the entire Sarvamoola directly from Srimadacharyaru.
-------------------
| szPA vP Az LPP CPAii |
| pSuYrl mirS xuSll LYruYr Amr mosrqu |
'Kim Pashuhu Poorvadehe "M mz: muk:" - Sri Akshobhya Thirtharu was searching for a
shishya for his Sarvagna Peeta. One day, he was sitting on the bank of the River
Bheemarathi. There a young handsome boy, named Dondu pantha or Donduraya, riding a
horse, being thirsty, came and went into the river, sitting on the Horse itself and drunk the
water without using his hands. Shree Akshobhya Thirtharu saw this scene and uttered in
Sanskrit with Loud Kim Pashu Poorvadehe "M mz: muk:" In the previous Janma Had you
been a Beast? (Pashu).
Hearing this Dhondooraya stunned and remembered his previous Janmas Arjuna, His Bullock
Janma in the period of Srimadacharyaru, Vrashabharoopa and all. Immediately Bowed to Sri
Akshobhya Teertharu and requested for Yati Ashrama. Akshobhya Teertharus Joy knew no
bonds, Actually Dondu Raya is the Akshobhya Thirthara poorvashrama brothers son. Sri
Akshobhya Teertharu asked Dhonduraya to get the permision of the Elders. Dhonduraya did
not listen and insisted him to give Ashrama immediately. Raghunath Deshpande, on hearing
this, rushed with anger near Akshobhya Tirtharu. He simply cried loudly. Dhondoraya told that
Akshobhya Tirtharu has not forcibly given the Ashrama, at his own will and wish became Yati.
But his father forceably took him home and arranged for the First night for Dondurayaru with
his wife Bhamamani. But for the girl, Dhonduraaya looked like a serpant. She tried to came
near him, but the snake was not allowing her to come near him. After all his efforts are
failed, his father realized that he was wrong in bringing Donduraya, the Jayathirtharu to his
home for first night and took him back to Akshobhya Thirtharu and asked his excuse for his
acts.
Studied under Sri Akshobhya Tirtharu - Even though he had knowledge from what
he had learnt from Acharya Madhwa when he was an ox, he further studied under Akshobhya
Tirtharu, who taught him like shukavaani. He himself has quoted in his granthas that
akshobhyatirtha guruNaa shukavakShischitasya mE|
Penance at Durga betta - After the vrundavana pravesha of his Gurugalu Jayatirtharu
decided to start grantha rachane. Before starting the grantha rachana work he went to Durga
Betta for tapassu. He did the tapassu like Druvarayaru by eating green leaves, dry gross,
panchagavya prashana, etc. He got the anugraha of Saraswathi and Bharatee Deviyaru.
Sheshadevaru also came and did the anugraha on his tongue. So, there was the avesha of
Sheshadevaru also in him.
Anugraha by Jayatirtharu -
There is a canal nearby wherein Sri Jayatirtharu just stopped water by giving his handful of
mud to the Gouda of that village. Once it so happened that the main Gowda of that village
thought of constructing a canal for the village people. He constructed the canal and the same
was filled with water but in a very short period it was dried and the gowda was forced to wait
for another rainy season. Then again rain came and canal was filled but was dried again. One
night he got a dream wherein he was told to meet a sage nearby who is doing the penance, and
he will help you. The gowda immediately met the sage nearby, who was none other than Sri
Jayatirtharu, who in turn gave him a handful of mud after doing some abhimantrana to the
gowda and asked him to put in the pond. The gowda did as instructed by the sage and the canal
was saved and even today so many villagers are being benefited by the canal which was the
anugraha of Jayatirtharu.
Koneri Pranesha - Once after the completion of the pooja, a monkey came near him and
wrote geetha "ai" on a rock nearby. Sri Jayatirtharu realized that it was the order of
Mukyapranadevaru to write Geetha Bhashya Teeka, and he wrote the monkeys figure on the
same rock. He also did the prana pratiste of the monkey. Subsequently Koneri family people
built one mantapa for Mukyaprana.
Anugraha to Muslim King Firozeshah - Once Muslim King Firozeshah sent one of his
servants to invite Jayatirtharu to his palace. Jayatirtharu came but stayed in a temple in
Kurukshetra. At the same time many Hindus were doing upavaasa in front of the palace as the
King was taxing exhorbitantly on Brahmins and was forcing the Hindus to be converted to
Muslim Community. As the branhims were fasting, Jayatirtharu refused to enter the city. Then
the King came personally and asked him to come to his palace.
He told Jayatirtharu that his son was suffering from severe decease which has not been cured
by any doctors and asked for anugraha to his son. Jayatirtharu insisted a condition that king
must free the Brahmin community from exhorbitant taxes and avoid conversion. The King
agreed. Jayatirtharu did the pooja and after naivedya and his tirtha prasada, he gave some
prasaada to the Muslim King, which prasada cured the prince from his severe decease. The
King was delighted and decided to invite Jayatirtharu to Delhi and give all the honours of the
Kings. But the sage refused and told him that the entire thing happened with the blessings of
Sri Ramachandra only and it was because of Srimadwacharyas anugraha that the kings sons
health was improved and the entire honour must go to them only.
Then the king did the honour to Sarvamoola grantha and Sri Moola Ramachandra Vigraha
with ambari elephant throughout the Delhi city.
I. Sri Vidyaadhiraaja Tirtharu (1388-1412) He was not only his shishya but also
was the uttaradhikari. Once he had the darshana of Bhaageerathidevi when he was
near the Bheemarathi river. Initially he gave ashrama to Sri Rajendra Tirtha, who
went to Bangala region for tatvaprachara and stayed for more time. Since he didnt
returned for a long time, Sri Vidyadhiraja Tirtha gave ashrama to Sri Kavindra
Tirtharu. As such, two parampare came into existence one with the Rajendra Tirtha
parampare which subsequently became Vyasaraja Mutt. Sri Kavindra Tirtha
parampare was subsequently divided into another two fractions one Vibudendra or
Rayara Mutt and another Uttaradi Mutt.
qSirkMU milqWlz |
ukUe xa krrq MhMU |
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maadyadadvaityaMdhakaaraa pradyOtanamaharnishaM |
vidyaadhiraajaM suguruM dhyaayaami karuNaakaraM |
Granthas
In Geetha Vivruthi manuscripts are now available in Devanagiri Lipi in and Nagari Lipi
in Mysore Oriental Library. Acharya Madhwa had not done the anuvada for all
shlokaas of Geetha, Sri Vidyadhiraja Tirtha has written meaning for these shlokas as
well. He has followed Geetha Bhashya and Geetha Tatparya Nirnaya of Acharya
Madhwa while giving the meaning.
It seems that Sri Vidyadhiraja Tirtha is the first amongst Dwaitha Vyakyanakaras who
wrote the vyakyana for Vishnu Sahasra Nama. In this grantha, it is observed that for
Vishwam word itself, he has given not less than 12 meanings.
II. Sri Vyasatirtharu (1370-1404) He is another vidya shishya and ashrama shishya.
But he was not throned the peeta. It is said that he was the first amongst Madhwas
to write Tippani for Upanishad Bhashya. His style is very simple and in his
narration there is expertise. His works are as follows :
c) It is said that he has written vyakyana for Acharya Madhwas Tantrasara sangraha and
pramana maalika.
e) Anu Jayatirtha Vijaya (34 shlokaas), which contain the full life history. Here he has
mentioned that Jayatirtharu is the avatara of Indra, and that he got the blessings of
Durgadevi. In Anu Jayatirtha Vijaya, there is mention of Vadeendra and other advaitee
defeats and also has information on Vidyadhiraja getting pattabhisheka as uttaradhikari.
Sri Jayatirthas vaadi vijaya and other history cant be explained by anybody. I am only
briefly explaining the charitre or story which he was narrating to me daily.
It means that Vyasatirtharu narrated in Jayatirtha Vijaya, what Sri Jayatirtharu told
personally to him. As such, it is considered as a pramana grantha. This grantha is written
with the saakshat experience.
Sri Raghottama Tirtharu has quoted some of his Teekaas in his granthas. Sri Jagannatha
Tirtharu in his Bhashyadeepika has also narrated some of his quotes.
Once he was on his Tirthayatra tour. On his way, he came to Malakheda. There he heard that
in Yeragola, a shishya of Akshobhya Tirtha was doing the grantha rachana. He remembered
the incident where Akshobhya Tirtha had defeated him at Mulabagilu during their vaakyartha
on tattvamasi. Having seen Akshobhya Tirtharu and his Knowledge, he now wanted to see
how is his shishya. He came near the cave where, at that time Sri Jayatirtha was writing
Pramana Lakshana Teeka.
One of the disciple of Jayatirtha informed him that Vidyaranya had come and would like to
have a discussion. Jayatirtha readily agreed. Both had a formal meeting initially. Now,
Vidyaranya wanted to test Jayatirtha, asked him.
Then Vidyaranya asked Jayatirtha as to what he is doing? Jayatirtha replied that he is doing the
vyakyana for Acharya granthas. He also gave him the pramana lakshanas grantha by
Acharya Madhwa to Vidyaranya. He went through a few lines of the grantha, and could not
understand anything as to what Acharya Madhwa has written. Then he told Jayatirtha "os
uYrl M q" (looks like childish words). Jayatirtha could not tolerate these words on Acharya
Madhwa and told whether grantha is baala vaakya or your mind itself like childish. Then he
gave him his Teeka on Pramana Lakshana - viz., Nyayakalpalatha.
Vidyaranya went through the pages (taale gari) of Teeka on Pramana Lakshana. It was not
even completed. Only half way through. Now he realized the greatness of Acharya Madhwa.
Same words of Acharya Madhwa being brought to the world in a simple style by Jayatirtha. He
recognized the narration style, it was simply superb. He repented for his durahankara and
disrespect shown earlier.
He said I knew your guru Akshobhya Tirtha. You being the shishya of him is really great. He
made sastanga namaskara and held the grantha written by Jayatirtha with due respect on his
head. He also requested him to permit him to honour his great work. Jayatirtha told him that
as soon as it is finished, he will send a copy of the same to him also.
Jayatirtha completed the Teeka on Pramana Lakshana and did the samarpana in front of the
vrundavana at Malakheda.
Vidyaranya showed his respect to Jayatirtharu with great procession (ambary elephant)
followed by vedaghosha, kept all his granthas on an elephant.
Note : 1. It seems that Vidyaranya must have met Sri Jayatirtharu after 1365AD only, that too
after the Vrundavana pravesha of Akshobhya Tirtharu. But it is surprising that even though he
is defeated by Jayatirtharu, Vidyaranya has not recorded the same in his works. He has
mentioned about Vedanta Deshika in Ramanuja Darshana but not mentioned about Jayatirtha.
He has written about Poornapragna Darshana, there also no mention of Jayatirtha. As such, it
seems that Vidyaranya must have met Teekarayaru during the early part of sanyasa of
Jayatirtharu, and he may not come across all his works, that is why he has narrated in
sarvadarshana sangraha by Vidyaranya.
(I have gone through the books of Dr BNK Sharma, Korate Srinivasarao, Dr Prabhanjanachar,
while writing the above article and only summarized to the best of my capacity. If any one can
supplement with better research article, it would be beneficial to bring out the actual facts.)
Sri Pejavara Adhokshaja Mutt Swamiji Sri Vijayadhwaja Tirtharu, met Sri
Jayatirtharu and handed over the Grantha written by him titled Padarathnavali "mSUus" a
Vyakhyana for Srimad Bhagavatha and asked Sri Jayathirtharu to scrutinize the grantha and
bless him. The Vyakhyana is also called as Vijayadhwajeeya vyakhyana "uerkuer
urZrl".
In Soothra Prasthaana :-
i) Brahmasootra Bhashya Teeka - Tatvaprakashika
ii) Anuvyaakyaana Teeka Srimannyaaya Sudha
iii) Nyaaya VivaraNa Teeka
In Geetha Prasthaana : -
i) Geetha Bhashya Teeka Prameya Deepike
ii) Geetha Tatparya Teeka Nyaaya Deepika
In Upanishat Prasthaana :-
i) IshaavasyOpanishad bhaashya Teeka
ii) Shat PrashnOpanishad bhaashya Teeka
In PrakaraNa Granthaas :-
i) Tattva sanKyaana Teeka
ii) Tattva VivEka Teeka
iii) TattvOdyOta Teeka
iv) Maayaavaada KhandaNa Teeka
v) UpadhikhanDana Teeka
vi) Prapanchamithyaatvaanumaana KanDana Teeka
vii) Karma NirNaya Teeka
viii) Kathaa LakshaNa Teeka
ix) PramaaNa laKshaNa Teeka
x) Vishnu Tattva NirNaya Teeka
In Ruk Prasthaana Rugbhaashya Teeka
In Swatantra Granthaas
i) VaadaavaLi ii) PramaNa paddati iii) Padyamaala
(Total Grantha sanKye 55000. Note : for every 32 aksharaas one grantha)
Triteeya adhyaaya (saadhanaadhyaaya) says Those adhikaaree jeevaas must have Virakthi,
bhakthi, jnaana and do upaasaana in order to get Moksha.
This has reference for many nyaayaas viz., AjaakRupaaNi nyaaya, kaakShinyaaya,
kaphONiguDhanyaaya, kUrmarOma nyaaya, gObalIvardaanyaaya, parisaMkyaanyaaya,
pUtikuShmaaNDa nyaaya, bhikShupaada prasaraNa nyaaya, mahaa mallEsha bhaNganyaaya,
vIchI taranganyaaya, suptaprabuddhan nyaaya, etc.
Persons who know Vedanta, when they understand Nityatva of Eshwara from Vedas, they will
also understand that Jeevaas are also Nitya. He says that Jeeva is Nitya and Eshwara is parama
nithya.
Bhagavad Geetha can be summarized as : Jeeva Isha Aikya, Jaganmityaatva, all are
apraamanika. Vishnu is Sarvottama, there is pancha beda, taaratamya, jagat satyatva, etc.
Paramathma is Anantha Kalyana Guna in all his roopaas, avataaraas, he is sarva dosha
vivarjita, sarvottama, he is bhinna from all, all are under him only. He is swatantra. All
Shastraas tell him only.
Jeeva is nitya. Jeeva is bhinna from Eshwara. Bhinna individually, there is taaratamya. Jeeva
is alpa shakta, paratantra, apoorna. Jeevaas are of three types - Uttama, Madhyama and
adhama. Uttama is mukti yogya, madhyama is samsaarayogya, and adhama is tamoyogya.
Vishnu Bhakthi is the superior sadhaane. Vishnu Sarvottamatva Jnaana is the best jnaana.
There is no one which is superior to Moksha. Mukthaas will not have prakruta deha. Even
mukthaas do not have JeevEsha Aikya.
Acharya Madhwa says in the beginning itself svatantraM asvatantraM cha dvividhaM
tattvamiShyatE| xuil Axuil c uk iuqwri|. For this there is a comment that Acharya
Madhwa has not done the Mangalacharana itself while starting the grantha. For this Sri
Jayatirtha has replied that Acharya Madhwa must done the Mangalacharana in mind itself.
Acharya Madhwa being the greatest aastika, this can be inferred easily. There need not be a
suspicion about this. Jayatirtha further states that the word svatantra itself is
Mangalacharana. The best way of calling Vishnu is svatantra xuil - i.e., independent. This
quality rests only in Maha Vishnu and not in anyone else. All are dependent on HIM. As
such, svatantra itself is Mangalacharana for this grantha.
13. Karma nirnaya Teeka This is the Teeka for Srimadacharyas Karma
Nirnaya. The PramEyaas available in this Grantha are meaning for Mahaanaami Ruk,
NiroopaNa of Indraadi sarva naama in Parama mukhyataya Parabrahma.
This grantha has 3 divisions first proves Vishnu is atyantha bhinna from Sarva jagat and he
is sarvottama. Second says Vishnu is supreme than ksharaas brahmaadi and aksharaa
Mahalakshmi. Third says Vishnu is dosha rahita and guNa paripoorna.
This has many tippanees viz., Pandurangi Keshavacharya, Raghoottamaru, Rayaru, Aiji
Acharyaru, Vijayeendraru, Vedesha Tirtharu, Rayachur Acharyaru, Bidarahalli
Srinivasacharyaru and Anantha Bhattaru.
Here he has given the swaroopa lakshana, and its division, and their jnaana sadhanatva,
pramana swatatsva, apraamanya paratastva
Rugveda has 8 Astakaas and 8 mandalaas. Srimadacharyaru has written Bhashya for the first
three adhyaaya of prathama astaka. These three adhyaya has 96 vargaas and 489 Ruk. Veda
has three meanings -
They are - :-
a. agnyaadi dEvataapara artha
b. tadantaryaami paratva
c. Adhyaatma paratva
This has several Tippanees viz., Arogyahari, Keshavacharya Pandurangi, Chalaari
Narasimhachaarya, Kambaalooru Ramachandra Tirtharu, Bidarahalli Srinivasa Tirtharu,
Lakshmi Narayanacvharyaru, Varahaacharyaru, Rayaru, Satyanatharu, Sumateendraru.
20. Padyamaala Here Jayateertharu has briefed about the Bhagavat pooja
paddati based on Tantrasaara sangraha of Srimadacharya. This Grantha has Devata gruha
pravesha, keeping 5 or 7 kalashaas.
Bringing Tulasi and flowers - Flowers must not have been bought or stolen or must not have
been brought from abraahmanaas, it must not have fallen on the floor, the flowers must not
have been packed in a cloth.
Other formalities in Devata Gruha Dikpaalaka namaskara, open the devata gruha with vaayu
mantra, deepam prajvaalya, bhootochaatane, brahmapaara stotra pathana, Gantaanadaana, Peeta
Pooja, AavaraNa pooja, Desha Kaalaadi Sankalpa, praanaayaama, Uchaarane of Beeja mantra,
prarthane of Bhagavantha, kalasha pooja, sthapane of kalasha traya, pongee phala samarpana,
taamboola, dhoopa, neeraajana, pushpaanjali, mantrapushpa, chaamara, vyajana, darpana,
chatra, vaahanaadi, geeta, nrutya, raajopachaara samarpane, dhenu mudraadi pradarshana,
shanka pooja, shankaadi mudra pradarshana, paatra saadhana. Tulasi samarpane,
shankodakena pooja dravya prokshane, inviting Srihari, peeta avaahana, panchamruta
abhisheka, purusha sookta, manyusookta, jitante stotra pathana, vastra samarpana,
sarvaabharana alankara, yajnopaveeta samarpana, tattvan yaasa, maatrukaanyaasa, lakshmee
pooje, dhaaraa pooja, kRudholka, vIrolka, dyulka, sahasrOlka namana, keshavaadi
chaturvimshati naamena pooja, garuda pooja, sauparni pooja. Doopa, deepa, mangalaarathi,
naivedya samarpana, dhenu mudra pradarshana, aposhana, bhojana, paaneeya, uttaraaposhana,
taamboola samarpana, dakshina samarpana, punardhoopa samarpana, neerajana, pushpa
samarpana, kusumaanjali samarpana, vedamantra pathana, chaamara seve. Theertha for Ramaa
brahmaadees, hasta prakshalana, sarva samarpana with Vishnu and end the pooja with
yasyasmrutyaacha mantra.
His ankita raama vittala. It was for the first time that vittala ankita was
introduced in Haridasasahitya, that too by Sri Jayatirtharu. This means that Sri Jayatirtharu is
the next to Sri Narahari Tirtharu for contribution to Kannada Haridasa sahitya.
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Source
Sri Dr. Vyasanakere Prabhanjanacharya
Sri Dr BNK Sharma
Sri Korate Srinivasarao
Sri T S Raghavendran
By Narahari Sumadhwa
No.18, I Main, Rayara Mutt,
Shakambari Nagar
Bengaluru 560070
Ph 09042729165