EquilibriumProblems

15.17 Forthesystem
PCl5(g) PCl3(g)+Cl2(g) Kc=0.050at250C.
If0.30molPCl5isplacedina1.0Lcontaineratthistemperature,whataretheequilibriumconcentrationsof
allspecies?

Answers PCl3=0.10M Cl2=0.10M PCl5=0.20M

15.21 Considerthesystem

2H2S(g)+3O2(g) <> 2H2O(g)+2SO2(g)

Hfortheforwardreactionis1036kJ.Predictwhethertheforwardorreversereactionwilloccur
whentheequilibriumisdisturbedby
a. expandingthecontaineratconstanttemperature b. removingSO2
c. raisingthetemperature d. absorbingthewatervapor

Answers a=left b=right c=left d.=right

15.40 Agaseousreactionmixturecontains0.30molSO2,0.16molCl2,and0.50molSO2Cl2ina2.0L
container;Kc=0.011forSO2Cl2(g)<>SO2(g)+Cl2(g)
a. Isthesystematequilibrium?Explain.
b. Ifitisnotatequilibrium,inwhichdirectionwillthesystemmovetoreachequilibrium?

Answers a.ThesystemisnotatequilibriumbecauseQisnotequaltoKc.
b.ThereactionwillproceedtotheleftonthewaytoequilibriumbecauseQisgreaterthanKc
andtheproductconcentrationneedstogetsmallerwhilethereactantconcentrationneedstoget
larger.Qwas.048greaterthan.011

15.41 Thecommercialpreparationofmethanol,CH3OH,isdoneatelevatedtemperatureswiththereaction
CO(g)+2H2(g)<>CH3OH(g) Atacertaintemperature,theKcvalueis7.3.Inwhichdirectionwillthe
systemmovetoachieveequilibriumwhenthestartingmixturecontains

a. 0.80MCOand1.5MH2?
b. agaseousmixtureof0.90molCH3OH,0.45molCO,and0.45molH2in a3.0Lcontainer?

Answers a.Q=0,sothereactionwillproceedtotherightinordertomakemoreproductsandincrease
theratio.
b.Q=89whichisgreaterthan7.3,sothereactionwillproceedtotheleftinordertodecrease
theratioofproductstoreactants.

15.43 Kcis2.6x108at825Kforthereaction 2H2(g)+S2(g)<>2H2S(g)

WhatistheequilibriumconcentrationofH2SifthoseofH2andS2are0.0020Mand0.0010M,respectively?

Answer 1.0M
15.44 Forthesystem 2HI(g)<>H2(g)+I2(g)
Kc=0.016at800K.If,at800K[HI]=0.20Mand[H2]=[I2],calculatetheequilibriumconcentrationofH2.

Answer 0.025M

15.45FortheequilibriuminProblem15.44,1.00molHIisplacedina4.00Lflaskat800K.Whatarethe
equilibriumconcentrationsofH2,I2,andHI?

Answer HI=0.20M H2=0.025M I2=0.025M

15.46 Forthereaction

2IBr(g)<> I2(g)+Br2(g)
Kcis2.5x103at25C.Calculatetheequilibriumconcentrationofeachspeciesina4.0Lvesselstartingwith

a.0.60molIBr b. 0.30molI2,0.30molBr2 c. 0.30molI2,0.30molBr2,0.30molIBr

Answers a.0.0068M,0.0068M,and0.14M
b.IBr=0.14M,iodine=0.0070Mandbromine=0.0070M
c..IBr=0.21M,iodine=0.010Mandbromine=0.010M

15.47 Forthesystem
CO(g)+Cl2(g)<>COCl2(g) Kc=3.0.If1.5molCOand1.0molCl2areputina5.0L
container,whataretheequilibriumconcentrationsofallspecies?

Answers CO(g)+Cl2(g)<>COCl2(g)
0.22M 0.12M 0.080M

15.48 Forthesystem
PBr3(g)+Br2(g)<>PBr5(g);Kc=0.250
Astartingmixtureof1.00molPBr3and3.00molBr2isusedina1.00Lcontainer.Whatarethe
concentrationsofallspeciesatequilibrium?

Answers PBr3(g)+Br2(g)<>PBr5(g)
0.60M 2.6M 0.40M

15.51 Forthesystem

N2O3(g)<>NO(g)+NO2(g)

His+39.7kJ.Predictwhateffecteachofthefollowingchangeswillhaveonthepositionoftheequilibrium:
 a. decreasingthecontainersizeatconstanttemperature
b. addingNO
c. loweringthetemperature
d. addingheliumgas
Answers a=left b=left c=left d=noeffect
15.52 Predictthedirectioninwhicheachofthefollowingequilibriawillshiftifthepressureonthesystemis
reducedbyexpansion:

a. SbCl5(g)<>SbCl2(g)+Cl2(g)
b. Ni(s)+4CO(g)<>Ni(CO)4(g)
c. CO(g)+H2O(g)<>CO2(g)+H2(g)

Answers a=right b=left c=nochange

15.53 Forthesystem

CH4(g)+Cl2(g)<>CH3Cl(g)+HCl(g)

H=99kJfortheforwardreaction;Kcis1x1018at25C.WouldyouexpectKctoincreaseordecrease
whenthetemperaturerises?Explain.

AnswerKcshoulddecrease.