Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology

Course Syllabus Document

Department : CIVIL ENGINEERING Level : UG / PG

Course Title : ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Course : 14CIV18/28
Code
Designation : Core course Contact : L-T-P
Hours/Week 2-0-0
Type of : Lectures (L) (as per VTU Syllabus) Semester :
Course Tutorials (T) (Additional @ college)
Date : 15-06-2015 Date : 24-07-2015
Incorporated Modified

Weekly contact hours:

Lecture : 2 hrs.
Tutorials: 0 hr. (If applicable else Zero)
Semester classroom workload: 2 hours/week x 13 weeks = 25 hours
Weekly non-formal hours (directed activity or independent study): 0 hrs (Tutorials or Self Learning)
(If applicable)

Prerequisites (If applicable, provide course name, code and semester)

Attendance rule
85% attendance is prescribed by the Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU). Failure to conform to
this rule may result in detention of the candidate for 1 year. However, 10% condonation based on specific
recommendation by the Principal as per VTU regulations.

Preamble (Should be course specific)

Environmental Studies introduces students, to the basics of environmental science. Major themes and issues
confronting our present day environment are introduced from a scientific perspective. Environmental Studies
will make students learn the following aspects.
1. Introduction to environment, ecosystems.
2. Availability and sustainable use of resources.
3. Environmental pollution and global environmental issues.
4. Introduction to GIS and remote sensing.
Environmental Studies deals with the human dimension of development and environment. It aims to
provide adequate insight on management of natural resources by imparting in tools and
methodologies of ecological and environmental economics.

Course Objectives (Should be Teacher-centric objectives from the point of view of teacher
highlight the points what the teacher wants the students to learn from this course)
Students learn to:

1. Describe major concepts in environmental sciences and demonstrate in-depth understanding

of the environment.
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 2. Develop analytical skills, critical thinking, and demonstrate problem solving skills using
scientific techniques.
3. Demonstrate the knowledge and training for entering graduate or professional schools, or
the job market.

Course Outcomes (The specified VTU-syllabus outcomes should be listed. However additional
points can alsn o be enlisted and the entire list is to be categorized as per below mentioned domains)

1. Knowledge (Information, Facts, Data, Acquaintance, Familiarity, Awareness, Understanding,

Comprehension, Grasp, Conception)
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1.1 Recognize the principles of ecology and environmental issues that apply to air, land and water issues
on a global scale.
While listing above points use only appropriate verbs listed in Table 1.1 under the domain
knowledge.

2. Cognition (Ability to acquire knowledge, the Mental Process of Knowing, Perception, Reasoning and
Judgement)
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
2.1 Elaborate the functional elements of solid waste management.
2.2 Interpret the methods of quantification of solid waste.
2.3 Differentiate between chemical and biological treatment.
2.4 Classify disposal methods.
While listing above points use only appropriate verbs listed in Table 1.2 and Table 1.3 under the
domain Comprehension and Application respectively.

3. Skill/Ability (Talent, Expertise, Proficiency, Usefulness)

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
3.1 Relate land pollution and solid waste management.
3.2 Plan collection and transportation systems of solid waste.
3.3 Instruct proper disposal methods.
3.4 Enhance environmental significance and reuse of solid waste.

While listing above points use only appropriate verbs listed in Table 1.4 and Table 1.5 and Table
1.6 under the domain Analysis, Synthesis and Evaluation respectively

4. Attitude (Approach, Thought, Mindset, Behaviour) (List only if applicable)

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
4.1 Justify sustainable development.

5. Values (Morals, Ethics, Ideals) (List only if applicable)

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
5.1 Prioritize sustainable development.

Resources (List hardware and other things)

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References, text books.

Teaching and Delivery Mode

Mode of delivery (List only those are applicable from the following. Add if any other mode is used)
1. Overhead projector Multimedia Slides.
2. Classical Board Writing.
3. Assignments and Self Learning Exercises.

Topics of Study/Course Contents (As per the VTU Syllabus)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Subject Code 10CV757 IA Marks : 25
No. of Lecture Hours/Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03
Total No. of Lecture Hours : 52 Exam Marks : 100
PART - A
UNIT - 1
INTRODUCTION: Definition, Land Pollution scope and importance of 08 Hours
solid waste management, functional elements of solid waste management.
SOURCES: Classification and characteristics municipal, commercial &
industrial. Methods of quantification.
UNIT - 2
COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION: Systems of collection, 06 Hours
collection equipment, garbage chutes, transfer stations bailing and
compacting, route optimization techniques and problems.
UNIT - 3
TREATMENT / PROCESSING TECHNIQUES: Components separation,
volume reduction, size reduction, chemical reduction and biological 6 Hours
processing problems.
UNIT - 4
INCINERATION: Process 3 Ts, factors affecting incineration process,
incinerators types, prevention of air pollution, pyrolsis, design criteria for
incineration. 7 Hours
PART - B
UNIT - 5
COMPOSTING: Aerobic and anaerobic composting, factors affecting
composting, Indore and Bangalore processes, mechanical and semi
mechanical composting processes. Vermicomposting. 6 Hours
UNIT - 6
SANITARY LAND FILLING: Different types, trench area, Ramp and pit
method, site selection, basic steps involved, cell design, prevention of site
pollution, leachate & gas collection and control methods, geosynthetic fabrics
in sanitary landfills. 8 Hours
UNIT - 7
DISPOSAL METHODS: Open dumping selection of site, ocean disposal,
feeding to hogs, incineration, pyrolsis, composting, sanitary land filling,
merits and demerits, biomedical wastes and disposal. 6 Hours
UNIT - 8
RECYCLE AND REUSE: Material and energy recovery operations, reuse
in other industries, plastic wastes, environmental significance and reuse. 5 Hours
Evaluation Scheme
Internal Assessment (IA)

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The Internal Assessment marks in theory subjects are based on the TWO tests, conducted at the end of 8 th
week and 12th week of each semester. Additional test may be conducted for the desirous students to improve
their internal assessment marks. Average of the best of any two test marks shall be the internal assessment
marks for the relevant subject (As per OB 4.2 & 4.3 - VTU Governing Regulations)

Internal Assessment 1 (IA 1)

Weight* : As per the VTU norms
Evaluation type* : Test sessions as specified by VTU
Facilities required* : Examination room and invigilation
Time/Duration* : One (1) hour (25 Marks)
Internal Assessment 2 (IA 2)
* - Same as above
Internal Assessment 3 (IA 3)
Conducted as per the above mentioned VTU governing rules (OB 4.2 & 4.3).
* - Same as above
Final Examination - Assessment 4
Weight : 80/100 marks separately allocated to Final examination as per
proposed/existing VTU norms
Evaluation type : Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU) Examination
Facilities required : Examination room and invigilation
Time/duration : 2/3/4 hours (as applicable)

Evaluation Methodology

To assist in acquiring Course Outcomes, the students are provided continuous and regular formative
feedback in respect of the assignments they complete. The evaluation process is so planned that it may lead
to some of the Course Outcomes to be assessed more than once. Attendance prescribed by the VTU is
important not only for the students to be able to take part in all the activities effectively but also obtain the
assistance of faculty.

The main evaluation instruments are: Internal Assessments (IA) Final examination conducted by VTU as an
external body, to test the Cognition and Skills acquired, so as to assess the Course Outcomes acquired. Since
the evaluations test the imagination and visualization of views of actual objects, the standardization of
evaluation is easy as no ambiguity exists with respect to the answers desired. For certain other aspects the
solution provided has to be compared with the standards. The must pass' aspect is stated under 'Evaluation
Policy'.

Evaluation Policy (As per VTU Governing Regulations As per annexure 1)

Only average of two Internal Assessments (IA) marks will be considered for compiling the IA marks out of
25 marks, for the entire class.

Students must pass the External Assessment (EA) done by VTU, by scoring at least 35 out of 100 marks,
otherwise they are declared failed. Further, Students pass the course only if they secure a total score of 50
(40% of 125 aggregate marks) from the Internal Assessment score combined with VTU external examination
score.

Aggregation & Re-assessment Rules

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A policy of continuous assessment and feedback of the work done during laboratory practice sessions in the
class and homework, if any, is to be followed in the course. Therefore it is essential that the students
regularly attend all the classes. In cases where students request for re-assessment it is left to the concerned
instructor to take a decision on the merit of the case, whether a reassessment is justified or not as per the
prescribed VTU rules and regulations.
There is no reassessment for internal assessment marks in theory subjects as per VTU norms. However, the
students can approach VTU for revaluation of their theory papers, if they are not satisfied with the external
theory examination marks.

Text Books (State the text books mentioned in the VTU syllabus)
REFERENCES
1. Integrated Solid Waste Management: Tchobanoglous : M/c GrawHill.
2. Solid Waste Management in developing countries. Bhide and Sunderashan
3. Hand book on Solid Waste Disposal.: Pavoni J.L.
4. Environmental Engineering.: Peavy and Tchobanoglous
5. Environmental Engineering Vol II.: S.K. Garg
6. Biomedical waste handling rules 2000.
7. Solid Waste Engineering by Vesilind.Pa Worrell & Reinhart.D. 2009, Cengage Learning India Private
Limited, New Delhi
Course Schedule and Structure
Course
We Outcom
ek hour Topic and Mode of Delivery es* GAs#
UNIT 1 GA1,2,8
1 INTRODUCTION: Definition 1.1 ,10

1 2 land pollution- scope and importance of solid waste management 1.1

3 Functional elements of solid waste management 1.2
4 Classification of solid waste and 1.2
5 characteristics of solid waste 1.2
6 Municipal, commercial and industrial 1.2
2
7 Methods of quantification 1.3
8 Methods of quantification problems 1.3
UNIT - 2
9 COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION: Systems of collection 2.1 GA1,3,4
3 10 Collection equipment 3.2
11 Garbage chutes 2.1, 3.2
12 Transfer stations 1.3, 3.2
13 Route optimization techniques and problems 1.3, 3.2
4 14 problems 1.3
UNIT - 3
TREATMENT / PROCESSING TECHNIQUES: Components
separation
15 1.4,2.3 GA1,2,3

16 Volume reduction 1.4

17 Size reduction 1.4

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 18 Chemical reduction 1.4,2.3
5 19 Biological processing problems 1.4,2.3
20 Biological processing problems 1.4,2.3
UNIT - 4
INCINERATION: Process 3 Ts
21 1.4,2.3 GA1,2,3
22 Process 3 Ts 1.4

6 23 Factors affecting incineration process 2.3

24 Incinerators types 2.3
25 Prevention of air pollution 1.4
26 Pyrolysis 1.4
7 27 design criteria for incineration 2.3
UNIT - 5
COMPOSTING: Aerobic and anaerobic composting
28 2.1 GA1,2,3
29 Aerobic and anaerobic composting 2.3
30 factors affecting composting 2.3
8 31 Indore and Bangalore processess 2.3
mechanical and semi
32 mechanical composting processes 2.3
33 Vermicomposting 2.3
UNIT - 6
SANITARY LAND FILLING: Different types, trench area

34 3.3 GA1,2,3
9 35 Ramp and pit method 2.4
36 Site selection 3.3
37 Basic steps involved 3.3
38 Cell design 2.4
10 39 Prevention of site pollution, 1.1
40 leachate & gas collection and control methods 2.4

41 Geosynthetic fabrics in sanitary landfills. 3.3

UNIT - 7
DISPOSAL METHODS: Open dumping selection of site
42 2.1 GA1,3,5
11 43 Ocean disposal, feeding to hogs 2.4 GA1,3,5
44 Incineration, Pyrolsis 3.3 GA1,3,5
45 Composting, Sanitary land filling 3.3 GA1,3
46 Merits and demerits 3.3 GA1

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 12 47 Biomedical wastes and disposal 3.3 GA1,3,5
UNIT - 8
RECYCLE AND REUSE: Introduction

48 1.5 GA1
49 Material and energy recovery operations 3.4 GA11
50 Reuse in other industries 1.5 GA11
13 51 Plastic wastes 3.4 GA7
52 Environmental significance and reuse 4.1,5.1 GA7

Evaluation: Internal Assessment and VTU Examination enumerated under Evaluation Scheme

(mention here anything additional)

* Course Outcome number entered against each topic from Course Outcomes list.
#Listing of Graduate Attributes vis-a-vis the no. mentioned.

GA- No. Graduate Attributes GA- No. Graduate Attributes

GA1 Engineering knowledge GA2 Problem analysis
GA3 Design & Development of Solutions GA4 Investigation of Complex Problem
GA5 Modern tool usage GA6 Engineer and society
GA7 Environment& sustainability GA8 Ethics
GA9 Individual & team work GA10 Communication
GA11 Lifelong learning GA12 Project management & finance

Course syllabus developed by : VTU Board of Studies / Civil Engineering Department

Date : 21/7/2015
Course instructor : ANUSHA M.
Contact information : Dr. M.N. Shesha Prakash
Vice Principal, Head of Civil Engineering Department

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 Annexure-1
Graduate Attributes defined as per NBA Documents (for reference only)

1. Engineering Knowledge: Apply knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals

and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature and analyze complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural
sciences and engineering sciences.
3. Design/ Development of Solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
design system components or processes that meet specified needs with appropriate
consideration for public health and safety, cultural, societal and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems using research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data and synthesis of
information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern Tool Usage: Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities
with an under- standing of the limitations.
6. The Engineer and Society: Apply reasoning informed by contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant
to professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and Sustainability: Understand the impact of professional engineering solutions
in societal and environmental contexts and demonstrate knowledge of and need for
sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of engineering practice.
9. Individual and Team Work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams and in multi disciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering com- munity and with society at large, such as being able to comprehend and
write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations and give and
receive clear instructions.
11. Life-long Learning: Recognize the need for and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life- long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
12. Project Management and Finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of engineering
and management principles and apply these to ones own work, as a member and leader in a
team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.

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 Annexure-2
List of verbs to be referred while preparing the syllabus document

Table 1.1 for Knowledge domain Table 1.2 for cognition domain
Suggested Verbs For Suggested Verbs For
KNOWLEDGE COMPREHENSION

Define Cite Convert Add

Describe Draw Defend Approximate
Identify Enumerate Describe Articulate
Label Index Discuss Associate
List Indicate Distinguish Characterize
Match Meet Estimate Clarify
Name Point Explain Classify
Outline Quote Express Compare
Recall Read Extend Compute
Record Recite Generalize Contrast
Relate Recognize Give Example Detail
Repeat Select Identify Differentiate
Reproduce State Locate Elaborate
Underline Paraphrase Example
Predict Extrapolate
Recognize Factor
Report Give
Restate Infer
Review Interact
Summarize Interpolate
Translate Interpret
Rewrite Observe
Subtract Picture Graphically
Visualize

P.S. :Words to avoid do not use the following verbs as cognitive objectives

Know Really know Understand Appreciate Learn

Thinks critically Approach Improve Grow Become
Increase Expand horizons Grasp the significance of

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 Table 1.3 for Cognitive domain
APPLICATION

Apply Acquire Project

Carry out Adapt Protect
Change Allocate Translate
Code Alphabetize
Comply Apply
Demonstrate Ascertain
Describe Assign
Dramatize Attain
Employ Avoid
Follow Backup
Follow up Calculate
Illustrate Capture
Interpret Change
Interview Classify
Maintain Complete
Manipulate Compute
Modify Construct
Operate Customize
Perform Demonstrate
Practice Depreciate
Predict Derive
Prepare Determine
Produce Diminish
Relate Discover
Respond Draw
Retrieve Employ
Schedule Examine
Screen Exercise
Shop Explore
Show Express
Sketch Factor
Solve Figure
Transcribe Graph
Use Handle
Interconvert Provide
Investigate Round off
Personalize Sequence
Plot Simulate
Price Subscribe
Process Tabulate

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 Note: Use verbs from the following tables as appropriate for the subject and expected outcomes.
Table 1.4 for skill and Ability Table 1.5 for skill and Ability Table 1.6 for skill and Ability
domain domain domain
ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS EVALUATION
Abstract Blueprint Advise Abstract Appraise Contrast
Analyze Character Arrange Animate Assess Critique
Appraise Classify Assemble Budget Choose Defend
Audit Confirm Categorize Categorize Compare Determine
Breakdown Correlate Collect Code Conclude Evaluate
Calculate Detect Communicate Cope Contrast Grade
Category Diagnose Combine Correspond Criticize Hire
Compare Diagram Compile Cultivate Describe Predict
Contrast Differentiate Compose Debug Discriminate Prescribe
Criticize Discriminate Conduct Depict Enforce Rank
Debate Dissect Construct Dictate Estimate Rate
Determine Document Contribute Enhance Evaluate Recommend
Distinguish Ensure Coordinate Facilitate Explain Release
Edit Explain(3) Council Format Interpret Summarize
Examine Explore Create Generalize Judge Test
Experiment Figure out Design Handle Justify Validate
Identify File Develop Import Measure Verify
Illustrate Group Devise Improve Monitor Select
Infer Interrupt Establish Integrate Rate Summary
Inspect Inventory Explain Interpret Relate Support
Inventory Layout Formulate Join Review Value
Investigate Manage Gather Lecture Score
Outline Maximize Generate Model
Point out Minimize Incorporate Network
Question Optimize Instruct Outline
Relate Order Manage Overhaul
Review Prioritize Modify Portray
Select Query Organize Prescribe
Separate Size up Plan Produce
Solve Train Prepare Program
Subdivide Transform Propose Refer
Test Rearrange Reorganize
Recognize Revise
Recommend Specify
Reconstruct Summarize
Relate Supervise
Review Tell
Rewrite Update
Setup Write

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