By

Dr.Islam M. El-Habbal

2014
 External loads

Internal straining actions External Deformations

(M, N, Q) (Deflection)

Section
Dimensions Area of Steel
(b, t) Reinforcement
Structural (As)
Design
 Service Load (W)

l
Internal straining actions (M, N, Q) External Deformations (Deflection)
 Concept of Prestressing
Service Load (W)

P P

ps
Mps
P

Counter Straining Actions Initial Camber

 ps
Mps
P

+ +
M

Mreduced

reduced
 Mreduced

reduced

Reduced
Section Reduced Area
Dimensions of Steel
(b, t) Reduced Reinforcement
Structural (As)

Design
 Types of Prestressing
(from manufacture point of view)

Pretension Post-Tension
 Types of Prestressing
(from Stresses of view)

Full Prestressing Partial Prestressing

 Loading stages in P/s beams

Transfer stage Own Weight (O.W.) (Wow)

(initial stage) Initial Prestressing force
(Pi)
Losses ()

Full service loads Final Prestressing force

stage (Pf )
(Final stage) Dead loads + Live loads
(Total Loads) (Wt)
Check of Stresses
1. Transfer Stage (o.w + Prestressing)
W ow

Own Weight Prestressing

M ow
 Own Weight Prestressing
M ow

Own Weight Prestressing

M ow
+
Transfer Stage Stresses (o.w + Prestressing)

M ow
+ +

= +

.
. .
. = +

Check of Stresses
2. Final Stage (Final Prestressing + Total loads)
Final Stage Stresses (Total loads + Prestressing)

+ +

= +

.
. .
. = +

Deflection Calculation

5
8 2
=

 Calculation of Ultimate Flexural Capacity

0.003 0.67 fcu/c 0.67 fcu/c

c a Cu
N.A.
t d Mu yct

Aps Tu
y/s
b Strain Idialized Stress
Stress
Diagram Diagram Diagram
From Equilibrium:
Cu = Tu . (1)
0.67 fcu/c *a*b = Aps * f yps/s get (a) check a/d 0.10
c = a/0.80
Mu = Cu * yct or Mu = Tu * yct (2)
Mu = 0.67 fcu/c *a*b *(d-a/2) or Mu = Aps * f yps/s *(d-a/2) Get (Mu )
What are LEONHRDT Curves?

LEONHRDT Curves are used to find out height, and

Prestressing force for both symmetrical and Unsymmetrical
section.
Steps for Design Using LEONHRDT
curves

1. Assume ho = Span/ (20) for beams

= Span/ (16) for voided slabs
= Span/ (40) for Solid slabs
2. Calculate section own weight due to ho
3. Calculate Mt = MD.L. + ML.L.

4. h1 = 1

(fcw = Allowable compression for final stage)

= 1.20 ~ 1.30 1

5. Calculate exact (, )
Finally, check stresses for all loading stages
How to get emin. and emax.
Design for shear:
Types of shear cracks:
1.Web shear stresses
2.Flexural shear stresses
Design for shear using simplified
method