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Association between protein intake and obesity

among children

CONFERENCE PAPER JANUARY 2013

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4 AUTHORS, INCLUDING:

Riyadh Alzaheb Jon Godwin

Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow Caledonian University
2 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 186 PUBLICATIONS 16,354 CITATIONS

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 Methods: We included 1372 first incident colorectal cancer
cases and 1372 individually matched controls and calculated
the incidence rate ratios (IRR) for overall and sub-sites of colo-
rectal cancer using conditional logistic regression adjusted for
potential confounders.
Results: Plasma total alkylresorcinol concentrations were
not associated with risk of overall colorectal cancer, proximal
colon cancer or rectal cancer. However, high plasma total alkyl-
resorcinol concentrations were statistically significantly asso-
ciated with lower incidence of cancer located in the distal (left
or descending) part of the colon. Adjusted IRR of distal colon
cancer for highest versus lowest quartile of plasma alkylresorci-
nol was 0.48 (95% confidence interval = 0.28 to 0.83). Further-
more, we observed an inverse association with colon cancer
for the Scandinavian part of the participants. Alkylresorcinols
may be more appropriate as biomarkers in Middle Europe and
Scandinavia i.e. in areas where whole grains are regularly con-
sumed.
Conclusions: Whole-grain intake, assessed by alkylresor-
cinols, was associated with a lower incidence of distal colon
cancer. Alkylresorcinols seem useful as objective biomarkers
of whole-grain intake in populations where whole-grains are a
staple part of the diet. Acknowledgements: This work was sup-
ported by World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF)
and WCRF Netherlands (WCRF NL) (2011/436), and Nor-
dForsk (Centre of Excellence programme HELGA (070015)).
Key words: Whole grains, colorectal cancer, biomarkers.
PO1970
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PROTEIN INTAKE AND
OBESITY AMONG CHILDREN
J. Armstrong1, R. Alzaheb1, J. Godwin1, J. Jackson1
1 which is a risk factor for postmenopausal BC. However little
Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland, UK
Background and objectives: Dietary intakes of macronu-
trients, particularly protein, have been examined as part of at-
tempts to understand the dietary aspects of obesity. This study
examines the relationship between protein intake and obesity
in children in Scotland.
Methods: The data were from the Survey of Sugar Intake
among Children in Scotland. The survey was carried out in
children aged 3-17 in 2006. Diet was assessed by semi-quan-
titative food frequency questionnaire and height and weight
were measured. Of the 1390 subjects with complete dietary
and anthropometric data, 889 were used in the analyses fo-
llowing the exclusion of mis-reporters. Children were classified
as obese or non-obese, BMI z-score 1.64 and <1.64 respecti-
vely. Analyses of covariance were performed to determine the
mean differences in protein intake (g/day) between obese and
non-obese children. Logistic regression tested the association
1208 Ann Nutr Metab 2013;63(suppl 1):11960
between protein intake and obesity, while controlling for age,
gender, physical activity, social class and energy intake/basal
metabolic rate ratio.
Results: The mean+SD protein intake of obese children was
significantly higher compared with the non-obese children in
all three age groups: 3-5 years (62.3 15.6 vs 54.7 11.8 g/day);
6-10 years (67.1 20.5 vs 61.5 14.7 g/day); and 11-17 years
(78.0 22.6 vs 66.8 18.5 g/day). There was a significant asso-
ciation between the protein intake and obesity after controlling
for confounders: 3-5yrs Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.12; 95%
Confidence Interval (CI) 1.04-1.20; 6-10yrs AOR 1.10; 95% CI
1.06-1.13 and 11-17yrs AOR 1.07; 95% CI 1.04-1.09.
Conclusions: Obese children had higher protein intakes
than their non-obese counterparts at all ages. High protein in-
take in childhood may contribute to childhood obesity. Ack-
nowledgements: UK Data Archive, Food Standard Agency UK
funded the Survey.
Key words: Protein intake, obesity, children.
PO1971
EXCESS WEIGHT AND BREAST DENSITY AT PU-
BERTY, AN UNKNOWN ASSOCIATION: EVIDENCE
FROM THE GROWTH AND OBESITY CHILEAN CO-
HORT
A. Pereira1, M L. Garmendia1, R. Uauy1, C. Corvalan1
1
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Univer-
sity of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Background and objectives: Mammographic breast den-
sity (BD) is the strongest predictor of Breast Cancer(BC) risk
and it is negatively associated with Body Mass Index(BMI),
is known in relation to BD and adiposity during puberty; the
former is highest at the end of puberty and declines with age;
thus understanding the association between BD and adiposity
at the end of puberty would be critical for determining BC pre-
disposition during adulthood.
Methods: We recruited 61 girls from an ongoing cohort of
400 low-income Chilean girls born in 2002-2003, who reached
Tanner Breast Stage 4 or 5 in 2012. At the same visit, we as-
sessed i) anthropometric measures(weight and height) and ii)
breast composition(%fibroglandular volume (FGV), absolute
FGV(AFGV, i.e dense tissue) and breast volume) by DXA, a
validated method to measure breast composition at young ages
(low dose radiation). Crude and adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) and
95% Confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated to assess the
relation between excess weight (BMI z-score>1) and %FGV,
AFGV or breast volume.
Results: The mean age and height z-score of the study
group were 122 months(sd=4.8) and 0.8(sd=0.9) respectively
Abstracts