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SST.PAULS MATRICULATION
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SCIENCE PRACTICAL MANUAL 2017-18

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PREPARED a ia.Ni.N BY a i.Ni.N
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M.G.RAYMOND, s
M.Sc.,
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a a a aDEPARTMENT OF a a
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE, a a
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9442980841 / 9629705161

A.JOHNSONPRABHU, M.Sc., B.Ed.


DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE
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1

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CONTENT
e te t e te t BIO-BOTANY e e
tt e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N I.FRUITS aia. i.
NN
a ia.Ni.N
s aslal Classify
s aslathe
l given fruit and givealareasons
s s
l with diagramsaslal
a daada EX. NO.1 a daada -Tomato
Berry
a daada a daada ada
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EX. NO.2 .P.PAggregate - Polyalthia .P.P .P.P .P.P
EX. NO.3 ww Multiple - Jackfruitww w w ww
wwww wwww wwwII.FLOWERS
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Dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium and
Gynoecium of any locally available flower.
EX. NO.4 Hibiscus rosasinensis
EX. NO.5 Datura metal
EX. NO.6 Clitoriaternatea
e tet e tet III. MICROSLIDEetet e tet
a ia.Ni
EX.
.N NO.7 Identify the
T.S.
given
of a ia.Ni.N
Anther
slide and write notes
a ia.Ni.N
with neat labeled diagram
a ia.Ni.N
s aslal EX. NO.8 L.S. s asoflalOvule s aslal s aslal
adaada adaada IV. PHYSIOLOGICAL a daada EXPERIMENT adaada a da
ww.P.P EX. NO.9 .P.PFermentation Experiment
w w w .P.P (Anaerobic Respiration)
w w .P.P
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ww w w BIO
w w- ZOOLOGY
ww ww V. HUMAN ww ORGANS MODEL wwww wwww
Identify the given model and write notes with neat labeled diagram
EX. NO.10 L.S. of Heart
EX. NO.11 L.S. of Brain
EX. NO.12 L.S. of Kidney
VI. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM MODEL
e teIdentify
t the flag labeled e teendocrine
t gland and write e tet the location, hormones e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.Nsecreted and their functions.
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal EX. NO.13 Thyroid
s as
lal Gland
s as
lal
s as
lal
d ada EX. NO.14 Islets d ada of Longerhans - Pancreas daada daada da
a a EX. NO.15 a a
Adrenal Gland a a a
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VII. EXPERIMENT
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EX. NO.16 Test for Starch ( Iodine
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VIII. MICROSLIDE
Identify the given slide and write notes with neat labeled diagram
EX. NO.17 Red Blood Corpuscles - (Erythrocytes)
EX. NO.18 White Blood Corpuscles - (Leucocyte)
EX. NO.19 Plasmodium
tet Ex. No. 20 Classification seed Monocot
tet andofFunnel tet/ Dicot tet
ent to be

rated by
Experim

demonst

e e e e
teacher.

Ex. No. 21 Test Tube Experiment


a ia.Ni.N Ex. No. 22 Test a ia.Ni.NFor Lipids(Saponification a i.Ni.N Test)
a a ia.Ni.N
ll lal Body Mass Index a(BMI) ll ll
the

sasa Ex. No. 23sasThe s sa sasa


daada:1.Exercise 1 to 19 mustadabe
Note
a
adawritten in the record notedadand
a a
a observation note. dada da
. P.P 2. Exercise 1 to 19.Pwill . P be asked in the Government
. . P.aPa
P.P Public Practical Examination. a
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3. Exercise 20 tow23
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4. Exercise 20wto
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2

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I. FRUIT
Exercise No : 1 e tet e tet
Tomato e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
Question :Classify the given fruit and give reasons with diagram.
a a a a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal
Aim :To identify and classify the given fruit.
s s s aslal s aslal
daada daada daada daada
Identification : The given fruit is identified as L.S. of Tomato.
a a a
Classification : Simple fleshy fruit Berry L.S. of Tomato. (1 Mark) a ada
w .P.P
w Reasons :(2 Marks)
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1.Fruit is developed from the single flower, multicarpellary, syncarpousand superior ovary.
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2.The succulent pericarp is differentiated into outer epicarp and innerfleshy pulp. wwww wwww
3.The mesocarp and endocarp are fused to form the fleshy pulp wherethe seeds are embedded
4.The entire fruit is edible.
Diagram :(2 Marks)L.S. of Tomato Entire fruit

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a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal
____________________________________________________________________________ s aslal
adaada No : 2
Exercise adaada aa
Polyalthia adad a daada a da
ww.P.Question
P
w .P.P fruit and give reasonswwith
: Classify the given
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Aim : To identify and classify the given fruit.
wwww Identification w
: The ww fruit is identified asPolyalthia.
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given w
Classification :Aggregate fruit (e.g.) Polyalthia (1 Mark)
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Reasons:(2 Marks)
1.Polyalthia develops from the single flower with multicarpellaryapocarpous ovary.
2.During fruit formation each free carpel develops into fruitlet.
3.So, there are many fruitlets seen attached to a common stalk.
Diagram :(2 Marks)
Polyalthia e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
adaada a daada a daada a daada a da
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No : 3Jackfruit
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Question :Classify the given fruit and give reasons with diagram
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Aim :To identify and classify the given fruit.
Identification : The given fruit is identified asL.S. of Jackfruit
Classification :Multiple fruit - (e.g.) Jack fruit(1 Mark)
Reasons :(2 Marks)
1.The entire female inflorescence develops into a single fruit.
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2.The fertilized flowers develop into fruitlets.
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a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N
3.Theperianth develops into fleshy edible part.
i i
4.The membranous bag around the seed is the pericarp. a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
aslal
Diagram :(2 Marks)
s saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada
L.S. of Jack fruit
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________________________________________________________________________________
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II. FLOWER
Exercise No : 4 e tet e tet e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
Question : Dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium andGynoecium of any
a a a a a a a ia.Ni.N
aslal
locally available flower
s s aslal s aslal s aslal
daada daada daada daada
Aim :To dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium andGynoecium of any locally
a available flower a a a ada
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Materials Required: Dissection needle, Small knife, white paper, simple microscope, slide, forceps and
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Sellotape.
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Flower taken for dissection : Hibiscus rosasinensis wwww wwww wwww
Procedure :
1.Calyx, Corolla, Androecium and Gynoecium of the flower of Hibiscus rosasinensis are separated and
pasted on a white paper.
2. The parts of Androecium and Gynoecium such as anther, filament, ovary, style and stigma are labeled.
Dissection : 1 Marks
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Display : 1 Marks
e etet e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N
Diagram:( 2 Marks )
i a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada a daada a da
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Gynoecium
_____________________________________________________________________________

Exercise No : 5
Question :Dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium andGynoecium of any
tet
locally available flower
e e tet e tet e tet
Aim :To dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium and
a ia.Ni.N a
Gynoecium of any locally available flower i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
Materials Required :Dissection needle, Small knife, white paper, simple microscope, slide, forceps and
s s s s aslal
adaada
Sellotape.
a daada a daada a daada a da
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Flower taken for dissection :Datura metal
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1.Calyx, Corolla, Androecium and Gynoecium of the flower of Datura metalare separated and pasted on a
white paper.
2. The parts of Androecium and Gynoecium such as anther, filament, ovary, style and stigma are labeled.
Dissection : 1 Marks
Display : 1 Marks
Diagram:( 2 Marks )

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a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
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_______________________________________________________________________________
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Exercise No : 6
e tet e tet e tet
Question : Dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium andGynoecium of any e tet
i .Ni.N
locally available flower
a a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
Aim :To dissect and display the floral parts like Calyx, Corolla, Androecium andGynoecium of any locally
s s s s aslal
daada daada daada daada
available flower
a a a a
Materials Required: Dissection needle, Small knife, white paper, simple microscope, slide, forceps and ada
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Flower taken for dissection :Clitoriaternatea(Sangupoo)
Procedure :
1.Calyx, Corolla, Androecium and Gynoecium of the flower of Clitoriaternateaare separated and pasted on
a white paper.
2. The parts of Androecium and Gynoecium such as anther, filament, ovary, style and stigma are labeled.
Dissection : 1 Marks
Display : 1 Marks
tet
Diagram:( 2 Marks )
e etet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada a daada a da
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III.MICROSLIDE
Exercise No : 7
Question :Identify the given slide with help of microscope and write the reasons with labeled diagram.
Aim:To identify the given slide with help of microscope and to write the reasons with labeled diagram.
Identification:The given microslide is identified as T.S of Anther.(1 Mark)
Reasons :(2 Marks)
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1.Each anther lobe is covered by 4 layered wall.
a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a
2.The inner most layer of the wall is called tapetum. a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
3.Inner to the anther wall pollen sac (microspore) with pollen mother cell(micropore mother cell ) is
s s s s aslal
adaada
present.
a daada a daada a daada a da
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4.The pollen mother cell divides meiotically to produce pollen grains.
w .P.P
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wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

______________________________________________________________________________
tet tet tet tet
Exercise No : 8 e e e e
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N i.Ni.N
Question :Identify the given slide with help of microscope and write the reasons with labeled diagram.
a a a a a a a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
Aim:To identify the given slide with help of microscope and to write the reasons with labeled
s s s s aslal
a daada
Reasons :(2 Marks) a daada adaada
diagram.Identification:The given microslide is identified as L.S of Mature Ovule(1 Mark)
a daada a da
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1.The ovule consists of central nucellus surrounded by two protective coatscalled integuments.
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2.The integuments leave a small opening at the apex of the ovule calledmicropyle.
3.Theembryosac is found inside the nucellus.
4.Embryosac contains Eight nuclei.
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Diagram : (2 Marks)
e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada a daada a daada ada
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_________________________________________________________________________________
IV. PHYSIOLOGICAL EXPERIMENT
Exercise No : 9Fermentation Experiment (Anaerobic Respiration)
Question: Prove the fermentation process.
Aim :To prove the fermentation process.( 1 Mark)
Materials and apparatus required:( 1 Mark)
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Sugar solution, Bakers yeast, conical flask (250ml), Beaker and Limewater.
e e e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N
Procedure:( 1 Mark)
i a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal
1.Take sugar solution with small quantity of bakers yeast in a (2/3) conicalflask.
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2.Close the mouth of the conical flask with one holed rubber cork and insert a delivery tube in the cork.
adaada adaada adaada
3.Immerse the other end of the delivery tube in a beaker containing limewater. a daada a da
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4.Keep the apparatus in sunlight for 2 hours.
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Observation:( 1 Mark)
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1.After 2 hours, it is observed that lime water in the beaker turns milky.
2.Remove the stopper of the flask and an alcoholic smell is observed.
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Inference:( 1 Mark)
1.Due to fermentation of sugar solution, CO2 is released and ethanol isformed.
2.The CO2 turns the lime water milky and the smell is due to the formationof ethanol.
3.Hence the process of fermentation is proved.

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a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
adaada a daada a daada a daada a da
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_________________________________________________________________________________
BIO ZOOLOGY

V. MODEL -HUMAN ORGANS


Exercise No : 10L.S.of Human Heart
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Question :Identify the given model and write the notes with labeled diagram.
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a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N a .Ni.N
Aim : To identify the given model and to write the notes with labeled diagram.
i i ia
Identification:The given model is identified as L.S.of Human Heart. ( 1 Mark) a ia.Ni.N
aslal
Notes:(2 Marks)
s saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada daada daada
1.Heart is a hollow fibro muscular organ, which is conical in shape.
a a a daada a da
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2. Heart is covered by a protective double walled sac called pericardium.
3. Heart is made up of a special type of muscle called cardiac muscle. ww.P.P w .P.P
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4. It has four chambers namely two auricles and two ventricles.
5. Heart is a pumping organ which pumps blood to all parts of the body

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Diagram : (2 Marks)
e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada a daada a daada ada
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w w .P.P
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wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
_____________________________________________________________________________
Exercise No : 11L.S. of Human brain
Question :Identify the given model and write the notes with labeled diagram.
Aim : To identify the given model and to write the notes with labeled diagram.
Identification:(1 Mark)
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The given model is identified as L.S.of Human Brain. e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N
Notes:(2 Marks)
i a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal
1.Human brain is placed inside the cranial cavity.
2. It is covered by three protective coverings called meninges. saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada
3.Human brain is divided into three major parts namely forebrain,midbrainand hind brain. a daada a da
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4. Human Brain contains millions of neurons.
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5. Brain acts as a command and co-ordinating system of human body.
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a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal No : 12L.S. of Humansakidneylal aslal aslal
____________________________________________________________________________________
s
Exercise s s s
daada :Identify the givenadmodel
Question
a a
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a daadalabeled diagram. adaada a da
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with labeled diagram.
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wwww as L.S. of HumanwwKidney.
given model is identified ww wwww wwww
1.Kidney is the principal excretory organ of our body.
2.Kidney is bean shaped paired structure and located in the upper abdominalregion.
3.A thin transparent membrane called capsule covers the kidney.
4.The outer portion of the kidney is renal cortex and the inner portion isrenal medulla.
5.A kidney has about 1.0 millions of functional units called nephrons.
Diagram :(2 Marks)
e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
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w ww.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
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VI. ENDOCRINE GLANDS MODEL
e te t e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada a daada a daada ada
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ExerciseiNo
a .Ni.N: 13Thyroid gland aia.Ni.N
a aia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal :Identify the flag labeled
Question
s s aslaendocrine
l
s s
lal location, hormones secreted
gland and writeathe
s aslal and their
adaada:To identify the flag labeled
functions.
Aim adaadaendocrine gland and toawrite
daada the location, hormonesadasecreted
ada
and their a da
ww.P.functions.
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wwww The marked endocrine wwww wwww gland wwww wwww
Identification:(1 mark)
gland is identified as Thyroid
Location :(1 mark)
Thyroid gland is a bilobed gland located in the neck region oneither side of the Trachea.
Hormones secreted: Thyroxine(1 Mark)
Functions of Hormones:(2 Marks)
1.Thyroxine increases the basal metabolic rate (BMR).

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2. It increases the body temperature.
3. It is a personality hormone. e tet e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i.Ni.N
4. It regulates Iodine and sugar level in the blood.
a a a a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
5.Deficiency of thyroxine results in Simple goiter, Myxoedema andcretinism.
s s s s aslal
adaada a daada
6.Excessive secretion causes Graves diseases.
a daada
__________________________________________________________________________________ a daada a da
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Exercise No : 14Pancreas Islets of longerhans
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Question :Identify the flag labeled endocrine gland and write the location, hormones secreted and their
functions.
Aim :To identify the flag labeled endocrine gland and to write the location, hormones secreted and their
functions.
Identification:(1 Mark)The marked endocrine gland is identified as Islets of Longerhans in thePancreas.
Location:(1 Mark)Islets of Longerhans are seen embedded in Pancreas which islocated in the abdominal
region.
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Hormones secreted:(1 Mark)
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1. cells secrete glucagon and
i .Ni.N
2. cells secrete Insulin and amylin.
a a a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
aslal
Functions of Hormones:(2 Marks)
s saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada daada daada
1. Insulin converts glucose into glycogen and deposite in liver and muscles.
a a a daada a da
w .P.P
w ww.P.P
2. Glucagon converts glycogen into glucose.
ww.P.P ww.P.P
3.Insulin and glucagon together controls the blood sugar level (80 120 mg/100ml)by their antagonistic w .P.P
w
wwww function.
wwww
4. Decrease in Insulin level causes Diabetes mellitus. wwww wwww wwww
_________________________________________________________________________________
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Exercise No : 15Adrenal gland
e tet e tet e tet
Question :Identify the flag labeled endocrine gland and write the location, hormones secreted and their e tet
functions.
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
Aim :To identify the flag labeled endocrine gland and to write the location, hormones secreted and their
s s s s aslal
daada daada daada daada
functions.
a Identification:(1 Mark) a a a ada
w .P.P
w w .P.P
The marked endocrine gland is Adrenal gland.
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Location:(1 Mark)
Adrenal glands are located above each kidney in the abdominal region.
Hormones secreted:(1 Mark)
Adrenal cortex Aldosterone and Cortisone.
Adrenal medulla Adrenaline and Nor-Adrenaline
Functions of Hormones:(2 Marks)
1.Aldosterone Regulates mineral metabolism.
2. Cortisone - Regulates carbohydrate metabolism.
e tet etet e tet
3.Adrenalin and Nor Adrenalin prepare the body to face the stressand emergency conditions. e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
4.Adrenalin and Nor Adrenalin hormones are called Emergencyhormones and they increase the heart beat
a a a a a a a ia.Ni.N
aslal
rate and respiratoryrate.
s s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada VII .EXPERIMENT adaada
________________________________________________________________________________
a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
Exercise No :16Test for Starch ( Iodine test)
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Question : Find out the presence of starch in the given food samples of A and B by using Iodine solution.
Aim :To find out the presence of starch in the given food samples of A and B by using Iodine solution.
MATERIALS REQUIRED: (1 mark) Food sample A and B, Iodine solution, Test tubes, Test tube
holder,Test tube stand etc.
PROCEDURE: (1 mark)
1.Take 1 ml of food sample A and B in separate test tubes.
2.Add one drop of Iodine solution in both test tubes and mix well.

TABLE: (2 mark) e tet


3. Observe thecolour change and record.
e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N Food Sample a i.Ni.N Observation aia.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal
S. No.
saslal s aslal aslal
Presence/Absence
s
adaada1 A
a daadNo
a Characteristic change dada
a a Absencedaof
a a dastarch a da
ww.P.P .P.P .P.P .P.P .P.P
2 Bww ww
Dark blue colourappears w w
Presence of starch w w
wwww RESULT: (1 mark)The wwwwfood sample B containswstarch.
www wwww wwww
__________________________________________________________________________________
VIII. MICROSLIDE
Exercise No : 17 Red Blood Corpuscles
Question :Identify the given slide with help of microscope and write the reasons with labeled diagram.
Aim:To identify the given slide with help of microscope and to write the reasons with labeled diagram.
e tet
Identification:(1 Mark)
e tet
The given slide is identified as Red Blood Corpuscles - (Erythrocytes) e tet e tet
i .Ni.N
Reasons: (2 Marks)
a a a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal
1.RBCs are circular, biconcave and disc shaped.
s s s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada adaada
2.The young RBCs have nuclei but the mature RBCs do not have nuclei.
3.RBCs are red due to the presence of a respiratory pigment calledhaemoglobin. a daada a da
w .P.P
w ww.P.P
4.RBCs are concerned with carriage of oxygen. ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
5.Decrease in RBCs causes Anaemia, Increase in numbercausesPolycythemia.

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Diagram :(2 Marks)
e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada a daada a daada ada
ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
ww wwwwBlood Corpuscles (Leucocyte) wwww
____________________________________________________________________________
ww Exercise No : 18 White wwww wwww
Question :Identify the given slide with help of microscope and write the reasons with labeled diagram.
Aim:To identify the given slide with help of microscope and to write the reasons with labeled diagram.
Identification:(1 Mark)
The given slide is identified as White Blood Corpuscles (Leucocyte)
Reasons: (2 Marks)
1.WBCs are amoeboid in shape.
e tet
2.WBCs have a prominent nuclei. etet e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N a .Ni.N
3.WBCs are concerned with phagocytosis of foreign germs and productionof antibodies which provides
i i i a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal
immunity against infection.
s aslal
4.There are five different types of WBC. saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada
5.Increase in WBCs causes Leukemia, decrease in number causesLeukopenia. a daada a da
w .P.P
w
Diagram :(2 Marks)
w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a a.Ni.N a .Ni.N
a a a.Ni.N
________________________________________________________________________________
i i i a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal aslal
Exercise No : 19Plasmodium
s s s s
Question :Identify the given slide with help of microscope and write the reasons with labeled diagram.
adaada daada daada daada
Aim:To identify the given slide with help of microscope and to write the reasons with labeled diagram.
a a a a da
w .P.P
w
Identification:(1 Mark)
w .P.P
w
The given slide is identified as Plasmodium ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww Reasons: (2 Marks)
wwww
1.Plasmodium is a protozoan organism.
wwww wwww wwww
2. Plasmodium parasite causes Malaria.
3. Plasmodium is transmitted to man through female Anopheles mosquito.
4. Life cycle of Plasmodium requires two hosts namely man and femaleAnopheles mosquito.
5.The infective stage of Plasmodium is Sporozoite.
Diagram :(2 Marks)
e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
w .P.P
w ww.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
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Ex.No. :20Dissect and display the seed
e tet e tet
Aim ;Dissect and display the dicot and monocot seeds. e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
Materials required :Bean seed, corn seed, dissection needle, small knife, 100 ml beaker, and water.
a a a a a a a ia.Ni.N
aslal
Procedure :
s s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada
1. Take the soaked bean and corn seeds.
a daada
2.With the help of dissection needle and small knife remove the seed coatof the soaked seeds. a daada ada
w .P.P
w w .P.P
3. Use small knife to split the bean seed.
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
4. With the help of small knife take the longitudinal section of corn seed.
5. Display the dissected seeds for observation.
Observation:
Dicot seed :1.A bean seed(dicot) has a tiny embryo tucked between two halves of the seed.
2.These two halves of a bean seed are cotyledons.
Monoctseed : 1.The corn seed (Monocot) has a tiny embryo inside it.
2.The endosperm food is stored around the embryo.
e tet etet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

Ex. No.21Test tube and funnel experiment

e tet e tet
Aim :To prove that Oxygen is evolved during Photosynthesis.
Materials required:Test tube, funnel, beaker, pound water and Hydrilla plant. e tet e tet
Procedure:
a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
1.Take a few twigs of Hydrilla plant in a beaker containing pond water.
s s s s aslal
adaada a daada
2.Place an inverted funnel over the plant.
a daada
3.Invert a test tube filled with water over the stem of the funnel. a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
4.Keep the apparatus in the Sunlight for few hours.
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Observation:
After one hour, it is noted that water gets displaced down from the testtube.

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada
Inference: a daada adaada a daada a da
ww.P.During
P Photosynthesis Oxygen
w w.P.P is evolved as a byproduct.
ww.P.P Gas bubblesliberatedwfrom .P.Pthe Hydrilla plant ww.P.P
w
ww reach the top of the testww w
tube and itdisplaces the water
ww stick near the mouthwwof the test tube. Increased wflame w downwards. Take the test
w will be appeared.Hence, w wtube and keep the burningww
wwit is proved that Oxygen isww
evolved during photosynthesis.
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e tet
Ex.No. 22Test for lipids (Saponification Test) e tet e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
Aim :To find out the presence of Fat in the given food samples A and B bysaponification test.
a a a a a a a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
Materials required:Test tubes, Test tube holder Test tube stand, Food samplesA and B, 5% NaOH.
s s s s aslal
a daada
Procedure:
a daada a daada
1.Take 1 ml of sample solution A and B in a clean test tube separately. a daada ada
w .P.P
w w .P.P
2.Add 2 ml of 5% NaOH in each test tube and shake well.
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
3. After noting the changes the results are tabulated.
wwww Observation: wwww wwww wwww wwww
Sample A :Appearance of soapy solution.
Sample B : No change
Table:
Sample Observation Inference
A Appearance of soapy solution Lipid is presnt
B No change Lipid is absent
Result: e tet etet e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N i
Appearance of soapy solution in sample Aindicate the presence of fat in it.
a a a a a .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
daadaNO:23THE BODY MASS
EX.
a adaada INDEX adaada a daada a da
ww.P.P
QUESTION:To .P.P
calculate the BMI of any one of .P.P
your classmates by using .P.P
the BMI formula. .P.P
Aim: To calculate thewBMI w of a person by usingwBMI w formula. w w w w
wwww MATERIALS REQUIRED: wwww Weighing machine,wwww Measuring tape. wwww wwww
PROCEDURE:
1.Find out the weight of your classmate by using weighing machine.
2.Find out the height of the same person by using measuring tape.
3.Calculate BMI by using the BMI formula
Weight (Kg)
BMI = --------------------
etet Heightete(mt 2) etet e tet
4.Findaout ia.Ni.Nthe BMI and record.aia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
TABLE:
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
adaada a daada a daada a daada a da
w .P.P
w S. No. w .P.P
w
Persons
Weight .P.P Height
(kg) ww (meter)
Height .P.BMI
(meter2)ww
P = Weight /
w .P.P
w
w
ww w w
ww w www w w w
w w Height(m2)
wwww
1.5X 1.5
1 S.Kannan 50 1.5
50/2.25=22.2
= 2.25
INFERENCE:The BMI of my classmate SelvanS.Kannan is 22.2 and so he is normal.
(BMI = Below 19 lean, 19 25 normal, above 25 obese)

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
w .P.P
w ww.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
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PART 1 etet PHYSICALeteSCIENCE t PRACTICALS e tet e tet


1. Exercise
a ia.Ni.1Nto 7of PART 1 mustaibea.Ni.written
N in the record noteiand
a .Ni.Nobservation note. aia.Ni.N
a
aslal 1 to 7 of PART 1 swill
2. Exercise
s aslalbe asked inCHEMISTRY
the Government
s aslalPublic Practical Examination.
s aslal
a daadno
Ex.
a
a daada a daada
Experiment a daada ada
w .P.P
w ww.P.Pwith a solid sample. Prepare
You are provided w .P.Pa solution and identifywthe
w .P.Ptype of solution basedww.P.P
w
1
w
ww w w ww
w w wwon filtration
w wwww wwww
You are provided with a sample solution. Perform the following tests and identify
2.
whether the given sample is an acid or a base
You are provided with samples A&B. Identify if the samples are acids/
3. bases/neutral by using pH paper

e tet etet PHYSICS e tet e tet


Ex. nolaliai
.N.N a ia.Ni.N Experiment ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s asa s aslal saslal s aslal
adaad4a adaada ScrewadaadGauge
a
a daada a da
ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww 5 wwww wwwwLaw Verification wwww
Ohms
wwww
6 Mapping of magnetic field
Focal length of convex lens
7

etet
PART 2PHYSICAL etet
SCIENCE PRACTICALS e tet
Ni.N 8 to 12 of PART i.Ni2.Ncan be written only in thei.Niobservation e tet
1.ia.Exercise
a a a a a .N note. a ia.Ni.N
s asla2.l Exercise 8 to 12 of PART saslal 2 will not be asked insathes
lalGovernment Public Practical
s aslal
daada
Examination.
a a daada a daada a daada a da
ww.P.P w w.P.P CHEMISTRY
w w.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww Ex.no Prepare wwwwa solution from the given wwwsalt
wExperiment wwww
and identify whether it is an unsaturated solution or
wwww
8
saturated solution
Identify the basic radical presence in the given salt using sodium hydroxide
9 solution
Identify the carboxylic or alcoholic functional group present in the given organic compound
10 e te t by performing the following e tet test 1) Blue litmus papere te2)t Sodium carbonate 3) Acidifiede tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N i.Ni.N
potassium dichromate
a a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal PHYSICS saslal s aslal
ada
daEx.no daada daada
Experiment daada da
a a a a a
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P in Series
Resistors
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w
11
wwww 12
w www w ww
w Glass prism
wwww wwww
//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
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PART 1 CHEMISTRY
tt tet tet tet
e e e e e
a a.Ni.N
based on filtration a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N
Ex.No.1. You are provided with a solid sample. Prepare a solution and identify the type of solution
i i i a ia.Ni.N
Aim:( s asla1l Mark ) s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daadaTo prepare a solutionadafromada the solid sample and
a daadidentify
a daada based on
the type of solution
a ada
w .P.filtration.
w
P
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P ww.P.P
Materials required w:
wwww Beaker, water, wwwglass rod, filter papers, wwwtest
w
tube, test tube stand, wwwfunnel
w
and given solidww
ww
sample.(sugar, chalk powder)
Note:
True solution - Homogenous and particles do not remain in the filter paper.
Suspension - Heterogeneous and particles remain in the filter paper.
Procedure:( 2 Marks )
etet Experiment etet Observationetet Inference e tet
Take 50ml a ia.Ni.ofNwater in a beaker. aia.Ni.N A) Solute particles
a ia.Ni.Ndo not a) True solution.
a ia.Ni.N
Add the
s aslalgiven solid sample, into s aslathe
l beaker remain in the
saslafilter
l paper.
s aslal
adaadastir
and
glass rod.
the content gently dwith
Filter the solutiona a
ada the help of
by using filter (OR) adaada a daada
(OR) a da
w .P.Paper.
w
P
w w.P.P b)w .P.P particles remain inww.b)P.PSuspension.
Solute
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
the filter paper.

Result:( 2 Marks )
The given solid sample forms ___________ Solution (True/Suspension).
Ex. No. 2.You are provided with a sample solution. Perform the following tests and identify whether
the given sample is an acid or a base
a) Phenolphthalein b) Methyl orangec) Sodium carbonate d) Zinc granules
e tet e tet
Aim : To identify the presence of an acid or a base in a given sample. e tet e tet
i .Ni.N
Materials required:
a a a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal
granules and the given sample. saslal s aslal s aslal
Test tubes, test tube stand, glass rod, phenolphthalein, methyl orange, sodium carbonate salt, zinc

adaada
Note: a daada a daada a daada a da
w .P.P
w
S.No Reactant
w .P.P
w ww.P.P
Reaction with acid
w .P.P
Reaction with base
w w .P.P
w
1 Phenolphthalein Colourless Pink
wwww 2
3
wwww
Methyl orange
Sodium carbonate
wwww
Pink
Brisk effervescence
wwww
Yellow
No Brisk effervescence
wwww
Occurs
4 Zinc granules Bubbles come out. Bubbles do not come out.
Procedure:
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
( Colour change)
1 tet tet No change in colour tet Presence of tet
e
Phenolphthalein is added in drops to 5mle e acid. e
i .Ni.N
of test solution
a a a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
2
s aslal saslal
Methyl orange is added in dropsto 5ml of aslal
Turns pink in colour
s Presence of
s aslal
a daada
3
test solution
a daada
A pinch ofSodium carbonate is adaada
Brisk effervescence
acid.
a daada
Presence of a da
w .P.P
w ww.P.P
added to5ml of test solution
ww.P.P occurs
ww.P.P
acid.
w .P.P
w
4 Little of zinc granules is added to5ml of Bubbles come out. Presence of
wwww test solution wwww wwww wwww acid. wwww
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Result:
e tet
The given test solution contains Acid e tet e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N
//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
i i i a ia.Ni.N
s
S.No aslal Experiment s aslal (OR)
Observation s aslal Inference s aslal
a daada a daada daada
(Colour change)
a a daada ada
w .P.P
w
1
w .P.P
w
Phenolphthalein is added in drops to w .P.P
Turns pink in colour.
w
Presence of
Base w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww 2 wwww
5ml of test solution
Methyl orange is added indrops to5ml wwww
Turns yellow in Presence of wwww wwww
of test solution colour. Base
3 a pinch ofSodium carbonate is No brisk effervescence Presence of
added to5ml of test solution Occurs Base
4 little of zinc granules is added to5ml of Bubbles do not Presence of
test solution come out. Base

Result: e tThe
e t given test solution contains etet Base e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N aia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
Scoring
s aslamethod
l (Aim-1 mark
s
lal
aprocedure-2mark
s aslal )
Result -2mark
s s aslal
daadNo.
Ex.
a
a 3 . You are provided with
a daada samples A&B. Identifyadifaadthea samples are acids/ bases/neutral
a daada by
a da
w .P.using
w
P pH paper
w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
Aim:
w
ww w To identify w wwnature
the w of the given solution wwwbywusing pH paper wwww wwww
Materials required:
Sample solutions A&B, pH paper, glass rod and watch glass
Note :
PH< 7 acidic nature
PH> 7 Basic nature
PH = 7 neutral
Procedure: e tet e tet e tet e tet
a
Experiment
ia.Ni.N Test Sample aia.Ni.N Observation aia.Ni.N Inference a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
Nature of solution
adaada a daada Produced
Colour
a daadaP
Approximate
H a daada a da
ww.P.Add
P a drop of
w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww on the pH wwww(A) wwww wwww Acid wwww
each sample lemon juice
Red 2
paper and
observe the
colour change. Baking soda
Blue 8 Base
(B)

Result:
e tet
1. The given sample A isacid e tet e tet e tet
1. la
ila.Ni.given
The
N i.Ni.N
sample B is base lala a i.Ni.N
a
lal -2mark ) a ia.Ni.N
s asaScoring method (Aim-1 mark sasa procedure-2mark saResult s s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
w .P.SCIENCE
w
P
//The one who is lazy becomes w .P.P poor, but the one whowworks
w w.P.P DILIGENTLY becomeswwwealthy.
.P.P // w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
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tet PART tet -1 PHYSICSt t tet


e e e e e
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.NEx. No. 4 : Screw Gauge a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
a lal a lal a lal a lal
s s
ada : To find out the thickness s s
adofa the given one rupee coin.dada s s s s
Aim
a d
a
Materials required: Screw a da
gauge, One rupee coin. a a a daada ada
w .P.Formula
w
P
w .P.)P
:( 1 Mark
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
w w Least count = ____P_i_tc_h____(
w w mm)
ww No. Ofw w
HSD wwww wwww wwww
Thickness = P.S.R + (H.S.C X L.C) Z.C (mm)
Note:
No zero error- the zero of the head scale coincides with the pitch scale axis
Positive Zero Error-the zero of the head scale lies below the pitch scale axis
Negative Zero error -the zero of the head scale lies above the pitch scale axis
Procedure:( 1 Mark )
e tet etet
1. Find the least count and the zero error of the screw gauge. e tet e tet
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
2. Place the given coin firmly between two studs.
a a a a ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
3. Note the pitch scale reading (PSR) and the head scale division (HSC).
s s s s aslal
adaada adaada
4. Repeat the experiment for different positions of the coin.
adaada
5. Tabulate the readings. The average of the readings gives the thickness of the coin. a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Table: 01( 1 + 1 = 2 Marks)

Pitch =1mm L.C =0.01mm Z.E =nil Z.C =nil

Trial P.S.R H.S.C H.S.C x L.C Thickness of the coin =


No. (mm) (mm) P.S.R + (H.S.C X L.C) Z.C (mm)
1. 1 29 0.29 1+(0.29) = 1.29
tt tet tet tet
2. 1e e 31 e0.31 e
1+(0.31) = 1.31 e
a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal Mean s aslal 1.30
s aslal
daada 1 Mark )
Result:(
a a daada a daada a daada a da
ww.P.P The thickness of
w .P.P
the
w
given coin = 1.30 mm
w w.P.P w w.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww (Least count 1 markwProcedure
www 1 mark Tabulation wwww1+1 mark Result +unit 1wmark) www wwww
Additional
Table: 02 ( negative zero error)
Pitch =1mm L.C =0.01mm Z.E = -0.05mm Z.C = +0.05mm
Trial P.S.R H.S.C H.S.C x L.C Thickness of the coin =
No. (mm) (mm) P.S.R + (H.S.C X L.C) Z.C (mm)
1. 1 e tet 27 e tet
0.27 e tet
1+(0.27)+0.05 = 1.32 e tet
2. a ia.Ni.N1 26 a ia.Ni.N0.26 a ia
Ni.N
.1+(0.26)+0.05 = 1.31 a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada Mean a a
a dad adaada 1.31
a daada a da
ww.P.Result:
P
w .P.P
w ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
The thickness of the given coin =1.31 mm
wwww //The one who is lazy wwwbecomes
w wwww w ww
w
poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
wwww

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Table: 03 ( positive zero error)
Pitch =1mm e tet
L.C =0.01mm Z.E = +e0.05mm tet Z.C = - 0.05mm e e
tt e tet
Trial
a i .Ni.N
P.S.R
a H.S.C
a ia.NH.S.C
i .N x L.C a i .Ni.N of the coin = aia.Ni.N
Thickness
a
No.
s aslal
(mm)
s aslal (mm) s as
lal + (H.S.C X L.C) Z.C (mm)
P.S.R
s as
lal
d ada
1. 1 34
d ada 0.34
d ada 1+(0.34)-0.05 = 1.29dada da
a a a a a a a a a
w .P.P 2.
w
1
w .P.P
36
w
0.36
w .P.P
w
1+(0.36)-0.05 =.P
w w .P
1.31
ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Mean 1.30

Result:
The thickness of the given coin = 1.30 mm

Ex. No. 5 . Ohms Law Verification


Aim:To determine the resistance of the given wire and to verify the Ohms law.
Apparatus required:
e tet etet e tet e tet
A resistor.N of.Nunknown value, an ammeter .Ni.N (0-5 A), a voltmeteraia.(0-10V),
Ni.N a battery eliminator, .Ni.Nplug key
a ia
and connecting i wires. a ia a ia
s aslal Mark)
Formula:( s aslal saslal s aslal
Vdada daada daada daada da
a a Resistance of the a
wire R = ohms a a a
w .P.PI
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwdifference in volt (V) voltwwww wwww wwww
V - Potential
w w
I - Current in ampere (A) ampere
Circuit diagram : ( Mark )

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
lal 1 Mark )
Procedure:(
aup aslal aslal aslal
1. Sets s the circuit as shown
ada the readings of the ammeter in s
figure. s s
2.daNote
a a daada and voltmeter when 2V a
ada is applied in the circuit.
daVoltage a daada a da
ww.P.3.P Repeat the experimentwby .P.varying
w
P the rating of the battery
ww.P.P eliminator and recordww .P.P
them.
w .P.P
w
Table ( 1 Mark )
wwww No. Sl. Voltagew
ww w
applied
in the circuit
Ammeter ww Voltmeter reading, V wwResistance of the
reading, I
ww (in volt)
ww resistor
wwww
(in volt) (in ampere) R=V/I
(in ohm)
1 2 0.3 0.6 2
2 4 0.6 1.2 2
3 6 0.9 1.8 2
4 8 1.3 2.6 2
e tet e tet Mean e tet 2 e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
Meanavalue lal of resistance R of the resistor
a lal = ___2____ a lal a lal
s s s s s s s s
daada daada daada daada
calculation
a a a a a da
ww.P.1,P VR == V/I
0.6V; I = 0.3A 2, V =.P1.2V;
w .P I = 0.6A; 3. V =R1.8V;
Rw= V/I w
I =.P
= V/I w
.P 4, V= 2.6V;
0.9; I = 1.3A; .P.P
R = V/I ww w .P.P
w
wwww = 2= 0.6/0.3 = 2
wwww = 1.2/0.6
= 2
w=w
w w
1.8/0.9
= 2
w www
= 2.6/1.3
wwww
//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
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Graph:( 1 Mark )
e tet e tet e tet
1.Draw the x and y axes with a suitable scale for I and V values and mark its value on the graph paper. e tet
a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N
2, Join all the points and find the slope between two points P and Q on the graph paper which gives the
i i i a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal
resistance of the resistor used in the circuit.
s aslal s aslal
3. Extend the straight line of the graph backwards to check whether it passes through the origin of the graph.
a daada a daada a daada a daada ada
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

e tet etet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
adaada a daada a daada a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
1.8 -1.2 0.6
Slope = ------- = --- =2
0.9 - 0.6 0.3

Result:( 1 Mark ) tet tet tet tet


e e
1. Resistance R of the resistor obtained from the calculations =2 ohm. e e
i .Ni.N i .Ni.N
2. Resistance R of the resistor obtained from the graph = 2 ohm.
a a a a a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal
3. The graph between V and I is a straight line and passes through the origin. This verifies the Ohms law.
s s s s aslal
daada 1/2 mark Circuit Diagram
(Formula
a a daada1/2 mark Procedure 1 markadaTabulation
ada 1 mark Graph 1 mark
a daada a da
ww.P.P
Result + unit 1 mark)
w .P.P
w w w.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww //The one who is lazy wwwbecomes
w wwww wwww
poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
wwww
Ex. No. 06 Mapping of magnetic field
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Aim:
e tet e tet e tet
To map the magnetic field due to a Bar Magnet placed in a Magnetic Meridian with its North-pole e tet
a a.Ni.N
pointing towards North.
i a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
daada required:
Apparatus
a a d
a
ada
a d
a
ada
a d
a
ada
ada
w .P.P
w
Compass
ww.P.P
Needle, sheets of white paper and
ww.P.P
Bar magnet.
w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
N

S
e tet etet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada a daada a da
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

Procedure:
1. A bar magnet is placed on the magnetic meridian such that its north pole points towards geographic north.
2. Mark the positions of two ends of the needle as you move the compass needle from North Pole to South Pole.
e tet
3. The dots are joined as a smooth curve
e tet e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N a .Ni.N
4. Repeat the above procedure and draw as many lines as you can
i ia a ia.Ni.N
5 Drawn curved lines represent the direction and the magnetic field of the magnet a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
adaadmagnetic
The
a
Result:
daada when the bar magnetaisdaplaced
lines of force areamapped
ada
a daadgeographic
with itsNorth Pole facing
a
north. a da
w .P.The
w
P mapped sheet is attached.P.P
w w ww.P.P w w.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Magnetic meridian 1 mark Procedure 1 mark Tabulation 1+ 1 mark Result + unit 1 mark

07.Focal length of convex lens


Aim:
To determine the focal length of the given convex lens by
e tet
I. distance object method II.u-v method
e tet e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N
Materials required :
i a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a
Convex lens, lens stand, white screen, meter scale, and illuminated wire gauze. a ia.Ni.N
aslal
Formula : (1 mark)
s saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada
Focal length of the convex lens by u-v method
adaada a daada a da
ww.P.f=UV/U+V
P cm
ww.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
u - is the distance between the lens and the object cm
ww
ww v - is the distance between wwww the lens and the image. cm wwww wwww wwww
//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
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Procedure: (1 mark)
e tet
Distant object method: e tet e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N
1.The convex lens is mounted on the stand and is kept facing a distant object
i i a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal aslal
2.The position of the white screen and the convex lens isadjusted to get a clear, diminished and inverted image of
s
the object s s s
a daada daada daada daada
3. The distance between the convex lens and the screen is measured which gives the focal length of theconvex lens
a a a ada
ww.P.uP v method:
(f).
ww.P.P w .P.P
w w w.P.P ww.P.P
wwww 1.2 .Four
Convex lens mountedwon
wwchosen
values of u ware
a stand is placed in front w
such that the two w wofwtheofilluminated
values wwwother
wire gauze at
u less than 2f and the
wa certain distance.
two values of u greater wwww
than 2f.
3. The screen is adjusted to get a clear image.
4. The distance between the lens and the screen is taken as v and it is measured for each experimental value of u
5. Tabulate the readings. The average of the readings gives focal length of the convex lens by u-v method
Table : (1 mark)
TrialNo. Nature of image Object distance Image distance Focal length
e te t e
u
te t
cm vcme e
t t f=UV/U+V e tet
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N aia.Ni.N cm
a ia.Ni.N
l l u <2f(magnified) alal 30
1sasa aslal 60 aslal
s s s s
20
adaad2a u <2f(magnified) dada
a a 35
adaada 46 a daad20a a da
w .P.P 4
w
3 u > 2f(
w
u > 2fdiminished
.P.P
diminished
w
45
50 ww.P.P 36
33 w .P.P 20
w
20
w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Mean 20

Result: (1 mark)
The focal length of the given convex lens by
i. Distance object method (f) = 20 cm
ii.U-V Method (f) = 20 cm

CALCULATION: e tet e tet e tet e tet


1.u=30 cm;.N .Ncmf=cm;UV/U+V2. Ucmf=
v=60 = 35 cm; .vN.=N46 cm 3.u = 45 cm; v =.N .Ncm; 4.u=50cm; v=33cm;
36 .Ni.N
a ia i a ia i a ia i a ia
aslal ll asla=l50*33/50+33 aslal
f= UV/U+V UV/U+V cmf= UV/U+V cm
s
= 30*60/30+60= 35*46/35+46 sasa = 45*36/45+36 s s
ada
=d1800/90 d ada
= 1610/81 = 1620/81 dada = 1650/83 d ada da
a a a a a a a a a
w .P.P
w
= 20 cm
w .P.P
w
= 19.8 cm
w .P.P
w
= 20 cm =
w .P.P
19.8
w
cm
w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww
1+1markResult + unit 1 w
www wwww
(Formula 1 mark Procedure 1 mark Tabulation mark)

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
w .P.P
w ww.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
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tet PART
tet 2 CHEMISTRY etet tet
e
Ex.No.8..NPrepare
e e
a ia i .N a solution fromaithe .Ni.Ngiven
a
salt and identify whether
saturated solution a ia.Ni.N it is an unsaturated a ia.Nsolution
i .N or
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada( 1 Mark
Aim:
To
)
prepare a a
solution
d
a
ada
from the given salt and a d
a
ada
identify whether it is an a d
a
ada
unsaturated solution or ada
w .P.saturated
w
P solution. w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
Materials required :Beaker, 50 ml of water, a glass rod and NaCl salt.

Preparation of saturated and an unsaturated solution:

5g or 10g or 20g of NaCl in 100 ml water forms unsaturated solution.


36g of NaClin 100 ml of water at room temperature forms saturated solution

e tet etet e tet


//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. // e tet
Note:
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
Unsaturated solution- A solution in which the solute is in lesser amount in comparison with the solvent
Saturated solution- A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved in a at a definite amount of solvent
adaada
given temperature
adaada adaada a daada a da
w .P.Procedure:
w
P
( 2 Marks )ww
.P.P ww.P.P ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww
Experiment
wwww Observation wwww Inference
wwww
1. Take 100ml of water in a beaker. a) No more salt particles a) The solution is
Add 20g of NaCl into the beaker and stir well remain in the beaker. Unsaturated..

2. Take 100ml of water in a beaker. Add 36g of b) Less amounts of salt


NaCl into the beaker and stir well remains in the beaker.
b) The solution is
e tet e tet e tet saturated solutiont t
ee
. N.
iaMarks
i )N .
iaiN. N .
iaiN. N .
iaiN. N
Result:(a2 a a a
l l
asa salt forms _________ solution l l l l l l
The sgiven
a a a saasa (Unsaturated/ saturated). a saasa a saasa
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a dad a dad a dad a dad a da
ww.P.Ex.
P No.9. Identify the basic.P.radical
w w
P presence in the given
w w.P.P salt using sodium hydroxide w .P.P solution
w ww.P.P
wwww To identify the basicwradical www present in the givenwsaltwwwby the action of sodium w www solution. wwww
Aim :
hydroxide
Materials required:
Test tube, test tube stand, sodium hydroxide solution distilled water and given salt( copper sulphate, Iron
sulphate, aluminum chloride).
NOTE:
Basic radical is the cation or positive ion from the "parent" base/alkali (most often a metal ion)
Theory:
tet tet tet
Most of the metals generally form precipitate of respective metal hydroxide with sodium hydroxide solution
e e e e tet
ila.Ni.N
1. laCuSO + 2 NaOH la----- ila.Ni.N Cu(OH) a i.Ni+.NNa SO .
a a ia.Ni.N
s
4(aq)
asacoppersulphate sasa (aq)

s aslal precipitate
2(s)
Bluish white
2 4

s aslal
a daada a daada adaada a daada a da
w .P.Iron
w
P 2. Fe SO 4(aq) + .P.P
2 NaOH
sulphateDirty greenwprecipitate
w
-----
(aq)
w .P.P
Fe(OH)
w
2(s) + Na So
w
2
w.P.P 4
w .P.P
w
wwww 3. AlCl 3(aq)
wwww
+ 3 NaOH -----
(aq)
wwww
Al(OH) 3 (s)
w
+ 3 NaCl
ww
w wwww
Aluminum chloride White precipita
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Procedure:
e tet e tet e tet
Dissolve few grams of the given salt in 10 ml of distilled water. This solution is called salt solution e tet
a a.Ni.N
Experiment
i a a.Ni.N
Observation
i a ia.Ni.N
Inference
a ia.Ni.N
Sodiums aslahydroxide
l test aslal white
a)sBluish a)
s aslaPresence
l of cupric ion(Cu+2)s aslal
a daada a
ada
daprecipitate
(OR)
formed
a d
a
ada(OR)
a d
a
ada
ada
ww.P.To
P the salt solution
ww.P.P b) Dirty green ww.P.P b) Presence of ferrous w .Pion
w .P (Fe+2) ww.P.P
wwww solution in drop by wdrop
add sodium hydroxideww precipitate formed ww
w (OR) ww (OR) wwww wwww
c) White c) Presence of Aluminum ion (Al+3).
precipitate formed

Result: The given salt contain _____basic radical.(cupric ion/ ferrous ion/ Aluminum ion)
Scoring method (Aim-1 mark procedure-2mark Result -2mark )

tet tet tet


//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
e e e e tet
a a.Ni.N a a.Ni.N
compound by performing the following test a .Ni.N
Ex. No. 10 Identify the carboxylic or alcoholic functional group present in the given organic
i i i a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
ada litmus paper 2) Sodiumdacarbonate
1)dBlue da daada dichromate
3) Acidified potassium daada da
a a a a a a a
ww.P.To
P identify the carboxylic or.P.alcoholic
Aim : ( 1 Mark )_
ww
P functional group w
P.P in the given organic .compound
.present
w w
P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww solution, acidified potassium
wwww dichromate solutionwand
tubes, blue litmus paper,w
wwthe given organic compound(ethanol,
wwww ww
Materials required:Test glass rod sodium carbonate salt phenolphthalein
Acetic acid). ww
Note:
S.N Reactant Reaction with ethanol Reaction with Acetic acid
o (alcohol) (carboxylic acid)
1 Blue litmus paper No change. Blue litmus paper turns into red.
2 Sodium carbonate salt No brisk effervescence. Brisk effervescence
3 acidified potassium The red orange No change in colour .
e tet
dichromate solution tet
solution turns green
e e tet e tet
a a.Ni.N
Procedure: ( 2 Marks )
i a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
1 s aslal saslal
Dip blue litmus paper into the given No change. s aslal s aslal
Presence of Alcoholic
adaada compound
a daada a daada group
a daada a da
w .P.P
w
2
given compound w .P.P
Add a pinch of sodiumcarbonate to
w ww.P.P
No brisk effervescence.
w
group
.P.P
Presence of Alcoholic
w w .P.P
w
wwww 3
wwww
Add acidified K2Cr2O 7 solution
in drops to given compound wwww wwww
The red orange solution turns Presence of Alcoholic
green group wwww
Result:( 2 Marks ) The given organic compound contain Alcohol functional group
(OR)
Procedure: ( 2 Marks )
S.N
Experiment Observation Inference
o
1 e tet
Dip blue litmus paper into the given e tet
Blue litmus paper turns into red.e tet
Presence of Carboxylic e tet
a a.Ni.N
compound
i a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a
group
a ia.Ni.N
2
s aslal
given compound saslal
Add a pinch of sodiumcarbonate to
aslal
Brisk effervescences
s group s aslal
Presence of Carboxylic

a daada
3
a daada
Add acidified K2Cr2O 7 solution daada
No change in color
a daada
Presence of Carboxylic
a a da
w .P.P
w Result: ( 2 Marks ) ww.P.P
in drops to given compound
ww.P.P group
ww.P.P w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww
The given organic compound contain carboxylic functional group
wwww wwww
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tet PART-2 tet tet PHYSICS tet


e e e e
Aim: lala
i.Ni.N a ia.NiEx.
.N No. 6 .Resistors in Series
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s asa the equivalent resistance
To determine s aslal of two resistors connected s aslalin series. s aslal
daada required:
Materials
a a daada a daada a daada ada
Two resistors of 1 and 2 , an ammeter (range 0-5 A), a voltmeter (range 0-5 V), a battery eliminator,
ww.P.rheostat,
P
w .P.P wires.
plug key and connecting
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww Effective Resistancewofwwthe
Formula: ( mark ) w
Resistors connected inwserieswww Rs = R1 + R2 wwww wwww
//The one who is lazy becomes poor, but the one who works DILIGENTLY becomes wealthy. //
Circuit diagram ( Mark )

e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adada ( 1 Mark ) adaada in series as shown aindathe
Procedure:
1.aThe given 2 resistors are connected
ada
circuit diagram a daada a da
w .P.P 2. Do the experimentwfor
w w.P.three
P different values of current
ww.P.P through the circuit bywadjusting
.P.P rheostat.
w ww.P.P
w w 3. Record the readings w w of the ammeter and voltmeter ww in each case
ww 4. Tabulate the ww
readings. The average of the readings www of two resistors wwww
ww gives the equivalentwresistance
Table ( 1 + 1 = 2 Marks )
S.No Current through Potential difference Equivalent Experimental Theoretical
the Series across the series, Resistance of the Average value Average value
Combination, Vs (in volt) combination of Rs (in ohm) of Rs=R1+ R2
Is (in ampere) Rs=Vs/Is(in (in ohm)
tet tet ohm) tet tet
1 e 0.2 0.6 e 3 e e
2
a ia.Ni.N 0.3
a i.Ni.N
0.9
a 3
a ia.Ni.N 3
Rs=1+2
a ia.Ni.N
=3
3
s aslal 0.4
saslal
1.2
s aslal
3
s aslal
adaada
R1 =_ 1 and R2 = 2
Calculation a daada a daada a daada a da
w .P.P
w 1, V = 0.6V; I = 0.2A w .P.P
w ww.P.P
2, V = 0.9V; I = 0.3A; 3. V = 1.2V; I = 0.4; w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww R = V/I
= 0.6/0.2 wwww
R = V/I
= 0.9/0.3 wwww
R = V/I
= 1.2/0.4 wwww wwww
= 3 = 3 = 3
Result: ( 1 Mark )
The equivalent resistance of the series combination of the two given resistors is found to be the same in the
experimental and theoretical value.
Ex. No.12 Glass prism

e tet e tet e tet


Aim:To trace the path of a ray of light through a glass prism and toidentify the rays and measure the different e tet
angles.
a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
a lal a lal a lal a lal
s
Materialss
ada required: s s s s s s
a d
a a daada a daada a daada a da
w .P.PA glass prism, drawing board,
w ww.P.P white paper, adhesivewtapew.P.Por drawing pins,pins, a measuring
ww.P.P scale, and a ww.P.P
protractor.
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
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e tet e tet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada a daada a daada ada
w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w w .P.P
w ww.P.P
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww

e tet etet e tet e tet


a ia.Ni.N a ia.Ni.N ai .Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
s aslal s aslal saslal s aslal
adaada adaada adaada a daada a da
ww.P.Procedure
P : w .P.P
w ww.P.P w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww 2. Draw the normalwand wwwalso draw a line DE making
sheet of paper and tracewitsw boundary as ABC. wwww wwww
1. Place a prism on a white
wwany angle, preferably between 30 and 60.
3. Fix two pins on one side P1 and P2(say PQ) on line DE.
4. Looking to other side fix two more pins p3 and p4 (say RS) in such a way that all the four pins appear to be in
a same line.
5. Remove the pins and mark their positions.
6. Join PQ and RS. Extend them to meet the faces of prism at E and F respectively. Also join E and F.
7. DE represents the incident ray, EF represents the refracted ray and FG represents the emergent ray.
tet tet tet
8. An angle at H is formed from extended incident ray and extended emergent ray. This is called angle of
e e e e tet
deviation.
a ia.Ni.N a i.Ni.N
a a ia.Ni.N
9. Draw another normal line to the refracting surface AC of the prism at point F. a ia.Ni.N
aslal aslal aslal aslal
10. Measure the angle of incidence, the angle of refraction and the angle of emergent and record the same.
s s s s
adaada
SI.no Angle of
incidence (i) a daada
Angle of refraction (r)
a daada
Angle of emergence (e) daada
Angle of Deviation (d)
a a da
w .P.P
w 1 40 w .P.P
w 25 ww.P.P
56 45w .P.P
w w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
2 45 28 55 40
Result:
1. The path of light incident on one face of a glass prism is shown.
2. The different rays and angles are identified as below
Incident ray ----PQ---- angle of incidence ___i____ angle of the prism A
Refracted ray ___EF____ angle of emergence __e_____
Emergent ray __FG_____ angle of deviation __d_____
3. The angle of incident ray---- 5. The angle of deviation-----
e tet e tet e tet e tet
a ia.Ni.N
Diagram 1 mark Procedure 1 mark
a ia.Ni.N
Tabulation 1+ 1 mark
a i.Ni.N
a
Result + unit 1 mark
a ia.Ni.N
s aslal saslal --------- ALL THE BEST -----------
s aslal s aslal
a daada a daada a daada a daada a da
w .P.P //The one who isww
w .P.Pbecomes poor, but thewone
lazy .P.who
w
P works DILIGENTLY becomes
w w.P.P wealthy. // w .P.P
w
wwww wwww wwww wwww wwww
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