Sambidhan 2072 PDF File - 1443696643

v08 ^%_ cltl/Qmf !% g]kfn /fhkq efu ! ldlt @)&@.
^
@)&@.^.#
g]kfn /fhkq g]kfn ;/sf/f/f k|sflzt

v08 ^%_ sf7df8f}+, c;f]h # ut], @)&@ ;fn -cltl/Qmf !%
efu !
g]kfn ;/sf/
;+ljwfg ;ef ;lrjfno
;+ljwfg ;efsf] ldlt @)&@)%#) sf] a}7saf6 kfl/t Pj+
;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIfaf6 ldlt @)&@)^)# df k|df0fLt eO{ ;f]xL
ldltdf /fi6klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjaf6 k|f/De x'g] 3f]if0ff ePsf]] tn
n]lvP adf]lhdsf] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu
k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .
k|:tfjgf
xfdL ;fj{ef}d;Qf;DkGg g]kfnL hgtf
g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}ldstf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, /fli6o Pstf,
:jfwLgtf / :jfledfgnfO{ cIf'00f /fvL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/,
:jfoQtf / :jzf;gsf] clwsf/nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{
1
v08 ^%_ cltl/Qmf !% g]kfn /fhkq efu ! ldlt @)&@.^
@)&@.^.#
/fi6lxt, nf]stGq / cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf nflu g]kfnL hgtfn] k6s
k6s ub{} cfPsf P]ltxfl;s hg cfGbf]ng, ;z:q ;+3if{, Tofu / alnbfgsf]
uf}/jk"0f{ Oltxf;nfO{ :d/0f Pj+ zxLbx tyf a]kQf / kLl8t
gful/sxnfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{
;fdGtL, lg/+s'z, s]Gb|Ls[t / PsfTds /fHoJoj:yfn] ;[hgf u/]sf
;a} k|sf/sf lje]b / pTkL8gsf] cGTo ub}{
ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s, ax';f+:s[lts tyf ef}uf]lns
ljljwtfo'Qm ljz]iftfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L ljljwtfaLrsf] Pstf, ;fdflhs
;f+:s[lts P]Soa4tf, ;lxi0f'tf / ;b\efjnfO{ ;+/If0f Pj+ k|jw{g ub}{ juL{o,
hftLo, If]qLo, eflifs, wfld{s, n}+lus lje]b / ;a} k|sf/sf hftLo
5'jf5"tsf] cGTo u/L cfly{s ;dfgtf, ;d[l4 / ;fdflhs Gofo ;'lglZrt
ug{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL / ;xeflutfd"ns l;4fGtsf cfwf/df
;dtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ ;+sNk ub}{
hgtfsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds ax'bnLo nf]stflGqs zf;g k|0ffnL, gful/s
:jtGqtf, df}lns clwsf/, dfgj clwsf/, aflnu dtflwsf/, cfjlws
lgjf{rg, k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtf tyf :jtGq, lgikIf / ;Ifd Gofokflnsf /
sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff nufotsf nf]stflGqs d"No / dfGotfdf cfwfl/t
;dfhjfbk|lt k|lta4 /xL ;d[4 /fi6 lgdf{0f ug{
;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds zf;g Joj:yfsf] dfWodf/f lbuf]
zflGt, ;'zf;g, ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] cfsf+Iff k"/f ug{ ;+ljwfg ;efaf6 kfl/t
u/L of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ub{5f}+ .
efu
efu!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+ljwfg d"n sfg"g M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg g]kfnsf] d"n sfg"g xf] . o;
;+ljwfg;Fu aflemg] sfg"g aflemPsf] xb;Dd cdfGo x'g]5 .
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ug'{ k|To]s JolQmsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
@= ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf M g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo;Qf
g]kfnL hgtfdf lglxt /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] k|of]u o; ;+ljwfgdf
Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
2
@)&@.^.#
#= /fi6 M ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s, ax';f+:s[lts ljz]iftfo'Qm,
ef}uf]lns ljljwtfdf /x]sf ;dfg cfsf+Iff / g]kfnsf] /fli6o
:jtGqtf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, /fli6o lxt tyf ;d[l4k|lt cf:yfjfg
/xL Pstfsf] ;"qdf cfa4 ;a} g]kfnL hgtf ;dli6df /fi6 xf] .
$= g]kfn /fHo M -!_ g]kfn :jtGq, cljefHo, ;fj{ef}d;Qf;DkGg,
wd{lg/k]If, ;dfj]zL, nf]stGqfTds, ;dfhjfb pGd'v, ;+3Lo
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds /fHo xf] .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu wd{lg/k]If eGgfn]
;gftgb]lv rlncfPsf] wd{ ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f nufot wfld{s,
;f+:s[lts :jtGqtf ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ g]kfnsf] If]q b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avtsf] If]q, /
-v_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 k|fKt x'g] If]q .
%= /fli6o lxt M -!_ g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns
cv08tf, /fli6otf, :jfwLgtf, :jfledfg, g]kfnLsf] xs lxtsf] /Iff,
;Ldfgfsf] ;'/Iff, cfly{s ;d'Gglt / ;d[l4 g]kfnsf] /fli6o lxtsf
cfwf/e"t ljifo x'g]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6 lxt k|lts"nsf] cfr/0f / sfo{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
b08gLo x'g]5 .
^= /fi6efiff M g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx /fi6efiff x'g\ .
&= ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff M -!_ b]jgfu/L lnlkdf n]lvg] g]kfnL efiff
g]kfnsf] ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfnL efiffsf cltl/Qm k|b]zn] cfgf] k|b]zleq ax';+Vos
hgtfn] af]Ng] Ps jf PseGbf a9L cGo /fi6efiffnfO{ k|b]z sfg"g
adf]lhd k|b]zsf] ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ efiff ;DaGwL cGo s'/f efiff cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn
;/sf/n] lg0f{o u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
*= /fli6o em08f M -!_ l;ld|s /+usf] e'OF / uf9f gLnf] /+usf] lsgf/f
ePsf] b'O{ lqsf]0f clnslt hf]l8Psf], dflyNnf] efudf v'k]{ rGb|sf]
aLrdf ;f]x|df cf7 sf]0f b]lvg] ;]tf] cfsf/ / tNnf] efudf afx|
3
@)&@.^.#
sf]0fo'Qm ;"o{sf] ;]tf] cfsf/ c+lst ePsf] em08f g]kfnsf] /fli6o
em08f xf] .
-@_ g]kfnsf] /fli6o em08f, /fli6o em08f agfpg] t/Lsf /
tT;DaGwL cGo ljj/0f cg';"rL! df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
(= /fli6o ufg OToflb M -!_ g]kfnsf] /fli6o ufg cg';"rL@ df pNn]v
eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfnsf] lgzfg 5fk cg';"rL# df pNn]v eP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-#_ g]kfnsf] /fli6o k"mn nfnLu'/fF;, /fli6o /+u l;ld|s,
/fli6o hgfj/ ufO{ / /fli6o kIfL 8fFkm] x'g]5 .
4
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@
gful/stf
!)= gful/stfaf6 jl~rt gul/g] M -!_ s'g} klg g]kfnL gful/snfO{
gful/stf k|fKt ug]{ xsaf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ g]kfndf k|fb]lzs klxrfg ;lxtsf] Psn ;+3Lo
gful/stfsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
!!= g]kfnsf] gful/s 7xg{] M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt g]kfnsf]
gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf / o; efu adf]lhd gful/stf k|fKt ug{
of]Uo JolQmx g]kfnsf] gful/s x'g]5g\ .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt g]kfndf :yfoL a;f]jf;
ePsf] b]xfosf] JolQm j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/s 7xg]{5 M
-s_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 j+zhsf] cfwf/df
g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm,
-v_ s'g} JolQmsf] hGd x'Fbfsf avt lghsf] afa' jf cfdf
g]kfnsf] gful/s /x]5 eg] To:tf] JolQm .
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 hGdsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf]
gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] gful/ssf] ;Gtfgn] afa' / cfdf b'j} g]kfnsf]
gful/s /x]5g\ eg] lgh aflnu ePkl5 j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf]
gful/stf k|fKt ug]{5 .
-$_ g]kfnleq k]mnf k/]sf] lkt[Tj / dft[Tjsf] 7]ufg gePsf]
k|To]s gfafns lghsf] afa' jf cfdf k]mnf gk/];Dd j+zhsf]
cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/s 7xg]{5 .
-%_ g]kfnsf] gful/s cfdfaf6 g]kfndf hGd eO{ g]kfndf g}
a;f]af; u/]sf] / afa'sf] klxrfg x'g g;s]sf] JolQmnfO{ j+zhsf]
cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
t/ afa' ljb]zL gful/s ePsf] 7x/]df To:tf] JolQmsf]
gful/stf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd c+uLs[t gful/stfdf kl/0ft
x'g]5 .
5
@)&@.^.#
-^_ g]kfnL gful/s;Fu j}jflxs ;DaGw sfod u/]sL ljb]zL
dlxnfn] rfx]df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf
lng ;Sg]5 .
-&_ o; wf/fdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljb]zL
gful/s;Fu ljjfx u/]sL g]kfnL dlxnf gful/saf6 hlGdPsf]
JolQmsf] xsdf lgh g]kfndf g} :yfoL a;f]af; u/]sf] / lghn]
ljb]zL d'n'ssf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] /x]g5 eg] lghn] ;+3Lo
sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ gful/stf k|fKt ubf{sf avt lghsf cfdf / afa' b'j}
g]kfnL gful/s /x]5g\ eg] g]kfndf hGd]sf] To:tf] JolQmn] j+zhsf]
cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ o; wf/fdf n]lvPb]lv afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-(_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfnsf] ;Ddfgfy{
gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-!)_ g]kfnleq ufleg] u/L s'g} If]q k|fKt ePdf To:tf]
If]qleq a;f]af; ePsf] JolQm ;+3Lo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL g]kfnsf]
gful/s x'g]5 .
!@= j+zLo cfwf/ tyf n}+lus klxrfg ;lxtsf] gful/stf M of] ;+ljwfg
adf]lhd j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn]
lghsf] cfdf jf afa'sf] gfdaf6 n}+lus klxrfg ;lxtsf] g]kfnsf]
gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq kfpg ;Sg]5 .
!#= gful/stfsf] k|flKt, k'gMk|flKt / ;dflKt M gful/stfsf] k|flKt,
k'gMk|flKt / ;dflKt ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
!$= u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] M ljb]zL d'n'ssf]
gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] blIf0f PlzofnL If]qLo ;xof]u ;+u7gsf]
;b:o /fi6 afx]ssf b]zdf a;f]af; u/]sf] ;flasdf j+zhsf] jf
hGdsf] cfwf/df lgh jf lghsf] afa' jf cfdf, afh] jf aHo}
g]kfnsf] gful/s /xL kl5 ljb]zL d'n'ssf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf]
JolQmnfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts
clwsf/ pkef]u ug{ kfpg] u/L g]kfnsf] u}/cfjf;Lo gful/stf
k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
6
@)&@.^.#
!%= g]kfnsf] gful/stf ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf M g]kfnsf] k|To]s
gful/ssf] kl/ro v'Ng] u/L clen]v /fVg] tyf g]kfnsf] gful/stf
;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
7
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu#
df}lns xs / st{Jo
!^= ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg kfpg] xs M -!_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ ;Ddfgk"j{s
afFRg kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ s;}nfO{ klg d[To'b08sf] ;hfo lbg] u/L sfg"g agfOg]
5}g .
!&= :jtGqtfsf] xs M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} klg JolQmnfO{
j}olQms :jtGqtfaf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ b]xfosf] :jtGqtf x'g]5 M
-s_ ljrf/ / cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf,
-v_ ljgf xftxltof/ zflGtk"j{s e]nf x'g] :jtGqtf,
-u_ /fhgLlts bn vf]Ng] :jtGqtf,
-3_ ;+3 / ;+:yf vf]Ng] :jtGqtf,
-_ g]kfnsf] s'g} klg efudf cfjthfjt / a;f]af; ug]{
:jtGqtf,
-r_ g]kfnsf] s'g} klg efudf k]zf, /f]huf/ ug]{ / pBf]u,
Jofkf/ tyf Joj;fosf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug]{
:jtGqtf .
t/,
-!_ v08 -s_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf]
;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, /fli6otf /
:jfwLgtfdf jf ;+3Lo OsfO jf ljleGg hft,
hflt, wd{, ;Dk|bfoaLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn
kg]{], hftLo e]befj jf 5'jf5"tnfO{ b'?T;fxg
ug]{, >dk|lt cjx]ngf ug]{, ufnL a]OHhtL,
cbfntsf] cjx]ngf x'g], ck/fw ug{
b'?T;fxg ug]{ jf ;fj{hlgs lzi6frf/ jf
g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n x'g] sfo{df dgfl;a
k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L P]g agfpg /f]s
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
8
@)&@.^.#
-@_ v08 -v_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf]
:jfwLgtf, ;+3Lo OsfOaLrsf] ;';DaGw jf
;fj{hlgs zflGt / Joj:yfdf vnn kg]{
sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L P]g
agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ v08 -u_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf]
:jfwLgtfdf vnn kg]{, /fi6sf] lj?4 hf;";L
ug]{, /fli6o uf]kgLotf e+u ug]{ jf g]kfnsf]
;'/Iffdf cfFr k'ofpg] u/L s'g} ljb]zL /fHo,
;+u7g jf k|ltlglwnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ jf
/fHob|f]x ug]{ jf ;+3Lo OsfOaLrsf] ;'
;DaGwdf vnn kg]{ jf hftLo jf ;fDk|bflos
lj]if km}nfpg] jf ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{ /
;Dk|bfoaLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{ jf
s]jn hflt, efiff, wd{, ;Dk|bfo jf ln+usf]
cfwf/df s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] ;b:otf k|fKt
ug{] jf aGb]h nufpg] jf gful/sxaLr
lje]b ug]{ u/L /fhgLlts bn u7g ug{],
lx+;fTds sfo{ ug{ b'?T;fxg ug]{ jf
;fj{hlgs g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n x'g] sfo{{df
dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L P]g agfpg
/f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-$_ v08 -3_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfnsf]
:jfwLgtfdf vnn kg]{, /fi6sf] lj?4 hf;";L
ug]{, /fli6o uf]kgLotf e+u ug]{ jf g]kfnsf]
;'/Iffdf cfFr k'ofpg] u/L s'g} ljb]zL /fHo,
;+u7g jf k|ltlglwnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{, /fHob|f]x
ug]{ jf ;+3Lo OsfOaLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn
kg]{ jf hftLo jf ;fDk|bflos lj]if km}nfpg]
jf ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{ / ;Dk|bfoaLrsf]
;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{ jf lx+;fTds sfo{ ug{
b'?T;fxg ug]{ jf ;fj{hlgs g}ltstfsf]
9
@)&@.^.#
k|lts"n x'g] sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg]
u/L P]g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-%_ v08 -_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf]
lxt jf ;+3Lo OsfOaLrsf] ;';DaGw jf
ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{ jf ;Dk|bfoxsf
aLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{ jf lx+;fTds
sfo{ ug]{ jf To:tf] sfo{ ug{ b'?T;fxg ug]{
sfo{df dgfl;a k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L P]g
agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-^_ v08 -r_ sf] s'g} s'/fn] ;+3Lo OsfOaLrsf]
;';DaGwdf vnn k'ofpg] sfo{ jf
;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] ;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo,
lzi6frf/ jf g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n x'g] sfo{df
/f]s nufpg] jf s'g} vf; pBf]u, Jofkf/ jf
;]jf /fHon] dfq ;~rfng ug{ kfpg] jf s'g}
k]zf, /f]huf/, pBf]u, Jofkf/ jf Joj;fo
ug{sf nflu s'g} zt{ jf of]Uotf tf]Sg]] u/L
P]g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!*= ;dfgtfsf] xs M -!_ ;a} gful/s sfg"gsf] b[li6df ;dfg x'g]5g\ .
s;}nfO{ klg sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0faf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ ;fdfGo sfg"gsf] k|of]udf pTklQ, wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt,
ln+u, zf/Ll/s cj:yf, ckf+utf, :jf:Yo l:ylt, j}jflxs l:ylt,
uef{j:yf, cfly{s cj:yf, efiff jf If]q, j}rfl/s cf:yf jf o:t} cGo
s'g} cfwf/df e]befj ul/g] 5}g .
-#_ /fHon] gful/sxsf aLr pTklQ, wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt,
ln+u, cfly{s cj:yf, efiff, If]q, j}rfl/s cf:yf jf o:t} cGo s'g}
cfwf/df e]befj ug]{ 5}g .
t/ ;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts b[li6n] lk5l8Psf dlxnf, blnt,
cflbjf;L, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, yf, d'l:nd, pTkLl8t ju{,
lk58f ju{, cNk;+Vos, ;LdfGtLs[t, ls;fg, >lds, o'jf,
afnaflnsf, Ho]i7 gful/s, n}+lus tyf of}lgs cNk;+Vos, ckf+utf
ePsf JolQm, uef{j:yfsf JolQm, czQm jf c;xfo, lk5l8Psf] If]q
/ cfly{s kn] ljkGg v; cfo{ nufot gful/ssf] ;+/If0f,
10
@)&@.^.#
;zQmLs/0f jf ljsf;sf nflu sfg"g adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ug{
/f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; efu / efu $ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu cfly{s kn]
ljkGg eGgfn] ;+3Lo sfg"gdf tf]lsPsf] cfoeGbf sd cfo ePsf]
JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ ;dfg sfdsf nflu n}+lus cfwf/df kfl/>lds tyf
;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf s'g} e]befj ul/g] 5}g .
-%_ k}t[s ;DklQdf n}+lus e]befj ljgf ;a} ;Gtfgsf] ;dfg
xs x'g]5 .
!(= ;~rf/sf] xs M -!_ ljB'tLo k|sfzg, k|;f/0f tyf 5fkf nufotsf
h'g;'s} dfWodaf6 s'g} ;dfrf/, ;DkfbsLo, n]v, /rgf jf cGo s'g}
kf7\o, >Jo, >Job[Zo ;fdu|Lsf] k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ug{ jf ;"rgf
k|jfx ug{ jf 5fKg k"j{ k|ltaGw nufOg] 5}g .
t/ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, /fli6otf jf
;+3Lo OsfOaLrsf] ;';DaGw jf ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{ jf
;Dk|bfo aLrsf] ;';DaGwdf vnn kg]{, /fHob|f]x, ufnL a]OHhtL jf
cbfntsf] cjx]ngf x'g] jf ck/fw ug{ b'?T;fxg ug]{ jf ;fj{hlgs
lzi6frf/, g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n sfo{ ug{], >dk|lt cjx]ngf ug{] /
hftLo 5'jf5"t Pj+ n}+lus e]befjnfO{ b'?T;fxg ug]{ sfo{df dgfl;a
k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L P]g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ s'g} >Jo, >Job[Zo jf ljB'tLo pks/0fsf] dfWod jf
5fkfvfgfaf6 s'g} ;dfrf/, n]v, ;DkfbsLo, /rgf, ;"rgf jf cGo
s'g} ;fdu|L d'b|0f jf k|sfzg, k|;f/0f u/] jf 5fk] afkt To:tf]
;fdu|L k|sfzg, k|;f/0f ug]{ jf 5fKg] /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, cgnfOg jf
cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] l8lh6n jf ljB'tLo pks/0f, 5fkf jf cGo
;~rf/ dfWodnfO{ aGb, hkmt jf btf{ vf/]h jf To:tf] ;fdu|L
hkmt ul/g] 5}g .
t/ o; pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] /]l8of], 6]lnlehg,
cgnfOg jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] l8lh6n jf ljB'tLo pks/0f,
5fkfvfgf jf cGo ;~rf/ dfWodsf] lgodg ug{ P]g agfpg aGb]h
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} 5fkf, ljB'tLo k|;f/0f tyf
6]lnkmf]g nufotsf ;~rf/ ;fwgnfO{ cj?4 ul/g] 5}g .
11
@)&@.^.#
@)= Gofo ;DaGwL xs M -!_ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ePsf] sf/0f
;lxtsf] ;"rgf glbO{ y'gfdf /flvg] 5}g .
-@_ kqmfpdf k/]sf JolQmnfO{ kqmfp k/]sf] ;dob]lv g}
cfk"mn] /f]h]sf] sfg"g Joj;foL;Fu ;Nnfx lng kfpg] tyf sfg"g
Joj;foLf/f k'k{If ug{] xs x'g]5 . To:tf] JolQmn] cfgf] sfg"g
Joj;foL;Fu u/]sf] k/fdz{ / lghn] lbPsf] ;Nnfx uf]Ko /xg]5 .
t/ zq' b]zsf] gful/ssf] xsdf of] pkwf/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkwf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu sfg"g Joj;foL
eGgfn] s'g} c8\8f cbfntdf s'g} JolQmsf] k|ltlglwTj ug{ sfg"gn]
clwsf/ lbPsf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ kqmfp ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ePsf] ;do tyf
:yfgaf6 af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s rf}aL; 306fleq d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/L
;dIf pkl:yt u/fpg' kg{]5 / To:tf] clwsf/Laf6 cfb]z ePdf
afx]s kqmfp ePsf] JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf /flvg] 5}g .
t/ lgjf/s gh/aGbdf /flvPsf JolQm / zq' b]zsf]
gful/ssf] xsdf of] pkwf/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-$_ tTsfn k|rlnt sfg"gn] ;hfo gx'g] s'g} sfd u/] afkt
s'g} JolQm ;hfoefuL x'g] 5}g / s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ s;"/ ubf{sf]
cj:yfdf sfg"gdf tf]lsPeGbf a9L ;hfo lbOg] 5}g .
-%_ s'g} cleof]u nfu]sf] JolQmnfO{ lghn] u/]sf] s;"/
k|dfl0ft geP;Dd s;"/bf/ dflgg] 5}g .
-^_ s'g} klg JolQm lj?4 cbfntdf Ps} s;"/df Ps
k6seGbf a9L d'2f rnfOg] / ;hfo lbOg] 5}g .
-&_ s'g} s;"/sf] cleof]u nfu]sf] JolQmnfO{ cfgf] lj?4 ;fIfL
x'g afWo kfl/g] 5}g .
-*_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ lgh lj?4 ul/Psf] sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L
kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-(_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ :jtGq, lgikIf / ;Ifd cbfnt jf
Goflos lgsfoaf6 :jR5 ;'g'jfOsf] xs x'g]5 .
-!)_ c;dy{ kIfnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd lgMz'Ns sfg"gL ;xfotf
kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
12
@)&@.^.#
@!= ck/fw kLl8tsf] xs M -!_ ck/fw kLl8tnfO{ cfkm" kLl8t ePsf]
d'2fsf] cg';Gwfg tyf sf/afxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ ck/fw kLl8tnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ;fdflhs k'gM:yfkgf /
Ifltk"lt{ ;lxtsf] Gofo kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
@@= oftgf lj?4sf] xs M -!_ kqmfp k/]sf] jf y'gfdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{
zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s oftgf lbOg] jf lgh;Fu lgd{d, cdfgjLo jf
ckdfghgs Jojxf/ ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ sfg"g adf]lhd b08gLo
x'g]5 / To:tf] Jojxf/af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{
kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
@#= lgjf/s gh/aGb lj?4sf] xs M -!_ g]kfnsf]] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns
cv08tf jf ;fj{hlgs zflGt / Joj:yfdf tTsfn vnn kg]{ kof{Kt
cfwf/ geO{ s;}nfO{ klg lgjf/s gh/aGbdf /flvg] 5}g .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd lgjf/s gh/aGbdf /x]sf] JolQmsf
l:yltsf] af/]df lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:o jf glhssf] gft]bf/nfO{
sfg"g adf]lhd tTsfn hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ zq' b]zsf] gful/ssf xsdf of] pkwf/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-#_ lgjf/s gh/aGbdf /fVg] clwsf/Ln] sfg"g ljk/Lt jf
ablgotk"j{s s'g} JolQmnfO{ gh/aGbdf /fv]df To:tf] JolQmnfO{
sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
@$= 5'jf5"t tyf e]befj lj?4sf] xs M -!_ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ lghsf]
pTklQ, hft, hflt, ;d'bfo, k]zf, Joj;fo jf zf/Ll/s cj:yfsf]
cfwf/df s'g} klg lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf s'g} k|sf/sf]
5'jf5"t jf e]befj ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ s'g} j:t', ;]jf jf ;'ljwf pTkfbg jf ljt/0f ubf{ To:tf]
j:t', ;]jf jf ;'ljwf s'g} vf; hft jf hfltsf] JolQmnfO{ v/Lb jf
k|fKt ug{af6 /f]s nufOg] jf To:tf] j:t', ;]jf jf ;'ljwf s'g} vf;
hft jf hfltsf] JolQmnfO{ dfq laqmL ljt/0f jf k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
-#_ pTklQ, hft, hflt jf zf/Ll/s cj:yfsf] cfwf/df s'g}
JolQm jf ;d'bfonfO{ pRr jf gLr bzf{pg], hft, hflt jf
5'jf5"tsf] cfwf/df ;fdflhs e]befjnfO{ Gofof]lrt 7fGg] jf
5'jf5"t tyf hftLo pRrtf jf 3[0ffdf cfwfl/t ljrf/sf] k|rf/
13
@)&@.^.#
k|;f/ ug{ jf hftLo lje]bnfO{ s'g} klg lsl;dn] k|f]T;fxg ug{ kfOg]
5}g .
-$_ hftLo cfwf/df 5'jf5"t u/L jf gu/L sfo{:yndf s'g}
k|sf/sf] e]befj ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-%_ o; wf/fsf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf 5'jf5"t
tyf e]befjhGo sfo{ uDeL/ ;fdflhs ck/fwsf kdf sfg"g
adf]lhd b08gLo x'g]5g\ / To:tf] sfo{af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ sfg"g
adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
@%= ;DklQsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ;DklQ
cfh{g ug]{, ef]u ug]{, a]rlavg ug]{, Jofj;flos nfe k|fKt ug]{ /
;DklQsf] cGo sf/f]af/ ug]{ xs x'g]5 .
t/ /fHon] JolQmsf] ;DklQdf s/ nufpg / k|ultzLn s/sf]
dfGotf cg'k JolQmsf] cfodf s/ nufpg ;Sg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;DklQ eGgfn] rn
crn nufot ;a} k|sf/sf] ;DklQ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af}l4s
;DklQ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-@_ ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu afx]s /fHon] s'g} JolQmsf] ;DklQ
clwu|x0f ug]{, k|fKt ug]{ jf To:tf] ;DklQ pk/ c? s'g} k|sf/n] s'g}
clwsf/sf] l;h{gf ug]{ 5}g .
t/ s'g} klg JolQmn] u}/sfg"gL kn] cfh{g u/]sf] ;DklQsf]
xsdf of] pkwf/f nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu /fHon] s'g}
klg JolQmsf] ;DklQ clwu|x0f ubf{ Ifltk"lt{sf] cfwf/ / sfo{k|0ffnL
P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ / -#_ sf] Joj:yfn] e"ldsf] pTkfbg /
pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug{, s[lifsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f / Joj;foLs/0f,
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, Jojl:yt cfjf; tyf zx/L ljsf; ug{] k|of]hgsf
nflu /fHon] sfg"g adf]lhd e"ld ;'wf/, Joj:yfkg / lgodg ug{
afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd /fHon] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu s'g}
JolQmsf] ;DklQ clwu|x0f u/]sf]df To:tf] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] ;6[f
14
@)&@.^.#
csf{] s'g} ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu To:tf] ;DklQ k|of]u ug{ afwf kg]{
5}g .
@^= wfld{s :jtGqtfsf] xs M -!_ wd{df cf:yf /fVg] k|To]s JolQmnfO{
cfgf]] cf:yf cg';f/ wd{sf] cjnDag, cEof; / ;+/If0f ug{]
:jtGqtf x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s wfld{s ;Dk|bfonfO{ wfld{s :yn tyf wfld{s u'7L
;~rfng / ;+/If0f ug{] xs x'g]5 .
t/ wfld{s :yn tyf wfld{s u'7Lsf] ;~rfng / ;+/If0f ug{
tyf u'7L ;DklQ tyf hUufsf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu sfg"g agfO{
lgoldt ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ o; wf/ff/f k|bQ xssf] k|of]u ubf{ s;}n] klg
;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo, lzi6frf/ / g}ltstfsf] k|lts"n x'g] jf ;fj{hlgs
zflGt e+u ug]{ lqmofsnfk ug{, u/fpg jf s;}sf] wd{ kl/jt{g
u/fpg] jf csf{sf] wd{df vnn kg{] sfd jf Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg
x'Fb}g / To:tf] sfo{ sfg"g adf]lhd b08gLo x'g]5 .
@&= ;"rgfsf] xs M k|To]s gful/snfO{ cfgf] jf ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf]
s'g} klg ljifosf] ;"rgf dfUg] / kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
t/ sfg"g adf]lhd uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ ;"rgfsf] hfgsf/L lbg
s;}nfO{ afWo kfl/g] 5}g .
@*= uf]kgLotfsf] xs M s'g} klg JolQmsf] hLp, cfjf;, ;DklQ, lnvt,
tYof+s, kqfrf/ / rl/q ;DaGwL ljifosf] uf]kgLotf sfg"g adf]lhd
afx]s cgltqmDo x'g]5 .
@(= zf]if0f lj?4sf] xs M -!_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ zf]if0f lj?4sf] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ wd{, k|yf, k/Dk/f, ;+:sf/, k|rng jf cGo s'g} cfwf/df
s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ s'g} lsl;dn] zf]if0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ s;}nfO{ klg a]rlavg ug{, bf; jf afFwf agfpg kfOg]
5}g .
-$_ s;}nfO{ klg lghsf] OR5f lj?4 sfddf nufpg kfOg]
5}g .
t/ ;fj{hlgs k|of]hgsf nflu gful/snfO{ /fHon] clgjfo{
;]jfdf nufpg ;Sg] u/L sfg"g agfpg /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
15
@)&@.^.#
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ / -$_ ljk/Ltsf] sfo{ sfg"g adf]lhd
b08gLo x'g]5 / kLl8tnfO{ kL8saf6 sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg]
xs x'g]5 .
#)= :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ :jR5 / :j:y
jftfj/0fdf afFRg kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f jf x|f;af6 x'g] Ifltafkt kLl8tnfO{
k|b"ifsaf6 sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x''g]5 .
-#_ /fi6sf] ljsf; ;DaGwL sfo{df jftfj/0f / ljsf;aLr
;d'lrt ;Gt'ngsf nflu cfjZos sfg"gL Joj:yf ug{ o; wf/fn]
afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
#!= lzIff ;DaGwL xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ cfwf/e"t lzIffdf
kx'Frsf] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 cfwf/e"t tx;Ddsf] lzIff
clgjfo{ / lgMz'Ns tyf dfWolds tx;Ddsf] lzIff lgMz'Ns kfpg]
xs x'g]5 .
-#_ ckf+utf ePsf / cfly{s kn] ljkGg gful/snfO{ sfg"g
adf]lhd lgMz'Ns pRr lzIff kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-$_ b[li6ljxLg gful/snfO{ a|]nlnlk tyf alx/f / :j/ jf
af]nfO ;DaGwL ckf+utf ePsf gful/snfO{ ;f+s]lts efiffsf]
dfWodaf6 sfg"g adf]lhd lgMz'Ns lzIff kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-%_ g]kfndf a;f]af; ug{] k|To]s g]kfnL ;d'bfonfO{ sfg"g
adf]lhd cfgf] dft[efiffdf lzIff kfpg] / To;sf nflu ljBfno
tyf z}lIfs ;+:yf vf]Ng] / ;~rfng ug{] xs x'g]5 .
#@= efiff tyf ;+:s[ltsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s JolQm / ;d'bfonfO{ cfgf]
efiff k|of]u ug]{ xs x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s JolQm / ;d'bfonfO{ cfgf] ;d'bfosf] ;f+:s[lts
hLjgdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-#_ g]kfndf a;f]af; ug{] k|To]s g]kfnL ;d'bfonfO{ cfgf]
efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;f+:s[lts ;Eotf / ;Dkbfsf] ;+jw{g / ;+/If0f
ug{] xs x'g]5 .
16
@)&@.^.#
##= /f]huf/Lsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] xs x'g]5 .
/f]huf/Lsf] zt{, cj:yf / a]/f]huf/ ;xfotf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] 5gf}6 ug{ kfpg] xs
x'g]5 .
#$= >dsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s >ldsnfO{ plrt >d cEof;sf] xs x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu >lds eGgfn] kfl/>lds
lnO{ /f]huf/bftfsf nflu zf/Ll/s jf af}l4s sfo{ ug{] sfdbf/ jf
dhb"/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ k|To]s >ldsnfO{ plrt kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf tyf of]ubfgdf
cfwfl/t ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs x'g]5 .
-#_ k|To]s >ldsnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd 6]8 o'lgog vf]Ng],
To;df ;xefuL x'g] tyf ;fd"lxs ;f}bfafhL ug{ kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
#%= :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 cfwf/e"t
:jf:Yo ;]jf lgMz'Ns k|fKt ug{] xs x'g]5 / s;}nfO{ klg cfsl:ds
:jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ cfgf] :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] ;DaGwdf
hfgsf/L kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-#_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jfdf ;dfg kx'Frsf] xs
x'g]5 .
-$_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ :jR5 vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOdf
kx'Frsf] xs x'g]5 .
#^= vfB ;DaGwL xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ vfB ;DaGwL xs x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ vfBj:t'sf] cefjdf hLjg hf]lvddf
kg]{ cj:yfaf6 ;'/lIft x'g] xs x'g]5 .
-#_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd vfB ;Dk|e'tfsf] xs
x'g]5 .
#&= cfjf;sf] xs M -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ pko'Qm cfjf;sf] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} klg gful/snfO{ lghsf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] jf;:yfgaf6 x6fOg] jf cltqmd0f ul/g] 5}g .
17
@)&@.^.#
#*= dlxnfsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s dlxnfnfO{ n}+lus e]befj ljgf ;dfg
j+zLo xs x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s dlxnfnfO{ ;'/lIft dft[Tj / k|hgg :jf:Yo
;DaGwL xs x'g]5 .
-#_ dlxnf lj? wfld{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/f, k|rng
jf cGo s'g} cfwf/df zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, of}ghGo, dgf]j}1flgs jf
cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] lx+;fhGo sfo{ jf zf]if0f ul/g] 5}g . To:tf] sfo{
sfg"g adf]lhd b08gLo x'g]5 / kLl8tnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{
kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-$_ /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf dlxnfnfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL
l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df ;xefuL x'g] xs x'g]5 .
-%_ dlxnfnfO{ lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/L / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf
;sf/fTds lje]bsf cfwf/df ljz]if cj;/ k|fKt ug]{ xs x'g]5 .
-^_ ;DklQ tyf kfl/jfl/s dfldnfdf bDktLsf] ;dfg xs
x'g]5 .
#(= afnaflnsfsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ cfgf] klxrfg ;lxt
gfds/0f / hGdbtf{sf] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ kl/jf/ tyf /fHoaf6 lzIff,
:jf:Yo, kfng kf]if0f, plrt :ofxf/, v]ns"b, dgf]/~hg tyf
;jf{+uL0f JolQmTj ljsf;sf] xs x'g]5 .
-#_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ k|f/lDes afn ljsf; tyf afn
;xeflutfsf] xs x'g]5 .
-$_ s'g} klg afnaflnsfnfO{ snsf/vfgf, vfgL jf o:t} cGo
hf]lvdk"0f{ sfddf nufpg kfOg] 5}g .
-%_ s'g} klg afnaflnsfnfO{ afn ljjfx, u}/sfg"gL
cf];f/k;f/ / ckx/0f ug{ jf aGws /fVg kfOg] 5}g .
-^_ s'g} klg afnaflnsfnfO{ ;]gf, k|x/L jf ;z:q ;d"xdf
egf{ jf k|of]u ug{ jf ;f+:s[lts jf wfld{s k|rngsf gfddf s'g}
klg dfWod jf k|sf/n] b'Jo{jxf/, pk]Iff jf zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s,
of}ghGo jf cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] zf]if0f ug{ jf cg'lrt k|of]u ug{
kfOg] 5}g .
18
@)&@.^.#
-&_ s'g} klg afnaflnsfnfO{ 3/, ljBfno jf cGo h'g;'s}
:yfg / cj:yfdf zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] oftgf
lbg kfOg] 5}g .
-*_ k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ afn cg's"n Gofosf] xs x'g]5 .
-(_ c;xfo, cgfy, ckf+utf ePsf, GkLl8t, lj:yflkt Pj+
hf]lvddf /x]sf afnaflnsfnfO{ /fHoaf6 ljz]if ;+/If0f / ;'ljwf
kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
-!)_ pkwf/f -$_, -%_, -^_ / -&_ ljk/Ltsf sfo{ sfg"g
adf]lhd b08gLo x'g]5g\ / To:tf] sfo{af6 kLl8t afnaflnsfnfO{
kL8saf6 sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
$)= blntsf] xs M -!_ /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf blntnfO{ ;dfg'kflts
;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df ;xefuL x'g] xs x'g]5 . ;fj{hlgs ;]jf
nufotsf /f]huf/Lsf cGo If]qdf blnt ;d'bfosf] ;zQmLs/0f,
k|ltlglwTj / ;xeflutfsf nflu sfg"g adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
-@_ blnt ljBfyL{nfO{ k|fyldsb]lv pRr lzIff;Dd sfg"g
adf]lhd 5fqj[lQ ;lxt lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ul/g]]5 . k|fljlws
/ Jofj;flos pRr lzIffdf blntsf nflu sfg"g adf]lhd ljz]if
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
-#_ blnt ;d'bfonfO{ :jf:Yo / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{
sfg"g adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
-$_ blnt ;d'bfonfO{ cfgf] k/Dk/fut k]zf, 1fg, ;Lk /
k|ljlwsf] k|of]u, ;+/If0f / ljsf; ug]{ xs x'g]5 . /fHon] blnt
;d'bfosf k/Dk/fut k]zf;Fu ;DalGwt cfw'lgs Joj;fodf
pgLxnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ To;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;Lk / ;|f]t
pknAw u/fpg]5 .
-%_ /fHon] e"ldxLg blntnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ps k6s
hdLg pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ /fHon] cfjf;ljxLg blntnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd a;f]af;sf]
Joj:yf ug]{5 .
19
@)&@.^.#
-&_ blnt ;d'bfonfO{ o; wf/ff/f k|bQ ;'ljwf blnt dlxnf,
k'?if / ;a} ;d'bfodf /x]sf blntn] ;dfg'kflts kdf k|fKt ug]{
u/L Gofof]lrt ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
$!= Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xs M Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 ljz]if ;+/If0f tyf
;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs x'g]5 .
$@= ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs M -!_ ;fdflhs kn] k5fl8 k/]sf dlxnf,
blnt, cflbjf;L, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, yf, cNk;+Vos,
ckf+utf ePsf JolQm, ;LdfGtLs[t, d'l:nd, lk58f ju{, n}+lus tyf
of}lgs cNk;+Vos, o'jf, ls;fg, >lds, pTkLl8t jf lk5l8Psf]
If]qsf gful/s tyf cfly{skn] ljkGg v; cfo{nfO{ ;dfj]zL
l;4fGtsf cfwf/df /fHosf] lgsfodf ;xeflutfsf] xs x'g]5 .
-@_ cfly{s kn] ljkGg tyf nf]kf]Gd'v ;d'bfosf gful/ssf]
;+/If0f, pTyfg, ;zQmLs/0f / ljsf;sf nflu lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;
/f]huf/L, vfBfGg / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf ljz]if cj;/ tyf nfe kfpg]
xs x'g]5 .
-#_ ckf+utf ePsf gful/snfO{ ljljwtfsf] klxrfg ;lxt
dof{bf / cfTd;Ddfgk"j{s hLjgofkg ug{ kfpg] / ;fj{hlgs ;]jf
tyf ;'ljwfdf ;dfg kx'Frsf] xs x'g]5 .
-$_ k|To]s ls;fgnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd s[lif sfo{sf nflu
e"lddf kx'Fr, k/Dk/fut kdf k|of]u / cjnDag ul/Psf] :yfgLo
aLp lahg / s[lif k|hfltsf] 5gf}6 / ;+/If0fsf] xs x'g]5 .
-%_ g]kfndf cu|ufdL nf]stflGqs kl/jt{gsf]] nflu ePsf ;a}
hg cfGbf]ng, ;z:q ;+3if{ / qmflGtsf qmddf hLjg pT;u{ ug]{
zxLbsf kl/jf/, a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf kl/jf/, nf]stGqsf of]4f,
GkLl8t / lj:yflkt, ckf+utf ePsf JolQm, 3fOt] tyf kLl8tnfO{
Gofo Pj+ plrt ;Ddfg ;lxt lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/L, cfjf; /
;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf sfg"g adf]lhd k|fyldstfsf ;fy cj;/ kfpg]
xs x'g]5 .
$#= ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs M cfly{s kn] ljkGg, czQm / c;xfo
cj:yfdf /x]sf, c;xfo Psn dlxnf, ckf+utf ePsf, afnaflnsf,
cfk\mgf] x]/rfx cfkm}+ ug{ g;Sg] tyf nf]kf]Gd'v hfltsf gful/snfO{
sfg"g adf]lhd ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs x'g]5 .
20
@)&@.^.#
$$= pkef]Qmfsf] xs M -!_ k|To]s pkef]QmfnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo j:t' tyf ;]jf
k|fKt ug]{ xs x'g]5 .
-@_ u'0f:t/xLg j:t' jf ;]jfaf6 Iflt k'u]sf] JolQmnfO{ sfg"g
adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
$%= b]z lgsfnf lj?4sf] xs M s'g} klg gful/snfO{ b]z lgsfnf ul/g]
5}g .
$^= ;+j}wflgs pkrf/sf] xs M o; efuf/f k|bQ xssf] k|rngsf nflu
wf/f !## jf !$$ df n]lvP adf]lhd ;+j}wflgs pkrf/ kfpg] xs
x'g]5 .
$&= df}lns xssf] sfof{Gjog M o; efuf/f k|bQ xsxsf]
sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/ /fHon] of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
ePsf] tLg jif{leq sfg"gL Joj:yf ug]{5 .
$*= gful/ssf st{Jo M k|To]s gful/ssf st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5g\ M
-s_ /fi6k|lt lgi7fjfg xF'b} g]kfnsf] /fli6otf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf
/ cv08tfsf] /Iff ug{',
-v_ ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] kfngf ug{',
-u_ /fHon] rfx]sf avt clgjfo{ ;]jf ug'{,
-3_ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;'/Iff / ;+/If0f ug{' .
21
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu$
/fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGt, gLlt tyf bfloTj
$(= dfu{lgb]{zgsf kdf /xg] M -!_ o; efudf plNnlvt lgb]{zs
l;4fGt, gLlt tyf bfloTj /fHo ;~rfngsf] dfu{lgb]{zgsf kdf
/xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fHon] o; efudf plNnlvt l;4fGt, gLlt / bfloTjsf]
sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;|f]t ;fwg kl/rfng ug]{
u/fpg]5 .
%)= lgb]{zs l;4fGtx M -!_ g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns
cv08tf / :jfwLgtfnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fVb} gful/ssf] hLp, wg,
;dfgtf / :jtGqtfsf] ;+/If0f u/L sfg"gsf] zf;g, df}lns xs tyf
dfgj clwsf/sf d"No / dfGotf, n}+lus ;dfgtf, ;dfg'kflts
;dfj]zLs/0f, ;xeflutf / ;fdflhs Gofosf] dfWodaf6 /fli6o
hLjgsf ;a} If]qdf Gofok"0f{ Joj:yf sfod ub}{ nf]ssNof0fsf/L
/fHoJoj:yfsf] :yfkgf ug]{ tyf k/:k/ ;xof]udf cfwfl/t
;+3Lotfsf cfwf/df ;+3Lo OsfOxaLrsf] ;DaGw ;~rfng ub}{
:yfgLo :jfoQtf / ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] cfwf/df zf;g Joj:yfdf
;dfg'kflts l;4fGtnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ nf]stflGqs clwsf/sf]
pkef]u ug{ kfpg] cj:yf ;'lglZrt ug{ ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs
u0ftGqfTds Joj:yf ;'b[9 ug]{ /fHosf] /fhgLlts p2]Zo x'g]5 .
-@_ wd{, ;+:s[lt, ;+:sf/, k|yf, k/Dk/f, k|rng jf cGo s'g}
klg cfwf/df x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf lje]b, zf]if0f / cGofosf] cGTo u/L
;Eo / ;dtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ Pj+ /fli6o uf}/j, nf]stGq,
hgkIfLotf, >dsf] ;Ddfg, pBdzLntf, cg'zf;g, dof{bf /
;lxi0f'tfdf cfwfl/t ;fdflhs ;f+:s[lts d"Noxsf] ljsf; ug]{ tyf
;f+:s[lts ljljwtfsf] ;Ddfg ub}{ ;fdflhs ;b\efj, P]Soa4tf /
;fd~h:o sfod u/L /fli6o Pstf ;'b[9 ug]{ /fHosf] ;fdflhs /
;f+:s[lts p2]Zo x'g]5 .
-#_ ;fj{hlgs, lghL / ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;xeflutf tyf ljsf;
dfkm{t pknAw ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] clwstd kl/rfngf/f tLj| cfly{s
j[l4 xfl;n ub{} lbuf] cfly{s ljsf; ug]{ tyf k|fKt pknlAwxsf]
Gofof]lrt ljt/0f u/L cfly{s c;dfgtfsf] cGTo ub}{ zf]if0f/lxt
;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ /fli6o cy{tGqnfO{ cfTdlge{/, :jtGq tyf
22
@)&@.^.#
pGgltzLn agfpFb} ;dfhjfb pGd'v :jtGq / ;d[4 cy{tGqsf]
ljsf; ug]{ /fHosf] cfly{s p2]Zo x'g]5 .
-$_ g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf,
:jfwLgtf / /fli6o lxtsf] /Iff ub}{ ;fj{ef}lds ;dfgtfsf cfwf/df
cGt/f{li6o ;DaGw sfod u/L ljZj ;d'bfodf /fli6o ;Ddfgsf]
clej[l4 ug]{tkm{ /fHosf] cGt/f{li6o ;DaGw lgb]{lzt x'g]5 .
%!= /fHosf gLltx M /fHon] b]xfosf gLltx cjnDag ug]{5 M
-s_ /fli6o Pstf / /fli6o ;'/Iff ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf /
:jfwLgtfsf] ;+/If0f ub}{ /fli6o Pstf cIf'00f /fVg],
-@_ ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{, efiff, ;+:s[lt / ;Dk|bfoaLr
kf/:kl/s ;b\efj, ;lxi0f'tf / P]Soa4tf sfod u/L
;+3Lo OsfOaLr k/:k/df ;xof]ufTds ;DaGw
ljsf; ub}{ /fli6o Pstf k|jw{g ug]{,
-#_ /fli6o ;'/Iff k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; u/L zflGt ;'/Iffsf]
Joj:yf ug]{,
-$_ ;jf+{uL0f dfgjLo ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt ug]{,
-%_ /fli6o ;'/Iff gLltsf cfwf/df g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn
k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, an g]kfn nufot ;a} ;'/Iff
lgsfonfO{ ;an, ;'b[9, Jofj;flos, ;dfj]zL /
hgpQ/bfoL agfpg],
-^_ /fli6o cfjZostf cg'k gful/snfO{ /fi6sf] ;]jf
ug{ tTk/ / ;Ifd agfpg],
-&_ k"j{ sd{rf/L, ;}lgs / k|x/L nufotsf k"j{
/fi6;]jsxdf /x]sf] 1fg, ;Lk / cg'ejnfO{ /fi6
lxtdf ;d'lrt pkof]u ug{] .
-v_ /fhgLlts tyf zf;g Joj:yf ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ /fhgLlts pknlAwsf] /Iff, ;'b[9Ls/0f / ljsf; ub}{
cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts kfGt/0fsf
dfWodaf6 hgtfsf] ;jf]{Qd lxt / ;d'Gglt k|Tofe"t
ug]{,
23
@)&@.^.#
-@_ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g ub}{ ljlwsf] zf;g
sfod /fVg],
-#_ g]kfn kIf ePsf cGt/f{li6o ;lGw ;Demf}tfxsf]
sfof{Gjog ug]{,
-$_ ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gnfO{ :jR5, ;Ifd, lgikIf, kf/bzL{,
e|i6frf/d'Qm, hgpQ/bfoL / ;xeflutfd"ns agfpFb}
/fHoaf6 k|fKt x'g] ;]jf ;'ljwfdf hgtfsf] ;dfg /
;xh kx'Fr ;'lglZrt u/L ;'zf;gsf] k|Tofe"lt ug]{,
-%_ cfd;~rf/nfO{ :jR5, :j:y, lgikIf, dof{lbt, lhDd]jf/
/ Jofj;flos agfpg cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{,
-^_ ;+3Lo OsfOaLr lhDd]jf/L, ;|f]t ;fwg / k|zf;gsf]
;fem]bf/L ub}{ ;'dw'/ / ;xof]ufTds ;DaGwsf] ljsf;
/ lj:tf/ ug]{ .
-u_ ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts kfGt/0f ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ :j:y / ;Eo ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; u/L ;fdflhs
;';DaGwdf cfwfl/t ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{,
-@_ P]ltxfl;s, k'/ftflTjs tyf ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf]
;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / ljsf;sf nflu cWoog, cg';Gwfg,
pTvgg tyf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{,
-#_ ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts tyf ;]jfd"ns sfo{df :yfgLo
;d'bfosf] l;h{gzLntfsf] k|jw{g / kl/rfng u/L
:yfgLo hg;xeflutf clej[l4 ub}{ ;fd'bflos ljsf;
ug]{,
-$_ /fli6o ;Dkbfsf] kdf /x]sf snf, ;flxTo / ;Ltsf]
ljsf;df hf]8 lbg],
-%_ ;dfhdf ljBdfg wd{, k|yf, k/Dk/f, /Llt tyf
;+:sf/sf gfddf x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf lje]b, c;dfgtf,
zf]if0f / cGofosf] cGt ug]{,
-^_ b]zsf] ;f+:s[lts ljljwtf sfod /fVb} ;dfgtf Pj+
;xcl:tTjsf cfwf/df ljleGg hfthflt / ;d'bfosf]
24
@)&@.^.#
efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;flxTo, snf, rnlrq / ;Dkbfsf]
;+/If0f / ljsf; ug]{,
-&_ ax'eflifs gLlt cjnDag ug{] .
-3_ cy{, pBf]u / jfl0fHo ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ ;fj{hlgs, lghL / ;xsf/L If]qsf] ;xeflutf / :jtGq
ljsf; dfkm{t /fli6o cy{tGq ;'b[9 ug]{,
-@_ cy{tGqdf lghL If]qsf] e"ldsfnfO{ dxTj lbb} pknAw
;fwg / ;|f]tsf] clwstd kl/rfng u/L cfly{s ;d[l4
xfl;n ug{],
-#_ ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ k|jw{g ub{} /fli6o ljsf;df cTolws
kl/rfng ug{],
-$_ cfly{s If]qsf ;a} ultljlwdf :jR5tf, hjfkmb]xL /
k|lt:kwf{ sfod ug{ lgodgsf] Joj:yf ub}{ ;jf{+uL0f
/fli6o ljsf;df k|f]T;fxg / kl/rfng ug]{,
-%_ pknAw ;fwg, ;|f]t tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf] k|ltkmnsf]
Gofof]lrt ljt/0f ug]{,
-^_ t'ngfTds nfesf If]qsf] klxrfg u/L pBf]usf] ljsf;
/ lj:tf/f/f lgof{t k|jw{g ub{} j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ahf/
ljljwLs/0f / lj:tf/ ug{],
-&_ sfnfahf/L, Psflwsf/, s[lqd cefj l;h{gf ug]{ /
k|lt:kwf{ lgoGq0f h:tf sfo{sf] cGTo ub{} /fli6o
cy{tGqnfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfO{ Jofkfl/s :jR5tf /
cg'zf;g sfod u/L pkef]Qmfsf] lxt ;+/If0f ug]{,
-*_ /fli6o cy{tGqsf] ljsf;sf nflu /fli6o pBf]uwGbf /
;fwg ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{g u/L g]kfnL >d, ;Lk /
sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t :jb]zL nufgLnfO{ k|fyldstf
lbg],
-(_ /fli6o cy{tGqsf] ljsf;sf nflu :jb]zL nufgLnfO{
k|fyldstf lbg],
25
@)&@.^.#
-!)_ /fli6o lxt cg's"n cfoft k|lt:yfkg, lgof{t k|jw{gsf
If]qdf j}b]lzs k"FhL tyf k|ljlwsf] nufgLnfO{ cfslif{t
ub{} k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df k|f]T;fxg Pj+ kl/rfng ug]{,
-!!_ j}b]lzs ;xfotf ln+bf /fli6o cfjZostf /
k|fyldstfnfO{ cfwf/ agfpFb} o;nfO{ kf/bzL{ agfpg]
/ j}b]lzs ;xfotfaf6 k|fKt /sd /fli6o ah]6df
;dflxt ug]{,
-!@_ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLxsf] 1fg, ;Lk, k|ljlw / k"FhLnfO{
/fli6o ljsf;df pkof]u ug]{,
-!#_ cf}Bf]lus sl/8f]/, ljz]if cfly{s If]q, /fli6o
kl/of]hgf, ljb]zL nufgLsf kl/of]hgfsf] ;Gbe{df
cGt/ k|b]z tyf k|b]z / ;+3 aLr ;dGjo :yflkt
u/fO{ cfly{s ljsf;nfO{ ultzLntf k|bfg ug{] .
-_ s[lif / e"ld;'wf/ ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ e"lddf /x]sf] bf]xf]/f] :jfldTj cGTo ub}{ ls;fgsf]
lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL j}1flgs e"ld;'wf/ ug]{,
-@_ cg'kl:yt e":jfldTjnfO{ lg?T;flxt ub}{ hUufsf]
rSnfaGbL u/L pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug{],
-#_ ls;fgsf] xs lxt ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g ub{} s[lifsf]
pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a9fpg e"pkof]u gLltsf]
cjnDag u/L e"ldsf] Joj:yfkg / s[lifsf]
Joj;foLs/0f, cf}Bf]lusLs/0f, ljljwLs/0f /
cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{],
-$_ e"ldsf] pTkfbgzLntf, k|s[lt tyf jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng
;d]tsf cfwf/df lgodg / Joj:yfkg ub}{ To;sf]
;d'lrt pkof]u ug]{,
-%_ s[ifssf nflu s[lif ;fdu|L, s[lif pkhsf] plrt d"No /
ahf/df kx'Frsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
-r_ ljsf; ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ If]qLo ;Gt'ng ;lxtsf] ;dfj]zL cfly{s ljsf;sf
nflu If]qLo ljsf;sf] of]hgf cGtu{t lbuf] ;fdflhs
26
@)&@.^.#
cfly{s ljsf;sf /0fgLlt / sfo{qmdx th{'df u/L
;dGjofTds tj/n] sfof{Gjog ug{],
-@_ ljsf;sf b[li6n] k5fl8 k/]sf If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lb+b}
;Gt'lnt, jftfj/0f cg's"n, u'0f:t/Lo tyf lbuf] kdf
ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{,
-#_ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofdf :yfgLo hg;xeflutf
clej[l4 ug]{,
-$_ j}1flgs cWoog cg';Gwfg Pj+ lj1fg / k|ljlwsf]
cfljisf/, pGgog / ljsf;df nufgL clej[l4 ug]{]
tyf j}1flgs, k|fljlws, af}l4s / ljlzi6 k|ltefxsf]
;+/If0f ug]{,
-%_ /fli6o cfjZostf cg';f/ ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf; /
lj:tf/ u/L To;df ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] ;xh /
;/n kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug]{ tyf /fli6o ljsf;df
;"rgf k|ljlwsf] pRrtd pkof]u ug]{,
-^_ ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn ljt/0fdf ljkGg gful/snfO{
k|fyldstf lb+b} cfd hgtfn] Gofof]lrt kdf kfpg]
Joj:yf ug]{],
-&_ PsLs[t /fli6o kl/ro Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL
ljsf; u/L gful/ssf ;a} k|sf/sf ;"rgf /
ljj/0fx PsLs[t kdf Joj:yfkg ug]{ tyf
o;nfO{ /fHoaf6 pknAw x'g] ;]jf ;'ljwf / /fli6o
ljsf; of]hgf;Fu cfa4 ug]{,
-*_ hg;f+lVos tYof+snfO{ cBfjlws ub}{ /fli6o ljsf;
of]hgf;Fu cfa4 ug]{ .
-5_ k|fs[lts ;fwg ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / pkof]u ;DaGwL
gLlt M
-!_ /fli6o lxt cg's"n tyf cGt/k':tf ;dGofosf]
dfGotfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ b]zdf pknAw k|fs[lts
;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / jftfj/0f cg's"n
lbuf] kdf pkof]u ug]{ / :yfgLo ;d'bfonfO{
27
@)&@.^.#
k|fyldstf / cu|flwsf/ lb+b} k|fKt k|ltkmnxsf]
Gofof]lrt ljt/0f ug]{,
-@_ hg;xeflutfdf cfwfl/t :jb]zL nufgLnfO{
k|fyldstf lb+b} hn;|f]tsf] ax'pkof]uL ljsf; ug]{,
-#_ gjLs/0fLo pmhf{sf] pTkfbg tyf ljsf; ub}{
gful/ssf cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu
;'ky / ;'ne kdf e/kbf]{ pmhf{sf] cfk"lt{
;'lglZrt ug]{ tyf pmhf{sf] ;d'lrt k|of]u ug]{,
-$_ hnpTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f / gbLsf] Joj:yfkg ub}{
lbuf] / e/kbf]{ l;+rfOsf] ljsf; ug]{,
-%_ hg;fwf/0fdf jftfj/0fLo :jR5tf ;DaGwL r]tgf
a9fO{ cf}Bf]lus Pj+ ef}lts ljsf;af6 jftfj/0fdf
kg{ ;Sg] hf]lvdnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ub}{ jg, jGohGt',
kIfL, jg:klt tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g
/ lbuf] pkof]u ug]{,
-^_ jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ngsf nflu cfjZos e"efudf jg
If]q sfod /fVg],
-&_ k|s[lt, jftfj/0f jf h}ljs ljljwtfdfly gsf/fTds
c;/ k/]sf] jf kg{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf gsf/fTds
jftfj/0fLo k|efj lgd"{n jf Go"g ug{ pko'Qm
pkfox cjnDag ug]{,
-*_ jftfj/0f k|b"if0f ug{]n] ;f] afkt bfloTj Aoxf]g{'kg{]
tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0fdf k"j{;fjwfgL / k"j{;"lrt
;xdlt h:tf kof{j/0fLo lbuf] ljsf;sf l;4fGt
cjnDag ug]{,
-(_ k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 x'g] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ k"j{
;"rgf, tof/L, p4f/, /fxt Pj+ k'g:yf{kgf ug{] .
-h_ gful/ssf cfwf/e"t cfjZostf ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ lzIffnfO{ j}1flgs, k|fljlws, Jofj;flos, ;Lkd"ns,
/f]huf/d"ns Pj+ hgd'vL agfpFb} ;Ifd, k|lt:kwL{,
g}lts Pj+ /fli6o lxtk|lt ;dlk{t hgzlQm tof/
ug]{,
28
@)&@.^.#
-@_ lzIff If]qdf /fHosf] nufgL clej[l4 ub}{ lzIffdf
ePsf] lghL If]qsf] nufgLnfO{ lgodg / Joj:yfkg
u/L ;]jfd"ns agfpg],
-#_ pRr lzIffnfO{ ;xh, u'0f:t/Lo / kx'Fr of]Uo agfO{
qmdzM lgMz'Ns agfpFb} n}hfg],
-$_ gful/ssf] JolQmTj ljsf;sf nflu ;fd'bflos
;"rgf s]Gb| / k':tsfnosf] :yfkgf / k|jw{g ug]{,
-%_ gful/snfO{ :j:y agfpg /fHon] hg:jf:Yosf]
If]qdf cfjZos nufgL clej[l4 ub}{ hfg],
-^_ u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jfdf ;a}sf] ;xh, ;'ne /
;dfg kxF'r ;'lglZrt ug{]{,
-&_ g]kfnsf] k/Dk/fut lrlsT;f k4ltsf] kdf /x]sf]
cfo'j{]lbs, k|fs[lts lrlsT;f / xf]ldof]k]lys nufot
:jf:Yo k4ltsf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{g ug{],
-*_ :jf:Yo If]qdf /fHosf] nufgL clej[l4 ub}{ o;
If]qdf ePsf] lghL nufgLnfO{ lgodg / Joj:yfkg
u/L ;]jfd"ns agfpg],
-(_ :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ ;j{;'ne / u'0f:t/Lo agfpg
:jf:Yo cg';Gwfgdf hf]8 lb+b} :jf:Yo ;+:yf /
:jf:YosdL{sf] ;+Vof j[l4 ub}{ hfg],
-!)_ g]kfnsf] Ifdtf / cfjZostfsf cfwf/df hg;+Vof
Joj:yfkgsf nflu kl/jf/ lgof]hgnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ub}{
dft[ lzz' d[To'b/ 36fO{ cf};t cfo' a9fpg],
-!!_ cJojl:yt a;f]af;nfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{] tyf
of]hgfa4 / Jojl:yt a:tL ljsf; ug]{,
-!@_ s[lif If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ub}{ vfB ;Dk|e'tfsf]
dfGotf cg'k hnjfo' / df6f] cg's"nsf] vfBfGg
pTkfbgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg u/L vfBfGgsf] lbuf] pTkfbg,
cfk"lt{, ;~ro, ;'/Iff / ;'ne tyf k|efjsf/L
ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{,
29
@)&@.^.#
-!#_ cfwf/e"t j:t' tyf ;]jfdf ;a} gful/sxsf] ;dfg
kxF'r ;'lglZrt ub}{ b'u{d / k5fl8 kfl/Psf] If]qnfO{
ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{ of]hgfa4 cfk"lt{sf] Joj:yf
ug]{,
-!$_ oftfoft ;'ljwfdf gful/sxsf] ;/n, ;xh /
;dfg kxF'r ;'lglZrt ub}{ oftfoft If]qdf nufgL
clej[l4 ug]{ / jftfj/0f cg's"n k|ljlwnfO{
k|fyldstf lb+b} ;fj{hlgs oftfoftnfO{ k|f]T;fxg /
lghL oftfoftnfO{ lgodg u/L oftfoft If]qnfO{
;'/lIft, Jojl:yt / ckf+utf ePsf JolQm cg's"n
agfpg],
-!%_ gful/ssf] :jf:Yo aLdf ;'lglZrt ub{} :jf:Yo
pkrf/df kx'Frsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
-em_ >d / /f]huf/ ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ ;a}n] sfd ug{ kfpg] cj:yf ;'lglZrt ub}{ b]zsf]
d'Vo ;fdflhs cfly{s zlQmsf] kdf /x]sf]
>dzlQmnfO{ bIf / Jofj;flos agfpg] / :jb]zdf
g} /f]huf/L clej[l4 ug]{,
-@_ dof{lbt >dsf] cjwf/0ff cg'k ;a} >ldssf]
cfwf/e"t clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ub}{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff
k|Tofe"t ug]{,
-#_ afn>d nufot >d zf]if0fsf ;a} ksf] cGTo ug]{,
-$_ >lds / pBdL Joj;foLaLr ;';DaGw sfod ub{}
Joj:yfkgdf >ldssf] ;xeflutf k|f]T;fxg ug{],
-%_ j}b]lzs /f]huf/LnfO{ zf]if0fd'Qm, ;'/lIft / Jojl:yt
ug{ tyf >ldssf] /f]huf/L / clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt
ug{ o; If]qsf] lgodg / Joj:yfkg ug]{,
-^_ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 cfh{g ePsf] kF"hL, ;Lk, k|ljlw
/ cg'ejnfO{ :jb]zdf pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf nufpg
k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
30
@)&@.^.#
-`_ ;fdflhs Gofo / ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ c;xfo cj:yfdf /x]sf Psn dlxnfnfO{ ;Lk, Ifdtf
/ of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df /f]huf/Ldf k|fyldstf lb+b}
hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu ;d'lrt Joj:yf ub}{ hfg],
-@_ hf]lvddf k/]sf, ;fdflhs / kfl/jfl/s alxis/0fdf
k/]sf tyf lx+;f kLl8t dlxnfnfO{ k'gM:yfkgf,
;+/If0f, ;zQmLs/0f u/L :jfjnDaL agfpg],
-#_ k|hgg cj:yfdf cfjZos ;]jf ;'ljwf pkef]usf]
;'lglZrttf ug]{,
-$_ afnaRrfsf] kfng kf]if0f, kl/jf/sf] x]/rfx h:tf
sfd / of]ubfgnfO{ cfly{s kdf d"Nof+sg ug]{],
-%_ afnaflnsfsf] ;jf{]Qd lxtnfO{ k|fylds kdf Wofg
lbg],
-^_ d'Qm sd}of, sDxn/L, x/jf, r/jf, xlnof, e"ldxLg,
;'s'Daf;Lxsf] klxrfg u/L a;f]af;sf nflu 3/
38]/L tyf hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu s[lifof]Uo hdLg jf
/f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ub}{ k'gM:yfkgf ug]{,
-&_ /fli6o ljsf;df o'jf ;xeflutf clej[l4 ub}{
/fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts
clwsf/xsf] k"0f{ pkof]usf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{,
o'jfsf] ;zQmLs/0f / ljsf;sf nflu lzIff, :jf:Yo,
/f]huf/L nufotsf If]qdf ljz]if cj;/ k|bfg ub}{
JolQmTj ljsf; ug{] tyf /fHosf] ;jf+{uL0f ljsf;df
of]ubfgsf nflu pko'Qm cj;/ k|bfg ug]{,
-*_ cflbjf;L hghfltsf] klxrfg ;lxt ;Ddfgk"j{s
afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ cj;/ tyf
nfesf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ub}{ o; ;d'bfo;Fu
;/f]sf/ /fVg] lg0f{oxdf ;xefuL u/fpg] tyf
cflbjf;L hghflt / :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] k/Dk/fut
1fg, ;Lk, ;+:s[lt, ;fdflhs k/Dk/f / cg'ejnfO{
;+/If0f / ;+jw{g ug]{],
31
@)&@.^.#
-(_ cNk;+Vos ;d'bfonfO{ cfgf] klxrfg sfod /fvL
;fdflhs / ;+f:s[lts clwsf/ k|of]usf] cj;/ tyf
nfesf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{,
-!)_ dw]zL ;d'bfo, d'l:nd / lk58f ju{nfO{ cfly{s,
;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts cj;/ / nfesf] ;dfg
ljt/0f tyf To:tf ;d'bfoleqsf ljkGg gful/ssf]
;+/If0f, pTyfg, ;zQmLs/0f / ljsf;sf cj;/ tyf
nfesf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{,
-!!_ pTkLl8t tyf lk5l8Psf] If]qsf gful/ssf] ;+/If0f,
pTyfg, ;zQmLs/0f, ljsf; / cfwf/e"t cfjZostf
kl/k"lt{sf cj;/ tyf nfesf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf
ug]{,
-!@_ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / ;fdflhs Gofo k|bfg ubf{ ;a}
ln+u, If]q / ;d'bfoleqsf cfly{s kn] ljkGgnfO{
k|fyldstf k|bfg ug]{,
-!#_ :j:y, ;Ifd / cg'zfl;t gful/s tof/ ug{ v]ns"b
tyf v]nf8Ldf of]hgfa4 nufgL ug]{ / v]ns"bnfO{
/fli6o Pstf ;'b[9 ug]{ Pj+ cGt/f{li6o If]qdf /fli6o
;Ddfg clej[l4 ug{]{ dfWodsf] kdf ljsf; ug]{,
-!$_ ;fd'bflos tyf /fli6o jf cGt/f{li6o u}/;/sf/L
;+3 ;+:yfsf] nufgL / e"ldsfnfO{ hjfkmb]xL /
kf/bzL{ agfpFb} To:tf ;+:yfxsf] :yfkgf, :jLs[lt,
;~rfng, lgodg / Joj:yfkgsf nflu Psf/
k|0ffnL ckgfpg] / /fli6o cfjZostf /
k|fyldstfsf If]qdf dfq To:tf ;+3 ;+:yfxnfO{
;+nUg u/fpg] .
-6_ Gofo / b08 Joj:yf ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ Gofo k|zf;gnfO{ l56f] 5l/tf], ;j{;'ne, ldtJooL,
lgikIf, k|efjsf/L / hgpQ/bfoL agfpg],
-@_ ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf ljjfb ;dfwfgsf nflu d]nldnfk,
dWo:ytf h:tf j}slNks pkfox cjnDag ug]{,
32
@)&@.^.#
-#_ /fhgLlts, k|zf;lgs, Goflos, ;fdflhs nufot
;a} If]qsf] e|i6frf/ / clgoldttf lgoGq0fsf nflu
k|efjsf/L pkfo cjnDag ug]{ .
-7_ ko{6g ;DaGwL gLlt M g]kfnsf P]ltxfl;s, ;f+:s[lts,
wfld{s, k'/ftflTjs / k|fs[lts ;Dkbfxsf] klxrfg,
;+/If0f, k|jw{g Pj+ k|rf/ k|;f/ dfkm{t /fli6o cy{tGqsf]
dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/sf] kdf kof{j/0f cg's"n ko{6g pBf]usf]
ljsf; ug]{, ko{6g ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{ cfjZos
jftfj/0f Pj+ gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf ko{6g pBf]usf] nfe
ljt/0fdf :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] .
-8_ cGt/f{li6o ;DaGw ;DaGwL gLlt M
-!_ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, :jfwLgtf
/ /fli6o lxtsf] /Iff ug{ lqmofzLn /xFb} ;+o'Qm
/fi6;+3sf] a8fkq, c;+nUgtf, k~rzLnsf] l;4fGt,
cGt/f{li6o sfg"g / ljZjzflGtsf] dfGotfsf
cfwf/df /fi6sf] ;jf]{kl/ lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL
:jtGq k//fi6 gLlt ;~rfng ug]{,
-@_ ljutdf ePsf ;lGwxsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ub}{ ;dfgtf
/ kf/:kl/s lxtsf] cfwf/df ;lGw ;Demf}tfx ug]{ .
%@= /fHosf] bfloTj M g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns
cv08tf / :jfwLgtfnfO{ cIf'00f /fVb} df}lns xs tyf dfgj
clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+jw{{g, /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGtxsf] cg';/0f
tyf /fHosf gLltxsf] qmdzM sfof{Gjog ub}{ g]kfnnfO{ ;d[4 tyf
;d'Ggt agfpg] /fHosf] bfloTj x'g]5 .
%#= k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{] M o; efudf plNnlvt /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGt,
gLlt / bfloTj sfof{Gjogsf ;DaGwdf u/]sf sfd / k|fKt pknlAw
;lxtsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5 /
/fi6kltn] To:tf] k|ltj]bg k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t ;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf k]z
ug]{ Joj:yf ug]{5 .
%$= cg'udg ;DaGwL Joj:yf M o; efudf plNnlvt /fHosf lgb]{zs
l;4fGt, gLlt / bfloTjsf] k|ultzLn sfof{Gjog eP gePsf]
cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug{ ;+3Lo ;+;bdf sfg"g adf]lhd Ps ;ldlt
/xg]5 .
33
@)&@.^.#
%%= cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg g;lsg] M o; efudf n]lvPsf s'g} ljifo
sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg
;lsg] 5}g .
34
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu%
/fHosf] ;+/rgf / /fHozlQmsf] afF8kmfF8
%^= /fHosf] ;+/rgf M -!_ ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] d"n
;+/rgf ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx u/L tLg txsf] x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfnsf] /fHozlQmsf] k|of]u ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn]
o; ;+ljwfg tyf sfg"g adf]lhd ug{] 5g\ .
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt g]kfndf sfod /x]sf
cg';"rL$ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf lhNnfx /x]sf k|b]z
/xg]5g\ .
-$_ :yfgLo tx cGtu{t ufpFFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf
;ef /xg]5g\ . ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfdf /xg] j8fsf] ;+Vof ;+3Lo
sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd ;fdflhs ;f+:s[lts ;+/If0f jf
cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu ljz]if, ;+/lIft jf :jfoQ If]q sfod ug{
;lsg]5 .
-^_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf,
;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, :jfwLgtf, /fli6o lxt, ;jf{+uL0f
ljsf;, ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{Tds nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds ;+3Lo
zf;g k|0ffnL, dfgj clwsf/ tyf df}lns xs, sfg"gL /fHo, zlQm
k[ysLs/0f / lgoGq0f tyf ;Gt'ng, ax'ntf / ;dfgtfdf cfwfl/t
;dtfd"ns ;dfh, ;dfj]zL k|ltlglwTj / klxrfgsf] ;+/If0f ug]{
5g\ .
%&= /fHozlQmsf] afF8kmfF8 M -!_ ;+3sf] clwsf/ cg';"rL% df plNnlvt
ljifodf lglxt /xg]5 / To:tf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u of] ;+ljwfg /
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ k|b]zsf] clwsf/ cg';"rL^ df plNnlvt ljifodf lglxt
/xg]5 / To:tf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u of] ;+ljwfg / k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-#_ ;+3 / k|b]zsf] ;femf clwsf/ cg';"rL& df plNnlvt
ljifodf lglxt /xg]5 / To:tf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u of] ;+ljwfg, ;+3Lo
sfg"g / k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
35
@)&@.^.#
-$_ :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/ cg';"rL* df plNnlvt ljifodf
lglxt /xg]5 / To:tf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u of] ;+ljwfg / ufpF ;ef jf
gu/ ;efn] agfPsf] sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] ;femf clwsf/ cg';"rL( df
plNnlvt ljifodf lglxt /xg]]5 / To:tf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u of]
;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"g, k|b]z sfg"g / ufpF ;ef jf gu/ ;efn]
agfPsf] sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -#_ jf -%_ adf]lhd k|b]z ;ef, ufpF ;ef jf
gu/ ;efn] sfg"g agfpFbf ;+3Lo sfg"g;Fu gaflemg] u/L agfpg'
kg{]5 / k|b]z ;ef, ufpF ;ef jf gu/ ;efn] agfPsf] To:tf] sfg"g
;+3Lo sfg"g;Fu aflemPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd cfdfGo x'g]5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd ufpF ;ef jf gu/ ;efn] sfg"g
agfpFbf k|b]z sfg"g;Fu gaflemg] u/L agfpg' kg{]5 / ufpF ;ef jf
gu/ ;efn] agfPsf] To:tf] sfg"g k|b]z sfg"g;Fu aflemPdf
aflemPsf] xb;Dd cfdfGo x'g]5 .
%*= cjlzi6 clwsf/ M o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+3, k|b]z tyf :yfgLo
txsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rL jf ;femf ;"rLdf pNn]v gePsf] jf of]
;+ljwfgdf s'g} txn] k|of]u ug{] u/L gtf]lsPsf] ljifodf ;+3sf]
clwsf/ x'g]5 .
%(= cfly{s clwsf/sf] k|of]u M -!_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] cfgf]
clwsf/leqsf] cfly{s clwsf/ ;DaGwL ljifodf sfg"g agfpg],
jflif{s ah]6 agfpg], lg0f{o ug]{, gLlt tyf of]hgf tof/ ug]{ /
To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ 5g\ .
-@_ ;+3n] ;femf ;"rLsf ljifodf / cfly{s clwsf/sf cGo
If]qdf k|b]znfO{ ;d]t nfu" x'g] u/L cfjZos gLlt, dfkb08 / sfg"g
agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] cfcfgf] txsf] ah]6 agfpg]
5g\ / k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] ah]6 k]z ug]{ ;do ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn]] k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] k|of]u jf
ljsf;af6 k|fKt nfesf] ;dGoflos ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 .
To:tf] nfesf] lglZrt c+z /f]oN6L, ;]jf jf j:t'sf] kdf kl/of]hgf
36
@)&@.^.#
k|efljt If]q / :yfgLo ;d'bfonfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ljt/0f ug'{
kg]{5 .
-%_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] pkof]u ubf{
:yfgLo ;d'bfon] nufgL ug{ rfx]df nufgLsf] k|s[lt / cfsf/sf]
cfwf/df sfg"g adf]lhdsf] c+z nufgL ug{ k|fyldstf lbg' kg{]5 .
-^_ j}b]lzs ;xfotf / C0f lng] clwsf/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
x'g]5 . To:tf] ;xfotf jf C0f ln+bf b]zsf] ;dli6ut cfly{s
:yfloTj x'g] u/L lng' kg]{5 .
-&_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] ah]6 3f6f Joj:yfkg tyf
cGo ljQLo cg'zf;g ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
^)= /fh:j ;|f]tsf] afF8kmfF8 M -!_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] cfgf]
cfly{s clwsf/If]q leqsf] ljifodf s/ nufpg / tL ;|f]txaf6
/fh:j p7fpg ;Sg]5g\ .
t/ ;femf ;"rLleqsf] ljifodf / s'g} klg txsf] ;"rLdf
gk/]sf ljifodf s/ nufpg] / /fh:j p7fpg] Joj:yf g]kfn
;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+sng u/]sf] /fh:j ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo
txnfO{ Gofof]lrt ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg]5 .
-#_ k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] k|fKt ug]{ ljQLo x:tfGt/0fsf]
kl/df0f /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|b]z / :yfgLo txnfO{ vr{sf]
cfjZostf / /fh:jsf] Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df ljQLo ;dfgLs/0f
cg'bfg ljt/0f ug]{5 .
-%_ k|b]zn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg / cfk\mgf] ;|f]taf6
p7\g] /fh:jnfO{ dftxtsf] :yfgLo txsf] vr{sf] cfjZostf /
/fh:j Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd ljQLo ;dfgLs/0f
cg'bfg ljt/0f ug{] 5g\ .
-^_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 k|bfg ug{] ;zt{
cg'bfg, ;dk"/s cg'bfg jf cGo k|of]hgsf nflu lbg] ljz]if cg'bfg
ljt/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
37
@)&@.^.#
-&_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx aLr /fh:jsf] afF8kmfF8 ubf{
;Gt'lnt / kf/bzL{ kdf ug{' kg{]5 .
-*_ /fh:j afF8kmfF8 ;DaGwL ;+3Lo P]g agfpFbf /fli6o gLlt,
/fli6o cfjZostf, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] :jfoQtf, k|b]z / :yfgLo
txn] hgtfnfO{ k'ofpg' kg]{ ;]jf / pgLxnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf]
cfly{s clwsf/, /fh:j p7fpg ;Sg] Ifdtf, /fh:jsf] ;DefJotf /
pkof]u, ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ug'{kg]{ ;xof]u, If]qLo c;Gt'ng, u/LaL /
c;dfgtfsf] Go"gLs/0f, jl~rtLs/0fsf] cGTo, cfsl:ds sfo{ /
c:yfoL cfjZostf k"/f ug{{ ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{ ljifoxdf Wofg lbg'
kg]{5 .
38
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu^
/fi6klt / pk/fi6klt
^!= /fi6klt M -!_ g]kfndf Ps /fi6klt /xg]5 .
-@_ /fi6klt g]kfnsf] /fi6fWoIf x'g]5 . lghn] o; ;+ljwfg /
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd cfgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{5 .
-#_ /fi6kltn] g]kfnsf] /fli6o Pstfsf] k|jw{g ug{]5 .
-$_ ;+ljwfgsf] kfng / ;+/If0f ug'{ /fi6kltsf] k|d'v st{Jo
x'g]5 .
^@= /fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg M -!_ /fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg ;+3Lo ;+;bsf ;b:o
/ k|b]z ;efsf ;b:o dtbftf /x]sf] lgjf{rs d08naf6 x'g]5 .
;+3Lo ;+;bsf ;b:o / k|b]z ;efsf ;b:osf] dtef/ ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd km/s x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g}
k|b]zdf k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rg gePsf sf/0fn] dfq /fi6kltsf]
lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf nflu lgjf{rs d08n u7g ug{ afwf k/]sf]
dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rs d08nsf] tTsfn sfod
/x]sf] s'n dtsf] ax'dt k|fKt ug]{ JolQm /fi6klt lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd s'g} pDd]bjf/n] ax'dt k|fKt ug{
g;s]df ;a}eGbf a9L dt k|fKt ug]{ b'O{ pDd]bjf/x aLr dtbfg
x'g]5 / To:tf] dtbfgdf s'n dtsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L dt
k|fKt ug]{ pDd]bjf/ /fi6klt lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhdsf] dtbfgaf6 ;d]t s'g} pDd]bjf/n]
s'n dtsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L dt k|fKt ug{ g;s]df k'gM
dtbfg x'g]5 . To:tf] dtbfgdf v;]sf] s'n ;b/ dtsf] a9L dt
k|fKt ug{] pDd]bjf/ /fi6klt lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .
-^_ lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQm x'g] /fhgLlts kbdf axfn
/x]sf]] JolQm o; wf/f adf]lhd /fi6klt lgjf{lrt ePdf lghsf]
To:tf] kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .
39
@)&@.^.#
-&_ /fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg / tT;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo
^#= /fi6kltsf] kbfjlw M -!_ /fi6kltsf] kbfjlw lgjf{lrt ePsf] ldltn]
kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] kbfjlw ;dfKt ePsf] /fi6kltn]
csf{] lgjf{lrt /fi6kltn] kbef/ g;Dxfn];Dd o; ;+ljwfg
adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{5 .
^$= /fi6kltsf] of]Uotf M -!_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm /fi6klt
x'gsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o x'g of]Uo ePsf],
-v_ sDtLdf k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /
-u_ s'g} sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf] .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b'O{ k6s
/fi6klt lgjf{lrt eO;s]sf] JolQm /fi6kltsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/
x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
^%= /fi6kltsf] kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yf M b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf /fi6kltsf]
kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] pk/fi6klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] lj?4 wf/f !)! adf]lhd dxfleof]usf]
k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf,
-u_ lghsf] kbfjlw ;dfKt ePdf,
-3_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .
^^= /fi6kltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ /fi6kltn] of] ;+ljwfg jf
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd lghnfO{ k|fKt clwsf/sf] k|of]u / st{Josf]
kfng ug{]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd clwsf/sf] k|of]u jf st{Josf] kfng
ubf{ of] ;+ljwfg jf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} lgsfo jf
kbflwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/;df ul/g] egL ls6fgL;fy Joj:yf ePsf] sfo{
afx]s /fi6kltaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g] cGo h'g;'s} sfo{ dlGqkl/ifbsf]
40
@)&@.^.#
l;kmfl/; / ;Ddltaf6 x'g]5 . To:tf] l;kmfl/; / ;Ddlt k|wfgdGqL
dfkm{t k]z x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd /fi6kltsf] gfddf x'g] lg0f{o jf
cfb]z / tT;DaGwL clwsf/kqsf] k|df0fLs/0f ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
^&= pk/fi6klt M -!_ g]kfndf Ps pk/fi6klt /xg]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fi6kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{x
pk/fi6kltaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g]5 .
-#_ lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQm x'g] /fhgLlts kbdf axfn
/x]sf]] s'g} JolQm pk/fi6kltsf] kbdf lgjf{lrt ePdf lghsf] To:tf]
kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .
^*= pk/fi6kltsf] kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yf M b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf
pk/fi6kltsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] /fi6klt ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] lj?4 wf/f !)! adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj
kfl/t ePdf,
-u_ lghsf] kbfjlw ;dfKt ePdf,
^(= pk/fi6klt ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf M pk/fi6kltsf] of]Uotf, lgjf{rg
k|lqmof, kbfjlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf /fi6kltsf] ;/x x'g]5 .
&)= /fi6klt / pk/fi6klt km/s km/s ln+u jf ;d'bfosf] x'g] M o;
;+ljwfg adf]lhd /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg km/s km/s ln+u
jf ;d'bfosf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ug{' kg{]5 .
&!= /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] zky M /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltn] cfgf]
sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3 ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd /fi6kltn] k|wfg
GofofwLz ;dIf / pk/fi6kltn] /fi6klt ;dIf kb tyf
uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng' kg]{5 .
&@= /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf M /fi6klt /
pk/fi6kltsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd x'g]5
/ To:tf] P]g gag];Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
41
@)&@.^.#
&#= /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] sfof{no M -!_ /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf]
sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf nflu 5'f5'} sfof{no /xg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfof{nosf] sfd sf/afxL
;~rfng ug{ cfjZos sd{rf/L tyf cGo Joj:yf g]kfn ;/sf/n]
ug]{5 .
42
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu&
;+3Lo sfo{kflnsf
&$= zf;sLo :jk M g]kfnsf] zf;sLo :jk ax'njfbdf cfwfl/t
ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{Tds ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds ;+;bLo
zf;g k|0ffnL x'g]5 .
&%= sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ M -!_ g]kfnsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ of] ;+ljwfg
/ sfg"g adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifbdf lglxt x'g]5 .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL g]kfnsf] zf;g
Joj:yfsf] ;fdfGo lgb]{zg, lgoGq0f / ;~rfng ug]{ cleef/f
dlGqkl/ifbdf x'g]5 .
-#_ g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo sfo{sfl/0fL ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd g]kfn
;/sf/sf] gfddf x'g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf x'g] lg0f{o
jf cfb]z / tT;DaGwL clwsf/kqsf] k|df0fLs/0f ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
&^= dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g M -!_ /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw ;efdf ax'dt k|fKt
;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfnfO{ k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug]{5 / lghsf] cWoIftfdf
dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k|ltlglw ;efdf s'g} klg bnsf]
:ki6 ax'dt g/x]sf] cj:yfdf k|ltlglw ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ b'O{
jf b'O{ eGbf a9L bnxsf] ;dy{gdf ax'dt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] k|ltlglw
;efsf] ;b:onfO{ /fi6kltn] k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
-#_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf]
ldltn] tL; lbgleq pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL lgo'lQm x'g
;Sg] cj:yf gePdf jf To;/L lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug{ g;s]df /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw
;efdf ;a}eGbf a9L ;b:ox ePsf] bnsf] ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfnfO{
k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] To;/L
lgo'Qm ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq k|ltlglw ;efaf6 ljZjf;sf] dt
k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 .
43
@)&@.^.#
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug{ g;s]df pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf]
s'g} ;b:on] k|ltlglw ;efdf ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] cfwf/
k|:t't u/]df /fi6kltn] To:tf] ;b:onfO{ k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug{]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] ljZjf;sf] dt
k|fKt ug{ g;s]df jf k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm x'g g;s]df k|wfgdGqLsf]
l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw ;ef lj36g u/L 5 dxLgfleq csf]{
k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g] u/L lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg]5 .
-*_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ePsf] k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf]
clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf] jf k|wfgdGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePsf]
ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq o; wf/f adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL lgo'lQm ;DaGwL
k|lqmof ;DkGg ug'{ kg{]5 .
-(_ /fi6kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df ;+3Lo ;+;bsf
;b:odWo]af6 ;dfj]zL l;4fGt adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL ;lxt a9Ldf
kRrL; hgf dGqL /x]sf] dlGqkl/ifb u7g ug]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; efusf] k|of]hgsf nflu dGqL eGgfn]
pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL / ;xfos dGqL ;Demg' k5{ .
-!)_ k|wfgdGqL / dGqL ;fd"lxs kdf ;+3Lo ;+;bk|lt
pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ / dGqL cfgf] dGqfnosf] sfdsf nflu JolQmut
kdf k|wfgdGqL / ;+3Lo ;+;bk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ .
&&= k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLsf] kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yf M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g}
cj:yfdf k|wfgdGqLsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-v_ wf/f !)) adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t x'g
g;s]df jf lghsf] lj?4 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t
ePdf,
-u_ lgh k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:o g/x]df,
-@_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf dGqLsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
44
@)&@.^.#
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ k|wfgdGqLn] lghnfO{ kbd'Qm u/]df,
-u_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ adf]lhd
k|wfgdGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePdf,
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePdf csf]{
dlGqkl/ifb u7g geP;Dd ;f]xL dlGqkl/ifbn] sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{5 .
t/ k|wfgdGqLsf] d[To' ePdf csf{] k|wfgdGqL lgo'lQm
geP;Ddsf nflu jl/i7td dGqLn] k|wfgdGqLsf] kdf sfo{
;~rfng ug]{5 .
&*= ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] JolQm dGqL x'g] M -!_ wf/f &^ sf]
pkwf/f -(_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fi6kltn]
k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] s'g}
JolQmnfO{ dGqL kbdf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm dGqLn] zkyu|x0f u/]sf]
ldltn] 5 dxLgfleq ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:otf
k|fKt ug{ g;s]df tTsfn sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfne/
lgh dGqL kbdf k'gM lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg tTsfn
sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf k/flht ePsf] JolQm To:tf]
k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfndf pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd dGqL kbdf
lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
&(= k|wfgdGqL / dGqLsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf M k|wfgdGqL /
dGqLsf] kfl/>lds / cGo ;'ljwf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 . To:tf]
P]g gag];Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
*)= zky M k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL / dGqLn] /fi6klt ;dIf tyf
/fHodGqL / ;xfos dGqLn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf cfgf]] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'
cl3 ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng' kg]{5 .
*!= /fi6kltnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] M k|wfgdGqLn] b]xfosf ljifoxdf
/fi6kltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg]5 M
45
@)&@.^.#
-s_ dlGqkl/ifbsf lg0f{o,
-v_ ;+3Lo ;+;bdf k]z ul/g] ljw]os,
-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt ljifodf /fi6kltn]
hfgsf/L dfu]sf] cGo cfjZos ljj/0f, /
-3_ g]kfnsf] ;d;fdlos kl/l:ylt / j}b]lzs ;DaGwsf
ljifo .
*@= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ;~rfng M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t
lgodfjnL adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ljefhg / sfo{ ;Dkfbg
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ cGtu{tsf] lgodfjnLsf] kfng eof] jf ePg
eGg] k|Zg s'g} cbfntdf p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .
46
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu*
;+3Lo Joj:yflksf
Joj:yflksf
*#= ;+3Lo Joj:yflksf M k|ltlglw ;ef / /fli6o ;ef gfdsf b'O{ ;bg
;lxtsf] Ps ;+3Lo Joj:yflksf x'g]5 h;nfO{ ;+3Lo ;+;b elgg]5 .
*$= k|ltlglw ;efsf] u7g M -!_ k|ltlglw ;efdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf b'O{
;o krxQ/ ;b:o /xg]5g\ M
-s_ g]kfnnfO{ e"uf]n / hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df Ps ;o k}+;L
lgjf{rg If]q sfod u/L k|To]s lgjf{rg If]qaf6 Ps
hgf /xg] u/L klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL
adf]lhd lgjf{lrt x'g] Ps ;o k}+;L ;b:o,
-v_ ;Dk"0f{ b]znfO{ Ps lgjf{rg If]q dfgL /fhgLlts
bnnfO{ dt lbg] ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd
lgjf{lrt x'g] Ps ;o bz ;b:o .
-@_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g] k|ltlglw ;efsf]
lgjf{rgsf nflu /fhgLlts bnn] pDd]bjf/L lb+bf hg;+Vofsf]
cfwf/df dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, v; cfo{, dw];L, yf,
d'l:nd, lk5l8Psf] If]q ;d]taf6 aGb ;"rLsf cfwf/df k|ltlglwTj
u/fpg] Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . To;/L pDd]bjf/L
lb+bf e"uf]n / k|fb]lzs ;Gt'ngnfO{ ;d]t Wofg lbg' kg{]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkwf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu v; cfo{ eGgfn] If]qL,
a|fDx0f, 7s'/L, ;+Gof;L -bzgfdL_ ;d'bfo ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd /fhgLlts bnn] pDd]bjf/L lb+bf
ckf+utf ePsf] JolQmsf] ;d]t k|ltlglwTj x'g] Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd x'g] k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg
sfg"g adf]lhd uf]Ko dtbfgf/f x'g]5 .
-%_ c7f/ jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] k|To]s g]kfnL gful/snfO{
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} Ps lgjf{rg If]qdf dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/
x'g]5 .
-^_ k|ltlglw ;efsf ;b:osf nflu x'g] lgjf{rgdf dtbfg
ug{ clwsf/ kfPsf] wf/f *& adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf] JolQm ;+3Lo
47
@)&@.^.#
sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL s'g} klg lgjf{rg If]qaf6 pDd]bjf/ x'g
kfpg]5 .
t/ Pp6} JolQm PseGbf a9L lgjf{rg If]qdf Ps} k6s
pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-&_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfn 5 dxLgfeGbf a9L cjlw afFsL
5Fb} s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm ePdf To:tf] :yfg h'g lgjf{rg
k|0ffnLaf6 k"lt{ ePsf] lyof] ;f]xL k|lqmoff/f k"lt{ ul/g]5 .
-*_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+3Lo
;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ k|To]s /fhgLlts bnaf6 lgjf{lrt s'n
;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf Ps ltxfO ;b:o dlxnf x'g' kg]{5 . To;/L
lgjf{lrt ubf{ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -s_ / wf/f *^ sf] pkwf/f -@_
sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd lgjf{lrt ;b:ox dWo] s'g} /fhgLlts
bnsf] Ps ltxfO ;b:o dlxnf lgjf{lrt x'g g;s]df To:tf]
/fhgLlts bnn] pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd ;b:o lgjf{lrt
ubf{ cfgf] bnaf6 ;+3Lo ;+;bdf lgjf{lrt x'g] s'n ;b:osf]
sDtLdf Ps ltxfO dlxnf ;b:o x'g] u/L lgjf{lrt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rg / tT;DaGwL cGo ljifo ;+3Lo
*%= k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfn M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd cufj} lj36g
ePsf]df afx]s k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfn kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z nfu" /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+3Lo
P]g adf]lhd k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfn Ps jif{df ga9\g] u/L yk
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd yk ul/Psf] k|ltlglw ;efsf]
sfo{sfn ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z vf/]h ePsf]
ldltn] 5 dxLgf k'u]kl5 :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 .
*^= /fli6o ;efsf] u7g / ;b:oxsf] kbfjlw M -!_ /fli6o ;ef Ps
:yfoL ;bg x'g]5 .
-@_ /fli6o ;efdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf pgfG;f7L ;b:o
/xg]5g\ M
48
@)&@.^.#
-s_ k|b]z ;efsf ;b:o, ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf /
pkfWoIf tyf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v / pkk|d'v
/x]sf] lgjf{rs d08nf/f ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
k|b]z ;efsf ;b:o, ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf /
pkfWoIf tyf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v / pkk|d'vsf]
dtsf] ef/ km/s x'g] u/L k|To]s k|b]zaf6 sDtLdf
tLg hgf dlxnf, Ps hgf blnt / Ps hgf
ckf+utf ePsf JolQm jf cNk;+Vos ;lxt cf7
hgf u/L] lgjf{lrt 5kGg hgf,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltaf6 dgf]gLt
sDtLdf Ps hgf dlxnf ;lxt tLg hgf .
-#_ /fli6o ;efsf ;b:oxsf] kbfjlw 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .
/fli6o ;efsf Ps ltxfO ;b:osf] kbfjlw k|To]s b'O{ jif{df ;dfKt
x'g]5 .
t/ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 klxnf] k6s ;b:osf] kbfjlw
sfod ubf{ uf]nf k|yff/f Ps ltxfOsf] b'O{ jif{, csf]{ Ps ltxfOsf]
rf/ jif{ / afFsL Ps ltxfOsf] 5 jif{sf] x'g] u/L kbfjlw sfod
ul/g]5 .
-$_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 /fli6o ;efsf ;b:osf] klxnf]
k6s kbfjlw u0fgf ubf{ /fli6o ;efsf] k|yd a}7s a;]sf] lbgaf6
;Dk"0f{ ;b:oxsf] kbfjlw k|f/De ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-%_ /fli6o ;efsf] l/Qm x'g cfpg] :yfgsf] k"lt{ To:tf] :yfg
l/Qm ug]{ ;b:osf] lgjf{rg jf dgf]gog h'g t/Lsfn] ePsf] lyof]
;f]xL t/Lsfn] aFfsL cjlwsf nflu ul/g]5 .
-^_ /fli6o ;efsf ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
*&= ;b:osf nflu of]Uotf M -!_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] ;b:o x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfnsf] gful/s,
-v_ k|ltlglw ;efsf nflu kRrL; jif{ / /fli6o
;efsf nflu k}+tL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf],
49
@)&@.^.#
-u_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L s;"/df ;hfo
gkfPsf],
-3_ s'g} ;+3Lo sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf], /
-_ s'g} nfesf] kbdf axfn g/x]sf] .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu
nfesf] kb eGgfn] lgjf{rg jf dgf]gogf/f
k"lt{ ul/g] /fhgLlts kb afx]s ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6
kfl/>lds jf cfly{s ;'ljwf kfpg] cGo kb
;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ s'g} klg JolQm Ps} k6s b'j} ;bgsf] ;b:o x'g ;Sg]
5}g .
-#_ lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQm x'g] /fhgLlts kbdf axfn
/x]sf]] JolQm o; efu adf]lhd ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o kbdf lgjf{lrt
jf dgf]gLt ePdf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o kbsf] zky u|x0f u/]sf]
lbgb]lv lghsf] To:tf] kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .
**= zky M ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] k|To]s ;bgsf ;b:on] ;bg jf To;sf] s'g}
;ldltsf] a}7sdf klxnf] k6s efu lng' cl3 ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
zky lng' kg]{5 .
*(= :yfgsf] l/Qmtf M b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:osf]
:yfg l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] ;efd'v jf cWoIf ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf
lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] wf/f *& adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf gePdf jf g/x]df,
-u_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] sfo{sfn jf /fli6o ;ef ;b:osf]
kbfjlw ;dfKt ePdf,
-3_ lgh ;DalGwt ;bgnfO{ ;"rgf glbO{ nuftf/ bzj6f
a}7sdf cg'kl:yt /x]df,
-_ h'g bnsf] pDd]bjf/ eO{ ;b:o lgjf{lrt ePsf] xf]
To:tf] bnn] ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd lghn] bn Tofu
u/]sf] s'/f ;"lrt u/]df,
50
@)&@.^.#
-r_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .
()= ;b:osf nflu cof]Uotf ;DaGwL lg0f{o M ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;b:o
wf/f *& adf]lhd cof]Uo 5 jf x'g uPsf] 5 eGg] k|Zg p7]df
To;sf] clGtd lg0f{o ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;n]] ug]{5 .
(!= k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v M -!_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] klxnf]
a}7s k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq k|ltlglw ;efsf ;b:oxn]
cfkm"dWo]af6 k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg
ug]{5g\ .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg ubf{ k|ltlglw ;efsf]
;efd'v / pk;efd'v dWo] Ps hgf dlxnf x'g] u/L ug{' kg]{5 /
k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v km/s km/s bnsf] k|ltlglw
x'g' kg]{5 .
t/ k|ltlglw ;efdf PseGbf a9L bnsf] k|ltlglwTj gePsf]
jf k|ltlglwTj eP/ klg pDd]bjf/L glbPsf] cj:yfdf Ps} bnsf]
;b:o k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v x'g afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-#_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v jf pk;efd'vsf] kb l/Qm ePdf
k|ltlglw ;efsf ;b:oxn] cfkm"dWo]af6 k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v /
pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg u/L l/Qm :yfgsf] k"lt{ ug]{ 5g\ .
-$_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'vsf] cg'kl:yltdf pk;efd'vn]
k|ltlglw ;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{5 .
-%_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg
gePsf] jf b'j} kb l/Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf k|ltlglw ;efsf] a}7ssf]
cWoIftf pkl:yt ;b:o dWo] pd]/sf] lx;fan] Ho]i7 ;b:on] ug]{5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v jf
pk;efd'vsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lgh k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;b:o g/x]df,
t/ k|ltlglw ;ef lj36g ePsf] cj:yfdf
cfgf] kbdf axfn /x]sf k|ltlglw ;efsf ;efd'v /
pk;efd'v k|ltlglw ;efsf nflu x'g] csf]{ lgjf{rgsf]
pDd]bjf/L bflvn ug]{ cl3Nnf] lbg;Dd cfgf] kbdf
axfn /xg]5g\ .
51
@)&@.^.#
-v_ lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-u_ lghn] kb cg's"n cfr/0f gu/]sf] eGg] k|:tfj
k|ltlglw ;efsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o
;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf .
-&_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'vn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f gu/]sf]
eGg] k|:tfj pk/ 5nkmn x'g] a}7ssf] cWoIftf k|ltlglw ;efsf]
pk;efd'vn] ug]{5 . To:tf] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmndf k|ltlglw ;efsf]
;efd'vn] efu lng / dt lbg kfpg]5 .
(@= /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIf M -!_ /fli6o ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s
k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq /fli6o ;efsf ;b:oxn]
cfkm"dWo]af6 /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] lgjf{rg ug]{5g\ .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg ubf{ /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf
/ pkfWoIf dWo] Ps hgf dlxnf x'g] u/L ug{' kg]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf jf pkfWoIfsf] kb l/Qm ePdf
/fli6o ;efsf ;b:oxn] cfkm"dWo]af6 /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf jf
pkfWoIfsf] lgjf{rg u/L l/Qm :yfgsf] k"lt{ ug]{ 5g\ .
-$_ /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIfsf]] cg'kl:yltdf /fli6o ;efsf]
pkfWoIfn] /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{5 .
-%_ /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] lgjf{rg gePsf] jf
kb l/Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf /fli6o ;efsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf pkl:yt
;b:odWo] pd]/sf] lx;fan] Ho]i7 ;b:on] ug]{5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf jf
pkfWoIfsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lgh /fli6o ;efsf] ;b:o g/x]df,
-u_ lghn]] kb cg's"n cfr/0f gu/]sf] eGg] k|:tfj /fli6o
;efsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{
ltxfO ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf .
52
@)&@.^.#
-&_ /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIfn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f gu/]sf]
eGg] k|:tfj pk/ 5nkmn x'g] a}7ssf] cWoIftf /fli6o ;efsf]
pkfWoIfn] ug]{5 . To:tf] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmndf /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIfn]
efu lng / dt lbg kfpg]5 .
(#= clwj]zgsf] cfJxfg / cGTo M -!_ /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw ;efsf nflu
ePsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq
;+3Lo ;+;bsf] clwj]zg cfJxfg ug]{5 . To;kl5 o; ;+ljwfg
adf]lhd /fi6kltn] ;do ;dodf b'j} jf s'g} ;bgsf] clwj]zg
cfJxfg ug{]5 .
t/ Pp6f clwj]zgsf] ;dflKt / csf]{ clwj]zgsf] k|f/Desf
aLrsf] cjlw 5 dxLgfeGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'j} jf s'g} ;bgsf] clwj]zgsf]
cGTo ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw ;efsf] clwj]zg rfn" g/x]sf] jf
a}7s :ylut ePsf] cj:yfdf clwj]zg jf a}7s af]nfpg jf~5gLo
5 egL k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO
;b:oxn] lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df To:tf] clwj]zg jf a}7s a:g]
ldlt / ;do tf]Sg]5 . To;/L tf]lsPsf] ldlt / ;dodf k|ltlglw
;efsf] clwj]zg k|f/De x'g] jf a}7s a:g]5 .
($= u0fk"/s ;+Vof M o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf n]lvPsf]df afx]s ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] s'g} klg ;bgsf] a}7sdf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO
;b:o pkl:yt geP;Dd s'g} k|Zg jf k|:tfj lg0f{osf nflu k|:t't
x'g] 5}g .
(%= /fi6kltaf6 ;Daf]wg M -!_ /fi6kltn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;bgsf]
a}7s jf b'j} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ / To;sf nflu
;b:osf] pkl:ylt cfXjfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rg kl5sf] klxnf]
clwj]zg / k|To]s jif{sf] klxnf] clwj]zg k|f/De ePkl5 ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] b'j} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{5 .
(^= pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL / ;xfos dGqLn] b'j} ;bgsf]
a}7sdf efu lng kfpg] M pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo dGqL / ;xfos
53
@)&@.^.#
dGqLn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;bg jf To;sf] ;ldltdf pkl:yt x'g /
sf/afxL tyf 5nkmndf efu lng kfpg] 5g\ .
t/ cfkm" ;b:o gePsf] ;bg jf To;sf] ;ldltdf dtbfg
ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
(&= ;ldltsf] u7g M -!_ k|ltlglw ;ef / /fli6o ;efn] ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd ;ldltx u7g ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-@_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'O{ ;bgsf aLrsf] sfo{k|0ffnLnfO{
Jojl:yt ug{, s'g} ljw]osdf /x]sf] dtleGgtf cGTo ug{ jf cGo
s'g} vf; sfo{sf nflu b'j} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm ;ldlt u7g ul/of];\ egL
s'g} ;bgn] k|:tfj kfl/t u/]df ;+o'Qm ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 .
To:tf] ;+o'Qm ;ldltdf k|ltlglw ;efsf ;b:o kfFr hgf / /fli6o
;efsf ;b:o Ps hgfsf] cg'kftdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cfwf/df a9Ldf
kRrL; hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
(*= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;bgsf] sfo{ ;~rfng M ;+3Lo
;+;bsf]] s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm eP klg ;bgn] cfgf] sfo{
;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;bgsf] sf/afxLdf efu
lng gkfpg] s'g} JolQmn] efu lnPsf] s'/f kl5 kQf nfUof] eg] klg
eO;s]sf] sfo{ cdfGo x'g] 5}g .
((= dtbfg M o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] s'g} ;bgdf lg0f{osf nflu k|:t't ul/Psf] h'g;'s} k|:tfjsf]
lg0f{o pkl:yt eO{ dtbfg ug]{ ;b:oxsf] ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 .
cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmnfO{ dt lbg] clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .
t/ dt a/fa/ ePdf lghn] cfgf] lg0ff{os dt lbg]5 .
!))= ljZjf;sf] dt / cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_
k|wfgdGqLn] s'g} klg avt cfk"mdfly k|ltlglw ;efsf] ljZjf; 5
eGg] s'/f :ki6 ug{ cfjZos jf pko'Qm 7fg]df ljZjf;sf] dtsf
nflu k|ltlglw ;ef ;dIf k|:tfj /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ k|wfgdGqLn] k|ltlglwTj ug{] bn ljeflht ePdf jf
;/sf/df ;xefuL bnn] cfgf] ;dy{g lkmtf{ lnPdf tL; lbgleq
k|wfgdGqLn] ljZjf;sf] dtsf nflu k|ltlglw ;ef ;dIf k|:tfj /fVg'
kg{]5 .
54
@)&@.^.#
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|:tfj k|ltlglw
;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dtaf6 kfl/t
x'g g;s]df k|wfgdGqL cfgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 .
-$_ k|ltlglw ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox
dWo] Ps rf}yfO ;b:on] k|wfgdGqLdfly ;bgsf] ljZjf; 5}g egL
lnlvt kdf cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
t/ k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ePsf] klxnf] b'O{ jif{;Dd / Ps k6s
/fv]sf] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj c;kmn ePsf] Ps jif{ leq cljZjf;sf]
k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ubf{
k|wfgdGqLsf nflu k|:tfljt ;b:osf] gfd ;d]t pNn]v u/]sf]] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj
k|ltlglw ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf k|wfgdGqL kbd'Qm x'g]5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t eO{
k|wfgdGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePdf pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd k|:tfj ul/Psf]
k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:onfO{ /fi6kltn] wf/f &^ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL
lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
!)!= dxfleof]u M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] uDeL/ pNn+3g u/]sf]
cfwf/df k|ltlglw ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
Ps rf}yfO ;b:on] /fi6klt jf pk/fi6klt lj?4 dxfleof]usf]
k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . To:tf] k|:tfj ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'j} ;bgsf]
tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO
ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf lgh kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] u+eL/ pNn+3g u/]sf],
sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj jf v/fa cfr/0f ePsf] jf Odfgbf/Lk"j{s
cfgf] kbLo st{Josf] kfng gu/]sf] jf cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] uDeL/
pNn+3g u/]]sf] sf/0fn] cfgf] kbLo lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ g;s]sf]
cfwf/df k|ltlglw ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
Ps rf}yfO ;b:on] g]kfnsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf
GofofwLz, Gofo kl/ifbsf ;b:o, ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v jf
kbflwsf/Lsf lj?4 dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . To:tf]
55
@)&@.^.#
k|:tfj k|ltlglw ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf ;DalGwt JolQm kbaf6
d'Qm x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] s'g} JolQmsf] lj?4 dxfleof]usf]
k|:tfj k]z ug{] cfwf/ / sf/0f ljBdfg eP gePsf] 5fgaLg u/L
l;kmfl/; ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu k|ltlglw ;efdf Ps dxfleof]u
l;kmfl/; ;ldlt /xg]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltdf k|ltlglw ;efsf P3f/
hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-%_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd dxfleof]uaf6 kbd'Qm x'g] JolQmn]
;+ljwfgsf] uDeL/ pNn+3g u/]sf] jf sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj jf v/fa
cfr/0f jf kbLo bfloTjsf] kfng Odfgbf/Lk"j{s gu/]sf] jf cfrf/
;+lxtfsf] uDeL/ pNn+3g u/]]sf] eGg] cfwf/df k|fKt ;"rgf, hfgsf/L
jf ph'/L u|fx\o /x]sf] egL k|ltlglw ;efsf sDtLdf tLg hgf
;b:on] k|dfl0ft u/L k]z u/]df pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn]
To:tf] ph'/Ldfly ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd 5fglag u/L dxfleof]u
;DaGwL sf/afxLsf nflu k|ltlglw ;ef ;dIf l;kmfl/; u/]df
pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj k]z x'g ;Sg]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] sf/afxL k|f/De ePkl5
g]kfnsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLz,
Gofokl/ifbsf ;b:o, ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v jf kbflwsf/Ln]
To:tf] sf/afxLsf] 6'+uf] gnfu];Dd cfgf] kbsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{
kfpg] 5}g .
-&_ pkwf/f -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] cf/f]k nfu]sf]
JolQmnfO{ ;kmfO k]z ug{] dgfl;a df}sf lbg' kg{]5 .
-*_ o; wf/f adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj kfl/t eO{ kbd'Qm
ePsf /fi6klt jf pk/fi6klt, g]kfnsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr
cbfntsf GofofwLz, Gofokl/ifbsf ;b:o, ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf
k|d'v jf kbflwsf/Ln] kbdf /xFbf s'g} s;"/ u/]sf] eP To:tf]
s;"/df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ afwf kg{] 5}g .
-(_ pkwf/f -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj kfl/t
eO{ kbd'Qm ePsf]] JolQmn] To:tf] kbaf6 kfpg] s'g} ;'ljwf lng /
56
@)&@.^.#
eljiodf s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs kbdf lgo'lQm jf dgf]gog x'g ;Sg]
5}g .
-!)_ dxfleof]u ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
!)@= cglwsf/ pkl:yt ePdf jf dtbfg u/]df ;hfo M wf/f **
adf]lhd zky glnPsf] jf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] s'g} JolQm
;b:osf] x}l;otn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;bg jf To;sf] ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf pkl:yt ePdf jf dtbfg u/]df lghnfO{ To:tf] a}7ssf]
cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmsf] cfb]zn] To;/L pkl:yt ePsf] jf dtbfg
u/]sf] k|To]s k6ssf nflu kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/afgf x'g]5 / To:tf]
hl/afgf ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ul/g]]5 .
!)#= ljz]ifflwsf/ M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'j}
;bgdf k"0f{ jfs\ :jtGqtf /xg]5 / ;bgdf JoQm u/]sf] s'g} s'/f jf
lbPsf] s'g} dtnfO{ lnP/ s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ kqmfp ul/g], y'gfdf
/flvg] jf lgh pk/ s'g} cbfntdf sf/afxL rnfOg] 5}g .
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] k|To]s
;bgnfO{ cfgf] sfd sf/afxL / lg0f{o ug{] k"0f{ clwsf/ /xg]5 /
;bgsf] s'g} sf/afxL lgoldt 5 jf 5}g egL lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/
;DalGwt ;bgnfO{ dfq x'g]5 . o; ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg
p7fOg] 5}g .
-#_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;bgsf] s'g} klg sf/afxLdfly To;sf]
c;n lgotaf/] z+sf p7fO{ s'g} 6Lsfl6Kk0fL ul/g] 5}g / s'g}
;b:on] af]n]sf] s'g} s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf hfgLhfgL unt jf e|fds
cy{ nufO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] k|sfzg jf k|;f/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ / -#_ sf] Joj:yf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o
afx]s ;bgsf] a}7sdf efu lng kfpg] cGo JolQmsf xsdf klg
nfu" x'g]5 .
-%_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} ;bgn] lbPsf] clwsf/ cGtu{t s'g}
lnvt, k|ltj]bg, dtbfg jf sf/afxL k|sflzt u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/
s'g} JolQm pk/ cbfntdf sf/afxL rNg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M of] pkwf/f / pkwf/f -!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_ sf] k|of]hgsf
nflu ;bg eGgfn] k|ltlglw ;ef jf /fli6o ;ef ;Demg' k5{ / ;f]
57
@)&@.^.#
zAbn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;+o'Qm a}7s jf ;ldlt jf ;+o'Qm ;ldltnfO{
;d]t hgfpF5 .
-^_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ clwj]zg af]nfOPsf]
;"rgf hf/L ePkl5 clwj]zg cGTo geP;Ddsf] cjlwe/ kqmfp
ul/g] 5}g .
t/ s'g} kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf s'g} ;b:onfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd kqmfp ug{ o; pkwf/fn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
To;/L s'g} ;b:o kqmfp ul/Pdf kqmfp ug]{ clwsf/Ln] To;sf]
;"rgf ;DalGwt ;bgsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-&_ ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xggnfO{ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] cjx]ngf dflgg]5
/ s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xgg ePsf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o
ug]{ clwsf/ ;DalGwt ;bgnfO{ dfq x'g]5 .
-*_ s;}n] s'g} ;bgsf] cjx]ngf u/]df ;DalGwt ;bgsf]
cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] ;bgsf] lg0f{oaf6 ;f] JolQmnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg,
g;Lxt lbg jf tLg dxLgfdf ga9\g] u/L s}b ug{ jf bz xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] hl/afgf ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x
c;'n pk/ ul/g]]5 .
t/ ;DalGwt ;bgnfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g] u/L To:tf] JolQmn]
Ifdfofrgf u/]df ;bgn] Ifdf k|bfg ug{ jf tf]ls;s]sf] ;hfonfO{
dfkmL ug{ jf 36fpg ;Sg]5 .
-(_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo
!)$= sfo{ ;~rfng ljlw M -!_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] k|To]s ;bgn] cfgf] sfo{
;~rfng ug{, a}7ssf] ;'Joj:yf sfod /fVg / ;ldltxsf] u7g,
sfd, sf/afxL / s'g} ;bg jf ;ldltsf] sfo{ljlw lgoldt ug{
lgodfjnL agfpg]5 . To;/L lgodfjnL gag];Dd ;+3Lo ;+;bn]
cfgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm+} lgoldt ug]{5 .
-@_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;+o'Qm a}7ssf] sfo{ ;~rfng / ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] ;+o'Qm ;ldltsf] u7g / sfd sf/afxL ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'j}
;bgsf] ;+o'Qm a}7sn] :jLs[t u/]sf] lgodfjnL jf sfo{ljlw adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
58
@)&@.^.#
!)%= ax;df aGb]h M g]kfnsf] s'g} cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg d'2fxsf
;DaGwdf Gofo lgk0fdf k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ ljifo tyf GofofwLzn]
st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf u/]sf] Goflos sfo{sf] ;DaGwdf ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] s'g} ;bgdf 5nkmn ul/g] 5}g .
t/ dxfleof]usf] k|:tfjdf 5nkmn ubf{ GofofwLzsf]
cfr/0fsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} s'/f JoQm ug{ o; wf/fn] afwf k'ofPsf]
dflgg] 5}g .
!)^= ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] dxf;lrj / ;lrj M -!_ /fi6kltn] k|ltlglw ;efsf]
;efd'v / /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf b'j}sf] ;+o'Qm l;kmfl/;df ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] dxf;lrj, ;efd'vsf] l;kmfl/;df k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;lrj /
/fli6o ;efsf] cWoIfsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6o ;efsf] ;lrj lgo'Qm
ug{]5 .
-@_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] dxf;lrj, k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;lrj /
/fli6o ;efsf] ;lrjsf] of]Uotf, sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyf ;]jfsf
cGo zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!)&= ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;lrjfno M ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng
tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ Ps ;lrjfno /xg]5 . To:tf] ;lrjfnosf]
:yfkgf / tT;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!)*= kfl/>lds M k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v, /fli6o ;efsf]
cWoIf / pkfWoIf, ;ldltsf ;efklt tyf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf
;b:oxsf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . To:tf]
sfg"g gag];Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
59
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu(
;+3Lo Joj:yfkg sfo{
sfo{ljlw
!)(= ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] Joj:yflksLo clwsf/ M ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] Joj:yflksLo
clwsf/ cg';"rL%, cg';"rL& / cg';"rL( adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf
pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!!)= ljw]os k|:t't ug]{ ljlw M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] s'g} klg ;bgdf ljw]os k|:t't ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ cy{ ljw]os k|ltlglw ;efdf dfq k|:t't ul/g]5 .
-@_ cy{ ljw]os, g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q k|x/L
an, g]kfn nufot ;'/Iff lgsfo;Fu ;DalGwt ljw]os ;/sf/L
ljw]ossf] kdf dfq k|:t't ul/g]5 .
-#_ cy{ ljw]os eGgfn] b]xfodf plNnlvt ;a} jf s'g}
ljifo;Fu ;DaGw /fVg] ljw]osnfO{ hgfpF5 M
-s_ s/ nufpg], p7fpg], vf/]h ug]{, 5"6 lbg], kl/jt{g ug]{
jf s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ ljifo,
-v_ ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sf]ifsf]
;+/If0f ug]{, To:tf] sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{ jf To:tf]
sf]ifaf6 s'g} /sd ljlgof]hg jf vr{ ug]{ jf
ljlgof]hg jf vr{ ug{ vf]lhPsf] /sd 36fpg], a9fpg]
jf vf/]h ug]{ ljifo,
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] C0f k|fKt ug]{ jf hdfgt lbg] ljifo
Jojl:yt ug]{ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lnPsf] jf lng]
cfly{s bfloTj ;DaGwL sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ ljifo,
-3_ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sf]ifdf k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] /fh:j,
C0f c;'nLaf6 k|fKt /sd / cg'bfgsf] /sd lhDdf
/fVg], nufgL ug]{ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] n]vf jf
n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ ljifo, /
-_ v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ jf -3_ ;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw ePsf
cGo k|f;+lus ljifox .
60
@)&@.^.#
t/ s'g} cg'dltkq b:t'/, lgj]bg b:t'/, gjLs/0f b:t'/ h:tf
b:t'/, z'Ns jf dx;"n nufpg] jf s'g} hl/jfgf jf s}b x'g] Joj:yf
ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq s'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os dflgg] 5}g .
-$_ s'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os xf] xf]Og eGg] k|Zg p7]df
;efd'vsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .
!!!= ljw]os kfl/t ug]{ ljlw M -!_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] Pp6f ;bgn] kfl/t
u/]sf] ljw]os oyfzL3| csf]{ ;bgdf k7fOg]5 / ;f] ;bgn] kfl/t
u/]kl5 k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ul/g]5 .
-@_ k|ltlglw ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] cy{ ljw]os /fli6o ;efdf
k7fOg]5 . /fli6o ;efn] ;f] ljw]osdf 5nkmn u/L ljw]os k|fKt
u/]sf] kGw| lbgleq s'g} ;'emfj eP ;'emfj ;lxt k|ltlglw ;efdf
lkmtf{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd ;'emfj ;lxt lkmtf{ cfPsf]
ljw]osdf k|ltlglw ;efn] 5nkmn u/L plrt b]v]sf] ;'emfj ;dfj]z
u/L k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd cy{ ljw]os k|fKt u/]sf] kGw|
lbg;Dddf /fli6o ;efn] ;f] ljw]os lkmtf{ gu/]df k|ltlglw ;efn]
k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ k|ltlglw ;efn] kfl/t u/L /fli6o ;efdf k7fPsf] cy{
ljw]os afx]s cGo ljw]os /fli6o ;efn] cfkm" ;dIf k|fKt ePsf]
b'O{ dxLgfleq kfl/t u/L jf ;'emfj ;lxt lkmtf{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
To:tf] ;dofjlwleq /fli6o ;efn] ;f] ljw]os lkmtf{ gu/]df k|ltlglw
;efn] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dt ;b:oxsf]
lg0f{oaf6 ;f] ljw]os k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug{
;Sg]5 .
-^_ cy{ ljw]os afx]s s'g} ;bgn] kfl/t u/]sf] cGo ljw]os
csf]{ ;bgn] c:jLs[t u/]df jf ;+zf]wg ;lxt kfl/t u/]df ;f]
ljw]os pTklQ ePsf] ;bgdf lkmtf{ k7fpg' kg{]5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd /fli6o ;efaf6 c:jLs[t eO{ jf
;+zf]wg ;lxt k|ltlglw ;efdf lkmtf{ cfPsf] ljw]os pk/ ljrf/ u/L
k|ltlglw ;efsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dt
;b:oxn] k|:t't kdf jf ;+zf]wg ;lxt k'gM kfl/t u/]df ;f]
ljw]os k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ul/g]5 .
61
@)&@.^.#
-*_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd k|ltlglw ;efaf6 ;+zf]wg ;lxt
/fli6o ;efdf lkmtf{ cfPsf] ljw]os /fli6o ;efn] klg tTsfn
sfod /x]sf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dt ;b:on] To:tf] ;+zf]wg ;lxt
k'gM kfl/t u/]df k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ul/g]5 .
-(_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljw]os b'j} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm a}7sdf
k|:t't ul/g]5 / ;+o'Qm a}7sn] ljw]osnfO{ k|:t't kdf jf
;+zf]wg;lxt kfl/t u/]df ljw]os pTklQ ePsf] ;bgn]
k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5 M
-s_ /fli6o ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] t/ k|ltlglw ;efn]
c:jLsf/ u/]sf], jf
-v_ k|ltlglw ;efn] ;+zf]wg ;lxt /fli6o ;efdf
lkmtf{ k7fPsf] t/ /fli6o ;ef To:tf] ;+zf]wgdf
;xdt x'g g;s]sf] .
-!)_ s'g} ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;bgsf]
clwj]zgsf] cGTo eP klg To:tf] ljw]osdfly cfufdL clwj]zgdf
sf/afxL x'g ;Sg]5 .
t/ s'g} ljw]os k|ltlglw ;efdf k|:t't eO{ ljrf/fwLg /x]sf]
jf k|ltlglw ;efdf kfl/t eO{ /fli6o ;efdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf]
cj:yfdf k|ltlglw ;ef lj36g ePdf jf To;sf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt
ePdf To:tf] ljw]os lgliqmo x'g]5 .
!!@= ljw]os lkmtf{ lng] M ljw]os k|:t'tstf{n] ;bgsf] :jLs[lt lnO{
ljw]os lkmtf{ lng ;Sg]5 .
!!#= ljw]osdf k|df0fLs/0f M -!_ wf/f !!! adf]lhd k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu
/fi6klt ;dIf k]z ul/g] ljw]os pTklQ ePsf] ;bgsf] ;efd'v jf
cWoIfn]] k|dfl0ft u/L k]z ug'{ kg{]5 .
t/ cy{ ljw]ossf xsdf cy{ ljw]os xf] egL ;efd'vn]
k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ o; wf/f adf]lhd k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z
ePsf] ljw]os kGw| lbgleq k|df0fLs/0f u/L To;sf] ;"rgf
oyf;Dej rfF8f] b'j} ;bgnfO{ lbg' kg{]5 .
-#_ k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu k]z ePsf] cy{ ljw]os afx]s cGo
ljw]osdf k'glj{rf/ x'g' cfjZos 5 eGg] /fi6kltnfO{ nfu]df To:tf]
62
@)&@.^.#
ljw]os k]z ePsf] kGw| lbgleq lghn] ;Gb]z ;lxt ljw]os pTklQ
ePsf] ;bgdf lkmtf{ k7fpg]5 .
-$_ /fi6kltn] s'g} ljw]os ;Gb]z ;lxt lkmtf{ u/]df To:tf]
ljw]osdfly b'j} ;bgn] k'glj{rf/ u/L To:tf]] ljw]os k|:t't kdf
jf ;+zf]wg ;lxt kfl/t u/L k'gM k]z u/]df To;/L k]z ePsf] kGw|
lbgleq /fi6kltn] k|df0fLs/0f ug{]5 .
-%_ /fi6kltaf6 k|df0fLs/0f ePkl5 ljw]os P]g aGg]5 .
!!$= cWofb]z M -!_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'j} ;bgsf] clwj]zg rln/x]sf]
cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf tTsfn s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]df
dlGqkl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltn] cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] cWofb]z P]g ;/x dfGo
x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] k|To]s cWofb]z,
-s_ hf/L ePkl5 a;]sf] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] b'j} ;bgdf k]z
ul/g]5 / b'j} ;bgn] :jLsf/ gu/]df :jtM lgliqmo
x'g]5,
-v_ /fi6kltaf6 h'g;'s} avt vf/]h x'g ;Sg]5, /
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ adf]lhd lgliqmo jf vf/]h gePdf
b'j} ;bgsf] a}7s a;]sf] ;f7L lbg kl5 :jtM lgliqmo
x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkwf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu b'j} ;bgsf] a}7s
a;]sf] lbg eGgfn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf b'j} ;bgsf] clwj]zg k|f/De
ePsf] jf a}7s a;]sf] lbg ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;+3Lo ;+;bsf
;bgxsf] a}7s cl3kl5 u/L a;]sf] cj:yfdf h'g ;bgsf] a}7s
kl5 a;]sf] 5 ;f]xL lbgnfO{ hgfpF5 .
63
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!)
;+3Lo cfly{s sfo{k|0ffnL
!!%= s/ nufpg jf C0f lng gkfOg] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s'g}
s/ nufOg] / p7fOg] 5}g .
-@_ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} C0f
lng] / hdfgt lbg] 5}g .
!!^= ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]if M u'7L /sd afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g]
;a} k|sf/sf /fh:j, /fh:jsf] lwtf]df lnOPsf ;a} shf{, P]gsf]
clwsf/ cGtu{t lbOPsf] h'g;'s} C0f c;'n x'Fbf k|fKt ePsf] ;a}
wg / g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] cGo h'g;'s} /sd ;+3Lo P]gf/f
csf]{ s'g} Joj:yf gul/Pdf Ps ;/sf/L sf]ifdf cfDbfgL afFlwg]5
h;nfO{ ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]if elgg]5 .
!!&= ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]if jf ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 Joo M b]xfo
adf]lhdsf /sd afx]s ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} ;+3Lo
;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 s'g} /sd lemSg ;lsg] 5}g M
-s_ ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ ePsf] /sd,
-v_ ;+3Lo ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd vr{ x'g] /sd,
-u_ ljlgof]hg ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf k]ZsLsf]
kdf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd vr{ x'g] /sd, jf
-3_ ljz]if cj:yfdf Joosf] ljj/0f dfq ePsf] ;+3Lo
pwf/f] vr{ P]g adf]lhd Joo x'g] /sd .
t/ ;+3Lo cfsl:ds sf]ifsf xsdf wf/f !@$ adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!!*= ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ M b]xfosf ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt vr{
;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g]5 / To:tf] Joosf nflu ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] :jLs[lt cfjZos kg]{ 5}g M
-s_ /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwfsf]
/sd,
-v_ g]kfnsf] k|wfg GofofwLz, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLz
/ Gofokl/ifbsf ;b:onfO{ lbOg] kfl/>lds tyf
;'ljwfsf] /sd,
64
@)&@.^.#
-u_ k|ltlglw ;efsf ;efd'v / pk;efd'v, /fli6o ;efsf
cWoIf / pkfWoIfnfO{ lbOg] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwfsf]]
/sd,
-3_ ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v / kbflwsf/LnfO{ lbOg]
kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwfsf] /sd,
-_ k|b]z k|d'vsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwfsf] /sd,
-r_ /fi6klt jf pk/fi6kltsf] sfof{no, ;jf]{Rr cbfnt,
Gofokl/ifb, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / k|b]z k|d'vsf]
sfof{nosf] k|zf;lgs Joo,
-5_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] bfloTjsf] C0f ;DaGwL Jooef/,
-h_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lj?4 cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf jf
cfb]z cg';f/ ltg'{ kg]{ /sd, /
-em_ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/
x'g] /sd .
!!(= /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cy{dGqLn] k|To]s
cfly{s jif{sf] ;DaGwdf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf b'j} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm a}7sdf
b]xfosf ljifox ;d]t v'nfO{ jflif{s cg'dfg k]z ug'{ kg]{]5 M
-s_ /fh:jsf] cg'dfg,
-v_ ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g] cfjZos
/sdx, /
-u_ ;+3Lo ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd Joo x'g] cfjZos
/sdx .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s cg'dfg k]z ubf{ cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{df k|To]s dGqfnonfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] vr{sf] /sd / To:tf]
vr{ cg';f/sf] nIo xfl;n eof] jf ePg To;sf] ljj/0f klg ;fy}
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cy{dGqLn] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] /fh:j
/ Joosf] cg'dfg k|To]s jif{ h]7 dxLgfsf] kGw| ut] ;+3Lo ;+;bdf
k]z ug]{5 .
65
@)&@.^.#
!@)= ljlgof]hg P]g M ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd Joo x'g] /sd ;DalGwt
zLif{sdf pNn]v u/L ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf /flvg]5 .
!@!= k"/s cg'dfg M -!_ s'g} cfly{s jif{df b]xfosf] cj:yf kg{ cfPdf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cy{dGqLn] k|ltlglw ;efdf k"/s cg'dfg k]z ug{
;Sg]5 M
-s_ rfn" cfly{s jif{sf nflu ljlgof]hg P]gn] s'g} ;]jfsf
nflu vr{ ug{ clVtof/L lbPsf] /sd ckof{Kt ePdf
jf To; jif{sf nflu ljlgof]hg P]gn] clVtof/L
glbPsf] gofF ;]jfdf vr{ ug{ cfjZos ePdf, jf
-v_ rfn" cfly{s jif{df ljlgof]hg P]gn] clVtof/L lbPsf]
/sdeGbf a9L vr{ x'g uPdf .
-@_ k"/s cg'dfgdf /flvPsf] /sd ;DalGwt zLif{sdf pNn]v
u/L k"/s ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf /flvg]5 .
!@@= k]ZsL vr{ M -!_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
ljlgof]hg ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf cfly{s jif{sf nflu
cg'dfg ul/Psf] Joosf] s'g} c+z k]ZsLsf kdf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd
vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ wf/f !!( adf]lhd /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg k]z
gul/P;Dd k]ZsL vr{ ljw]os k|:t't ul/g] 5}g / k]ZsLsf] /sd
cfly{s jif{sf] Joo cg'dfgsf] Ps ltxfO eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-#_ ;+3Lo k]ZsL vr{ P]g adf]]lhd vr{ ePsf] /sd
ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .
!@#= pwf/f] vr{ M o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
k|fs[lts sf/0f jf afx\o cfqmd0fsf] cfz+sf jf cfGtl/s ljg jf
cGo sf/0fn] ;+s6sf] cj:yf k/L wf/f !!( sf] pkwf/f -!_ cGtu{t
rflxg] ljj/0f v'nfpg cJofjxfl/s jf /fHosf] ;'/Iff jf lxtsf
b[li6n] cjf~5gLo b]lvPdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cy{dGqLn] Joosf]
ljj/0f dfq ePsf] pwf/f] vr{ ljw]os k|ltlglw ;efdf k]z ug{
;Sg]5 .
!@$= ;+3Lo cfsl:ds sf]if M -!_ ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd cfsl:ds sf]ifsf
gfdn] Pp6f sf]if :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 / To:tf] sf]ifdf ;do
;dodf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf] /sd hDdf ul/g]5 .
66
@)&@.^.#
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]if g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgoGq0fdf
/xg]5 / g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf] sf]ifaf6 cfsl:ds sfo{sf nflu vr{
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] vr{sf] /sd ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd
oyfzLw| ;f]wegf{ ul/g]5 .
!@%= cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL P]g M ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd ljlgof]lht /sd
Ps zLif{saf6 csf]{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{] / cfly{s sfo{ljlw
;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
67
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!!
Gofokflnsf
!@^= Gofo ;DaGwL clwsf/ cbfntaf6 k|of]u x'g] M -!_ g]kfnsf] Gofo
;DaGwL clwsf/ of] ;+ljwfg, cGo sfg"g / Gofosf dfGo l;4fGt
adf]lhd cbfnt tyf Goflos lgsfoaf6 k|of]u ul/g]5 .
-@_ d'2f dfldnfsf] /f]xdf cbfntn] lbPsf] cfb]z jf lg0f{osf]
;a}n] kfng ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@&= cbfntx M -!_ g]kfndf b]xfo adf]lhdsf cbfntx /xg]5g\ M
-s_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt,
-v_ pRr cbfnt, /
-u_ lhNnf cbfnt .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s sfg"g adf]lhd d'2f x]g{
:yfgLo :t/df Goflos lgsfo jf ljjfb ;dfwfgsf j}slNks pkfo
cjnDag ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo lgsfo u7g ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!@*= ;jf]{Rr cbfnt M -!_ g]kfndf Ps ;jf]{Rr cbfnt x'g]5 .
-@_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt clen]v cbfnt x'g]5 . o; ;+ljwfgdf
cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s ;a} cbfnt / Goflos lgsfox
;jf]{Rr cbfnt dftxt /xg]5g\ . ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] JofVof ug{]
clGtd clwsf/ ;jf{]Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
-#_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cfgf] / cfgf] clwsf/ If]qleq kg]{
cbfnt, ljlzi6Ls[t cbfnt jf cGo Goflos lgsfoxsf] Gofo
k|zf;g jf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ljifodf lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f u/L
cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ d'2f dfldnfsf /f]xdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] ;+ljwfg /
sfg"gsf] JofVof jf k|ltkfbg u/]sf] sfg"gL l;4fGt ;a}n] kfng ug{'
kg]{5 . ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] cfgf] jf dftxtsf] cbfntsf]
Gofo;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df s;}n] cj/f]w u/]df jf cfb]z jf k}m;nfsf]
cj1f u/]df sfg"g adf]lhd cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL rnfO{ ;hfo ug{{
;Sg]5 .
68
@)&@.^.#
!@(= g]kfnsf] k|wfg GofofwLz tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzsf]
lgo'lQm / of]Uotf M -!_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntdf g]kfnsf] k|wfg
GofofwLzsf cltl/Qm a9Ldf aL; hgf GofofwLz /xg]5g\ .
-@_ ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzsf] /
Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf cGo GofofwLzsf]
lgo'lQm /fi6kltaf6 x'g]5 .
-#_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz kbdf sDtLdf tLg jif{ sfd
u/]sf] JolQm k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQm x'g of]Uo x'g]5 .
-$_ k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kbfjlw 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-%_ sfg"gdf :gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo
GofofwLz jf GofofwLzsf] kbdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{ sfd u/]sf] jf
sfg"gdf :gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L jl/i7 clwjQmf jf clwjQmfsf]
x}l;otdf sDtLdf kGw| jif{ lg/Gt/ jsfnt u/]sf] jf sDtLdf kGw|
jif{;Dd Gofo jf sfg"gsf] If]qdf lg/Gt/ sfd u/L ljlzi6
sfg"gljbsf] kdf Voflt k|fKt u/]sf] jf Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst
k|yd >]0fL jf ;f]eGbf dflyNnf] kbdf sDtLdf afx| jif{ sfd u/]sf]
g]kfnL gful/s ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu
of]Uo dflgg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M of] ;+ljwfg nfu" x'g'eGbf klxn] k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf
d'Vo GofofwLz jf GofofwLz eO{ sfd u/]sf] cjlwnfO{ of] pkwf/fsf]
k|of]hgsf nflu pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz jf GofofwLzsf]
x}l;otdf sfd u/]sf] cjlw dflgg]5 .
-^_ k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm ePdf jf s'g} sf/0fn] k|wfg
GofofwLz cfgf] kbsf] sfd ug{ c;dy{ ePdf jf labf a;]sf] jf
g]kfnaflx/ uPsf] sf/0fn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf
pkl:yt gx'g] cj:yf ePdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] jl/i7td GofofwLzn]
sfodd'sfod k|wfg GofofwLz eO{ sfd ug]{]5 .
!#)= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] ;]jfsf zt{ tyf ;'ljwf M -!_
k|wfg GofofwLz tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzn] sDtLdf kfFr
69
@)&@.^.#
jif{ sfd u/L /fhLgfdf lbPdf jf clgjfo{ cjsfz k|fKt u/]df jf
lghsf] d[To' ePdf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd lgj[lQe/0f kfpg]5 .
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s k|wfg
GofofwLz tyf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf
cGo zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
dxfleof]uf/f kbd'Qm ePsf] jf g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L s;"/df
cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfPsf] k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]
GofofwLzn] pkbfg jf lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] 5}g .
-$_ k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ dsf{
kg]{ u/L lghsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
t/ r/d cfly{s lj>[+vntfsf]] sf/0fn] ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf]
3f]if0ff ePsf] cj:yfdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
!#!= k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm
x'g] M b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]
GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-v_ lghsf] pd]/ k}+;L jif{ k"/f ePdf,
-u_ lghsf] lj?4 wf/f !)! adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj
kfl/t ePdf,
-3_ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0f ;]jfdf /xL
sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{ /x]sf] egL k|wfg
GofofwLzsf] xsdf ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb / ;jf{]Rr
cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] xsdf Gofo kl/ifbsf]
l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltn] kbd'Qm u/]df,
-_ lghn] g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L s;"/df cbfntaf6
;hfo kfPdf,
!#@= k|wfg GofofwLz tyf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ cGo s'g}
sfddf nufpg gx'g] M -!_ k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]
70
@)&@.^.#
GofofwLznfO{ GofofwLzsf] kbdf afx]s cGo s'g} kbdf sfddf
nufOg] jf sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Gofo kl/ifb;Fu k/fdz{ u/L ;jf{]Rr
cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ Goflos hfFra'emsf] sfddf jf s]xL vf;
cjlwsf nflu sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL cg';Gwfg jf cGj]if0fsf] s'g}
sfddf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz
eO;s]sf] JolQm o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s s'g}
klg ;/sf/L kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
!##= ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]q M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgf/f k|bQ df}lns
xs pk/ cg'lrt aGb]h nufOPsf]] jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] s'g} sfg"g
of] ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemPsf] x'Fbf To:tf] sfg"g jf To;sf] s'g} efu jf
k|b]z ;efn] agfPsf] s'g} sfg"g ;+3Lo ;+;bn] agfPsf] s'g}
sfg"g;Fu aflemPsf] jf gu/ ;ef jf ufpF ;efn] agfPsf] s'g} sfg"g
;+3Lo ;+;b jf k|b]z ;efn] agfPsf] s'g} sfg"g;Fu aflemPsf] xF'bf
To:tf] sfg"g jf To;sf] s'g} efu ab/ 3f]lift u/L kfpFm egL s'g}
klg g]kfnL gful/sn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f]
cg';f/ s'g} sfg"g aflemPsf] b]lvPdf ;f] sfg"gnfO{ k|f/Deb]lv g} jf
lg0f{o ePsf] ldltb]lv cdfGo / ab/ 3f]lift ug]{ c;fwf/0f clwsf/
;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgf/f k|bQ df}lns xssf] k|rngsf nflu jf
csf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] jf csf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf eP klg
To:tf] pkrf/ ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLg b]lvPsf] cGo s'g} sfg"gL xssf]
k|rngsf nflu jf ;fj{hlgs xs jf ;/f]sf/sf] s'g} ljjfbdf
;dfj]z ePsf] s'g} ;+j}wflgs jf sfg"gL k|Zgsf] lgk0fsf nflu
cfjZos / pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{], plrt pkrf/ k|bfg ug{], To:tf]
xssf] k|rng u/fpg] jf ljjfb 6'+uf] nufpg] c;fwf/0f clwsf/
;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]q cGtu{t
;jf]{Rr cbfntn] aGbL k|ToIfLs/0f, k/dfb]z, pTk|]if0f, k|ltif]w,
clwsf/k[R5f nufot cGo pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ clwsf/ If]qsf] cefj ePsf]df afx]s ;+3Lo ;+;b jf
k|b]z ;efsf] cfGtl/s sfd sf/afxL / ;+3Lo ;+;b jf k|b]z ;efn]
71
@)&@.^.#
rnfPsf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf] sf/afxL / tT;DaGwdf tf]s]sf] ;hfodf
o; pkwf/f cGtu{t ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] x:tIf]k ug]{ 5}g .
-$_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ ;+3Lo
sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd d'2fsf] z'? sf/afxL / lsgf/f ug{],
k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg], ;fws hfFRg], d'2f bf]xf]ofpg], lgj]bg ;'Gg] jf cfgf]
km};nf jf clGtd cfb]zsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 . To;/L
k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ klxnf km};nf ug{] GofofwLz afx]s cGo
GofofwLzn] ug{] 5g\ .
-%_ pRr cbfntn] z' sf/afxL / lsgf/f u/]sf] d'2fsf]
k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg] / ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] JofVof ;DaGwL k|Zg ;dfj]z
ePsf] ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf] ljifo jf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 lg0f{o x'g'
pko'Qm 5 egL pRr cbfntn] cfgf] /fo ;lxt l;kmfl/; u/]sf]
d'2fsf] lgk0f ug]{ clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
-^_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] cGo clwsf/ / sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!#$= d'2f ;fg{ ;Sg] M -!_ ;f/e"t kdf ;dfg k|Zg ;dfj]z ePsf] d'2f
;jf]{Rr cbfnt / pRr cbfntxdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf
To:tf] k|Zg ;fj{hlgs dxTjsf] xf] eGg] ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ nfu]df
jf dxfGofoflwjQmf jf d'2fsf kIfsf] lgj]bgaf6 b]lvPdf To:tf d'2f
lemsfO{ ;fy} /fvL k}m;nf ug]{ clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} pRr cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf] d'2fdf ;'g'jfO{ x'Fbf
Goflos lgikIftfdf k|Zg p7\g] ljz]if kl/l:ylt b]lvPdf sf/0f /
cfwf/ v'nfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd Ps pRr cbfntaf6 csf]{ pRr
cbfntdf To:tf] d'2f ;f/L ;'g'jfO{ ug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cfb]z lbg
;Sg]5 .
!#% ax; k}/jL ug{ gkfpg] M k|wfg GofofwLz / ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]
GofofwLzn] ;]jflgj[Q ePkl5 s'g} klg cf cbfntdf ax; k}/jL,
d]nldnfk jf dWo:ytf ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
!#^= k|wfg GofofwLzsf] lhDd]jf/L M ;jf]{Rr cbfnt / dftxtsf cbfnt,
ljlzi6Ls[t cbfnt jf cGo Goflos lgsfoxsf] Gofo k|zf;gnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg] clGtd lhDd]jf/L k|wfg GofofwLzsf] x'g]5 .
!#&= ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;sf] u7g M -!_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntdf Ps ;+j}wflgs
Ohnf; /xg]5 . To:tf] Ohnf;df k|wfg GofofwLz / Gofo kl/ifbsf]
72
@)&@.^.#
l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn] tf]s]sf cGo rf/ hgf GofofwLz /xg]
5g\ .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Ohnf;n] wf/f !## sf] pkwf/f
-!_ adf]lhd k/]sf lgj]bgsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf d'2fsf] z' sf/afxL
/ lsgf/f ug{]5 M
-s_ ;+3 / k|b]z, k|b]z / k|b]z, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx tyf
:yfgLo txx aLrsf] clwsf/ If]qsf] af/]df ePsf]
ljjfb ;DaGwL,
-v_ ;+3Lo ;+;b jf k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL
ljjfb / ;+3Lo ;+;bsf ;b:o jf k|b]z ;efsf
;b:osf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL .
-#_ wf/f !## df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;jf{]Rr
cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg s'g} d'2fdf uDeL/ ;+j}wflgs JofVofsf] k|Zg
;dfj]z ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf] d'2f pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf]
Ohnf;af6 x]g{] u/L k|wfg GofofwLzn] tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;sf] ;~rfng ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf
;jf{]Rr cbfntn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!#*= jflif{s k|ltj]bg M -!_ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, Gofo kl/ifb / Gofo ;]jf
cfof]un] k|To]s jif{ cfgf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5
/ /fi6kltn] To:tf] k|ltj]bg k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t ;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf
k]z ug{]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k|:t't ePsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg dfly
5nkmn x'Fbf ;+3Lo ;+;bn] s'g} ;'emfj lbg cfjZos b]v]df g]kfn
;/sf/, sfg"g tyf Gofo dGqfno dfk{mt ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ lbg
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg ;DaGwL cGo
Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!#(= pRr cbfnt M -!_ k|To]s k|b]zdf Ps pRr cbfnt /xg]5 .
-@_ pRr cbfntn] cfgf] / cfgf dftxtsf cbfnt jf
Goflos lgsfoxaf6 x'g] Gofo ;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df s;}n] cj/f]w
u/]df jf cfb]z jf k}m;nfsf] cj1f u/]df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL rnfO{ ;hfo ug{{ ;Sg]5 .
73
@)&@.^.#
-#_ k|To]s pRr cbfntdf d'Vo GofofwLzsf cltl/Qm ;+3Lo
sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhdsf] ;+Vofdf GofofwLzx /xg]5g\ .
!$)= pRr cbfntsf d'Vo GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm /
of]Uotf M -!_ k|wfg GofofwLzn] Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df pRr
cbfntsf d'Vo GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .
-@_ sfg"gdf :gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L lhNnf GofofwLzsf]
kbdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{ sfd u/]sf] jf sfg"gdf :gfts pkflw k|fKt
u/L jl/i7 clwjQmf jf clwjQmfsf] kdf sDtLdf bz jif{ lg/Gt/
jsfnt u/]sf] jf sDtLdf bz jif{ sfg"gsf] cWofkg, cGj]if0f jf
sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL cGo s'g} If]qdf lg/Gt/ sfd u/]sf] jf Gofo
;]jfsf] sDtLdf /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] kbdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{
sfd u/]sf] g]kfnL gful/s pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz tyf
GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo dflgg]5 .
-#_ pRr cbfntsf d'Vo GofofwLz / GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm
ubf{ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd of]Uotf k''u]sf JolQmxdWo]af6 lhNnf
GofofwLzsf] xsdf lghn] jflif{s kdf km};nf u/]sf] d'2fsf] cg'kft
/ dflyNnf] cbfntdf clGtd lg0f{o x'Fbf d'2f ;b/, ab/ jf pN6L
ePsf]] d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df, Gofo ;]jfsf] sDtLdf /fhkqf+lst k|yd
>]0fLsf] kbdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{ sfd u/]sf] JolQmsf] xsdf Ho]i7tf,
of]Uotf / sfo{;Dkfbgsf]] :t/sf] d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df / cGosf]
xsdf jl/i7tf, Jofj;flos lg/Gt/tf, Odfgbf/L, k]zfut cfr/0f /
Gofo / sfg"gsf] If]qdf u/]sf] of]ubfgsf] d"Nof+sg u/L lgo'lQm
ul/g]5 .
-$_ d'Vo GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm ePdf jf c? s'g} sf/0fn]
d'Vo GofofwLz cfgf] kbsf] sfd ug{ c;dy{ ePsf] jf labf a;]sf]
jf k|b]z aflx/ uPsf] sf/0fn] d'Vo GofofwLz pRr cbfntdf
pkl:yt x'g ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]df pRr cbfntsf] jl/i7td
GofofwLzn] sfodd'sfod d'Vo GofofwLz eO{ sfd ug]{]5 .
!$!= d'Vo GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] ;]jfsf zt{ tyf ;'ljwf M -!_ o;
;+ljwfgdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo
GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf] cGo zt{ ;+3Lo
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Gofo
kl/ifbaf6 sf/afxL eO{ kbd'Qm ePsf] jf g}lts ktg b]lvg]
74
@)&@.^.#
kmf}hbf/L s;"/df cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfO{ kbd'Qm ePsf] pRr
cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz tyf GofofwLzn] pkbfg jf lgjl[Qe/0f
kfpg] 5}g .
t/ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0f ;]jfdf /xL sfo{
;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{ /x]sf] egL Gofo kl/ifbn] kbd'Qm u/]sf]
cj:yfdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz jf GofofwLznfO{ dsf{
kg]{ u/L lghsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
t/ r/d cfly{s lj>+[Vfntfsf sf/0f ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff ePsf]
!$@= d'Vo GofofwLz jf GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm x'g] M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g}
cj:yfdf pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz jf GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf
lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] pd]/ lq;L jif{ k"/f ePdf,
-u_ lghsf] sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj, v/fa cfr/0f,
Odfgbf/L k"j{s cfgf] st{Josf] kfng gu/]sf],
ablgotk"j{s sfdsf/afxL u/]sf] jf lghn] kfng
ug{' kg{] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] uDeL/ pNn+3g u/]sf]
cfwf/df Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg
GofofwLzn] kbd'Qm u/]df,
-3_ lgh zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0f
;]jfdf /xL sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{ /x]sf] egL
Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn]
kbd'Qm u/]df,
-_ lghn] g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L s;"/df
cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfPdf,
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd kbd'Qm ug'{ cl3 cf/f]k
nfu]sf] GofofwLznfO{ cfkmgf] ;kmfO k]z ug{ dgfl;a df}sf lbg'
75
@)&@.^.#
kg]{5 . To;/L sf/afxL k|f/De ePsf] GofofwLzn] sf/afxLsf] 6'+uf]
gnfu];Dd cfgf] kbsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-#_ kbd'Qm ePsf] d'Vo GofofwLz jf GofofwLzn] kbdf /xFbf
u/]sf] s;"/df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ afwf kg{] 5}g .
!$#= d'Vo GofofwLz tyf GofofwLznfO{ cGo s'g} sfddf nufpg gx'g] /
;?jf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz jf
GofofwLznfO{ GofofwLzsf] kbdf afx]s cGo s'g} kbdf sfddf
nufOg] jf sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Gofo kl/ifb;Fu k/fdz{ u/L pRr
cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ Goflos hfFra'emsf] sfddf jf s]xL vf;
cjlwsf nflu sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL cg';Gwfg, cGj]if0f jf /fli6o
;/f]sf/sf] s'g} sfddf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn] pRr
cbfntsf GofofwLznfO{ Ps pRr cbfntsf] GofofwLzaf6 csf]{
pRr cbfntsf] GofofwLzdf ;?jf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!$$= pRr cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]q M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgf/f k|bQ df}lns
xssf] k|rngsf nflu jf csf]{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf gePsf] jf csf]{
pkrf/sf] Joj:yf eP klg ;f] pkrf/ ckof{Kt jf k|efjxLg
b]lvPsf] cGo s'g} sfg"gL xssf] k|rngsf nflu jf ;fj{hlgs xs
jf ;/f]sf/sf] s'g} ljjfbdf ;dfj]z ePsf] s'g} sfg"gL k|Zgsf]
lgk0fsf nflu cfjZos / pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug]{ clwsf/ pRr
cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu pRr cbfntn]
aGbLk|ToIfLs/0f, k/dfb]z, pTk|]if0f, k|ltif]w, clwsf/k[R5f nufot
h'g;'s} pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ clwsf/ If]qsf] cefj ePsf]df afx]s ;+3Lo ;+;b jf
k|b]z ;efsf] cfGtl/s sfd sf/afxL / ;+3Lo ;+;b jf k|b]z ;efn]
rnfPsf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf] sf/afxL / tT;DaGwdf tf]s]sf] ;hfodf
o; pkwf/f adf]lhd pRr cbfntn] x:tIf]k ug]{ 5}g .
-#_ pRr cbfntnfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd z' d'2f x]g]{,
k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg] / ;fws hfFRg] clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-$_ pRr cbfntsf] cGo clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"g
76
@)&@.^.#
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!$%= d'2f ;fg{ ;Sg] M -!_ pRr cbfntn] cfgf] If]qflwsf/leqsf dftxt
cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf d'2fdf k|b]z sfg"g ;DaGwL k|Zg
;dfj]z 5 / pQm d'2fsf] lg0f{o ug{ ;f] k|Zgsf] lg/fs/0f x'g'
clgjfo{ 5 eGg] nfu]df To:tf d'2fx dftxt cbfntaf6 lemsfO{
d'2fsf] k"/} lg0f{o ug{ jf To:tf] k|Zgdf dfq lg0f{o u/]/ d'2f z'
cbfntdf lkmtf{ k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ s'g} lhNnf cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf] d'2fdf ;'g'jfO{ x'Fbf
Goflos lgikIftfdf k|Zg p7\g] ljz]if kl/l:ylt b]lvPdf sf/0f /
cfwf/ v'nfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd cfgf] dftxtsf Ps lhNnfaf6
csf]{ lhNnf cbfntdf To:tf] d'2f ;f/L ;'g'jfO{ ug{ pRr cbfntn]
cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
!$^= ax; k}/jL ug{ kfpg] M pRr cbfntsf] GofofwLz eO{ ;]jflgj[Q
ePsf] JolQmn] cfk"mn] GofofwLzsf] x}l;otdf ;]jf u/]sf pRr
cbfnt / dftxtsf cbfnt afx]s cGo pRr cbfnt / ;jf]{Rr
cbfntdf pkl:yt eO{ ax; k}/jL ug{ kfpg]5 .
!$&= d'Vo GofofwLzsf] lhDd]jf/L M pRr cbfnt / To;sf] dftxtsf]
cbfnt jf cGo Goflos lgsfosf] Gofo k|zf;gnfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg] lhDd]jf/L d'Vo GofofwLzsf] x'g]5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu d'Vo
GofofwLzn] o; ;+ljwfg tyf ;+3Lo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL
dftxtsf cbfnt tyf Goflos lgsfonfO{ cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg
;Sg]5 .
!$*= lhNnf cbfnt M -!_ k|To]s lhNnfdf Ps lhNnf cbfnt x'g]5 .
-@_ k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt :yfgLo :t/sf Goflos
lgsfo lhNnf cbfntsf] dftxtdf /xg]5g\ . lhNnf cbfntn] cfgf]
dftxtsf Goflos lgsfoxsf] lg/LIf0f Pj+ ;'kl/j]If0f ug{ /
cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
!$(= lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm, of]Uotf tyf kfl/>lds /
;]jfsf cGo zt{ M -!_ lhNnf cbfntsf GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm Gofo
kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzaf6 x'g]5 .
-@_ lhNnf cbfntdf l/Qm GofofwLzsf] kb b]xfo adf]lhd
k"lt{ ul/g]5 M
77
@)&@.^.#
-s_ l/Qm kbdWo] aL; k|ltzt kbdf sfg"gdf :gfts
pkflw k|fKt u/L Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst ltLo
>]0fLsf] kbdf sDtLdf tLg jif{ sfd u/]sf
clws[txdWo]af6 Ho]i7tf, of]Uotf /
sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df,
-v_ l/Qm kbdWo] rfnL; k|ltzt kbdf sfg"gdf
:gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst
ltLo >]0fLsf] kbdf sDtLdf tLg jif{ sfd u/]sf
clws[txdWo]af6 v'nf k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffsf]
cfwf/df,
-u_ l/Qm kbdWo] afFsL rfnL; k|ltzt kbdf sfg"gdf
:gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L clwjQmfsf] kdf
lg/Gt/ sDtLdf cf7 jif{ jsfnt u/]sf, sfg"gdf
:gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst
kbdf sDtLdf cf7 jif{ sfd u/]sf jf sfg"gsf]
cWofkg, cGj]if0f jf sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL cGo
s'g} If]qdf lg/Gt/ sDtLdf cf7 jif{ sfd u/]sf
g]kfnL gful/sdWo]af6 v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfTds
k/LIffsf] cfwf/df .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf ePsf
JolQmxdWo]af6 ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd Gofo ;]jf cfof]un] lnlvt /
df}lvs k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIff lnO{ of]Uotfqmd adf]lhd lhNnf
GofofwLzdf lgo'lQmsf nflu Gofo kl/ifbnfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{]5 .
-$_ lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo
zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLznfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L lghsf]
kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf cGo zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5|}g .
-^_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf lhNnf cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kb
l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|wfg GofofwLz ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf
lbPdf,
78
@)&@.^.#
-v_ lghsf] pd]/ lq;L jif{ k"/f ePdf,
-u_ lghsf] sfo{Ifdtfsf] cefj, v/fa cfr/0f,
Odfgbf/Lk"j{s cfgf] st{Josf] kfng gu/]sf],
ablgotk"j{s sfdsf/afxL u/]sf] jf lghn] kfng
ug{' kg{] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] uDeL/ pNn+3g u/]sf]
cfwf/df Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg
GofofwLzn] kbd'Qm u/]df,
-3_ lgh zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0f
;]jfdf /xL sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{ /x]sf] egL
Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn]
kbd'Qm u/]df,
-_ lghn] g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L s;"/df
cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfPdf,
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd kbd'Qm ug'{ cl3 cf/f]k
nfu]sf] lhNnf GofofwLznfO{ cfgf] ;kmfO k]z ug{ dgfl;a df}sf
lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L sf/afxL k|f/De ePsf] lhNnf GofofwLzn]
sf/afxLsf] 6'+uf] gnfu];Dd cfgf] kbsf] sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ kfpg]
5}g .
-*_ kbd'Qm ePsf] lhNnf GofofwLzn] kbdf /xFbf u/]sf]
s;"/df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ afwf kg{] 5}g .
!%)= lhNnf GofofwLznfO{ cGo s'g} sfddf nufpg gx'g] / ;?jf ;DaGwL
Joj:yf M -!_ lhNnf GofofwLznfO{ GofofwLzsf] kbdf afx]s cGo
s'g} kbdf sfddf nufOg] jf sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Gofo kl/ifb;Fu k/fdz{ u/L lhNnf
GofofwLznfO{ Goflos hfFra'emsf] sfddf jf s]xL vf; cjlwsf
nflu sfg"g jf Gofo ;DaGwL cg';Gwfg jf cGj]if0f tyf lgjf{rg
;DaGwL sfddf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ Gofo kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn] lhNnf
GofofwLznfO{ Ps lhNnf cbfntaf6 csf]{ lhNnf cbfntdf ;?jf
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!%!= lhNnf cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]q M -!_ lhNnf cbfntnfO{ ;+3Lo
79
@)&@.^.#
sfg"gdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s cfgf] clwsf/If]qleqsf
;Dk"0f{ d'2fsf] z' sf/afxL / lsgf/f ug]{, aGbL k|ToIfLs/0f
lgif]wf1f nufot sfg"g adf]lhdsf lgj]bg x]g]{, cw{Goflos lgsfon]
u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ sfg"g adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg], k|b]z sfg"g
adf]lhd ul7t :yfgLo:t/sf Goflos lgsfon] u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/
k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg] tyf cfk"m / cfgf] dftxtsf cbfntxsf] Gofo
;Dkfbgsf] sfo{df s;}n] cj/f]w u/]df jf cfb]z jf k}m;nfsf] cj1f
u/]df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd cjx]ngfdf sf/afxL rnfO ;hfo ug{
;Sg] clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-@_ lhNnf cbfntsf] clwsf/ If]q / sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cGo
Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!%@= ljlzi6Ls[t cbfnt M -!_ wf/f !@& df n]lvPb]lv afx]s vf; lsl;d
/ k|s[ltsf d'2fxsf] sf/afxL / lsgf/f ug{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
cGo ljlzi6Ls[t cbfnt, Goflos lgsfo jf Gofoflws/0fsf] :yfkgf
/ u7g ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ s'g} vf; d'2fsf nflu ljlzi6Ls[t cbfnt, Goflos
lgsfo jf Gofoflws/0fsf] u7g ul/g] 5}g .
-@_ Ps jif{ eGbf a9L s}b ;hfo x'g] kmf}hbf/L s;"/ ;DaGwL
d'2f cbfnt jf ljlzi6Ls[t cbfnt jf ;}lgs cbfnt jf Goflos
lgsfo afx]s cGo lgsfosf] clwsf/ If]qdf kg{] 5}g .
!%#= Gofo kl/ifb M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQm, ;?jf,
cg'zf;g ;DaGwL sf/afxL, avf{;L / Gofo k|zf;g ;DaGwL cGo
ljifosf] l;kmfl/; ug{ jf k/fdz{ lbg Pp6f Gofo kl/ifb /xg]5,
h;df b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox /xg]5g\ M
-s_ k|wfg GofofwLz
cWoIf
-v_ ;+3Lo sfg"g tyf Gofo dGqL
;b:o
-u_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf jl/i7td GofofwLz Ps hgf
;b:o
-3_ /fi6kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'Qm u/]sf]
80
@)&@.^.#
Ps hgf sfg"gljb\
;b:o
-_ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;Pzgsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltf/f
lgo'Qm sDtLdf aL; jif{sf] cg'ej k|fKt jl/i7
clwjQmf jf clwjQmf
;b:o
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -3_ / -_ adf]lhdsf] ;b:osf]
kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 / lghsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf ;jf]{Rr
cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] ;/x x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -3_ / -_ adf]lhdsf] ;b:o ;jf]{Rr
cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x ;dfg cfwf/df / ;dfg t/Lsfn] kbd'Qm
x'g]5 .
-$_ Gofo kl/ifbsf] cWoIf tyf ;b:on] s'g} GofofwLzsf]
;DaGwdf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/L;Fu ;Da4 d'2fsf] cWoog u/L Gofo
kl/ifbdf To;sf] k|ltj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ s'g} GofofwLzsf] ljifodf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf
k|f/lDes 5fgaLg u/fpFbf ljz]if1af6 lj:t[t 5fgaLg ug'{kg{]
b]lvPdf Gofo kl/ifbn] hfFra'em ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] sf/afxLaf6 kbd'Qm
x'g ;Sg] GofofwLz afx]s cGo GofofwLzn] e|i6frf/ u/L
clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u u/]sf]df Gofokl/ifbn] cg';Gwfg u/L sfg"g
adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg ;Sg]5 .
-&_ Gofo kl/ifbn] o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]
k|wfg GofofwLz / GofofwLz, pRr cbfntsf d'Vo GofofwLz /
GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uotf k'Ug] JolQmxsf] cBfjlws
clen]v tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ Gofo kl/ifbsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!%$= Gofo ;]jf cfof]u M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] sfg"g adf]lhd ;+3Lo Gofo
;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf ubf{ jf To:tf] kbdf
81
@)&@.^.#
axfn /x]sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo ;hfo ubf{ Gofo ;]jf
cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd ug]{5 .
t/ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf axfn g/x]sf] JolQmnfO{ ;+3Lo
Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf gofF egf{f/f :yfoL lgo'lQm ubf{ jf
;+3Lo Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkq cglt kbaf6 ;f]xL ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst
kbdf a9'jf ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;
adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;+3Lo Gofo ;]jfsf]
/fhkqf+lst kbdf lgo'lQm ubf{ lnOg] v'nf / cfGtl/s
k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIff nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] lng]5 .
-@_ Gofo ;]jf cfof]udf b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox
x'g]5g\ M
-s_ k|wfg GofofwLz cWoIf
-v_ ;+3Lo sfg"g tyf Gofo dGqL ;b:o
-u_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] jl/i7td GofofwLz ;b:o
-3_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf ;b:o
-_ dxfGofoflwjQmf ;b:o
-#_ Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ /
sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!%%= ;]jfsf zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M ;+3Lo Gofo ;]jfsf
sd{rf/Lxsf] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf tyf ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!%^= k|b]z Gofo ;]jf cfof]u ;DaGwL Joj:yf M k|b]z Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf]
u7g / k|b]z Gofo ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lxsf] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf tyf
;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
82
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!@
dxfGofoflwjQmf
!%&= dxfGofoflwjQmf M -!_ g]kfndf Ps dxfGofoflwjQmf /xg]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df dxfGofoflwjQmfsf]
lgol'Qm ug]{]5 . k|wfgdGqLn] rfx]sf] cjlw;Dd dxfGofoflwjQmf
cfgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .
-#_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz x'g] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm
dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 .
-$_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t /fi6klt ;dIf lnlvt
/fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltaf6
kbd'Qm ul/Pdf,
-u_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .
-%_ dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;jf]{Rr
cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x x'g]5 . dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] ;]jfsf cGo
zt{ sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .
!%*= dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ dxfGofoflwjQmf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/ x'g]5 . ;+j}wflgs Pj+
sfg"gL ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] cGo
clwsf/LnfO{ /fo ;Nnfx lbg' dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xs, lxt jf ;/f]sf/ lglxt /x]sf] d'2fdf
dxfGofoflwjQmf jf lghsf] dftxtsf ;/sf/L jsLnaf6 g]kfn
;/sf/sf] k|ltlglwTj ul/g]5 . o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ePsf]df afx]s s'g} cbfnt jf Goflos lgsfo jf clwsf/L ;dIf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 d'2f rnfpg] jf grnfpg] eGg] s'/fsf]
clGtd lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ x'g]5 .
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 bfo/ ePsf] d'2f lkmtf{ ln+bf
dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] /fo lng' kg]{5 .
83
@)&@.^.#
-$_ dxfGofoflwjQmfn] ;+3Lo ;+;b jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltn]
u/]sf] cfdGq0f adf]lhd To:tf] a}7sdf pkl:yt eO{ sfg"gL k|Zgsf]
;DaGwdf /fo JoQm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ cfgf] kbLo st{Josf] kfngf ubf{ dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{
g]kfnsf] h'g;'s} cbfnt, sfof{no / kbflwsf/L ;dIf pkl:yt x'g]
clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -@_ sf] cltl/Qm dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ cfgf]
st{Jo kfng ubf{ b]xfosf] sfd ug{] clwsf/ x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL jf k|ltjfbL eO{ bfo/ ePsf d'2f
dfldnfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 k|lt/Iff ug]{,
-v_ d'2f dfldnfsf /f]xdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] sfg"gsf]
JofVof jf k|ltkfbg u/]sf] sfg"gL l;4fGtsf]
sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ jf u/fpg],
-u_ lx/f;tdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL
dfgjf]lrt Jojxf/ gu/]sf] jf To:tf] JolQmnfO{{
cfkmGt;Fu jf sfg"g Joj;foL dfk{mt e]63f6 ug{
glbPsf] eGg] ph'/L k/]df jf hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf
5fgaLg u/L To:tf] x'gaf6 /f]Sg ;DalGwt
clwsf/LnfO{ cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg] .
-&_ dxfGofoflwjQmfn] of] wf/f adf]lhd cfgf] sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u / kfng ug]{ u/L
dftxtsf ;/sf/L jsLnnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ o; wf/fdf n]lvPsf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf] cltl/Qm
dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ of] ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo
!%(= jflif{s k|ltj]bg M -!_ dxfGofoflwjQmfn] k|To]s jif{ of] ;+ljwfg /
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd cfk"mn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg
tof/ u/L /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug]{5 / /fi6kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t
To:tf] k|ltj]bg ;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf k]z ug{ nufpg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf]
cltl/Qm dxfGofoflwjQmfn] jif{el/df ;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL ljifodf
lbPsf] /fo ;Nnfxsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f ;lxtsf] ;+Vof, ;/sf/jfbL eO{
84
@)&@.^.#
rn]sf d'2f ;DaGwL ljj/0f, g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL jf k|ltjfbL eO{
bfo/ ePsf d'2f dfldnfdf k|lt/Iff u/]sf] ljj/0f, g]kfn ;/sf/
jfbL eO{ rNg] d'2fdf eljiodf ul/g'kg{] ;'wf/ tyf ck/fwsf k|j[lQ
;DaGwL ljj/0f pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 .
!^)= d'Vo GofoflwjQmf M -!_ dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] dftxtdf /xg] u/L
k|To]s k|b]zdf Ps d'Vo GofoflwjQmf /xg]5 .
-@_ d'Vo GofoflwjQmfsf] lgo'lQm ;DalGwt d'VodGqLsf]
l;kmfl/;df k|b]z k|d'vaf6 x'g]5 . d'VodGqLn] rfx]sf] cjlw;Dd
d'Vo GofoflwjQmf cfgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .
-#_ pRr cbfntsf] GofofwLz x'g] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm d'Vo
GofoflwjQmfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 .
-$_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf d'Vo GofoflwjQmfsf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] d'VodGqL dfk{mt k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf lnlvt
/fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghnfO{ d'VodGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df k|b]z k|d'vn]
kbd'Qm u/]df,
-%_ d'Vo GofoflwjQmf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] d'Vo sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/
x'g]5 / ;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg"gL ljifodf k|b]z ;/sf/ jf k|b]z
;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] cGo clwsf/LnfO{ /fo ;Nnfx lbg' d'Vo
GofoflwjQmfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-^_ d'Vo GofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no cGtu{tsf sd{rf/Lxsf]
Joj:yfkg dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{non] ug]{5 .
-&_ d'Vo GofoflwjQmfsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf pRr
cbfntsf] GofofwLz ;/x x'g]5 . d'Vo GofoflwjQmfsf] sfd, st{Jo
/ clwsf/ tyf ;]jfsf cGo zt{ k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!^!= ;]jfsf zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M ;/sf/L jsLn tyf
dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] dftxtdf /xg] cGo sd{rf/Lxsf] kfl/>lds,
;'ljwf tyf ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
85
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!#
k|b]z sfo{kflnsf
!^@= k|b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ M -!_ k|b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ of]
;+ljwfg / k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbdf lglxt x'g]5 .
t/ ;+3Lo zf;g nfu" ePsf] sf/0faf6 k|b]z sfo{sfl/0fL
sfod g/x]df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgb{]zg adf]lhd k|b]z k|d'vn]
k|b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{5 .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg / cGo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL k|b]zsf] zf;g
Joj:yfsf] ;fdfGo lgb]{zg, lgoGq0f / ;~rfng ug]{ cleef/f k|b]z
dlGqkl/ifbdf /xg]5 .
-#_ k|b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL sfo{x k|b]z ;/sf/sf gfddf x'g]
5g\ .
-$_ of] ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL k|b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/
cg';"rL^, cg';"rL& / cg';"rL( adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf pNn]v eP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
t/ ;+3 / k|b]zsf] ;femf clwsf/sf] ljifosf ;DaGwdf of]
;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"gdf :ki6 pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s k|b]z
dlGqkl/ifbn] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/sf] k|of]u ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu
;dGjo u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd k|b]z ;/sf/sf] gfddf x'g] lg0f{o jf
cfb]z / tT;DaGwL clwsf/kqsf] k|df0fLs/0f k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
!^#= k|b]z k|d'v ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ k|To]s k|b]zdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
k|ltlglwsf] kdf k|b]z k|d'v /xg]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] k|To]s k|b]zsf nflu Ps k|b]z k|d'v lgo'lQm
ug]{5 .
-#_ /fi6kltn]] kbfjlw ;dfKt x'g'eGbf cufj} lghnfO{ kbd'Qm
u/]df afx]s k|b]z k|d'vsf] kbfjlw kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-$_ Pp6} JolQm Ps k6seGbf a9L Ps} k|b]zdf k|b]z k|d'v
x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
86
@)&@.^.#
!^$= k|b]z k|d'vsf] of]Uotf M b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm k|b]z k|d'v
x'gsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;b:o x'g of]Uo ePsf]],
-v_ k}+tL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /
-u_ s'g} sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf] .
!^%= k|b]z k|d'vsf] kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yf M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf k|b]z
k|d'vsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-v_ lghsf] kbfjlw ;dfKt ePdf jf ;f] cufj}
/fi6kltn] lghnfO{ kbd'Qm u/]df,
-@_ s'g} k|b]zsf] k|b]z k|d'vsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf k|b]z
k|d'vsf] lgo'lQm geP;Ddsf nflu /fi6kltn] csf]{ s'g} k|b]zsf] k|b]z
k|d'vnfO{ To:tf] k|b]zsf] ;d]t sfdsfh ug]{ u/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
!^^= k|b]z k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ k|b]z k|d'vn] of] ;+ljwfg
jf sfg"g adf]lhd lghnfO{ k|fKt clwsf/sf] k|of]u / st{Josf] kfng
ug{]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd clwsf/sf] k|of]u ubf{ jf st{Josf]
kfng ubf{ of] ;+ljwfg jf sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} lgsfo jf
kbflwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/;df ul/g] egL ls6fgL;fy Joj:yf ePsf] sfo{
afx]s k|b]z k|d'vaf6 ;Dkfbg ul/g] cGo h'g;'s} sfo{ k|b]z
dlGqkl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/; / ;Ddltaf6 x'g]5 . To:tf] l;kmfl/; /
;Ddlt d'VodGqL dfkm{t k]z x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd k|b]z k|d'vsf] gfddf x'g] lg0f{o jf
cfb]z / tT;DaGwL clwsf/kqsf] k|df0fLs/0f k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
!^&= k|b]z k|d'vsf] zky M k|b]z k|d'vn] cfgf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd /fi6klt ;dIf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky
lng' kg{]5 .
87
@)&@.^.#
!^*= k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g M -!_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efdf ax'dt
k|fKt ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfnfO{ d'VodGqL lgo'Qm ug]{5 / lghsf]
cWoIftfdf k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd k|b]z ;efdf s'g} klg bnsf] :ki6
ax'dt g/x]sf] cj:yfdf k|b]z ;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ b'O{ jf b'O{
eGbf a9L bnxsf] ;dy{gdf ax'dt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] k|b]z ;efsf]
;b:onfO{ k|b]z k|d'vn] d'VodGqL lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
-#_ k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf]
ldltn] tL; lbgleq pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd d'VodGqL lgo'lQm x'g ;Sg]
cj:yf gePdf jf To;/L lgo'Qm d'VodGqLn] pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd
ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug{ g;s]df k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efdf ;a}eGbf
a9L ;b:ox ePsf] ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfnfO{ d'VodGqL lgo'Qm
ug]{5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm d'VodGqLn] To;/L
lgo'Qm ePsf] tL; lbgleq k|b]z ;efaf6 ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm d'VodGqLn] pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug{ g;s]df pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf]
s'g} ;b:on] k|b]z ;efdf ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf
ePdf k|b]z k|d'vn] To:tf] ;b:onfO{ d'VodGqL lgo'Qm ug{]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm d'VodGqLn] pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] dt k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm d'VodGqLn] ljZjf;sf] dt
k|fKt ug{ g;s]df jf d'VodGqL lgo'Qm x'g g;s]df d'VodGqLsf]
l;kmfl/;df k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efnfO{ lj36g u/L 5 dxLgfleq
csf]{ k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g] u/L lgjf{rg ldlt tf]Sg]5 .
-*_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ePsf] k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf]
clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf] jf d'VodGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] ldltn]
k}+tL; lbgleq o; wf/f adf]lhd d'VodGqL lgo'lQm ;DaGwL k|lqmof
;DkGg ug'{ kg{]5 .
-(_ k|b]z k|d'vn] d'VodGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df k|b]z ;efsf
;b:odWo]af6 ;dfj]zL l;4fGt adf]lhd d'VodGqL ;lxt k|b]z
88
@)&@.^.#
;efsf s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] aL; k|ltzt eGbf a9L gx'g] u/L] k|b]z
dlGqkl/ifb u7g ug]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; efusf] k|of]hgsf nflu dGqL eGgfn] dGqL, /fHo
dGqL / ;xfos dGqL ;Demg' k5{ .
-!)_ d'VodGqL / dGqL ;fd"lxs kdf k|b]z ;efk|lt
pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ / dGqLx cfgf] dGqfnosf] sfdsf nflu
JolQmut kdf d'VodGqL / k|b]z ;efk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ .
!^(= d'VodGqL tyf dGqLsf] kb l/Qm x''g] cj:yf M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g}
cj:yfdf d'VodGqLsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ wf/f !** adf]lhd ljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t x'g
g;s]df jf lghsf] lj?4 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj
kfl/t ePdf,
-u_ lgh k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o g/x]df,
-@_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf dGqLsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] d'VodGqL ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ d'VodGqLn] lghnfO{ kbd'Qm u/]df,
-u_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ adf]lhd
d'VodGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePdf,
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd d'VodGqLsf] kb l/Qm eP tfklg
csf]{ k|b]z dlGqkl/ifb u7g geP;Dd ;f]xL dlGqkl/ifbn] sfo{
;~rfng ug]{5 .
t/ d'VodGqLsf] d[To' ePdf csf{] d'VodGqL lgo'lQm
geP;Ddsf nflu jl/i7td dGqLn] d'VodGqLsf] kdf sfo{
;~rfng ug]{5 .
!&)= k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o gePsf] JolQm dGqL x'g ;Sg] M -!_ wf/f !^*
sf] pkwf/f -(_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|b]z k|d'vn]
89
@)&@.^.#
d'VodGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o gePsf] s'g} JolQmnfO{
dGqL kbdf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm dGqLn] zky u|x0f u/]sf]
ldltn] 5 dxLgfleq k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:otf
k|fKt ug{ g;s]df tTsfn sfod /x]sf] k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfndf lgh
dGqL kbdf k'gM lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg tTsfn
sfod /x]sf] k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf k/flht ePsf] JolQm ;f] k|b]z
;efsf] sfo{sfndf pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd dGqL kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu
of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
!&!= d'VodGqL / dGqLsf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf M d'VodGqL /
dGqLsf] kfl/>lds / cGo ;'ljwf k|b]z P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 . To:tf]
P]g gag];Dd k|b]z ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!&@= zky M d'VodGqL / dGqLn] k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf tyf /fHodGqL /
;xfos dGqLn] d'VodGqL ;dIf cfgf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3 k|b]z
sfg"g adf]lhd kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky lng' kg]{5 .
!&#= k|b]z k|d'vnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] M d'VodGqLn] b]xfosf ljifodf k|b]z
k|d'vnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg]5 M
-s_ k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbsf lg0f{o,
-v_ k|b]z ;efdf k]z ul/g] ljw]os,
-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt ljifodf k|b]z k|d'vn]
hfgsf/L dfu]sf] cGo cfjZos ljj/0f, /
-3_ k|b]zsf] ;d;fdlos kl/l:ylt .
!&$= k|b]z ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ;~rfng M -!_ k|b]z ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t
lgodfjnL adf]lhd k|b]z ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ljefhg / sfo{ ;Dkfbg
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ cGtu{tsf] lgodfjnLsf] kfng eof] jf ePg
eGg] k|Zg s'g} cbfntdf p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .
90
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!$
k|b]z Joj:yflksf
!&%= k|b]z Joj:yflksf M k|b]zsf] Joj:yflksf Ps;bgfTds x'g]5 h;nfO{
k|b]z ;ef elgg]5 .
!&^= k|b]z ;efsf] u7g M -!_ k|To]s k|b]z ;efdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;+Vofdf ;b:o /xg]5g\ M
-s_ ;DalGwt k|b]zaf6 k|ltlglw ;efdf klxnf] x'g]
lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd lgjf{lrt x'g]
;b:o ;+Vofsf] bf]Aa/ ;+Vofdf x'g cfpg] ;b:o,
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd sfod x'g] ;b:o ;+VofnfO{ ;f7L
k|ltzt dfgL afFsL rfnL; k|ltztdf ;dfg'kflts
lgjf{rg k|0ffnLaf6 lgjf{lrt x'g] ;b:o .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] ;b:o lgjf{rgsf
nflu e"uf]n / hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd lgjf{rg
If]q sfod ul/g]5 .
-#_ k|b]z ;efsf ;f7L k|ltzt ;b:ox klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt
x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd / rfnL; k|ltzt ;b:ox
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd lgjf{lrt x'g]5g\ .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd x'g] k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rg
sfg"g adf]lhd jflnu dtflwsf/sf] cfwf/df uf]Ko dtbfgf/f
x'g]5 .
-%_ c7f/ jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] k|b]zsf] If]qleq a;f]af; ug]{
k|To]s g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} Ps lgjf{rg If]qdf
dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-^_ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g] k|b]z ;efsf]
lgjf{rgsf nflu /fhgLlts bnn] pDd]bjf/L lb+bf hg;+Vofsf]
cfwf/df dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, v; cfo{, dw];L, yf,
d'l:nd, lk5l8Psf] If]q, cNk;+Vos ;d'bfo ;d]taf6 aGb ;"rLsf
cfwf/df k|ltlglwTj x'g] Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
To;/L pDd]bjf/L lb+bf ;DalGwt k|b]zsf] ef}uf]lns ;Gt'ngnfO{ ;d]t
Wofg lbg' kg{]5 .
91
@)&@.^.#
:ki6Ls/0f M o; efusf] k|of]hgsf nflu v; cfo{ eGgfn] If]qL,
a|fDx0f, 7s'/L, ;+Gof;L -bzgfdL_ ;d'bfo ;Demg' k5{ .
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd /fhgLlts bnn] pDd]bjf/L lb+bf
ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] ;d]t k|ltlglwTj x'g] Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 .
-*_ k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfn 5 dxLgf eGbf a9L cjlw afFsL
5Fb} s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm ePdf To:tf] :yfg h'g lgjf{rg
k|0ffnLaf6 k"lt{ ePsf] lyof] ;f]xL k|lqmoff/f k"lt{ ul/g]5 .
-(_ o; wf/fdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|b]z
;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ k|To]s /fhgLlts bnaf6 lgjf{lrt s'n ;b:o
;+Vofsf] sDtLdf Ps ltxfO ;b:o dlxnf x'g' kg]{5 . To;/L
lgjf{lrt ubf{ pkwf/f -!_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd lgjf{lrt ;b:ox
dWo] s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] Ps ltxfO ;b:o dlxnf lgjf{lrt
gePdf To:tf] /fhgLlts bnn] ;f]xL pkwf/fsf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd
;b:o lgjf{lrt ubf{ cfgf] bnaf6 k|b]z ;efdf lgjf{lrt x'g] s'n
;b:osf] sDtLdf Ps ltxfO dlxnf ;b:o x'g] u/L lgjf{lrt ug'{
kg]{5 .
-!)_ k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:osf nflu x'g] lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ug]{
clwsf/ kfPsf] wf/f !&* adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf] s'g} klg JolQm
sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL k|b]zsf] s'g} klg lgjf{rg If]qaf6 pDd]bjf/
x'g kfpg]5 .
t/ Pp6} JolQm Ps eGbf a9L lgjf{rg If]qdf Ps} k6s
pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-!!_ k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!&&= k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfn M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd cufj} lj36g
ePsf]df afx]s k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfn kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;DalGwt
k|b]zdf ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z nfu" /x]sf] cj:yfdf
k|b]z P]g adf]lhd k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfn Ps jif{df ga9\g] u/L yk
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
92
@)&@.^.#
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd yk ul/Psf] k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfn
;DalGwt k|b]zdf ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z vf/]h
ePsf] ldltn] 5 dxLgf k'u]kl5 :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 .
!&*= k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:osf nflu of]Uotf M -!_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf]
JolQm k|b]z ;efsf]] ;b:o x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfnL gful/s,
-v_ ;DalGwt k|b]zsf] dtbftf /x]sf],
-u_ kRrL; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf]],
-3_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L s;"/df ;hfo
gkfPsf],
-_ s'g} sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf], /
-r_ s'g} nfesf] kbdf axfn g/x]sf] .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu nfesf]
kb eGgfn] lgjf{rg jf dgf]gogf/f k"lt{ ul/g]
/fhgLlts kb afx]s ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 kfl/>lds
jf cfly{s ;'ljwf kfpg] cGo kb ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQm x'g] /fhgLlts kbdf axfn
/x]sf]] JolQm o; efu adf]lhd k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o kbdf lgjf{lrt
ePdf To:tf] kbsf] zky u|x0f u/]sf] lbgb]lv lghsf] To:tf] kb
:jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .
!&(= k|b]z ;efsf ;b:osf] zky M k|b]z ;efsf ;b:oxn] k|b]z ;ef
jf To;sf] s'g} ;ldltsf] a}7sdf klxnf] k6s efu lng' cl3 k|b]z
sfg"g adf]lhd zky lng' kg]{5 .
!*)= k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm x'g] M b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf k|b]z
;efsf ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] k|b]z ;efsf] ;efd'v ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf
lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] wf/f !&* adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf gePdf jf
g/x]df,
-u_ k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt ePdf jf lj36g ePdf,
93
@)&@.^.#
-3_ lgh k|b]z ;efnfO{ ;"rgf glbO{ nuftf/ bz j6f
a}7sdf cg'kl:yt /x]df,
-_ h'g bnsf] pDd]bjf/ eO{ ;b:o lgjf{lrt ePsf] xf]
To:tf] bnn] ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd lghn] bn Tofu
u/]sf] s'/f ;"lrt u/]df,
!*!= k|b]z ;ef ;b:osf] cof]Uotf ;DaGwL lg0f{o M k|b]z ;efsf] s'g}
;b:o wf/f !&* adf]lhd cof]Uo 5 jf x'g uPsf] 5 eGg] k|Zg
p7]df To;sf] lg0f{o ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;n] ug{]5 .
!*@= k|b]z ;efsf] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v M -!_ k|b]z ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s
k|f/De ePsf] ldltn]] kGw| lbgleq k|b]z ;efsf ;b:oxn]
cfkm"dWo]af6 k|b]z ;efd'v / k|b]z pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg ug]{5g\ .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg ubf{ k|b]z ;efd'v jf k|b]z
pk;efd'v dWo] Ps hgf dlxnf x'g] u/L ug{' kg]{5 / k|b]z ;efd'v
jf k|b]z pk;efd'v km/s km/s bnsf] k|ltlglw x'g' kg]{5 .
t/ k|b]z ;efdf Ps eGbf a9L bnsf] k|ltlglwTj gePsf] jf
k|ltlglwTj eP/ klg pDd]bjf/L glbPsf] cj:yfdf Ps} bnsf] ;b:o
k|b]z ;efd'v jf k|b]z pk;efd'v x'g afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-#_ k|b]z ;efd'v jf k|b]z pk;efd'vsf] kb l/Qm ePdf
k|b]z ;efsf ;b:oxn] cfkm"dWo]af6 lgjf{rg u/L k|b]z ;efd'v jf
k|b]z pk;efd'vsf] kb k"lt{ ug]{ 5g\ .
-$_ k|b]z ;efd'vsf] cg'kl:yltdf k|b]z pk;efd'vn] k|b]z
;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{5 .
-%_ k|b]z ;efd'v / k|b]z pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg gePsf] jf
b'j} kb l/Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf k|b]z ;efsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf
pkl:yt ;b:o dWo] pd]/sf] lx;fan] Ho]i7 ;b:on] ug]{5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf k|b]z ;efd'v jf k|b]z
pk;efd'vsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lgh k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o g/x]df, t/ k|b]z
;ef lj36g ePsf] cj:yfdf cfgf] kbdf axfn
/x]sf k|b]z ;efd'v / k|b]z pk;efd'v k|b]z
94
@)&@.^.#
;efsf nflu x'g] csf{] lgjf{rgsf] pDd]bjf/L
bflvn ug]{ cl3Nnf] lbg;Dd cfgf] kbdf axfn
/xg]5g\ .
-u_ lghn] kb cg's"n cfr/0f gu/]sf] eGg] k|:tfj
k|b]z ;efsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o
;+Vofsf] b'O{ltxfO ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf .
-&_ k|b]z ;efd'vn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f gu/]sf] eGg]
k|:tfj pk/ 5nkmn x'g] a}7ssf] cWoIftf k|b]z pk;efd'vn]
ug]{5 . To:tf] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmndf k|b]z ;efd'vn] efu lng / dt
lbg kfpg]5 .
!*#= k|b]z ;efsf] clwj]zgsf] cfJxfg / cGTo M -!_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z
;efsf nflu ePsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltn]
aL; lbg leq k|b]z ;efsf] clwj]zg cfJxfg ug]{5 . To;kl5 o;
;+ljwfg adf]lhd k|b]z k|d'vn] ;do ;dodf cGo clwj]zg cfJxfg
ug{]5 .
t/ Pp6f clwj]zgsf] ;dflKt / csf]{ clwj]zgsf] k|f/Desf
aLrsf] cjlw 5 dxLgfeGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-@_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efsf] clwj]zgsf] cGTo ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efsf] clwj]zg rfn" g/x]sf] jf a}7s
:ylut ePsf] cj:yfdf clwj]zg jf a}7s af]nfpg jf~5gLo 5
egL k|b]z ;efsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO ;b:oxn]
lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df To:tf] clwj]zg jf a}7s a:g] ldlt / ;do
tf]Sg]5 . To;/L tf]lsPsf] ldlt / ;dodf k|b]z ;efsf] clwj]zg
k|f/De x'g] jf a}7s a:g]5 .
!*$= k|b]z k|d'vaf6 ;Daf]wg M -!_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efsf] a}7snfO{
;Daf]wg ug{ / To;sf nflu ;b:oxsf] pkl:yltsf] cfXjfg ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efsf nflu ePsf] lgjf{rg kl5sf]
klxnf] clwj]zg / k|To]s jif{sf] klxnf] clwj]zgsf] k|f/De ePkl5
k|b]z ;efsf] a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{]5 .
95
@)&@.^.#
!*%= k|b]z ;efsf] u0fk"/s ;+Vof M o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoyf n]lvPsf]df
afx]s k|b]z ;efsf] a}7sdf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO ;b:o
pkl:yt geP;Dd s'g} k|Zg jf k|:tfj lg0f{osf nflu k|:t't ul/g]
5}g .
!*^= k|b]z ;efdf dtbfg M k|b]z ;efdf lg0f{osf nflu k|:t't ul/Psf]
h'g;'s} k|:tfjsf] lg0f{o pkl:yt eO{ dtbfg ug]{ ;b:oxsf]
ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 . cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmnfO{ dt lbg] clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .
t/ dt a/fa/ ePdf cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] cfgf] lg0ff{os
dt lbg]5 .
!*&= k|b]z ;efsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL k|b]z
;efdf k"0f{ jfs\ :jtGqtf /xg]5 / k|b]z ;efdf JoQm u/]sf] s'g}
s'/f jf lbPsf] s'g} dtnfO{ lnP/ s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ kqmfp ug]{,
y'gfdf /fVg] jf lgh pk/ s'g} cbfntdf sf/afxL rnfOg] 5}g .
-@_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL k|b]z ;efnfO{ cfgf] sfd
sf/afxL / lg0f{o ug{] k"0f{ clwsf/ /xg]5 / k|b]z ;efsf] s'g} sfd
sf/afxL lgoldt 5 jf 5}g egL lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ k|b]z ;efnfO{
dfq x'g]5 . o; ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fOg] 5}g .
-#_ k|b]z ;efsf] s'g} sf/afxL pk/ To;sf] c;n lgotaf/]
z+sf p7fO{ s'g} 6Lsfl6Kk0fL ul/g] 5}g / s'g} ;b:on] af]n]sf] s'g}
s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf hfgLhfgL unt jf e|fds cy{ nufO{ s'g} k|sf/sf]
k|sfzg jf k|;f/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ / -#_ sf] Joj:yf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o afx]s
k|b]z ;efsf] a}7sdf efu lng kfpg] cGo JolQmsf xsdf klg nfu"
x'g]5 .
-%_ k|b]z ;efsf] clwsf/ cGtu{t s'g} lnvt, k|ltj]bg,
dtbfg jf sf/afxL k|sflzt u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ s'g} JolQm pk/
cbfntdf sf/afxL rNg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkwf/f / pkwf/f -!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_ sf] k|of]hgsf
nflu k|b]z ;ef eGgfn] k|b]z ;efsf] ;ldltsf] a}7s ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-^_ k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:onfO{ clwj]zg af]nfOPsf] ;"rgf hf/L
ePkl5 clwj]zg cGTo geP;Ddsf] cjlwe/ kqmfp ul/g] 5}g .
96
@)&@.^.#
t/ s'g} kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf s'g} ;b:onfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd
kqmfp ug{ o; pkwf/fn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . To;/L s'g}
;b:o kqmfp ul/Pdf kqmfp ug]{ clwsf/Ln] To;sf] ;"rgf k|b]z
;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .
-&_ ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xggnfO{ k|b]z ;efsf] cjx]ngf dflgg]5
/ s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xgg ePsf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o
ug]{ clwsf/ k|b]z ;efnfO{ dfq x'g]5 .
-*_ s;}n] k|b]z ;efsf] cjx]ngf u/]df To:tf] ;efsf]
cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] k|b]z ;efsf] lg0f{oaf6 To:tf] JolQmnfO{ ;r]t
u/fpg, g;Lxt lbg jf tLg dxLgfdf ga9\g] u/L s}b ug{ jf bz
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] hl/afgf ;/sf/L afFsL
;/x c;"n pk/ ul/g]]5 .
t/ k|b]z ;efnfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g] u/L To:tf] JolQmn] Ifdfofrgf
u/]df To:tf] ;efn] Ifdf k|bfg ug{ jf tf]ls;s]sf] ;hfonfO{ dfkmL
jf sd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-(_ k|b]z ;efsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf k|b]z
!**= ljZjf;sf] dt / cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_
d'VodGqLn] s'g} klg avt cfk"mdfly k|b]z ;efsf] ljZjf; 5 eGg]
s'/f :ki6 ug{ cfjZos jf pko'Qm 7fg]df ljZjf;sf] dtsf nflu
k|b]z ;ef ;dIf k|:tfj /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ d'VodGqLn] k|ltlglwTj ug{] bn ljeflht ePdf jf k|b]z
;/sf/df ;xefuL bnn] cfgf] ;dy{g lkmtf{ lnPdf tL; lbgleq
d'VodGqLn] ljZjf;sf] dtsf nflu k|b]z ;ef ;dIf k|:tfj /fVg'
kg{]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|:tfj k|b]z
;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dtn] kfl/t
x'g g;s]df d'VodGqL cfgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 .
-$_ k|b]z ;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox dWo]
Ps rf}yfO ;b:on] d'VodGqLdfly k|b]z ;efsf] ljZjf; 5}g egL
lnlvtkdf cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
97
@)&@.^.#
t/ d'VodGqL lgo'Qm ePsf] klxnf] b'O{ jif{;Dd / Psk6s
/fv]sf] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj c;kmn ePsf] Ps jif{ leq To:tf]
cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ubf{
d'VodGqLsf nflu k|:tfljt ;b:osf] gfd ;d]t pNn]v u/]sf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k|b]z
;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dtaf6 kfl/t
ePdf d'VodGqL kbd'Qm x'g]5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t eO{
d'VodGqLsf] kb l/Qm ePdf pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd k|:tfj u/]sf] k|b]z
;ef ;b:onfO{ k|b]z k|d'vn] wf/f !^* adf]lhd d'VodGqL lgo'Qm
ug]{5 .
!*(= dGqL, /fHodGqL / ;xfos dGqLn] k|b]z ;efsf] a}7sdf efu lng
kfpg] M dGqL, /fHodGqL / ;xfos dGqLn] k|b]z ;ef / To;sf]
;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g / sf/afxL tyf 5nkmndf efu lng
kfpg]5 .
t/ k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o gePsf] dGqL, /fHodGqL jf ;xfos
dGqLn] k|b]z ;efsf] a}7sdf jf To;sf] ;ldltdf dtbfg ug{ /
k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o /x]sf] dGqL, /fHodGqL jf ;xfos dGqLn] cfkm"
;b:o /x]sf] ;ldlt afx]ssf] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf dtbfg ug{ kfpg]
5}g .
!()= k|b]z ;efdf cglwsf/ pkl:yt ePdf jf dtbfg u/]df ;hfo M
wf/f !&( adf]lhd zky glnPsf] jf k|b]z ;efsf] ;b:o gePsf]
s'g} JolQm ;b:osf] x}l;otn] k|b]z ;ef jf To;sf] ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf pkl:yt ePdf jf dtbfg u/]df lghnfO{ To:tf] a}7ssf]
cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmsf] cfb]zn] To;/L pkl:yt ePsf] jf dtbfg
u/]sf] k|To]s k6ssf nflu kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/afgf x'g]5 / To:tf]
hl/afgf ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ul/g]]5 .
!(!= ax;df aGb]h M g]kfnsf] s'g} cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg d'2fsf ;DaGwdf
Gofo lgk0fdf k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ ljifo tyf GofofwLzn] st{Jo
kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf u/]sf] Goflos sfo{sf] ;DaGwdf k|b]z ;efdf
s'g} 5nkmn ul/g] 5}g .
98
@)&@.^.#
!(@= ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{ ;~rfng M
k|b]z ;efsf] s'g} ;b:osf] :yfg l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t k|b]z
;efn] cfgf] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 / k|b]z ;efsf] sf/afxLdf
efu lng gkfpg] s'g} JolQmn] efu lnPsf] s'/f kl5 kQf nfUof] eg]
klg eO;s]sf] sfo{ cdfGo x'g] 5}g .
!(#= k|b]z ;efn] ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg] M k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{ k|0ffnLnfO{
Jojl:yt ug{ k|b]z ;efn] lgodfjnL adf]lhd cfjZostf cg';f/
;ldlt jf ljz]if ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!($= k|b]z ;efsf] sfo{ ;~rfng ljlw M k|b]z ;efn] cfgf] sfo{
;~rfng ug{, a}7ssf] ;'Joj:yf sfod /fVg / ;ldltxsf] u7g,
sfd, sf/afxL / ;ldlt ;DaGwL cGo ljifo lgoldt ug{sf nflu
lgodfjnL agfpg]5 . To;/L lgodfjnL gag];Dd k|b]z ;efn]
cfgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm}+ lgoldt ug{]5 .
!(%= k|b]z ;efsf] ;lrj / ;lrjfno M -!_ k|b]z k|d'vn] k|b]z ;efd'vsf]
l;kmfl/;df k|b]z ;efsf] ;lrj lgo'Qm ug{]5 .
-@_ k|b]z ;efsf] sfd sf/afxL ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg
ug{sf nflu Ps ;lrjfno /xg]5 . To:tf] ;lrjfnosf] :yfkgf /
tt\;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ k|b]z ;efsf] ;lrjsf] of]Uotf, sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyf
;]jfsf cGo zt{ k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!(^= kfl/>lds M k|b]z ;efsf] ;efd'v, pk;efd'v tyf ;b:osf]
kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . To:tf] sfg"g
gag];Dd k|b]z ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
99
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!%
k|b]z Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw
!(&= k|b]z ;efsf] Joj:yflksLo clwsf/ M k|b]z ;efsf] Joj:yflksLo
clwsf/ cg';"rL^, cg';"rL& / cg';"rL( adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf
pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!(*= k|b]z ;efdf ljw]os k|:t't ug]{ ljlw M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf
/xL k|b]z ;efdf ljw]os k|:t't ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ cy{ ljw]os / zflGt ;'/Iff;Fu ;DalGwt ljw]os ;/sf/L
ljw]ossf] kdf dfq k|:t't ul/g]5 .
-#_ cy{ ljw]os eGgfn] b]xfodf plNnlvt ;a} jf s'g}
ljifo;Fu ;DaGw /fVg] ljw]osnfO{ hgfpF5 M
-s_ k|b]zdf s/ nufpg], p7fpg], vf/]h ug]{, 5"6 lbg],
kl/jt{g ug]{ jf s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ ljifo,
-v_ k|b]z ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} k|b]z ;/sf/L sf]ifsf]
;+/If0f ug]{, To:tf] sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{ jf To:tf]
sf]ifaf6 s'g} /sd ljlgof]hg jf vr{ ug]{ jf
ljlgof]hg jf vr{ ug{ vf]lhPsf] /sd 36fpg], a9fpg]
jf vf/]h ug]{ ljifo,
-u_ k|b]z ;/sf/n] C0f k|fKt ug]{ jf hdfgt lbg] ljifo
Jojl:yt ug]{ jf k|b]zsf] ;/sf/n] lnPsf] jf lng]
cfly{s bfloTj ;DaGwL sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ ljifo,
-3_ k|b]z ;/sf/L sf]ifdf k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] /fh:j,
C0f c;'nLaf6 k|fKt /sd / cg'bfgsf] /sd lhDdf
/fVg], nufgL ug]{ jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] n]vf jf n]vf
k/LIf0f ug]{ ljifo, jf
-_ v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ jf -3_ ;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw ePsf
k|f;+lus ljifo .
t/ s'g} cg'dltkq b:t'/, lgj]bg b:t'/, gjLs/0f b:t'/ h:tf
b:t'/, z'Ns jf dx;"n nufpg] jf s'g} hl/jfgf jf s}b x'g] Joj:yf
ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq s'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os dflgg] 5}g .
100
@)&@.^.#
-$_ s'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os xf] xf]Og eGg] k|Zg p7]df k|b]z
;efsf] ;efd'vsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .
!((= ljw]os kfl/t ug]{ ljlw M -!_ k|b]z ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] ljw]os
k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf k]z ul/g]5 .
-@_ s'g} ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf k|b]z ;efsf]
clwj]zgsf] cGTo eP klg ;f] ljw]osdfly csf]{ clwj]zgdf
sf/afxL x'g ;Sg]5 .
t/ s'g} ljw]os k|b]z ;efdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf k|b]z
;ef lj36g ePdf jf ;f] ;efsf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt ePdf To:tf]
ljw]os lgliqmo x'g]5 .
@))= ljw]os lkmtf{ lng ;Sg] M ljw]os k|:t'tstf{n] k|b]z ;efsf] :jLs[lt
lnO{ ljw]os lkmtf{ lng ;Sg]5 .
@)!= ljw]osdf k|df0fLs/0f M -!_ wf/f !(( adf]lhd k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu
k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf k]z ul/g] ljw]os k|b]z ;efsf] ;efd'vn]] k|dfl0ft
u/L k]z ug'{ kg{]5 .
t/ cy{ ljw]ossf xsdf cy{ ljw]os xf] egL k|b]z ;efd'vn]
k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ o; wf/f adf]lhd k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf
k]z ePsf] ljw]os k|b]z k|d'vn] kGw| lbgleq k|df0fLs/0f u/L
To;sf] ;"rgf oyf;Dej rfF8f] k|b]z ;efnfO{ lbg]5 .
-#_ k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu k]z ePsf] cy{ ljw]os afx]s cGo
ljw]ossf] ;DaGwdf k'glj{rf/ x'g cfjZos 5 eGg] k|b]z k|d'vnfO{
nfu]df lghn] ljw]os k]z ePsf] kGw| lbgleq ;Gb]z ;lxt k|b]z
;efdf lkmtf{ k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd k|b]z k|d'vn] s'g} ljw]os ;Gb]z
;lxt lkmtf{ u/]df To; ljw]osdfly k|b]z ;efn] k'glj{rf/ u/L
To:tf] ljw]os k|:t't kdf jf ;+zf]wg ;lxt kfl/t u/L k'gM k]z
u/]df To;/L k]z ePsf] kGw| lbg leq k|b]z k|d'vn] k|df0fLs/0f
ug{]5 .
-%_ k|b]z k|d'vaf6 k|df0fLs/0f ePkl5 ljw]os P]g aGg]5 .
101
@)&@.^.#
@)@= cWofb]z M -!_ k|b]z ;efsf] clwj]zg rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s
cGo cj:yfdf tTsfn s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]df k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbsf]
l;kmfl/;df k|b]z k|d'vn] cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] cWofb]z P]g ;/x dfGo
x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] k|To]s cWofb]z,
-s_ hf/L ePkl5 a;]sf] k|b]z ;efsf] a}7sdf k]z
ul/g]5 / k|b]z ;efn] :jLsf/ gu/]df :jtM
lgliqmo x'g]5,
-v_ k|b]z k|d'vaf6 h'g;'s} avt vf/]h x'g ;Sg]5, /
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ adf]lhd lgliqmo jf vf/]h
gePdf k|b]z ;efsf] a}7s a;]sf] ;f7L lbgkl5
:jtM lgliqmo x'g]5 .
102
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!^
k|b]z cfly{s sfo{k|0ffnL
@)#= s/ nufpg jf C0f lng gkfOg] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s k|b]zdf
s'g} s/ nufOg] / p7fOg] 5}g .
-@_ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s k|b]z ;/sf/n] s'g} C0f lng]
/ hdfgt lbg] 5}g .
@)$= k|b]z ;l~rt sf]if M u'7L /sd afx]s k|b]z ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;a}
k|sf/sf /fh:j, /fh:jsf] lwtf]df lnOPsf ;a} shf{, k|b]z P]gsf]
clwsf/ cGtu{t lbOPsf] h'g;'s} C0f c;'n x'Fbf k|fKt ePsf] ;a}
wg / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] cg'bfg Pj+ C0f /sd k|b]z
P]gf/f csf]{ s'g} Joj:yf gul/Pdf Ps k|b]z ;/sf/L sf]ifdf
cfDbfgL afFlwg]5 h;nfO{ k|b]z ;l~rt sf]if elgg]5 .
@)%= k|b]z ;l~rt sf]if jf k|b]z ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 Joo M b]xfosf /sd
afx]s k|b]z ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} k|b]z ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 s'g}
/sd lemSg ;lsg] 5}g M
-s_ k|b]z ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ ePsf] /sd,
-v_ ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd vr{ x'g] /sd,
-u_ ljlgof]hg ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf
k]ZsLsf] kdf P]g adf]lhd vr{ x'g] /sd, jf
-3_ ljz]if cj:yfdf Joosf] ljj/0f dfq ePsf] pwf/f]
vr{ P]gf/f Joo x'g] /sd .
t/ k|b]z cfsl:ds sf]ifsf xsdf wf/f @!@ adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
@)^= k|b]z ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ M b]xfosf ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt vr{
k|b]z ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g]5 / To:tf] Joosf nflu k|b]z
;efsf] :jLs[lt cfjZos kg]{ 5}g M
-s_ k|b]z ;efd'v / k|b]z pk;efd'vnfO{ lbOg] kfl/>lds
/ ;'ljwfsf /sd,
-v_ k|b]z nf]s;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:onfO{ lbO{g]
kfl/>lds / ;'ljwfsf /sd,
103
@)&@.^.#
-u_ k|b]z ;/sf/sf] bfloTjsf] C0f ;DaGwL Jooef/,
-3_ k|b]z ;/sf/sf] lj?4 cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf jf
cfb]z cg';f/ ltg'{ kg]{ /sd, /
-_ k|b]z sfg"gn] k|b]z ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g] egL
lgwf{/0f u/]sf] /sd .
@)&= /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg M -!_ k|b]zsf] cy{dGqLn] k|To]s cfly{s
jif{sf] ;DaGwdf k|b]z ;ef ;dIf b]xfosf s'/f ;d]t v'nfO{ jflif{s
cg'dfg k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ /fh:jsf] cg'dfg,
-v_ k|b]z ;l~rt sf]ifdfly Jooef/ x'g] cfjZos
/sdx, /
-u_ k|b]z ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd Joo x'g] cfjZos
/sdx .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s cg'dfg k]z ubf{ cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{df k|To]s dGqfnonfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] vr{sf] /sd / vr{
cg';f/sf] nIo xfl;n eof] jf ePg To;sf] ljj/0f klg ;fy} k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
@)*= k|b]z ljlgof]hg P]g M k|b]z ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd Joo x'g] /sd
zLif{sdf pNn]v u/L ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf /flvg]5g\ .
@)(= k"/s cg'dfg M -!_ s'g} cfly{s jif{df b]xfosf] cj:yf kg{ cfPdf
k|b]zsf] cy{dGqLn] k|b]z ;ef ;dIf k"/s cg'dfg k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ rfn" cfly{s jif{sf nflu k|b]z ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd
s'g} ;]jfsf nflu vr{ ug{ clVtof/L lbOPsf] /sd
ckof{Kt ePdf jf To; jif{sf nflu k|b]z ljlgof]hg
P]gn] clwsf/ glbPsf] gofF ;]jfdf vr{ ug{ cfjZos
ePdf, jf
-v_ rfn" cfly{s jif{df k|b]z ljlgof]hg P]g adf]lhd
clVtof/L lbPsf] /sdeGbf a9L vr{ x'g uPdf .
-@_ k"/s cg'dfgdf /flvPsf] /sd ;DalGwt zLif{sdf pNn]v
u/L k"/s ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf /flvg]5 .
104
@)&@.^.#
@!)= k]ZsL vr{ M -!_ o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
k|b]z ljlgof]hg ljw]os ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf cfly{s jif{sf
nflu cg'dfg ul/Psf] Joosf] s'g} c+z k]ZsLsf kdf k|b]z P]g
adf]lhd vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ wf/f @)& adf]lhd /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg k]z
gul/P;Dd k]ZsL vr{ ljw]os k|:t't ul/g] 5}g / k]ZsLsf] /sd
cfly{s jif{sf] Joo cg'dfgsf] Ps ltxfO eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-#_ k|b]z k]ZsL vr{ P]g adf]lhd vr{ ePsf] /sd k|b]z
ljlgof]hg ljw]osdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .
@!!= pwf/f] vr{ M o; efudf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
k|fs[lts sf/0f jf cGo sf/0fn] ubf{ k|b]zdf ;+s6sf] cj:yf k/L
wf/f @)& sf] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd rflxg] ljj/0f v'nfpg
cJofjxfl/s jf k|b]zsf] ;'/Iff jf lxtsf] b[li6n] cjf~5gLo b]lvPdf
k|b]zsf] cy{dGqLn] Joosf] ljj/0f dfq ePsf] pwf/f] vr{ ljw]os
k|b]z ;ef ;dIf k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@!@= k|b]z cfsl:ds sf]if M -!_ k|b]z P]g adf]lhd k|b]z cfsl:ds
sf]ifsf] gfdn] Pp6f sf]if :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 / To:tf] sf]ifdf ;do
;dodf k|b]z P]g adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf] /sd hDdf ul/g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]if k|b]z ;/sf/sf] lgoGq0fdf
/xg]5 . k|b]z ;/sf/n] To:tf] sf]ifaf6 cfsl:ds sfo{sf nflu vr{
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] vr{sf] /sd k|b]z P]g adf]lhd
oyfzLw| ;f]wegf{ ul/g]5 .
@!#= cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL P]g M k|b]z P]g adf]lhd ljlgof]lht /sd
Ps zLif{saf6 csf]{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{] / cfly{s sfo{ljlw
;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf k|b]z P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
105
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!&
:yfgLo sfo{kflnsf
@!$= :yfgLo txsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ M -!_ :yfgLo txsf] sfo{sfl/0fL
clwsf/ of] ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ufpF sfo{kflnsf
jf gu/ sfo{kflnsfdf lglxt /xg]5 .
-@_ :yfgLo sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ cg';"rL* / cg';"rL(
adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg / cGo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL ufpFkflnsf /
gu/kflnsfsf] zf;g Joj:yfsf] ;fdfGo lgb]{zg, lgoGq0f /
;~rfng ug]{ cleef/f ufpF sfo{kflnsf / gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf]
x'g]5 .
-$_ ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfsf sfo{sfl/0fL sfo{ ufpF
sfo{kflnsf / gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] gfddf x'g]5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd ufpF sfo{kflnsf / gu/
sfo{kflnsfsf] gfddf x'g] lg0f{o jf cfb]z / tT;DaGwL
clwsf/kqsf] k|df0fLs/0f :yfgLo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@!%= ufpF sfo{kflnsf cWoIf / pkfWoIf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ k|To]s
ufpFkflnsfdf Ps hgf ufpF sfo{kflnsf cWoIf /xg]5 . lghsf]
cWoIftfdf ufpF sfo{kflnsf u7g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] ufpF sfo{kflnsfdf Ps hgf
pkfWoIf, k|To]s j8faf6 lgjf{lrt j8f cWoIf / pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd lgjf{lrt ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-#_ cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] lgjf{rg ;DalGwt ufpFkflnsf
If]qleqsf dtbftfn] Ps JolQm Ps dtsf] cfwf/df uf]Ko
dtbfgf/f klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd
ug]{5g\ .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu cWoIf / pkfWoIf
eGgfn] ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIf ;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ wf/f @@@ adf]lhdsf] ufpF ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd
kl/0ffd k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq ufpF ;efsf ;b:oxn]
cfk"mdWo]af6 lgjf{lrt u/]sf rf/ hgf dlxnf ;b:o / pkwf/f -%_
106
@)&@.^.#
adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf ePsf blnt jf cNk;+Vos ;d'bfoaf6 ufpF
;efn] lgjf{lrt u/]sf b'O{ hgf ;b:o ;d]t ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf]
;b:o x'g]5g\ .
-%_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm cWoIf, pkfWoIf, j8f
cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfnL gful/s,
-v_ PSsfO; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf],
-u_ ufpFkflnsfsf] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z
ePsf], /
-3_ s'g} sfg"gn] cof]Uo gePsf] .
-^_ cWoIf, pkfWoIf, j8f cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgjf{lrt
ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-&_ cWoIfsf] kbdf b'O{ sfo{sfn lgjf{lrt ePsf] JolQm
ufpFkflnsfsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-*_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf cWoIf, pkfWoIf, j8f cWoIf /
;b:osf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ cWoIfn] pkfWoIf ;dIf / pkfWoIfn] cWoIf;dIf
lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] kbfjlw ;dfKt ePdf,
-(_ cWoIf jf pkfWoIfsf] Ps jif{eGbf a9L kbfjlw afFsL
/x]sf] cj:yfdf pkwf/f -&_ adf]lhd kb l/Qm x'g uPdf afFsL
cjlwsf nflu l/Qm kbsf] k"lt{ pklgjf{rgf/f x'g]5 .
@!^= gu/ sfo{kflnsf k|d'v / pkk|d'v ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ k|To]s
gu/kflnsfdf Ps hgf gu/ sfo{kflnsf k|d'v /xg]5 . lghsf]
cWoIftfdf gu/ sfo{kflnsf u7g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] gu/ sfo{kflnsfdf Ps hgf
pkk|d'v, k|To]s j8faf6 lgjf{lrt j8f cWoIf / pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd lgjf{lrt ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
107
@)&@.^.#
-#_ k|d'v / pkk|d'vsf] lgjf{rg ;DalGwt gu/kflnsf
If]qleqsf dtbftfn] Ps JolQm Ps dtsf] cfwf/df uf]Ko
dtbfgf/f klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd ug]{
5g\ .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu k|d'v / pkk|d'v eGgfn]
gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] k|d'v / pkk|d'v ;Demg' k5{ .
-$_ wf/f @@# adf]lhdsf] gu/ ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd
kl/0ffd k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq gu/ ;efsf ;b:oxn]
cfk"mdWo]af6 lgjf{lrt u/]sf kfFr hgf dlxnf ;b:o / pkwf/f -%_
adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf ePsf blnt jf cNk;+Vos ;d'bfoaf6 gu/
;efn] lgjf{lrt u/]sf tLg hgf ;b:o ;d]t gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf]
;b:o x'g] 5g\ .
-%_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm k|d'v, pkk|d'v, j8f cWoIf
/ ;b:osf] kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfnL gful/s,
-u_ gu/kflnsfsf] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z
ePsf], /
-^_ k|d'v, pkk|d'v, j8f cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgjf{lrt
ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-&_ k|d'vsf] kbdf b'O{ sfo{sfn lgjf{lrt ePsf] JolQm
gu/kflnsfsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-*_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf k|d'v, pkk|d'v, j8f cWoIf /
-s_ k|d'vn] pkk|d'v ;dIf / pkk|d'vn] k|d'v ;dIf
lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
108
@)&@.^.#
-(_ k|d'v jf pkk|d'vsf] Ps jif{eGbf a9L kbfjlw afFsL
/x]sf] cj:yfdf pkwf/f -*_ adf]lhd kb l/Qm x'g uPdf afFsL
cjlwsf nflu l/Qm kbsf] k"lt{ pklgjf{rgf/f x'g]5 .
@!&= Goflos ;ldlt M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd cfgf] clwsf/If]q leqsf
ljjfb lgk0f ug{ ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfn] k|To]s
ufpFkflnsfdf pkfWoIfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf / k|To]s gu/kflnsfdf
pkk|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf tLg ;b:oLo Ps Goflos ;ldlt /xg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Goflos ;ldltdf ufpF ;ef jf
gu/ ;efaf6 cfk"mdWo]af6 lgjf{lrt u/]sf b'O{ hgf ;b:ox
/xg]5g\ .
@!*= ufpF sfo{kflnsf / gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfo{ ;~rfng M ufpF
sfo{kflnsf / gu/ sfo{kflnsfaf6 :jLs[t lgodfjnL adf]lhd ufpF
sfo{kflnsf jf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfo{ ljefhg / sfo{ ;Dkfbg
x'g]5 .
@!(= :yfgLo txsf] sfo{sfl/0fL ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf M o; efudf n]lvP
b]lv afx]s :yfgLo txsf] sfo{sfl/0fL ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf o;
;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@@)= lhNnf ;ef / lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt M -!_ lhNnf leqsf ufpFkflnsf
/ gu/kflnsfxaLr ;dGjo ug{ Ps lhNnf ;ef /xg]5 .
-@_ lhNnf ;efdf lhNnf leqsf ufpF sfo{kflnsf cWoIf /
pkfWoIf tyf gu/ sfo{kflnsf k|d'v / pkk|d'v ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd k|fKt ePsf]
ldltn] tL; lbg leq lhNnf ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s a:g]5 .
-#_ lhNnf ;efn] Ps hgf k|d'v, Ps hgf pkk|d'v, sDtLdf
tLg hgf dlxnf / sDtLdf Ps hgf blnt jf cNk;+Vos ;lxt
a9Ldf gf} hgf ;b:o /x]sf] lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg
ug]{5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltn] lhNnf ;efsf] tkm{af6 ug'{ kg]{
;Dk"0f{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{5 .
-$_ ;DalGwt lhNnfleqsf] ufpF ;ef jf gu/ ;efsf] ;b:o
lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] k|d'v, pkk|d'v jf ;b:o kbsf] pDd]bjf/
x'g of]Uo x'g]5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] k|d'v pkk|d'v jf
;b:osf] kbdf lgjf{lrt ePdf To:tf] JolQmsf] ufpF ;ef jf gu/
;efsf] ;b:o kb :jtM l/Qm x'g]5 .
109
@)&@.^.#
-%_ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] k|d'v, pkk|d'v / ;b:osf]
kbfjlw lgjf{lrt ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] k|d'v,
pkk|d'v jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ k|d'vn] pkk|d'v ;dIf / pkk|d'v jf ;b:on]
k|d'v ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-&_ lhNnf ;efsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M
-s_ lhNnfleqsf ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsf aLr
;dGjo ug]{,
-v_ ljsf; tyf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfo{df ;Gt'ng sfod
ug{ ;f]sf] cg'udg ug]{,
-u_ lhNnfdf /xg] ;+3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no /
ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsf aLr ;dGjo ug]{,
-3_ k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x ug]{ .
-*_ lhNnf ;efsf] ;~rfng, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf
;b:on] kfpg] ;'ljwf tyf lhNnf ;ef ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf k|b]z
110
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!*
:yfgLo Joj:yflksf
@@!= :yfgLo txsf] Joj:yflksLo clwsf/ M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf
/xL :yfgLo txsf] Joj:yflksLo clwsf/ ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efdf
lglxt /xg]5 .
-@_ ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf] Joj:yflksLo clwsf/ cg';"rL
* / cg';"rL( adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@@@= ufpF ;efsf] u7g M -!_ k|To]s ufpFkflnsfdf Ps ufpF ;ef /xg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] ufpF ;efdf ufpF sfo{kflnsf
cWoIf / pkfWoIf, j8f cWoIf / k|To]s j8faf6 lgjf{lrt rf/hgf
;b:o / wf/f @!% sf] pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd blnt jf cNk;+Vos
;d'bfoaf6 lgjf{lrt ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd u7g x'g] ufpF ;efdf k|To]s j8faf6
sDtLdf b'O{hgf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g]5 .
-$_ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd ufpFkflnsfdf /xg] k|To]s j8fdf
j8f cWoIf / rf/hgf ;b:ox /x]sf] j8f ;ldlt u7g x'g]5 .
To:tf] j8f cWoIf / j8f ;b:osf] lgjf{rg klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ c7f/ jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] ufpFkflnsfsf] dtbftf
gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQmnfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"gdf Joj:yf
eP adf]lhd dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm ufpF ;efsf] ;b:osf] kbdf
pDd]bjf/ x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfnL gful/s,
-u_ ufpFkflnsfsf] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z
ePsf], /
-&_ ufpF ;efsf] lgjf{rg / tT;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo
111
@)&@.^.#
@@#= gu/ ;efsf] u7g M -!_ k|To]s gu/kflnsfdf Ps gu/ ;ef /xg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] gu/ ;efdf gu/sfo{kflnsfsf
k|d'v / pkk|d'v, j8f cWoIf / k|To]s j8faf6 lgjf{lrt rf/hgf
;b:o / wf/f @!^ sf] pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd blnt jf cNk;+Vos
;d'bfoaf6 lgjf{lrt gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd u7g x'g] gu/ ;efdf k|To]s
j8faf6 sDtLdf b'O{hgf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g]5 .
-$_ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd gu/kflnsfdf /xg] k|To]s j8fdf
j8f cWoIf / rf/hgf ;b:ox /x]sf] j8f ;ldlt u7g x'g]5 .
To:tf] j8f cWoIf / j8f ;b:osf] lgjf{rg klxnf] x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ c7f/ jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] gu/kflnsfsf] dtbftf
gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z ePsf] JolQmnfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm gu/ ;efsf] ;b:osf] kbdf
pDd]bjf/ x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ g]kfnL gful/s,
-u_ gu/kflnsfsf] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd ;dfj]z
ePsf], /
-&_ gu/ ;efsf] lgjf{rg / tT;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo
@@$= ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf] cWoIf / pkfWoIf M ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf]
cWoIf / pkfWoIf tyf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] k|d'v / pkk|d'vn]
qmdzM ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf] kb]g cWoIf / pkfWoIf eO{ sfo{
;Dkfbg ug]{5 .
@@%= ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf] sfo{sfn M ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf]
sfo{sfn lgjf{rg ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 . To:tf] sfo{sfn
;dfKt ePsf] 5 dxLgfleq csf{] ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf] lgjf{rg
;DkGg ug{' kg{]5 .
112
@)&@.^.#
@@^= sfg"g agfpg ;Sg] M -!_ ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efn] cg';"rL* /
cg';"rL( adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf plNnlvt ljifodf cfjZos sfg"g
agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd sfg"g agfpg] k|lqmof k|b]z sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@@&= ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;ef ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf M ufpF ;ef / gu/
;efsf] ;~rfng, a}7ssf] sfo{ljlw, ;ldlt u7g, ;b:osf] kb l/Qm
x'g] cj:yf, ufpF ;ef / gu/ ;efsf ;b:on] kfpg] ;'ljwf,
ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfsf] sd{rf/L / sfof{no ;DaGwL cGo
Joj:yf k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
113
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu!(
:yfgLo cfly{s sfo{k|0ffnL
@@*= s/ nufpg jf C0f lng gkfOg] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s :yfgLo
txdf s'g} s/ nufpg, p7fpg / C0f lng kfOg] 5}g .
-@_ :yfgLo txn] cfgf] clwsf/ If]qleqsf] ljifodf /fli6o
cfly{s gLlt, j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cf];f/ k;f/, k"FhL tyf >d ahf/,
l5d]sL k|b]z jf :yfgLo txnfO{ k|lts"n gx'g] u/L sfg"g agfO{ s/
nufpg ;Sg]5 .
@@(= :yfgLo ;l~rt sf]if M -!_ :yfgLo tx cGtu{tsf k|To]s ufpFkflnsf
/ gu/kflnsfdf Ps :yfgLo ;l~rt sf]if /xg]5 . To:tf] sf]ifdf
ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsfnfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] /fh:j, g]kfn
;/sf/ / k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] cg'bfg tyf ufpFkflnsf jf
gu/kflnsfn] lnPsf] C0f /sd / cGo ;|f]taf6 k|fKt x'g] /sd
hDdf x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] :yfgLo ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 ug{
;lsg] vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf :yfgLo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@#)= ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfsf] /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg M -!_ o;
;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL ufpF sfo{kflnsf / gu/ sfo{kflnsfn]
k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg :yfgLo sfg"g
adf]lhd ufpF ;ef jf gu/ ;efdf k]z u/L kfl/t u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ufpF sfo{kflnsf jf gu/
sfo{kflnsfn] /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg k]z ubf{ 3f6f ah]6 lgdf{0f
ug'{ kg]{ ePdf ;+3Lo sfg"g / k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd 3f6f k"lt{ ug]{
;|f]t ;d]tsf] k|:tfj ug'{ kg]{5 .
114
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@)
;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx aLr cGt/;DaGw
@#!= ;+3 / k|b]z aLrsf] Joj:yflksLo cGt/;DaGw M -!_ ;+3Lo sfg"g
g]kfne/ jf cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfnsf] s'g} If]qdf dfq nfu" x'g]
u/L agfpg ;lsg]5 .
-@_ k|b]z sfg"g k|b]ze/ jf cfjZostf cg';f/ k|b]zsf] s'g}
If]qdf dfq nfu" x'g] u/L agfpg ;lsg]5 .
-#_ b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L k|b]zn] cg';"rL^ df plNnlvt s'g}
ljifodf sfg"g agfpg g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf cg'/f]w u/]df ;+3Lo
;+;bn] cfjZos sfg"g agfpg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] sfg"g ;DalGwt
k|b]zsf] xsdf dfq nfu" x'g]5 .
@#@= ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx aLrsf] ;DaGw M -!_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo
tx aLrsf] ;DaGw ;xsfl/tf, ;xcl:tTj / ;dGjosf] l;4fGtdf
cfwfl/t x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fli6o dxTjsf ljifodf / k|b]zx aLr
;dGjo ug'{kg]{ ljifodf k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbnfO{ of] ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo
sfg"g adf]lhd cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgb]{zgsf]
kfng ug'{ ;DalGwt k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ s'g} k|b]zdf g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf,
/fli6otf jf :jfwLgtfdf uDeL/ c;/ kg]{ lsl;dsf] sfo{ ePdf
/fi6kltn] To:tf] k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;r]t
u/fpg, k|b]z dlGqkl/ifb / k|b]z ;efnfO{ a9Ldf 5 dxLgf;Dd
lgnDag ug{ jf lj36g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd s'g} k|b]z dlGqkl/ifb / k|b]z ;ef
lgnDag jf lj36g u/]sf]df To:tf] sfo{ k}+tL; lbg leq ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ax'dtaf6
cg'df]bg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] lj36g ;DaGwL sfo{ ;+3Lo
;+;baf6 cg'df]bg ePdf To:tf] k|b]zdf 5 dxLgfleq k|b]z ;efsf]
lgjf{rg x'g]5 .
115
@)&@.^.#
t/ ;+3Lo ;+;baf6 cg'df]bg gePdf To:tf] lgnDag jf
lj36g ;DaGwL sfo{ :jtM lgliqmo x'g]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] lgnDag pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhd cg'df]bg ePdf To:tf] lgnDagsf] cjlwe/ / pkwf/f -%_
adf]lhd k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rg geP;Ddsf nflu To:tf] k|b]zdf
;+3Lo zf;g sfod /xg]5 .
-&_ ;+3Lo zf;g sfod /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+3Lo ;+;bn]
cg';"rL^ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] ljifodf sfg"g agfpg ;Sg]5 .
To:tf] sfg"g ;DalGwt k|b]z ;efn] csf{] sfg"g agfO{ vf/]h
gu/];Dd axfn /xg]5 .
-*_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfkm} jf k|b]z ;/sf/ dfkm{t ufpF
sfo{kflnsf jf gu/ sfo{kflnsfnfO{ of] ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd cfjZos ;xof]u ug{ / lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf]
lgb{]zgsf] kfng ug{' ufpF sfo{kflnsf jf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] st{Jo
x'g]5 .
@##= k|b]zk|b]z aLrsf] ;DaGw M -!_ Ps k|b]zn] csf]{ k|b]zsf] sfg"gL
Joj:yf jf Goflos Pj+ k|zf;sLo lg0f{o jf cfb]zsf] sfof{Gjogdf
;xof]u ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ Ps k|b]zn] csf]{ k|b]z;Fu ;femf rf;f], ;/f]sf/ / lxtsf]
ljifodf ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{, k/fdz{ ug{, cfgf] sfo{ /
ljwfogsf af/]df cfk;df ;dGjo ug{ / cfk;L ;xof]u lj:tf/ ug{
;Sg]5 .
-#_ Ps k|b]zn] csf]{ k|b]zsf] afl;GbfnfO{ cfgf] k|b]zsf]
sfg"g adf]lhd ;dfg ;'/Iff, Jojxf/ / ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
@#$= cGt/ k|b]z kl/ifb M -!_ ;+3 / k|b]z aLr tyf k|b]zk|b]z aLr
pTkGg /fhgLlts ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Ps cGt/
k|b]z kl/ifb /xg]5 M
-s_ k|wfgdGqL cWoIf
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf u[xdGqL ;b:o
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf cy{dGqL ;b:o
116
@)&@.^.#
-3_ ;DalGwt k|b]zsf d'VodGqL ;b:o
-@_ cGt/ k|b]z kl/ifbsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ a:g]5 .
-#_ cGt/ k|b]z kl/ifbn] cfgf] j}7sdf ljjfbsf] ljifo;Fu
;DalGwt g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dGqL / ;DalGwt k|b]zsf] dGqL tyf
ljz]if1nfO{ cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ cGt/ k|b]z kl/ifbsf] a}7s ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw ;f] kl/ifb
cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@#%= ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx aLrsf] ;dGjo M -!_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo
tx aLr ;dGjo sfod ug{ ;+3Lo ;+;bn] cfjZos sfg"g
agfpg]5 .
-@_ k|b]z, ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsf aLr ;dGjo sfod ug{
/ s'g} /fhgLlts ljjfb pTkGg ePdf k|b]z ;efn] ;DalGwt
ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt;Fu ;dGjo u/L
To:tf] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ k|lqmof /
sfo{ljlw k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@#^= cGt/ k|b]z Jofkf/ M o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg Ps k|b]z jf :yfgLo txaf6 csf]{ k|b]z jf :yfgLo txsf]
If]qdf x'g] j:t'sf] 9'jfgL jf ;]jfsf] lj:tf/ jf s'g} k|b]z jf :yfgLo
txsf] If]qdf x'g] j:t'sf] 9'jfgL jf ;]jfsf] lj:tf/df s'g} lsl;dsf]
afwf cj/f]w ug{ jf s'g} s/, z'Ns, b:t'/ jf dx;"n nufpg jf
To:tf] ;]jf jf j:t'sf] 9'jfgL jf lj:tf/df s'g} lsl;dsf] e]befj
ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
@#&= ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;sf] clwsf/ If]qdf c;/ gkg]{ M
o; efudf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] wf/f !#& adf]lhdsf] ;jf{]Rr
cbfntsf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;sf] clwsf/ If]qdf s'g} c;/ kg]{ 5}g .
117
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@!
clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u
@#*= clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps clVtof/
b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u /xg]5 h;df k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo rf/
hgf cfo'Qmx /xg]5g\ . k|d'v cfo'Qmn] clVtof/ b'?kof]u
cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] cWoIf eO{ sfd ug{]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|d'v cfo'Qm /
cfo'Qmsf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw lgo'lQmsf] ldltn] 5
jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf]
s'g} cj:yfdf k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qmsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
kfl/t ePdf,
sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ c;dy{ /x]sf] egL ;+j}wflgs
kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6kltn] kbd'Qm u/]df,
-_ lghsf] d[To' ePdf .
-%_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|d'v cfo'Qm tyf cfo'Qmsf]
k'gM lgo'lQm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
t/ cfo'QmnfO{ k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg]5 /
To:tf] cfo'Qm k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'Qm ePdf lghsf] kbfjlw
u0fgf ubf{ cfo'Qm ePsf] cjlwnfO{ ;d]t hf]8L u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm clVtof/ b'?kof]u
cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu
of]Uo x'g]5 M
118
@)&@.^.#
-s_ dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gfts pkflw k|fKt
u/]sf],
-v_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avt s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] ;b:o
g/x]sf],
-u_ n]vf, /fh:j, OlGhlgol/, sfg"g, ljsf; jf
cg';Gwfgsf] If]qdf sDtLdf aL; jif{ sfd u/L cg'ej
/ Voflt k|fKt u/]sf],
-3_ k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /
-_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf] .
-&_ k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo
sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . k|d'v cfo'Qm / cfo'Qm cfgf] kbdf axfn
/x];Dd lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ kl/jt{g
ul/g] 5}g .
t/ r/d cfly{s lj>[+Vfntfsf sf/0f ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff ePsf]
-*_ k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qm eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L
;]jfdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
t/ s'g} /fhgLlts kbdf jf s'g} ljifosf] cg';Gwfg, hfFra'em
jf 5fgaLg ug]{ jf s'g} ljifosf] cWoog jf cGj]if0f u/L /fo,
dGtJo jf l;kmfl/; k]z ug]{ s'g} kbdf lgo'Qm eO{ sfd ug{ o;
pkwf/fdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
@#(= clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_
s'g} ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQmn] e|i6frf/ u/L clVtof/sf]
b'?kof]u u/]sf] ;DaGwdf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un]
sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
t/ o; ;+ljwfgdf 5'} Joj:yf ePsf] kbflwsf/L / cGo
sfg"gn] 5'} ljz]if Joj:yf u/]sf] kbflwsf/Lsf] xsdf of] pkwf/f
nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ wf/f !)! adf]lhd dxfleof]u k|:tfj kfl/t eO{ kbd'Qm
x'g] JolQm, Gofo kl/ifbaf6 kbd'Qm x'g] GofofwLz / ;}lgs P]g
119
@)&@.^.#
adf]lhd sf/afxL x'g] JolQmsf xsdf lgh kbd'Qm eO;s]kl5 ;+3Lo
sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg ug{ jf u/fpg ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd ePsf] cg';Gwfgaf6
;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] s'g} JolQmn] sfg"g adf]lhd e|i6frf/
dflgg] s'g} sfd u/]sf] b]lvPdf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg
cfof]un] To:tf] JolQm / ;f] ck/fwdf ;+nUg cGo JolQm pk/ sfg"g
adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd ePsf] cg';Gwfgaf6
;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQmsf] sfd sf/afxL cGo clwsf/L jf
lgsfosf] clwsf/If]q cGtu{t kg{] k|s[ltsf] b]lvPdf clVtof/
b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cfjZos sf/afxLsf nflu ;DalGwt
clwsf/L jf lgsfo ;dIf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cg';Gwfg ug]{ jf
d'2f rnfpg] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ k|d'v cfo'Qm, s'g} cfo'Qm jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] clws[t
sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf kfng ug{] u/L
k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo
/ clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
120
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@@
dxfn]vf k/LIfs
@$)= dxfn]vf k/LIfs M -!_ g]kfndf Ps dxfn]vf k/LIfs x'g]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df dxfn]vf
k/LIfssf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .
-#_ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] kbfjlw lgo'lQmsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf]
x'g]5 .
s'g} cj:yfdf dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
kfl/t ePdf,
-%_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] k'gM
lgo'lQm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf]] JolQm dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] kbdf
lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 Joj:yfkg, jfl0fHozf:q
jf n]vfdf :gfts pkflw k|fKt u/L jf rf6{8{
PsfpG6]G;L k/LIff pQL0f{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljlzi6
>]0fLsf] kbdf sfd u/]sf] jf n]vf k/LIf0f ;DaGwL
sfddf sDtLdf aL; jif{ cg'ej k|fKt u/]sf],
g/x]sf],
-u_ k}Ftfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /
121
@)&@.^.#
-3_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf] .
-&_ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 . dxfn]vf k/LIfs cfgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd
lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
-*_ dxfn]vf k/LIfs eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf
lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
@$!= dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ /fi6klt /
pk/fi6kltsf] sfof{no, ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+3Lo ;+;b, k|b]z ;ef,
k|b]z ;/sf/, :yfgLo tx, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo jf ;f]sf] sfof{no,
cbfnt, dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no / g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf
;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn nufotsf ;a} ;+3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L
sfof{nosf] n]vf sfg"g adf]lhd lgoldttf, ldtJolotf, sfo{bIftf,
k|efjsfl/tf / cf}lrTo ;d]tsf] ljrf/ u/L dxfn]vf k/LIfsaf6
n]vfk/LIf0f x'g]5 .
-@_ krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ jf hfoh]yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/
jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0fsf
nflu n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ubf{ dxfn]vf k/LIfs;Fu k/fdz{ ul/g]5 .
To:tf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ l;4fGtsf]
;DaGwdf dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ dxfn]vf k/LIfsnfO{ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfdsf nflu
n]vf ;DaGwL sfuhkq h'g;'s} avt x]g{ kfpg] clwsf/ x'g]5 .
dxfn]vf k/LIfs jf To;sf s'g} sd{rf/Ln] dfu u/]sf] h'g;'s}
sfuhkq tyf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg' ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf]
st{Jo x'g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd n]vfk/LIf0f ul/g] n]vf ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf /flvg]5 .
122
@)&@.^.#
-%_ pkwf/f -!_ df pNn]v ePsf sfof{noxsf] n]vfsf
cltl/Qm cGo s'g} sfof{no jf ;+:yfsf] dxfn]vf k/LIfsaf6
n]vfk/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{ u/L ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd Joj:yf ug{
;lsg]5 .
123
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@#
nf]s ;]jf cfof]u
@$@= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u /xg]5 h;df
cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df nf]s ;]jf
cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug{]5 .
-#_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf ;b:oxdWo] sDtLdf krf; k|ltzt
;b:o aL; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlw;Dd s'g} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf /x]sf
JolQmx dWo]af6 / afFsL ;b:ox lj1fg, k|ljlw, snf, ;flxTo,
sfg"g, hgk|zf;g, ;dfhzf:q jf /fli6o hLjgsf cGo If]qdf zf]w,
cg';Gwfg, cWofkg jf cGo s'g} dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ u/L Voflt k|fKt
u/]sf JolQmx dWo]af6 lgo'Qm x'g]5g\ .
-$_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm
ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] k'gM
t/ ;b:onfO{ cWoIfsf] kbdf lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg]5 / To:tf]
;b:o cWoIfsf] kbdf lgo'lQm ePdf lghsf] kbfjlw u0fgf ubf{
;b:o ePsf] cjlwnfO{ ;d]t hf]8L u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf]
s'g} cj:yfdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
kfl/t ePdf,
124
@)&@.^.#
-&_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf
jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gftsf]Q/ pkflw k|fKt
u/]sf],
g/x]sf],
-u_ k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /
-*_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds /
;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf
/ ;b:o cfgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghxnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L
kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
-(_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:o eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo
;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
@$#= nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf]
kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{ k/LIff ;~rfng
ug'{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb
eGgfn] ;}lgs jf g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfnsf]
sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf] kb tyf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb xf]Og egL P]g
adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cGo ;]jfsf] kb afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/sf c? ;a}
;]jfsf] kb ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb afx]s g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L,
;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn, cGo ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jf / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf]
125
@)&@.^.#
kbdf kbk"lt{sf nflu lnO{g] lnlvt k/LIff nf]s;]jf cfof]un]
;~rfng ug{]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; wf/fsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;+ul7t ;+:yf eGgfn]
ljZjljBfno / lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u afx]ssf krf; k|ltzt jf ;f]
eGbf a9L z]o/ jf hfoh]yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj jf lgoGq0f
ePsf] ;+:yfg, sDkgL, a}+s, ;ldlt jf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt
jf g]kfn ;/sf/f/f ul7t cfof]u, ;+:yfg, k|flws/0f, lgud,
k|lti7fg, af]8{, s]Gb|, kl/ifb / o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ;+ul7t ;+:yf
;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn / cGo
;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jfsf kbdf a9'jf ubf{ ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo
l;4fGtsf] ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' kg{]5 .
-$_ s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf zt{
;DaGwL sfg"g / To:tf] ;]jfsf kbdf a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/afxL ubf{
ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{
lng' kg{]5 .
-%_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] kbdf nf]s ;]jf
cfof]usf] k/fdz{ ljgf :yfoL lgo'lQm ul/g] 5}g .
-^_ b]xfosf ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' kg]{5 M
-s_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] ljifodf,
-v_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf jf kbdf lgo'lQm, a9'jf /
ljefuLo sf/afxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ l;4fGtsf]
ljifodf,
-u_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf 5 dxLgfeGbf a9L
;dosf nflu lgo'lQm ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf]
ljifodf,
-3_ s'g} Ps k|sf/sf] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 csf]{
k|sf/sf] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf jf cGo ;/sf/L
;]jfaf6 ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfdf ;?jf jf a9'jf ubf{
jf s'g} k|b]zsf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 ;+3Lo
lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf jf ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf]
126
@)&@.^.#
kbaf6 k|b]z lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf ;]jf kl/jt{g jf
:yfgfGt/0f ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf,
-_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' gkg]{ cj:yfsf] kbdf
axfn /x]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{
lng' kg]{ cj:yfsf] kbdf :yfoL ;?jf jf a9'jf ug]{
ljifodf, /
-r_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ lbOg] ljefuLo
;hfosf] ljifodf .
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg wf/f
!%$ adf]lhdsf] Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] clwsf/ If]qleq kg{] ljifodf
;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-*_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo]
s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf s'g} ;b:o jf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf
kfng ug]{ u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-(_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;+3Lo
@$$= k|b]z nf]s ;]jf cfof]u ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ k|To]s k|b]zdf k|b]z
nf]s ;]jf cfof]u /xg]5 .
-@_ k|b]z nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] u7g, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;+3Lo ;+;bn] sfg"g
agfO{ cfwf/ / dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ug{]5 .
127
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@$
lgjf{rg cfof]u
@$%= lgjf{rg cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps lgjf{rg cfof]u /xg]5 h;df
k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo rf/ hgf cfo'Qm /xg]5g\ . k|d'v lgjf{rg
cfo'Qmn] lgjf{rg cfof]usf] cWoIf eO{ sfd ug{]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|d'v lgjf{rg
cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw
lgo'lQm ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .
s'g} cj:yfdf k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
kfl/t ePdf,
-%_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm tyf
cfo'Qmsf] k'gM lgol'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
t/ cfo'QmnfO{ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQm ug{
;lsg]5 / To:tf] cfo'Qm k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQm
ePdf lghsf] kbfjlw u0fgf ubf{ cfo'Qm ePsf] cjlwnfO{ ;d]t
hf]8L u0fgf ul/g]5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm jf
lgjf{rg cfo'Qm kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
128
@)&@.^.#
-s_ dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gfts pkflw k|fKt
u/]sf],
g/x]sf],
-&_ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qmsf]] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf
zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5g\ . k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qm
cfgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd lghxnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds /
;]jfsf zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
-*_ lgjf{rg cfof]usf] k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm / cfo'Qm
eO;s]sf] JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g]
5}g .
@$^= lgjf{rg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ lgjf{rg cfof]un]
o; ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL /fi6klt, pk/fi6klt,
;+3Lo ;+;bsf ;b:o, k|b]z ;efsf ;b:o, :yfgLo txsf ;b:osf]
lgjf{rgsf]] ;+rfng, /]vb]v, lgb]{zg / lgoGq0f ug{]5 . lgjf{rgsf]
k|of]hgsf nflu dtbftfsf] gfdfjnL tof/ ug{] sfo{ lgjf{rg
cfof]un] ug{]5 .
-@_ lgjf{rg cfof]un] o; ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
/fli6o dxTjsf] ljifodf hgdt ;+u|x u/fpg]5 .
-#_ /fi6klt, pk/fi6klt, ;+3Lo ;+;bsf ;b:o, k|b]z ;ef
;b:o jf :yfgLo txsf ;b:osf nflu pDd]bjf/Lsf] dgf]gog btf{
eO;s]sf] t/ lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff eO{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf s'g}
pDd]bjf/sf] of]Uotf ;DaGwdf s'g} k|Zg p7]df To;sf] lg0f{o
lgjf{rg cfof]un] ug]{5 .
129
@)&@.^.#
-$_ lgjf{rg cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo] s'g}
sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm, s'g} lgjf{rg cfo'Qm
jf ;/sf/L sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf
kfng ug]{ u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ lgjf{rg cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf
@$&= cfjZos ;xof]u ug{' kg{] M o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{
cfgf] sfd k"/f ug{ cfjZos kg{] sd{rf/L / cGo ;xof]u g]kfn
;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ / :yfgLo ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg]5 .
130
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@%
/fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u
@$*= /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps /fli6o dfgj
clwsf/ cfof]u /xg]5 h;df cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf ;b:o
/xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6o dfgj
clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] k'gM
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf]
s'g} cj:yfdf /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf]
kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-v_ lghsf] lj?4 wf/f !)! adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj
kfl/t ePdf,
-u_ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0f ;]jfdf /xL
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm /fli6o dfgj clwsf/
cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ cWoIfsf] xsdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+jw{gsf]
If]qdf ljlzi6 of]ubfg k'ofPsf k|wfg GofofwLz jf
;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] kbaf6 ;]jflgj[Q
JolQm jf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g jf /fli6o
131
@)&@.^.#
hLjgsf ljleGg If]qdf sDtLdf aL; jif{ lqmofzLn
/xL ljlzi6 of]ubfg k'ofO{ Vofltk|fKt u/]sf],
-v_ ;b:osf] xsdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g,
afnaflnsfsf] xslxtsf] If]qdf sfo{/t jf /fli6o
hLjgsf ljleGg If]qdf sDtLdf aL; jif{ lqmofzLn
/xL ljlzi6 of]ubfg k'ofO{ Vofltk|fKt u/]sf],
-u_ dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gfts pkflw xfl;n
u/]sf],
-3_ k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f u/]sf],
-_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avt /fhgLlts bnsf] ;b:o g/x]sf],
-r_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf] .
-&_ /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf]
kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 . /fli6o dfgj
clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:o cfgf] kbdf axfn /x];Dd
lghxnfO{ dsf{ kg{] u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g]
5}g .
-*_ /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o
5}g .
@$(= /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ dfgj
clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;+jw{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt ug'{ /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] st{Jo
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df plNnlvt st{Jo k"/f ug{ nflu /fli6o
dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] b]xfo adf]lhdsf sfd ug{]5 M
132
@)&@.^.#
-s_ s'g} JolQm jf ;d"xsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g jf
To;sf] b'?T;fxg ePsf]df kLl8t cfkm}+ jf lghsf]
tk{maf6 s;}n] cfof]u ;dIf k|:t't jf k|]lift u/]sf]
lgj]bg jf ph"/L jf s'g} ;|f]taf6 cfof]unfO{ k|fKt
ePsf] jf cfof]usf] hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] ljifodf
5fglag tyf cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifL pk/ sf/afxL ug{
l;kmfl/; ug{],
-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g x'gaf6 /f]Sg] lhDd]jf/L jf
st{Jo ePsf] kbflwsf/Ln] cfgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]df
jf st{Jo kfng gu/]df jf lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ jf
st{Jo kfng ug{ pbf;Lgtf b]vfPdf To:tf] kbflwsf/L
pk/ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ ;DalGwt clwsf/L ;dIf
l;kmfl/; ug{],
-u_ dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g ug{] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf lj?4
d'2f rnfpg' kg{] cfjZostf ePdf sfg"g adf]lhd
cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{],
-3_ dfgj clwsf/sf] r]tgf clej[l4 ug{ gful/s
;dfh;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{],
-_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gstf{nfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL
tyf ;hfo ug{ sf/0f / cfwf/ v'nfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfo
;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-r_ dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"gsf] cfjlws kdf
k'g/fjnf]sg ug{] tyf To;df ug'{ kg{] ;'wf/ tyf
;+zf]wgsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/;
ug{],
-5_ dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt cGt/f{li6o ;lGw jf
;Demf}tfsf] g]kfn kIf aGg' kg{] ePdf To;sf]
sf/0f;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] / g]kfn
kIf alg;s]sf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog eP jf
gePsf] cg'udg u/L sfof{Gjog gePsf] kfOPdf
To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/;
ug{],
133
@)&@.^.#
-h_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gsf ;DaGwdf /fli6o dfgj
clwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; jf lgb{]zg kfng jf
sfof{Gjog gug{] kbflwsf/L, JolQm jf lgsfosf] gfd
sfg"g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs u/L dfgj clwsf/
pNn+3gstf{sf] kdf clen]v /fVg] .
-#_ dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ jf
st{Jo kfng ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfof]u ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ hfgsf/L
jf aofg lng] jf askq u/fpg], k|df0f a'g], bzL
k|df0f bflvnf ug{ nufpg] ;DaGwdf cbfntnfO{ eP
;/xsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{],
-v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNn+3g x'g nfu]sf] jf
eO;s]sf] ;"rgf cfof]un] s'g} lsl;daf6 k|fKt u/]df
s'g} JolQm jf lghsf] cfjf; jf sfof{nodf ljgf
;"rgf k|j]z ug{], vfgtnf;L lng] tyf To;/L
vfgtnf;L ln+bf dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g;Fu
;DalGwt lnvt, k|df0f jf ;a't sAhfdf lng],
-u_ s'g} JolQmsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g eO/x]sf] s'/f
hfgsf/L eO{ tTsfn sf/afxL ug{' kg{] cfjZos
b]lvPdf ljgf ;"rgf ;/sf/L sfof{no jf cGo 7fpFdf
k|j]z ug{] / p4f/ ug{],
-3_ dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3gaf6 kLl8tnfO{ sfg"g
adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ lbg cfb]z lbg] .
-$_ /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;f] cfof]usf] cWoIf, s'g}
;b:o jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL
k|of]u tyf kfng ug{] u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
134
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@^
/fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
@%)= /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps /fli6o
k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u /xg]5 h;df cWoIf ;lxt a9Ldf
kfFr hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6o
k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] cWoIf /
;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .
s'g} cj:yfdf /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf cWoIf jf
kfl/t ePdf,
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf]] JolQm /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf
ljQ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo
x'g]5 M
135
@)&@.^.#
-s_ dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;DalGwt ljifodf
:gfts pkflw xfl;n u/L k|fs[lts ;|f]t jf ljQ
Joj:yfkg, cy{zf:q, sfg"g, Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf
sDtLdf aL; jif{ lqmofzLn /xL ljz]if1tf xfl;n
u/]sf],
g/x]sf],
-&_ /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf cWoIf /
;b:osf] kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 /
lghx axfn /x];Dd lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf
zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
-*_ /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o
5}g .
@%!= /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M
-!_ /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ ;+ljwfg / sfg"g adf]lhd ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 ;+3,
k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/aLr /fh:jsf] afF8kmfF8 ug]{
lj:t[t cfwf/ / 9fFrf lgwf{/0f ug]{,
-v_ ;+3Lo ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{
k|bfg ul/g] ;dfgLs/0f cg'bfg ;DaGwdf l;kmfl/;
ug]{,
136
@)&@.^.#
-u_ /fli6o gLlt tyf sfo{qmd, dfgs, k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf
cg';f/ k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ;zt{
cg'bfgsf] ;DaGwdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L cfwf/
tof/ ug]{,
-3_ k|b]z ;l~rt sf]ifaf6 k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/aLr
/fh:jsf] afF8kmfF8 ug]{ lj:t[t cfwf/ / 9fFrf lgwf{/0f
ug]{,
-_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] vr{ lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{]
/ /fh:j c;'nLdf ;'wf/ ug'{ kg]{ pkfoxsf] l;kmfl/;
ug]{,
-r_ ;dli6ut cfly{s ;"rsxsf] ljZn]if0f u/L ;+3, k|b]z
/ :yfgLo ;/sf/n] lng ;Sg] cfGtl/s C0fsf] ;Ldf
l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-5_ ;+3 / k|b]z ;/sf/sf] /fh:j afF8kmfF8 cfwf/sf]
k'g/fjnf]sg u/L kl/dfh{gsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-h_ k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] kl/rfng ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z
;/sf/ / :yfgLo txsf] nufgL tyf k|ltkmnsf] lx:;f
lgwf{/0fsf] cfwf/ to u/L l;kmfl/; ug{],
-em_ k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] afF8kmfF8 ;DaGwL ljifodf ;+3 /
k|b]z, k|b]z / k|b]z, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx tyf :yfgLo
txx aLr p7\g ;Sg] ;+efljt ljjfbsf] ljifodf
cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L To;sf] lgjf/0f ug{
;dGjofTds kdf sfd ug{ ;'emfj lbg] .
-@_ /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf]
afF8kmfF8 ubf{ ;f];Fu ;DalGwt jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"Nof+sg ;DaGwdf
cfjZos cWoog / cg';Gwfg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/;
ug]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] cGo sfd,
st{Jo / clwsf/, k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] kl/rfng ubf{ jf /fh:jsf]
afF8kmfF8 ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lj:t[t cfwf/, cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lxsf]
;]jfsf zt{ nufot cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
137
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@&
cGo cfof]ux
@%@= /fli6o dlxnf cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps /fli6o dlxnf cfof]u
/xg]5 . h;df cWoIf / cGo rf/hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6o dlxnf
cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw
s'g} cj:yfdf /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
-u_ lghsf] lj?4 wf/f !)! adf]lhd dxfleof]u k|:tfj
kfl/t ePdf,
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf]
cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ sDtLdf bz jif{ dlxnfsf] xs, lxt jf n}+lus Gofo jf
dlxnf ljsf; jf dfgj clwsf/ / sfg"gsf] If]qdf
dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofPsf] dlxnf,
138
@)&@.^.#
-v_ cWoIfsf] xsdf dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gfts
pkflw xfl;n u/]sf],
-u_ k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f u/]sf],
-3_ lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf] avt s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] ;b:o
g/x]sf], /
-&_ /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds /
;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 / lghx axfn /x];Dd
-*_ /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o eO;s]sf] JolQm
cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
@%#= /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ /fli6o dlxnf
cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ dlxnfsf] xs lxt;Fu ;/f]sf/ /fVg] gLlt tyf
sfo{qmdsf] th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug]{,
-v_ dlxnfsf] xs lxt;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"g jf g]kfn kIf
ePsf] cGt/f{li6o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] bfloTj
sfof{Gjog eP jf gePsf] ljifodf cg'udg u/L
To;sf] k|efjsf/L kfng jf sfof{Gjogsf] pkfo ;lxt
g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],
-u_ dlxnfnfO{ /fli6o ljsf;sf] d"n k|jfxdf ;dflxt ug{
tyf /fHosf ;a} lgsfodf ;dfg'kflts ;xeflutf
;'lglZrt ug{ df}h"bf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] ;dLIff,
139
@)&@.^.#
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug]{ / To;sf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjogsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-3_ n}+lus ;dfgtf, dlxnf ;zQmLs/0f tyf dlxnf;Fu
;DalGwt sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg u/L
To:tf sfg"gdf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt
lgsfonfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ / ;f]sf] cg'udg ug]{,
-_ dlxnf clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt g]kfn kIf ePsf]
cGt/f{li6o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] Joj:yf
adf]lhd g]kfnn] k7fpg' kg]{ k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],
-r_ dlxnf lx+;f jf ;fdflhs s'/Lltaf6 kLl8t ePsf] jf
dlxnf clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ glbPsf] jf jl~rt u/]sf]
ljifodf s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yf lj?4 d'2f bfo/ ug'{kg]{
cfjZostf b]lvPdf sfg"g adf]lhd cbfntdf d'2f
bfo/ ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfo ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{ .
-@_ /fli6o dlxnf cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf, s'g} ;b:o jf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL
k|of]u tyf kfng ug{] u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ /fli6o dlxnf cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyf
tt\;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@%$= k|b]zdf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg] M /fli6o dlxnf cfof]un]
cfjZostf cg';f/ k|b]zdf cfgf] sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@%%= /fli6o blnt cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps /fli6o blnt cfof]u /xg]5
h;df cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6o blnt
cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o blnt cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw
s'g} cj:yfdf /fli6o blnt cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5 M
140
@)&@.^.#
kfl/t ePdf,
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm /fli6o blnt cfof]usf]
cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ sDtLdf bz jif{ blnt ;d'bfosf] xs lxt jf dfgj
clwsf/ / sfg"gsf] If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofPsf]
blnt,
-v_ cWoIfsf] xsdf dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 sDtLdf
:gfts pkflw k|fKt u/]sf],
-u_ k}Ftfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf],
g/x]sf], /
-&_ /fli6o blnt cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds /
;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 / lghnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ u/L
kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{ kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g .
141
@)&@.^.#
-*_ /fli6o blnt cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o eO;s]sf] JolQm
cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
@%^= /fli6o blnt cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ /fli6o blnt
cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
-s_ blnt ;d'bfosf] ;du| l:yltsf] cWoog tyf cGj]if0f
u/L tt\;DaGwdf ug{' kg{] gLltut, sfg"gL / ;+:Yffut
;'wf/sf ljifo klxrfg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/;
ug{],
-v_ hftLo 5'jf5"t, pTkL8g / lje]bsf] cGTo u/L blnt
pTyfg / ljsf;sf nflu blnt lxt;Fu ;/f]sf/ /fVg]
/fli6o gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogsf
nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k]]z ug{],
-u_ blnt ;d'bfosf] pTyfg tyf lxtdf ePsf ljz]if
Joj:yf nufot blnt lxt;Fu ;DjlGwt sfg"gsf]
k|efjsf/L kdf kfngf eP jf gePsf] ljifodf
cg'udg u/L kfngf jf sfof{Gjog gePsf] eP ;f]sf]
kfngf jf sfof{Gjogsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf
;'emfa lbg],
-3_ blnt ;d'bfosf] clwsf/;+u ;DalGwt g]kfn kIf
ePsf] cGt/f{li6o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] Joj:yf
adf]lhd g]kfnn] k7fpg' kg]{ k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],
-_ blnt ;d'bfonfO{ /fli6o ljsf;sf] d"n k|jfxdf
;dflxt ug{ tyf /fHosf ;a} c+uxdf ;dfg'kflts
;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug{ df}h"bf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf]]
;dLIff, cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug]{ / ;f]sf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjogsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-r_ hftLo e]befj tyf 5"jf5"t jf ;fdflhs s'/Lltaf6
kLl8t ePsf] jf blntsf] xs k|of]u ug{ glbPsf] jf
142
@)&@.^.#
jl~rt u/]sf] ljifodf s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yf lj?4 d'2f
bfo/ ug{' kg{] cfjZostf b]lvPdf sfg"g adf]lhd
cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfo ;dIf
l;kmfl/; ug{] .
-@_ /fli6o blnt cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo]
s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf, s'g} ;b:o jf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf
kfng ug{] u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ /fli6o blnt cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyf
@%&= k|b]zdf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg] M /fli6o blnt cfof]un]
@%*= /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]u
/xg]5 h;df cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf;Dd ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6o
;dfj]zL cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw
s'g} cj:yfdf /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm
ePsf] dflgg]5 M
kfl/t ePdf,
143
@)&@.^.#
-^_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf]
cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'lQm x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
-s_ sDtLdf bz jif{ ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f, ckf+utf
ePsf JolQm, cNk;+Vos Pj+ ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo tyf
lk5l8Psf] If]q / ju{sf] xs lxt jf ljsf; jf dfgj
clwsf/sf] If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofPsf],
-v_ cWoIfsf] xsdf dfGotfk|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gfts
pkflw xfl;n u/]sf],
-u_ k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f u/]sf],
g/x]sf], /
-&_ /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf] cWoIf / ;b:osf] kfl/>lds /
;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 / lgh axfn /x];Dd
-*_ /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:o eO;s]sf]
JolQm cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'lQmsf nflu u|fXo x'g] 5}g .
@%(= /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ /fli6o
;dfj]zL cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
144
@)&@.^.#
-s_ v; cfo{, lk58f ju{, ckf+utf ePsf JolQm, Ho]i7
gful/s, >lds, ls;fg, cNk;+Vos Pj+ ;LdfGtLs[t
;d'bfo tyf lk5l8Psf] ju{ / s0ff{nL tyf cfly{s
kn] ljkGg ju{ nufotsf ;d'bfosf] xs clwsf/sf]
;+/If0fsf nflu cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug{],
-v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt ;d'bfo, ju{ / If]qsf]
;dfj]zLs/0fsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] cjnDag u/]sf]
gLlt tyf sfg"gsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yfsf] cWoog u/L
;'wf/sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],
-u_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt ;d'bfo, ju{ / If]qsf]] /fHo
;+oGqdf plrt k|ltlglwTj eP gePsf] cWoog u/L
To:tf] ;d'bfo, ju{ / If]qsf]] k|ltlglwTjsf nflu
ul/Psf] ljz]if Joj:yfsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],
-3_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt ;d'bfo, ju{ / If]qsf]] ;+/If0f,
;zQmLs/0f / ljsf; ;Gtf]ifhgs eP gePsf] cWoog
u/L eljiodf cjnDag ug{' kg{] gLltsf] ;DaGwdf
g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{],
-_ s0ff{nL / lk5l8Psf] If]qsf] ljsf; / ;d[[l4sf nflu
canDag ug'{ kg]{ gLlt / sfo{qmdsf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg],
-r_ cNk;+Vos tyf ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfo ;DaGwL sfg"gdf
;dofg's'n kl/dfh{gsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{],
-5_ cNk;+Vos tyf ;LdfGtLs[t ;d'bfosf nflu k|Tofe"t
xs clwsf/sf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt cg'udg u/L
cfjlws kdf x'g] /fli6o hgu0fgf tyf dfgj ljsf;
;"rsf+s ;DaGwL k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df cfjZos
k'g/fjnf]sg u/L kl/dfh{gsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{] .
-@_ /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;f] cfof]usf] cWoIf, s'g} ;b:o jf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL
k|of]u tyf kfng ug]{ u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
145
@)&@.^.#
-#_ /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyf
@^)= k|b]zdf sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg] M /fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]un]
@^!= cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps cflbjf;L hghflt
cfof]u /xg]5 h;df cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf;Dd ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df cflbjf;L
hghflt cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw
-$_ cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf]
of]Uotf, kb l/Qm x'g] cj:yf, kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{x? / To:tf]
cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@^@= dw]zL cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps dw]zL cfof]u /xg]5 h;df cWoIf
/ cGo rf/ hgf;Dd ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df dw]]zL
cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ dw]zL cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm
-$_ dw]zL cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] of]Uotf, kb l/Qm
x'g] cj:yf, kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{x? / To:tf] cfof]usf] sfd,
st{Jo / clwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5
.
@^#= yf cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps yf cfof]u /xg]5 h;df cWoIf /
cGo rf/ hgf;Dd ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df yf cfof]usf
cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ yf? cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm ePsf]
ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 .
146
@)&@.^.#
-$_ yf cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] of]Uotf, kb l/Qm x'g]
cj:yf, kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{x? / To:tf] cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo
/ clwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@^$= d'l:nd cfof]u M -!_ g]kfndf Ps d'l:nd cfof]u /xg]5 h;df
cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf;Dd ;b:o /xg]5g\ .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df d'l:nd
cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{]5 .
-#_ d'l:nd cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQm
-$_ d'l:nd cfof]usf cWoIf tyf ;b:osf] of]Uotf, kb l/Qm
x'g] cj:yf, kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf zt{x? / To:tf] cfof]usf] sfd,
st{Jo / clwsf/ ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
@^%= cfof]usf] k'g/fjnf]sg M o; efu adf]lhd u7g ePsf cfof]ux?sf]
;+3Lo ;+;bn] of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] bz jif{ kl5
k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{5 .
147
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@*
/fli6o ;'/Iff ;DaGwL Joj:yf
@^^= /fli6o ;'/Iff kl/ifb M -!_ g]kfnsf] ;du| /fli6o lxt, ;'/Iff /
k|lt/Iff ;DaGwL gLlt th'{df ug{ tyf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] kl/rfng jf
lgoGq0f ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifbnfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{
b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:ox /x]sf] Ps /fli6o ;'/Iff kl/ifb
/xg]5 M
-s_ k|wfgdGqL cWoIf
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /Iff dGqL ;b:o
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] u[x dGqL ;b:o
-3_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k//fi6 dGqL ;b:o
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cy{ dGqL ;b:o
-r_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo ;lrj ;b:o
-5_ k|wfg ;]gfklt, g]kfnL ;]gf ;b:o
-@_ /Iff dGqfnosf] ;lrjn] /fli6o ;'/Iff kl/ifbsf] ;b:o
;lrj eO{ sfd ug]{5 .
-#_ /fli6o ;'/Iff kl/ifbn] cfgf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6klt
;dIf k]z ug]{5 / /fi6kltn] To:tf] k|ltj]bg k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t
;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf k]z ug{ nufpg]5 .
-$_ /fli6o ;'/Iff kl/ifb ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@^&= g]kfnL ;]gf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf,
ef}uf]lns cv08tf, :jfwLgtf / /fli6o Pstfsf] /Iffsf nflu o;
;+ljwfgk|lt k|lta4 ;dfj]zL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Ps ;+u7g /xg]5 .
-@_ /fi6klt g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k/dflwklt x'g]5 .
-#_ g]kfnL ;]gfdf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L, cflbjf;L
hghflt, v; cfo{, dw]zL, yf, d'l:nd, lk58f ju{ tyf lk5l8Psf]
If]qsf gful/ssf] k|j]z ;dfgtf / ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df
;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd
ljsf; lgdf{0f / ljkb Joj:yfkg nufotsf cGo sfo{df ;d]t
kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 .
148
@)&@.^.#
-%_ /fi6kltn] dlGqkl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg ;]gfkltsf]
lgo'lQm / kbd'lQm ug]{5 .
-^_ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf jf s'g} efusf]
;'/Iffdf o'4, afx\o cfqmd0f, ;z:q ljb|f]x jf r/d cfly{s
lj>[+vntfsf] sf/0fn] uDeL/ ;+s6 pTkGg ePdf /fli6o ;'/Iff
kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/zdf g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifbsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd
/fi6kltaf6 g]kfnL ;]gf kl/rfngsf] 3f]if0ff x'g]5 . g]kfnL ;]gf
kl/rfngsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltn] Ps dxLgfleq k|ltlglw ;efaf6
cg'df]bg x'g' kg{]5 .
-&_ g]kfnL ;]gf ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@^*= g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn / /fli6o cg';Gwfg ;+u7g
;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ ;+3df g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn /
/fli6o cg';Gwfg ljefu /xg]5g\ .
-@_ k|To]s k|b]zdf k|b]z k|x/L ;+u7g /xg]5 .
-#_ g]kfn k|x/L / k|b]z k|x/Ln] ;Dkfbg ug]{ sfo{sf] ;~rfng,
;'kl/j]If0f / ;dGjo ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn / /fli6o cg';Gwfg
ljefu ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
149
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu@(
/fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL Joj:yf
@^(= /fhgLlts bnsf] u7g, btf{ / ;~rfng M -!_ ;dfg /fhgLlts
ljrf/wf/f, bz{g / sfo{qmddf k|lta4 JolQmxn] wf/f !& sf]
pkwf/f -@_ sf] v08 -u_ cGtu{t ag]sf] sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL
/fhgLlts bn u7g u/L ;~rfng ug{ / bnsf] ljrf/wf/f, bz{g /
sfo{qmdk|lt hg;fwf/0fsf] ;dy{g / ;xof]u k|fKt ug{sf nflu
To;sf] k|rf/ / k|;f/ ug{, u/fpg jf ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu cGo
cfjZos sfd ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf /fhgLlts bnn] sfg"g
adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L lgjf{rg cfof]udf bn btf{ u/fpg'
kg{]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd bn btf{ u/fpg] k|of]hgsf nflu
lgj]bg k]z ubf{ ;DalGwt /fhgLlts bnsf] ljwfg / 3f]if0ffkqsf
cltl/Qm ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhdsf cGo sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg{]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd bn btf{sf nflu lgj]bg lb+bf
/fhgLlts bnn] b]xfosf zt{ k"/f ug'{ kg{]5 M
-s_ /fhgLlts bnsf] ljwfg / lgodfjnL nf]stflGqs x'g'
k5{,
-v_ /fhgLlts bnsf] ljwfgdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{df Ps
k6s ;f] bnsf ;+3Lo / k|b]z txsf k|To]s
kbflwsf/Lsf] lgjf{rg x'g] Joj:yf x'g' k5{,
t/ ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg eO{ kfFr jif{leqdf
kbflwsf/Lsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g g;s]df 5
dxLgfleq To:tf] lgjf{rg ug{ ;lsg] u/L /fhgLlts
bnsf] ljwfgdf Joj:yf ug{ afwf kg{] 5}g .
-u_ bnsf] ljleGg txsf sfo{sfl/0fL ;ldltdf g]kfnsf]
ljljwtfnfO{ k|ltlalDat ug]{ u/L ;dfj]zL
k|ltlglwTjsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'g' k5{ .
-%_ s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] gfd, p2]Zo, lrGx jf em08f b]zsf]
wfld{s jf ;fDk|bflos Pstfdf vnn kfg{] jf b]znfO{ ljvl08t ug{]
k|s[ltsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] /fhgLlts bn btf{ x'g] 5}g .
150
@)&@.^.#
@&)= /fhgLlts bnnfO{ k|ltaGw nufpg aGb]h M -!_ wf/f @^( adf]lhd
/fhgLlts bnsf] u7g u/L ;~rfng ug{ / bnsf] ljrf/wf/f, bz{g
/ sfo{qmdk|lt hg;fwf/0fsf] ;dy{g / ;xof]u k|fKt ug{sf nflu
To;sf] k|rf/ / k|;f/ ug]{ sfo{df s'g} k|ltaGw nufpg] u/L
agfOPsf] sfg"g jf ul/Psf] s'g} Joj:yf jf lg0f{o of] ;+ljwfgsf]
k|lts"n dflgg]5 / :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} Pp6} /fhgLlts bn jf Ps} lsl;dsf] /fhgLlts
ljrf/wf/f, bz{g jf sfo{qmd ePsf JolQmxn] dfq lgjf{rg, b]zsf]
/fhgLlts k|0ffnL jf /fHo Joj:yf ;~rfngdf efu lng kfpg] jf
;lDdlnt x'g kfpg] u/L agfOPsf] sfg"g jf ul/Psf] s'g} Joj:yf jf
lg0f{o of] ;+ljwfgsf] k|lts"n dflgg]5 / :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .
@&!= /fhgLlts bnsf] kdf lgjf{rgsf nflu dfGotf k|fKt ug{ btf{
u/fpg' kg{] M -!_ lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6
dfGotf k|fKt ug{ rfxg] wf/f @^( adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] k|To]s
/fhgLlts bnn] ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L lgjf{rg
cfof]udf btf{ u/fpg' kg{]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu lgj]bg lb+bf /fhgLlts
bnn] wf/f @^( sf] pkwf/f -#_ df plNnlvt ljj/0fsf] cltl/Qm
jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ug{' kg{]5 / ;f]xL wf/fsf] pkwf/f -
$_ df plNnlvt zt{ ;d]t k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
@&@= /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf M /fhgLlts bnsf] u7g, btf{,
;~rfng / ;'ljwf tyf tT;DaGwL cGo ljifo ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
151
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu#)
;+s6sfnLg clwsf/
@&#= ;+s6sfnLg Joj:yf M -!_ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf
jf s'g} efusf] ;'/Iffdf o'4, afXo cfqmd0f, ;z:q ljb|f]x, r/d
cfly{s lj>[+vntf, k|fs[lts ljkb jf dxfdf/Lsf] sf/0fn] uDeL/
;+s6 pTkGg ePdf /fi6kltn] g]kfne/ jf g]kfnsf] s'g} vf; If]qdf
nfu" x'g] u/L ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff ug{ jf cfb]z hf/L ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g}
k|b]zdf k|fs[lts ljkb jf dxfdf/Lsf] sf/0fn] uDeL/ ;+s6 pTkGg
ePdf ;DalGwt k|b]z ;/sf/n] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf o; wf/f
adf]lhd k|b]z jf k|b]zsf] s'g} efudf ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff
jf cfb]z hf/L ug{sf nflu cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z To:tf]
3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ePsf] ldltn] Ps dxLgfleq cg'df]bgsf nflu
;+3Lo ;+;bsf b'j} ;bgdf k]z ul/g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd cg'df]bgsf nflu k]z ePsf] 3f]if0ff
jf cfb]z ;+3Lo ;+;bsf b'j} ;bgdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{
;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtn] cg'df]bg u/]df To:tf]
3f]if0ff jf cfb]z ePsf] ldltn] tLg dxLgf;Dd sfod /xg]5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd cg'df]bgsf nflu k]z ePsf] 3f]if0ff
jf cfb]z pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd cg'df]bg gePdf :jtM lgliqmo
x'g]5 .
-^_ o; wf/fdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf cem} ljBdfg 5 egL pkwf/f -$_
adf]lhdsf] cjlw ;dfKt gx'Fb} csf{] Ps k6s tLg dxLgfdf ga9fO{
;+s6sfnLg 3f]if0ff jf cfb]zsf] cjlw yk ug]{ k|:tfj ;+3Lo ;+;bdf
k]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-&_ pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;+3Lo ;+;bsf b'j} ;bgdf
tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO
ax'dtn] kfl/t ePdf To:tf] k|:tfjdf plNnlvt cjlw ;Ddsf nflu
;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z sfod /xg]5 .
152
@)&@.^.#
-*_ k|ltlglw ;ef lj36g ePsf] cj:yfdf pkwf/f -#_, -$_, -
^_ / -&_ adf]lhd ;+3Lo ;+;bn] k|of]u ug{] clwsf/ /fli6o ;efn]
k|of]u ug{]5 .
-(_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf
cfb]z ePkl5 To:tf] cj:yfsf] lgjf/0f ug{ /fi6kltn] cfjZos
cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L hf/L ePsf] cfb]z ;+s6sfnLg
cj:yf axfn /x];Dd sfg"g ;/x nfu" x'g]5 .
-!)_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff jf
cfb]z hf/L ubf{ To:tf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z axfn /x];Ddsf nflu
efu# df Joj:yf ePsf df}lns xs lgnDag ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ wf/f !^, wf/f !& sf] pkwf/f -@_ sf] v08 -u_ / -3_,
wf/f !*, wf/f !( sf] pkwf/f -@_, wf/f @), @!, @@, @$, wf/f @^
sf] pkwf/f -!_, @(, #), #!, #@, #%, #^ sf] pkwf/f -!_ / -@_, #*,
#(, $) sf] pkwf/f -@_ / -#_, $!, $@, $#, $% / wf/f $^
adf]lhdsf] ;+j}wflgs pkrf/sf] xs / aGbL k|ToIfLs/0fsf] pkrf/
k|fKt ug{] xs lgnDag ul/g] 5}g .
-!!_ pkwf/f -!)_ adf]lhd o; ;+ljwfgsf] s'g} wf/f lgnDag
ul/Psf]df ;f] wf/ff/f k|bQ df}lns xssf] k|rngsf nflu s'g}
cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg jf To; ;DaGwdf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg
p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .
-!@_ o; wf/f adf]lhdsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z axfn /x]sf]
cj:yfdf s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] ablgot;fy s'g} sfd u/]af6 s;}nfO{
s'g} k|sf/sf] Iflt ePsf] /x]5 eg] kLl8tn] To:tf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z
;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] tLg dxLgfleq cfk"mnfO{ k/]sf] Iflt afkt
Ifltk"lt{sf] bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] bfaL k/]df cbfntn] ;+3Lo
sfg"g adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ e/fOlbg / kL8snfO{ ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-!#_ o; wf/f adf]lhdsf] 3f]if0ff jf cfb]z /fi6kltn] h'g;'s}
avt lkmtf{ lng ;Sg]5 .
153
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu#!
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg
@&$= ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg M -!_ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf,
:jfwLgtf / hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L of]
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ / o; ;+ljwfgsf] cGo wf/fsf] cwLgdf /xL
o; ;+ljwfgsf] s'g} wf/fnfO{ ;+zf]wg jf vf/]h ug]{ ljw]os ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] s'g} klg ;bgdf k]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ pkwf/f -!_ nfO{ ;+zf]wg ul/g] 5}g .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ljw]os ;DalGwt ;bgdf
k|:t't ePsf] tL; lbgleq ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu
;fj{hlgs kdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ljw]os s'g} k|b]zsf]
;Ldfgf kl/jt{g jf cg';"rL^ df plNnlvt ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt
ePdf To:tf] ljw]os ;+3Lo ;+;bdf k|:t't ePsf] tL; lbgleq
;DalGwt ;bgsf] ;efd'v jf cWoIfn] ;xdltsf nflu k|b]z ;efdf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkwf/f -$_ adf]lhd k7fOPsf] ljw]os tLg dxLgfleq
;DalGwt k|b]z ;efsf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{{ ;b:oxsf]
ax'dtaf6 :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t u/L To;sf] hfgsf/L ;+3Lo ;+;bdf
k7fpg' kg{]5 .
t/ s'g} k|b]z ;ef sfod g/x]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] k|b]z ;ef
u7g eO{ To;sf] klxnf] a}7s a;]sf] ldltn] tLg dxLgfleq :jLs[t
jf c:jLs[t u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq To:tf] ljw]os :jLs[t
jf c:jLs[t ePsf] hfgsf/L glbPdf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ljw]os pTklQ
ePsf] ;bgn] To:tf] ljw]os pk/sf] sf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg afwf
kg{] 5}g .
-&_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq ax';+Vos k|b]z ;efn]
To:tf] ljw]os c:jLs[t u/]sf] ;"rgf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] ;DalGwt
;bgnfO{ lbPdf To:tf] ljw]os lgliqmo x'g]5 .
154
@)&@.^.#
-*_ k|b]z ;efsf] ;xdlt cfjZos gkg{] jf pkwf/f -%_
adf]lhd ax';+Vos k|b]z ;efaf6 :jLs[t eO{ cfPsf] ljw]os ;+3Lo
;+;bsf b'a} ;bgdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ug{' kg{]5 .
-(_ pkwf/f -*_ adf]lhd kfl/t ePsf] ljw]os k|df0fLs/0fsf
nflu /fi6klt ;dIf k]z ul/g]5 .
-!)_ /fi6kltn] pkwf/f -(_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ljw]os k|fKt
ePsf] kGw|lbg leq k|df0fLs/0f ug{]5 / k|df0fLs/0f ePsf] ldlt b]lv
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg x'g]5 .
155
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu#@
ljljw
@&%= hgdt ;+u|x ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ /fli6o dxTjsf] s'g} ljifodf
hgdt ;+u|xaf6 lg0f{o ug{ cfjZos 5 egL ;+3Lo ;+;bdf tTsfn
sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO ;b:osf] ax'dtaf6
lg0f{o ePdf To:tf] ljifodf hgdt ;+u|xaf6 lg0f{o lng ;lsg]5 .
-@_ hgdt ;+u|x / tT;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@&^= dfkmL M /fi6kltn] s'g} cbfnt, Goflos jf cw{Goflos lgsfo jf
k|zf;sLo kbflwsf/L jf lgsfon] u/]sf] ;hfonfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd
dfkmL, d'NtjL, kl/jt{g jf sd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@&&= pkflw, ;Ddfg / lje"if0f M -!_ /fi6kltn] /fHosf] tkm{af6 k|bfg
ul/g] pkflw, ;Ddfg / lje"if0f k|bfg ug{]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt gu/L g]kfnsf] s'g}
gful/sn] s'g} ljb]zL ;/sf/af6 k|bfg ul/g] pkflw, ;Ddfg jf
lje"if0f u|x0f ug{' x'Fb}g .
@&*= ;lGw ;DkGg ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf ug]{ clwsf/
;+3df lglxt /xg]5 .
-@_ k|b]zsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rLdf kg{] ljifodf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf
ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;DalGwt k|b]z;Fu k/fdz{ ug{' kg]{5 .
-#_ k|b]z dlGqkl/ifbn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;xdlt lnO{ cfly{s
tyf cf}Bf]lus ljifosf s/f/hGo ;Demf}tf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@&(= ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g M -!_
g]kfn /fHo jf g]kfn ;/sf/ kIf x'g] ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg,
;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd sfg"g agfpFbf b]xfosf ljifosf
;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g ;+3Lo
;+;bsf b'j} ;bgdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{
ltxfO ax'dtn] ug'{kg]{ zt{ /flvg]5 M
-s_ zflGt / d}qL,
-v_ ;'/Iff Pj+ ;fdl/s ;DaGw,
-u_ g]kfn /fHosf] ;Ldfgf, /
-3_ k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf To;sf] pkof]usf] afF8kmfF8 .
156
@)&@.^.#
t/ v08 -s_ / -3_ df plNnlvt ljifosf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf
dWo] /fi6nfO{ Jofks, uDeL/ jf bL3{sfnLg c;/ gkg{] ;fwf/0f
k|s[ltsf ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g
k|ltlglw ;efsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ;b:oxsf] ;fwf/0f ax'dtaf6
x'g ;Sg]5 .
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 x'g] s'g} ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf o;
wf/f adf]lhd cg'df]bg, ;lDdng, :jLs[lt jf ;dy{g geP;Dd
g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfnsf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-$_ pkwf/f -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns cv08tfdf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ u/L s'g} ;lGw jf
;Demf}tf ul/g] 5}g .
@*)= /fi6kltsf] sfo{ ug]{ ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd
/fi6klt / pk/fi6klt b'j}sf] kb l/Qm ePdf /fi6klt jf
pk/fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg eO{ sfo{ef/ g;Dxfn];Dd o; ;+ljwfg
adf]lhd /fi6kltaf6 ul/g] sfo{ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'vn] ;Dkfbg
ug]{5 .
@*!= ljz]if clwsf/sf] ;dLIff tyf k'g/fjnf]sg M g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|To]s
bz jif{df x'g] /fli6o hgu0fgf;Fu} dlxnf tyf blnt ;d'bfosf]
ljz]if clwsf/sf] Joj:yfsf] sfo{fGjog / To;sf] k|efj ;DaGwdf
dfgj ljsf; ;"rsf+ssf] cfwf/df ;dLIff tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{5 .
@*@= /fhb"t / ljz]if k|ltlglw M -!_ /fi6kltn] ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf]
cfwf/df g]kfnL /fhb"t / s'g} vf; k|of]hgsf nflu ljz]if k|ltlglw
lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ /fi6kltn] ljb]zL /fhb"t tyf s"6gLlts k|ltlglwaf6
cf]xf]bfsf] k|df0fkq u|x0f ug{]5 .
@*#= ;dfj]zL l;4fGt adf]lhd lgo'lQm ug{' kg{] M ;+j}wflgs c+u /
lgsfosf kbdf lgo'lQm ubf{ ;dfj]zL l;4fGt adf]lhd ul/g]5 .
@*$= ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd k|wfg
GofofwLz / ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v / kbflwsf/Lxsf] lgo'lQmsf]
l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf cWoIf / ;b:o /x]sf] Ps ;+j}wflgs
kl/ifb /xg]5 M
-s_ k|wfgdGqL cWoIf
-v_ k|wfg GofofwLz ;b:o
-u_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ;efd'v ;b:o
-3_ /fli6o ;efsf] cWoIf ;b:o
-_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] ljkIfL bnsf] g]tf ;b:o
157
@)&@.^.#
-r_ k|ltlglw ;efsf] pk;efd'v ;b:o
-@_ k|wfg GofofwLzsf] kb l/Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf k|wfg
GofofwLzsf] lgo'lQmsf] l;kmfl/; ubf{ ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbdf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] sfg"g tyf Gofo dGqL ;b:osf] kdf /xg]5 .
-#_ ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbn] k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;+j}wflgs
lgsfosf s'g} k|d'v jf kbflwsf/Lsf] kb l/Qm x'g'eGbf Ps dxLgf
cufj} o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{' kg{]5 .
t/ d[To' eO{ jf /fhLgfdf lbO{ To:tf] kb l/Qm ePsf]
cj:yfdf l/Qm ePsf] ldltn] Ps dxLgfleq kbk"lt{ x'g] u/L
lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf
k|wfg GofofwLz jf ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v jf kbflwsf/Lsf]
lgo'lQm ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo ;lrjn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] ;lrj
eO{ sfd ug{]5 .
@*%= ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] u7g M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]zsf] k|zf;g ;~rfng
ug{ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf / cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo ;+3Lo ;/sf/L
;]jfxsf] u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf ;]jfxsf] u7g, ;~rfng /
;]jfsf zt{ ;+3Lo P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf nufot ;j} ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jfdf
k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIfff/f kbk"lt{ ubf{ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd v'nf /
;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf cfwf/df x'g]5 .
-#_ k|b]z dlGqkl/ifb, ufpF sfo{kflnsf / gu/ sfo{kflnsfn]
cfgf] k|zf;g ;~rfng ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ sfg"g adf]lhd
ljleGg ;/sf/L ;]jfxsf] u7g / ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
@*^= lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]u M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+3Lo
;+;bsf ;b:o / k|b]z ;efsf ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu
lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]] b]xfosf cWoIf / ;b:o
/x]sf] Ps lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf] u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] ;]jflgj[Q GofofwLz cWoIf
-v_ e"uf]nljb Ps hgf ;b:o
-u_ ;dfhzf:qL jf dfgjzf:qL Ps hgf ;b:o
-3_ k|zf;gljb jf sfg"gljb Ps hgf ;b:o
158
@)&@.^.#
-_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] clws[t ;b:o
;lrj
-@_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf] sfof{jlw To:tf] cfof]u
u7g ubf{sf avt tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f
cfof]usf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
sDtLdf :gfts pkflw k|fKt u/]sf],
-v_ k}+tfln; jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf], /
-u_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf] .
-$_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf
cWoIf jf ;b:osf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ lghn] lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifbn] x6fPdf,
-%_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] o; wf/f adf]lhd lgjf{rg
If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ hg;+Vof / e"uf]nnfO{ k|ltlglwTjsf] cfwf/ dfgL
To:tf] lgjf{rg If]qsf] e"uf]n, hg;+Vof / ;b:o ;+Vof aLrsf]
cg'kft oyf;Dej ;dfg x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
-^_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;f] If]qsf]
hg;+Vofsf] 3gTj, ef}uf]lns ljlzi6tf, k|zf;lgs Pj+ oftfoftsf]
;'udtf, ;fd'bflos tyf ;f+:s[lts kIfnfO{ ;d]t Wofg lbg' kg]{5 .
-&_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]uf/f lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f
ul/Psf] / k'g/fjnf]sg ul/Psf] ljifodf s'g} cbfntdf k|Zg p7fpg
kfOg] 5}g .
-*_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] cfkm"n] ;Dkfbg u/]sf]
sfdsf] k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug{]5 .
-(_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifbn] pkwf/f -*_ adf]lhdsf]
k|ltj]bg ;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf k]z ug{'sf] cltl/Qm sfof{Gjogsf nflu
lgjf{rg cfof]udf k7fpg]5 .
159
@)&@.^.#
-!)_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]un] cfgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm}+
lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
-!!_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf]
kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf qmdzM lgjf{rg cfof]usf k|d'v lgjf{rg
cfo'Qm / lgjf{rg cfo'Qm ;/x x'g]5 .
-!@_ pkwf/f -%_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf] lgjf{rg If]qsf]
k|To]s aL; jif{df k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!#_ lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]unfO{ cfjZos kg]{ sd{rf/L
g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg]5 .
@*&= efiff cfof]u M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq
g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|b]zxsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L Ps efiff cfof]usf]
u7g ug{]5 .
-@_ efiff cfof]udf cWoIfsf cltl/Qm cfjZos ;+Vofdf
;b:ox /xg]5g\ .
-#_ efiff cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] kbfjlw lgo'lQmsf]
ldltn] 5 jif{sf] x'g]5 . lghx?sf] k'gM lgo'lQm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
-$_ b]xfosf] of]Uotf ePsf] JolQm efiff cfof]usf] cWoIf jf
;b:osf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo x'g]5 M
:gftsf]Q/ pkflw k|fKt u/]sf],
-v_ g]kfnsf ljleGg efiffxsf] ;DaGwdf cWoog,
cWofkg, cg';Gwfg / cGj]if0fsf] If]qdf sDtLdf aL;
jif{sf] sfo{ cg'ej ePsf],
-%_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf efiff cfof]usf cWoIf jf ;b:osf]
kb l/Qm x'g]5 M
-v_ lghnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifbn] x6fPdf,
-u_ lghsf] pd]/ k}+;L jif{ k"/f ePdf,
160
@)&@.^.#
-^_ efiff cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M
-s_ ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiffsf kdf dfGotf kfpg k"/f
ug'{kg]{ cfwf/xsf] lgwf{/0f u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf
efiffsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-v_ efiffxsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / ljsf;sf nflu cjnDag
ug'{kg]{ pkfoxsf] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{,
-u_ dft[efiffxsf] ljsf;sf] :t/ dfkg u/L lzIffdf
k|of]usf] ;DefJotfsf af/]df g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf
;'emfj k]z ug]{,
-3_ efiffxsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg / cg'udg ug]{ .
-&_ efiff cfof]un] pkwf/f -^_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{
cfof]u u7g ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ leq ;DkGg ug]{5 .
-*_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|b]z ;/sf/;Fu ;dGjo u/L k|b]zdf
efiff cfof]usf] zfvf :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-(_ efiff cfof]usf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf
@**= /fhwfgL M -!_ g]kfnsf] /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+df /xg]5 .
-@_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL ;DalGwt k|b]z
;efdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtaf6
lg0f{o eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lg0f{o geP;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n]
tf]s] adf]lhdsf] :yfgaf6 k|b]zsf] sfo{ ;~rfng x'g]5 .
@*(= kbflwsf/Lsf] gful/stf ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ /fi6klt,
pk/fi6klt, k|wfgdGqL, k|wfg GofofwLz, k|ltlglw ;efsf ;efd'v,
/fli6o ;efsf cWoIf, k|b]z k|d'v, d'VodGqL, k|b]z ;efsf] ;efd'v
/ ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'vsf] kbdf lgjf{lrt, dgf]gLt jf lgo'lQm x'g
j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
161
@)&@.^.#
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ df plNnlvt kb afx]s cGo ;+j}wflgs
lgsfosf] kbdf o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgo'lQmsf] nflu j+zhsf]
cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm, g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t
gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm jf hGdsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf
k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm ;d]t of]Uo x'g]5 .
t/ g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmsf] xsdf
sDtLdf bz jif{, hGdsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf]
JolQm / wf/f !! sf] pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t
gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmsf] xsdf sDtLdf kfFr jif{ g]kfndf
a;f]af; u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
@()= u'7L ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ u'7Lsf] d"ne"t dfGotfdf k|lts"n c;/
gkg]{ u/L u'7L hUufdf ef]uflwsf/ e}/x]sf ls;fg Pj+ u'7Lsf]
clwsf/sf ;DaGwdf ;+3Lo ;+;bn] cfjZos sfg"g agfpg]5 .
-@_ u'7L ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@(!= lgo'lQmsf nflu of]Uo gx'g] M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljb]zsf] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dltkq lnPsf]
g]kfnsf] gful/s o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgjf{rg, dgf]gog jf lgo'lQm
x'g] kbdf lgjf{lrt, dgf]gLt jf lgo'lQmsf] nflu of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
t/ To:tf] ljb]zsf] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dltkq Tofu]sf]
JolQmnfO{ sDtLdf tLg dxLgfsf] cjlw Joltt eP kl5 To:tf] kbdf
lgjf{lrt, dgf]gLt jf lgo'Qm ug{ afwf kg{] 5}g .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljb]zsf] :yfoL cfjf;Lo
cg'dltkq lnPsf] g]kfnsf] gful/s ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;+3Lo
@(@= ;+;bLo ;'g'jfO{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd
;+j}wflgs kl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'Qm x'g] k|wfg GofofwLz, ;jf{]Rr
cbfntsf GofofwLz, Gofo kl/ifbsf ;b:o, ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf]
k|d'v jf kbflwsf/L / /fhb"tsf] kbdf lgo'lQm x'g' cl3 ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd ;+;bLo ;'g'jfO{ x'g]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;+3Lo ;+;bsf b'j}
;bgsf ;b:ox /xg] u/L ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd kGw| ;b:oLo
Ps ;+o'Qm ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 .
162
@)&@.^.#
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;+o'Qm ;ldltdf /xg] ;b:on]
;+3Lo ;+;bsf] pQm sfo{sfne/ ;jf{]Rr cbfntdf pkl:yt eO{
ax; k}/aL ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
@(#= ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] sfd sf/afxLsf] cg'udg M ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf
k|d'v / kbflwsf/L ;+3Lo ;+;bk|lt pQ/bfoL / hjfkmb]xL /xg'
kg]{5 . k|ltlglw ;efsf ;ldltn] /fli6o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u
afx]ssf cGo ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] k|ltj]bg nufotsf sfd
sf/afxLsf] cg'udg / d"Nof+sg u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg jf /fo
;Nnfx lbg ;Sg]5 .
@($= ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg M -!_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf
;+j}wflgs lgsfon] cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg
/fi6klt ;dIf k]z ug{]5 / /fi6kltn] k|wfgdGqL dfkm{t To:tf]
k|ltj]bg ;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf k]z ug{ nufpg]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{
s'/fx ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;+j}wflgs lgsfon] k|To]s k|b]zsf] sfd sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf cnu
cnu k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L k|b]z k|d'v ;dIf k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .
163
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu##
;+qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yf
@(%= ;+3Lo cfof]usf] u7g M -!_ k|b]zsf] ;Ldf+sg ;DaGwL ljifodf
;'emfj lbg g]kfn ;/sf/n] Ps ;+3Lo cfof]u u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ wf/f %^ sf] pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhdsf k|b]zsf] gfds/0f
;DalGwt k|b]z ;efsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtaf6
x'g]5 .
-#_ wf/f %^ sf] pkwf/f -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd lgdf{0f x'g]
ufpFFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf tyf ljz]if, ;+/lIft jf :jfoQ If]qsf] ;+Vof
/ ;Ldfgf lgwf{/0f ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] Ps cfof]u u7g
ug]{5 . To:tf] cfof]un] ufpFFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf tyf ljz]if, ;+/lIft
jf :jfoQ If]qsf] ;+Vof / ;Ldfgfsf] lgwf{/0f g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f
u/]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhdsf] cfof]usf] u7g of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
ePsf] ldltn] 5 dxLgfleq ul/g]5 . To:tf] cfof]usf] sfof{jlw Ps
jif{sf] x'g]5 .
@(^= ;+ljwfg ;ef Joj:yflksf;+;bdf kfGt/0f x'g] M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg
k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf] ;+ljwfg ;ef of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
ePkl5 Joj:yflksf;+;bdf :jtM kfGt/0f x'g]5 / To:tf]
Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] sfo{sfn ;+jt\ @)&$ ;fn df3 & ut];Dd
sfod /xg]5 .
t/ To:tf] sfo{sfn k"/f x'g' cufj} o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf]
k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g] ePdf To:tf] lgjf{rgsf nflu
pDd]bjf/sf] dgf]gogkq bflvnf ug{] cl3Nnf] lbg;Dd Joj:yflksf
;+;b sfod /xg]5 .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg hf/L x'Fbfsf avt Joj:yflksf;+;bdf
ljrf/fwLg /x]sf ljw]osx pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf
;+;bdf :jtM ;g]{5g\ .
-#_ o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+3Lo ;+;bn] ;Dkfbg ug{' kg{] sfd
o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd k|ltlglw ;efsf] lgjf{rg geP;Dd pkwf/f -
!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf;+;bn] ug{]5 .
164
@)&@.^.#
-$_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 k|b]z ;ef u7g geP;Dd
cg';"rL^ adf]lhdsf] ljifodf sfg"g agfpg] k|b]z ;efsf] clwsf/
pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf;+;bdf /xg]5 . To;/L ag]sf]
sfg"g of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] k|b]z ;ef u7g ePsf] ldltn] Ps
jif{kl5 To:tf] k|b]zsf] xsdf lgliqmo x'g]5 .
-%_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avtsf] Joj:yflksf;+;b
;lrjfno, To;sf dxf;lrj, ;lrj / sd{rf/Lx lghxsf]
lgo'lQm x'Fbfsf avtsf] ;]jfsf zt{xsf] cwLgdf /xL o; ;+ljwfg
adf]lhdsf] ;+3Lo ;+;b ;lrjfnodf sfod x'g]5g\ .
-^_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt Joj:yflksf;+;bsf]
clwj]zg rln/x]sf] /x]g5 eg] /fi6kltn] of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf]
ldltn] ;ft lbgleq Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] clwj]zg cfXjfg ug]{5 .
To; kl5 /fi6kltn] ;do ;dodf Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] clwj]zg
cfXjfg ug{]5 .
@(&= /fi6klt / pk/fi6klt ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf] /fi6klt / pk/fi6klt o; wf/f adf]lhd
csf{] /fi6klt / pk/fi6klt lgjf{lrt geP;Dd cfcfgf] kbdf
axfn /xg]5g\ .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt Joj:yflksf;+;bsf]
clwj]zg rln/x]sf] /x]5 eg] of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] /
clwj]zg rln/x]sf] /x]g5 eg] wf/f @(^ sf] pkwf/f -^_ adf]lhd
clwj]zg cfXjfg ePsf] ldltn] Ps dxLgfleq /fhgLlts ;xdltsf]
cfwf/df /fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg wf/f @(^ sf] pkwf/f -!_
adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf;+;bn] ug{]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd ;xdlt sfod x'g g;s]df
Joj:yflksf;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:osf] ax'dtf/f
/fi6klt / pk/fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lgjf{lrt /fi6klt jf
pk/fi6kltsf]] kb s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm ePdf ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] u7g
geP;Dd o;} wf/f adf]lhd Joj:yflksf;+;baf6 /fi6klt jf
pk/fi6kltsf]] lgjf{rg ul/g]5 .
165
@)&@.^.#
-%_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgjf{lrt /fi6klt jf pk/fi6kltsf]
kbfjlw wf/f ^@ adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rs d08naf6 csf{] /fi6klt jf
pk/fi6klt lgjf{lrt eO{ sfo{ef/ g;Dxfn];Dd sfod /xg]5 .
-^_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgjf{lrt /fi6klt jf pk/fi6kltsf] kb
b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf l/Qm x'g]5 M
-s_ /fi6kltn] pk/fi6klt ;dIf / pk/fi6kltn] /fi6klt
;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ lghsf] lj?4 pkwf/f -&_ adf]lhd dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj
kfl/t ePdf,
-u_ wf/f ^@ adf]lhdsf] lgjf{rs d08naf6 csf{] /fi6klt
jf pk/fi6klt lgjf{lrt eO{ sfo{ef/ ;Dxfn]df,
-&_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgjf{lrt /fi6klt jf pk/fi6kltn] of]
;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] uDeL/ pNn+3g u/]sf] cf/f]kdf wf/f @(^ sf]
pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf
;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf Ps rf}yfO ;b:on] lghsf] lj?4
dxfleof]usf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g . To:tf] k|:tfj Joj:yflksf
;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{
ltxfO ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf lgh kbd'Qm x'g]5 .
@(*= dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf
avt sfod /x]sf] dlGqkl/ifb pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] dlGqkl/ifb
u7g geP ;Dd sfod /xg]5 .
cfXjfg ul/Psf] Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] clwj]zg k|f/De ePsf] ldltn]
;ft lbgleq /fhgLlts ;xdltsf cfwf/df k|wfgdGqLsf] lgjf{rg
;DkGg u/L lghsf] cWoIftfdf dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd ;xdlt sfod x'g g;s]df
Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
ax'dtsf] cfwf/df k|wfgdGqL lgjf{lrt x'g]5 .
166
@)&@.^.#
-$_ o; wf/f adf]lhd u7g x'g] dlGqkl/ifbsf] ;+/rgf / sfo{
ljefhg cfk;L ;xdltaf6 to ul/g]5 .
-%_ o; wf/f adf]lhd u7g x'g] dlGqkl/ifbdf cfjZostf
cg';f/ pkk|wfgdGqL / cGo dGqLx /xg]5g\ .
-^_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] pkwf/f -%_
adf]lhd dGqL lgo'lQm ubf{ ;DalGwt bnsf] l;kmfl/;df
Joj:yflksf;+;bsf ;b:ox dWo]af6 lgo'lQm ug'{ kg{]5 .
-&_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqL / cGo dGqLx
Joj:yflksf;+;bk|lt ;fd"lxs kdf pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ / dGqLx
cfgf dGqfnosf] sfdsf nflu JolQmut kdf k|wfgdGqL /
Joj:yflksf;+;bk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g]5g\ .
-*_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm
k|wfgdGqL cfgf] kbaf6 d'Qm x'g]5 M
-v_ pkwf/f -!$_ adf]lhd lghsf] lj?4 cljZjf;sf]
k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf jf ljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t x'g
g;s]df,
-u_ lgh Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] ;b:o g/x]df,
-(_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHo
dGqL tyf ;xfos dGqL b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf cfgf] kbaf6 d'Qm
x'g]5g\ M
-s_ lghn] k|wfgdGqL ;dIf lnlvt /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
-v_ pkwf/f -*_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL cfgf] kbaf6 d'Qm
ePdf,
-u_ ;DalGwt bnsf] l;kmfl/;df jf ;DalGwt bn;Fusf]
;Nnfxdf k|wfgdGqLn] lghnfO{ kbd'Qm u/]df,
167
@)&@.^.#
-!)_ pkwf/f -*_ adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL cfgf] kbaf6 d'Qm
eP klg csf]{ dlGqkl/ifb u7g geP;Dd ;f]xL dlGqkl/ifbn] sfo{
;~rfng u/L /xg]5 .
-!!_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLsf] d[To' ePdf csf{]
k|wfgdGqLsf] rog geP;Ddsf nflu pkk|wfgdGqL jf jl/i7td
dGqLn] k|wfgdGqLsf] kdf sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{5 .
-!@_ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqLn] s'g} klg avt
cfk"mdfly Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] ljZjf; 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6 ug{
cfjZos jf pko'Qm 7fg]df ljZjf;sf] dtsf nflu Joj:yflksf
;+;b ;dIf k|:tfj /fVg ;Sg]5 .
-!#_ Joj:yflksf;+;bsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf Ps
rf}yfO ;b:on] o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|wfgdGqL pk/
Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] ljZjf; 5}g egL lnlvt kdf cljZjf;sf]
k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
t/ o; wf/f adf]lhd lgo'Qm Pp6} k|wfgdGqL pk/
5 dxLgfdf Ps k6seGbf a9L cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ ;lsg]
5}g .
-!$_ pkwf/f -!@_ jf -!#_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfjsf] lg0f{o
Joj:yflksf;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 .
-!%_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] k|b]z
dlGqkl/ifbsf] u7g geP;Dd k|b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ g]kfn
;/sf/n] k|of]u ug]{5 .
@((= ;efd'v / pk;efd'v ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf Joj:yflksf;+;bsf ;efd'v /
pk;efd'v o; wf/f adf]lhd csf{] ;efd'v / pk;efd'v lgjf{lrt
geP;Dd cfcfgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5g\ .
clwj]zg cfXjfg ePsf] ldltn] aL; lbgleq Joj:yflksf;+;bsf
;b:oxn] cfkm"dWo]af6 /fhgLlts ;xdltsf] cfwf/df Pshgf
;efd'v / Pshgf pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg ug{]5g\ .
168
@)&@.^.#
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;xdlt sfod x'g g;s]df
Joj:yflksf;+;bdf tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf]
ax'dt k|fKt ug]{ Joj:yflksf;+;bsf] ;b:o Joj:yflksf;+;bsf]
;efd'v jf pk;efd'v kbdf lgjf{lrt ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lgjf{rg ubf{ ;efd'v /
pk;efd'v Joj:yflksf;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug{] cnucnu
/fhgLlts bnaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug{] ;b:o x'g' kg{]5 .
-%_ ;efd'v jf pk;efd'vn] o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd cfgf]
sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ s'g} klg /fhgLlts bnsf] kIf jf ljkIfdf g/xL
t6:y JolQmsf] x}l;otn] ug{]5 .
-^_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf ;efd'v jf pk;efd'vsf] kb l/Qm
x'g]5M
-v_ Joj:yflksf;+;bdf lghsf] ;b:otf g/x]df,
-u_ lghn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f u/]sf] 5}g eGg] k|:tfj
Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf
b'O{ ltxfO ;b:osf] ax'dtaf6 kfl/t ePdf,
-&_ Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] ;efd'vn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f
u/]sf] 5}g eGg] k|:tfj pk/ 5nkmn x'g] a}7ssf] cWoIftf
pk;efd'v jf cGo s'g} ;b:on] ug{]5 / To:tf] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmndf
;efd'vn] efu lng / dt lbg kfpg]5 .
-*_ ;efd'v / pk;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL cGo k|lqmof /
;efd'v jf pk;efd'vn] kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f gu/]sf] eGg] k|:tfj
k]z ug]{ / kfl/t ug]{ k|lqmof tTsfn k|rlnt Joj:yflksf;+;bsf]
lgodfjnL adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#))= Gofokflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt
sfod /x]sf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ;+ljwfg ;ef cbfnt, k'g/fj]bg
cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntx o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] Gofokflnsfsf]
;+/rgf tof/ geP;Dd sfod /xg]5g\ . of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'g' cl3
To:tf cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf d'2fx / of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5
169
@)&@.^.#
bfo/ x'g] d'2fx tt\ tt\ cbfntaf6 lgk0f ug{ o; ;+ljwfgn]
afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt ;jf{]Rr cbfnt,
k'g/fj]bg cbfnt / lhNnf cbfntdf axfn /x]sf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf
k|wfg GofofwLz jf GofofwLz, k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf d'Vo GofofwLz,
GofofwLz / lhNnf cbfntsf GofofwLz o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd
lgo'Qm ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq ;+3Lo sfg"g
adf]lhd wf/f !#( adf]lhdsf pRr cbfntsf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
To:tf] cbfntsf] :yfkgf ePkl5 of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt
sfod /x]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt lj36g x'g]5 .
-$_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd pRr cbfnt :yfkgf ePkl5
k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf d'2fx g]kfn ;/sf/n]
Gofokl/ifbsf] k/fdz{df g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]s]sf]
pRr cbfntdf ;g{]5g\ .
-%_ pkwf/f -#_ adf]lhd pRr cbfnt :yfkgf ePkl5
Gofokl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df k|wfg GofofwLzn] of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
x'Fbfsf avt axfn /x]sf k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf d'Vo GofofwLz /
GofofwLzxnfO{ pRr cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLz / GofofwLzdf
kb:yfkg ug{]5 .
-^_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt axfn /x]sf k'g/fj]bg
cbfntsf cltl/Qm GofofwLzx lgo'lQm x'Fbf tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Dd
axfn /xg ;Sg]5g\ .
-&_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt cbfnt afx]s cGo
lgsfodf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf Ps jif{eGbf a9L s}b ;hfo x'g] kmf}hbf/L
s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2f of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 ;DalGwt lhNnf
cbfntdf ;g{]5g\ .
#)!= ;+j}wflgs lgsfo / kbflwsf/L ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg
k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf / o; ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf ePsf
;+j}wflgs lgsfo o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd u7g ePsf] dflgg]5 /
To:tf lgsfodf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf ljifonfO{ of] ;+ljwfgsf] cwLgdf
/xL km5\f}{6 ug{ afwf k'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
170
@)&@.^.#
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt axfn /x]sf ;+j}wflgs
lgsfosf k|d'v jf kbflwsf/L o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf]
dflgg]5 / lgh lgo'Qm x'Fbfsf avtsf] ;]jfsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL
cfgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .
-#_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt clVtof/ b'?kof]u
cg';Gwfg cfof]u / nf]s ;]jf cfof]udf o; ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v
ePsf] ;+Vof eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf sfo{/t kbflwsf/L lgh lgo'Qm
x'Fbfsf avtsf] ;]jfsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL cfgf] kbdf axfn
/xg]5 .
#)@= k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf ;/sf/L ;]jfxsf] u7g / ;~rfng M -!_
k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf cfjZos ;]jf k|jfx ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cfjZos Joj:yf ug{]5 .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ubf{ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De
x'Fbfsf avt ;/sf/L ;]jfdf sfo{/t /fi6;]js sd{rf/LnfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] sfg"g adf]lhd ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf ;dfof]hg u/L
;]jf k|jfxsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;Sg]5 .
#)#= :yfgLo lgsfo ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf
avt sfod /x]sf :yfgLo lgsfox of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd :yfgLo
txsf] ;+Vof / If]q lgwf{/0f geP;Dd sfod /xg]5g\ .
-@_ pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd sfod /x]sf :yfgLo lgsfosf
kbflwsf/Lsf] lgjf{rg sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkwf/f -@_ adf]lhd lgjf{lrt :yfgLo lgsfosf
kbflwsf/Lx of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg geP;Dd
sfod /xg]5g\ .
#)$= jt{dfg sfg"g nfu" /xg] M -!_ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod
/x]sf g]kfn sfg"g vf/]h jf ;+zf]wg geP;Dd nfu" /xg]5g\ .
t/ of] ;+ljwfg;Fu aflemPsf] sfg"g of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf]
;+3Lo ;+;bsf] klxnf] clwj]zg a;]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{kl5 aflemPsf]
xb;Dd :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# adf]lhdsf zflGt
k|lqmof ;DaGwL sfo{x o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
171
@)&@.^.#
#)%= afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg] clwsf/ M of] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+3Lo
;+;bsf] lgjf{rg eO{ To;sf] klxnf] clwj]zg k|f/De geP;Dd of]
;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df /fi6kltn] g]kfn
;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifbsf] l;kmfl/;df To:tf] afwf c8\sfp k'msfpg
cfjZos cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] cfb]z hf/L eP kl5
tTsfn a;]sf] Joj:yflksf;+;b jf ;+3Lo ;+;b ;dIf cg'df]bgsf
nflu k]z ug{' kg{]5 .
172
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu#$
Kfl/efiff / JofVof
#)^= kl/efiff / JofVof M -!_ ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o;
;+ljwfgdf,
-s_ cNk;+Vos eGgfn] ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd lgwf{l/t
k|ltzt eGbf sd hg;+Vof /x]sf hftLo, eflifs /
wfld{s ;d"x ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cfg} hftLo,
wfld{s / eflifs ljlzi6tf ePsf], To;nfO{ arfO{ /fVg]
cfsf+Iff /x]sf, lje]b / pTkL8g ef]u]sf ;d"x ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-v_ sfg"g eGgfn] ;+3Lo sfg"g, k|b]z sfg"g / :yfgLo
sfg"g ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ wf/f eGgfn] o; ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ gu/kflnsf eGgfn] dxfgu/kflnsf /
pkdxfgu/kflnsf ;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .
-_ gful/s eGgfn] g]kfnsf] gful/s ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ k|b]z eGgfn] o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+3Lo OsfOdf
ljefhg ul/Psf] g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo OsfOsf] If]q / :jk
;Demg' k5{ .
-5_ kfl/>lds eGgfn] tna, eQf / cGo s'g} lsl;dsf]
kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf ;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .
-h_ /fHozlQm eGgfn] /fHosf] sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf
/ Gofokflnsf ;DaGwL clwsf/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f]
zAbn] cjlzi6 clwsf/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-em_ ljw]os eGgfn] ;+3Lo ;+;b jf k|b]z ;efdf k]z
ePsf] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg jf P]gsf] d:of}bf ;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ ;+3 eGgfn] ;+3Lo ;+/rgfsf] ;a}eGbf dflyNnf]
OsfOsf] kdf /xg] ;+3Lo tx ;Demg' k5{ .
-6_ ;+3Lo OsfO eGgfn] ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx ;Demg'
k5{ .
173
@)&@.^.#
-7_ ;+j}wflgs lgsfo eGgfn] o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd u7g
ul/Psf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u, dxfn]vf
k/LIfs, nf]s;]jf cfof]u, lgjf{rg cfof]u, /fli6o
dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u, /fli6o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ
cfof]u, /fli6o dlxnf cfof]u, /fli6o blnt cfof]u,
/fli6o ;dfj]zL cfof]u, cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]u,
dw]zL cfof]u, yf cfof]u / d'l:nd cfof]u ;Demg'
k5{ .
-8_ ;LdfGtLs[t eGgfn] /fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs
kn] k5fl8 kfl/Psf, lje]b / pTkL8g tyf ef}uf]lns
ljs6tfsf] sf/0fn] ;]jf ;'ljwfsf] pkef]u ug{ g;s]sf
jf To;af6 jl~rt /x]sf ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhdsf]
dfgj ljsf;sf] :t/ eGbf Go"g l:yltdf /x]sf ;d'bfo
;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] clt;LdfGtLs[t / nf]kf]Gd'v
;d'bfo ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-9_ :yfgLo tx eGgfn] o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd :yfkgf
x'g] ufpFFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ;efnfO{ ;Demg'
k5{ .
-@_ ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ;+ljwfgdf JoQm
ePsf s'/fxsf] cwLgdf /xL sfg"gsf] JofVof ;DaGwL sfg"gL
Joj:yf g]kfn sfg"gsf] JofVofdf nfu" eP ;/x o; ;+ljwfgsf]
JofVofdf klg nfu" x'g]5 .
174
@)&@.^.#
efu
efu#%
;+lIfKt gfd, k|f/De / vf/]hL

#)&= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; ;+ljwfgnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg
elgg]5 .
-@_ of] ;+ljwfg ;+jt\ b'O{ xhf/ axQ/ ;fn c;f]h dxLgfsf]
tLg ut]b]lv k|f/De x'g]5 .
#)*= vf/]hL M g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
175
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL!
-wf/f * sf] pkwf/f -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
g]kfnsf] /fli6o em08f
g]kfnsf] /fli6o em08f agfpg] t/Lsf

-s_ lsgf/fleqsf] cfsf/ agfpg] t/Lsf
-!_ Pp6f l;ld|s /+usf] /ftf] sk8fdf tNnf] efudf rflxPsf]
hlt nDafOsf] /]vf afofFaf6 bflxg]lt/ lvRg] / o;nfO{ s
v gfd /fVg] .
-@_ s af6 ;Lwf dfly u ;Dd s v sf] nDafO hltdf s v s}
t[tLof+z yKbf hlt x'G5 Tolt nfdf] x'g] u/L s u /]vf
176
@)&@.^.#
lvRg] . s u df s af6 s v sf] nDafO hlt lnO{ 3 lrgf]
nufpg] . v / 3 hf]8\g] .
-#_ v 3 /]vfdf v af6 s v hlt lnO{ lrgf] nfpg] .
-$_ x'Fb} s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ s u df kg]{ laGb' r af6
z'? u/L bflxg]lt/ 5 ;Dd s v sf] nDafO hlt /]vf
lvRg] .
-%_ u / 5 nfO{ hf]8\g] .
-v_ rGb| agfpg] t/Lsf
-^_ s v sf] rt'yf{+z hlt s af6 bflxg]df h lrgf] nfpg] /
ToxfFaf6 dfly s u sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ u 5 nfO{ em df
5'g] /]vf lvRg] .
-&_ u r sf] cfwf ` af6 s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ /]vf
bfofFlt/ lvrL u 5 nfO{ 6 df 5'g] .
-*_ ` 6 / h em /]vf sfl6Psf] 7fpFdf 7 lrgf] /fVg] .
-(_ ` / 5 hf]8\g] .
-!)_ ` 5 / h em sfl6Psf] laGb'df 8 lrgf] nfpg] .
-!!_ 8 nfO{ s]Gb| dfgL v 3 /]vfnfO{ Go"gtd cGt/ kg]{ u/L
:kz{ ubf{ x'g] hlt b"/L kg]{ u/L h em /]vfsf] tNnf] efudf
9 lrgf] nufpg] .
-!@_ 8 df 5f]O{ s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ /]vf afofFaf6 bfofFlt/ lvRg]
/ o;n] s u nfO{ 5f]Psf] laGb'sf] gfd 0f /fVg] .
-!#_ 7 s]Gb| lnP/ 7 9 Jof;f4{n] tNnf] efudf j[Q v08 lvRg] /
0f 8 af6 uPsf] /]vfnfO{ o;n] 5f]Psf] b'j} 7fpFdf qmdzM t
/ y gfd /fVg] .
177
@)&@.^.#
-!$_ 8 nfO{ s]Gb| dfgL 8 y Jof;f4{n] tNnf] efudf cw{ j[Qfsf/
t y nfO{ 5'g] u/L lvRg] .
-!%_ 9 s]Gb| dfgL 9 8 sf] Jof;f4{n] t 9 y j[Q v08sf] b'j}tkm{
5'g] u/L j[Q v08 lvRg] / o;n] t 9 y nfO{ 5f]Psf]
ljGb'xsf] gfd qmdzM b / w /fVg] . b w nfO{ hf]8\g] . b
9 / h em sfl6Psf] ljGb'sf] gfd g /fVg] .
-!^_ g nfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ Jof;f4{ g w n] t 9 y sf] dflyNnf]
efudf b'j} 7fpFdf 5'g] u/L cw{ j[Qfsf/ lvRg] .
-!&_ g nfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ Jof;f4{ g 8 n] t 9 y sf] dflyNnf]
efudf b'j} 7fpFdf 5'g] u/L j[Q v08 lvRg] .
-!*_ o; cg';"rLsf] g+= -!^_ sf] cw{ j[Qfsf/ leq / g+= -!&_ sf]
j[Q v08 aflx/ rGb|dfsf] cf7j6f a/fa/sf sf]0f agfpg] .
-u_ ;"o{ agfpg] t/Lsf
-!(_ s r sf] cfwf k af6 s v sf] ;dfgfGt/ kf/]/ v df 5'g]
u/L k km /]vf lvRg] .
-@)_ h em / k km sfl6Psf] ljGb' a s]Gb| dfg]/ 8 9 sf]
Jof;f4{n] j[Qfsf/ k"/f lvRg] .
-@!_ a nfO{ s]Gb| dfg]/ 7 9 Jof;f4{n] j[Qfsf/ k"/f lvRg] .
-@@_ of] cg';"rLsf] g+= -@)_ sf] j[Qfsf/ aflx/ / of] cg';"rLsf] g+=
-@!_ sf] j[Qfsf/leq k/]sf] uf]n 3]/fsf] aLr efudf ;"o{sf]
afx|j6f a/fa/sf sf]0fx b'O{ r'Rrfxn] h em /]vfdf 5'g]
u/L agfpg] .
-3_ lsgf/f agfpg] t/Lsf
178
@)&@.^.#
-@#_ g 9 sf] rf}8fO hlt uf9f gLnf] /+usf] lsgf/f em08fsf]
cfsf/sf] aflx/L ;a}lt/sf] ;Ldfdf yKg], t/ em08fsf] kfFr
sf]0fxdf rflx+ aflx/L sf]0fx klg leq} ;/xsf agfpg] .
-@$_ em08f 8f]/L nufO{ k|of]u u/]df dfly atfOPs} kL /fVg] .
em08f n6\7Ldf 3';fg]{ xf] eg] s u kl cfjZos k/] hlt
lsgf/f rf}8\ofpg] . 8f]/L jf n6\7Lsf] k|of]udf s u sf] kLdf
Kjfn /fVg] .
:ki6Ls/0f M em08f agfpFbf lvlrPsf h em b w, r , 3,
` 5, 0f y, ` 6 / k km /]vfx slNkt x'g\ . To:t} ;"o{sf
aflx/L / leqL j[Qfsf/x tyf v'k]{ rGb| afx]s c? j[Q v08
klg slNkt x'g\ . lognfO{ em08fdf b]vfOFb}g .
b|i6Jo M /fli6o em08fsf] cfsf/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/]
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
179
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL@
-wf/f ( sf] pkwf/f -!_ ;F+u ;DalGwt_
g]kfnsf] /fli6o ufg
;of+} y'Fuf km"nsf xfdL Pp6} dfnf g]kfnL

;fj{ef}d eO{ km}lnPsf d]rLdxfsfnL .
k|s[ltsf sf]6Lsf]6L ;Dkbfsf] cfFrn
jL/xsf /utn] :jtGq / c6n
1fge"ld zflGte"ld t/fO{ kxf8 lxdfn
cv08 of] Kof/f] xfd|f] dft[e"ld g]kfn
ax'n hflt efiff wd{ ;+:s[lt 5g\ ljzfn
cu|ufdL /fi6 xfd|f] ho ho g]kfn .
180
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL#
-wf/f ( sf] pkwf/f -@_
@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
g]kfnsf] lgzfg 5fk
b|i6Jo M of] lgzfg 5fk cfjZostf cg';f/ 7"nf] jf ;fgf]

;fgf
cfsf/sf] agfpg ;lsg]5 . To;df g]kfn ;/sf/af6
lgwf{l/t /+usf] k|of]u x'g]5 .
181
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL
L$
-wf/f %^ sf] pkwf/f -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
k|b]z / ;DalGwt k|b]zdf /xg] lhNnfx
k|b]z g+= ! k|b]z g+= @

1= tfKn]h' 1. ;Kt/L
2= kfFry/ 2. l;/fxf
3= Onfd 3. wg'iff
4= ;+v'jf;ef 4. dxf]Q/L
5= t]x|y'd 5. ;nf{xL
6= wgs'6f 6. /f}tx6
7= ef]hk'/ 7. af/f
8= vf]6f 8. k;f{
9= ;f]n'v'Da'
10= cf]vn9'+uf
11= pbok'/
12= emfkf
13= df]/
14= ;'g;/L
182
@)&@.^.#
k|b]z g+= # k|b]z g+= $

1. bf]nvf 1. uf]/vf
2. /fd]5fk 2. ndh'
3. l;Gw'nL 3. tgx'F
4. sfe|]knf~rf]s 4. sf:sL
5. l;Gw'kfNrf]s 5. dgf
6. /;'jf 6. d':tf
7. g'jfsf]6 7. kj{t
8. wflb 8. :ofhf
9. lrtjg 9. DofUbL
10. dsjfgk'/ 10. afUn'
11. eQmk'/ 11. gjnk/f;L -ab{3f6
;':tf k"j{_
12. nlntk'/
13. sf7df8f}+
183
@)&@.^.#
k|b]z g+= % k|b]z g+= ^

1= gjnk/f;L -ab{3f6 ;':tf 1= ?s'd -klZrd efu_
klZrd_ 2= ;Nofg
2= kGb]xL 3= 8f]Nkf
3= slkna:t' 4= h'Dnf
4= kfNkf 5= d'u'
5= c3f{vfFrL 6= x'Dnf
6= u'NdL 7= sflnsf]6
7= ?s'd -k"jL{ efu_ 8= hfh/sf]6
8= /f]Nkf 9= b}n]v
9= Ko"7fg 10= ;'v{]t
10= bf
11= afFs]
12= alb{of
k|b]z g+= &
1= afh'/f
2= aemf
3= 8f]6L
4= c5fd
5= bfr{'nf
6= a}t8L
7= 88]Nw'/f
8= s~rgk'/
9= s}nfnL
184
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL%
-wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -!_ / wf/f !)( ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;+3sf] clwsf/sf] ;"rL
qm=;+= ljifox
! /Iff / ;]gf ;DaGwL
-s_ /fli6o Pstf / ef}uf]lns cv08tfsf] ;+/If0f
-v_ /fli6o ;'/Iff ;DaGwL
@ o'4 / k|lt/Iff
# xftxltof/, v/vhfgf sf/vfgf tyf pTkfbg ;DaGwL
$ s]Gb|Lo k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, /fli6o u'Ktr/ tyf cg';Gwfg,

zflGt ;'/Iff
% s]Gb|Lo of]hgf, s]Gb|Lo a}+s, ljQLo gLlt, d'b|f / a}+ls\u, df}lb|s

gLlt, ljb]zL cg'bfg, ;xof]u / C0f
^ k//fi6 tyf s"6gLlts dfldnf, cGt/f{li6o ;DaGw / ;+o'Qm

/fi6;+3 ;DaGwL
& cGt/f{li6o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf, ;'k'b{uL, kf/:kl/s sfg"gL ;xfotf /

cGt/f{li6o ;Ldf, cGt/f{li6o ;Ldf gbL,
* b"/;~rf/, /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] afF8kmfF8, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / x'nfs
185
@)&@.^.#
( eG;f/, cGtMz'Ns, d"No clej[l4 s/, ;+:yfut cfos/, JolQmut

cfos/, kfl/>lds s/, /fxbfgL z'Ns, le;f z'Ns, ko{6g b:t'/,
;]jf z'Ns b:t'/, b08 hl/afgf
!) ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf, Gofo ;]jf / cGo ;/sf/L ;]jf
!! hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ax'cfoflds pkof]u ;DaGwL gLlt / dfkb08
!@ cGt/b]zLo tyf cGt/k|b]z ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg
!# s]Gb|Lo tYof+s -/fli6o / cGt/f{li6o dfgs / u'0f:t/_
!$ s]Gb|Lo :t/sf 7"nf ljB't, l;+rfO / cGo cfof]hgf tyf kl/of]hgf
!% s]Gb|Lo ljZjljBfno, s]Gb|Lo:t/sf k|1f k|lti7fg, ljZjljBfno

dfkb08 / lgodg, s]Gb|Lo k':tsfno
!^ :jf:Yo gLlt, :jf:Yo ;]jf, :jf:Yo dfkb08, u'0f:t/ / cg'udg,

/fli6o jf ljlzi6 ;]jf k|bfos c:ktfn, k/Dk/fut pkrf/ ;]jf,
;?jf /f]u lgoGq0f
!& ;+3Lo ;+;b, ;+3Lo sfo{kflnsf, :yfgLo tx ;DaGwL dfldnf,

ljz]if ;+/rgf
!* cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/, ljlgdo, aGb/ufx, Sjf/]G6fOg
!( xjfO{ p8\8og, cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yn
@) /fli6o oftfoft gLlt, /]n tyf /fli6o nf]sdfu{sf] Joj:yfkg
186
@)&@.^.#
@! ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, pRr cbfnt, lhNnf cbfnt tyf Gofo k|zf;g

;DaGwL sfg"g
@@ gful/stf, /fxbfgL, le;f, cWofudg
@# cf0fljs pmhf{, jfo'd08n / cGtl/If ;DaGwL
@$ af}l4s ;DklQ -k]6]G6, l8hfOg, 6]8dfs{ / k|ltlnlk clwsf/ ;d]t_
@% gfktf}n
@^ vfgL pTvgg
@& /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg, /fli6o lgs'~h,

jGohGt' cf/If tyf l;d;f/ If]q, /fli6o jg gLlt, sfa{g ;]jf
@* aLdf gLlt, lwtf]kq, ;xsf/L lgodg
@( e"pkof]u gLlt, a:tL ljsf; gLlt, ko{6g gLlt, jftfj/0f cg's"ng
#) kmf}hbf/L, b]jfgL sfg"gsf] lgdf{0f
#! ;'/lIft 5fkfvfgf
#@ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / u/LaL lgjf/0f
## ;+j}wflgs lgsfox, /fli6o dxTjsf cfof]ux
#$ k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf :yfg / k|frLg :df/s
187
@)&@.^.#
#% ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rLdf jf ;femf ;"rLdf

pNn]v gePsf] s'g} ljifo tyf of] ;+ljwfg / ;+3Lo sfg"gdf
gtf]lsPsf] ljifo
188
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL^
-wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -@_, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(&, wf/f @#!
sf] pkwf/f -#_, wf/f @#@ sf] pkwf/f -&_, wf/f @&$ sf] pkwf/f -$_ /
wf/f @(^ sf] pkwf/f -$_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
k|b]zsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rL
qm=;+= ljifox
1. k|b]z k|x/L k|zf;g / zflGt ;'/Iff
2. g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] gLlt cg'?k ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;~rfng,

;xsf/L ;+:yf, s]Gb|sf] ;xdltdf j}b]lzs cg'bfg / ;xof]u
3. /]l8of], Pkm= Pd, 6]lnlehg ;~rfng
4. 3/ hUuf /lhi6]zg z'Ns, ;jf/L ;fwg s/, dgf]/~hg s/,

lj1fkg s/, ko{6g, s[lif cfodf s/, ;]jf z'Ns b:t'/, b08
hl/jfgf
5. k|b]z lghfdtL ;]jf / cGo ;/sf/L ;]jf
6. k|b]z tYof+s
7. k|b]z :t/sf] ljB't, l;rfO / vfg]kfgL ;]jf, kl/jxg
8. k|b]z ljZjljBfno, pRr lzIff, k':tsfno, ;+u|xfno
189
@)&@.^.#
9. :jf:Yo ;]jf
10. k|b]z ;ef, k|b]z dlGqkl/ifb ;DaGwL
11. k|b]zleqsf] Jofkf/
12. k|b]z nf]sdfu{
13. k|b]z cg';Gwfg Ao'/f]
14. k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{noxsf] ef}lts Joj:yfkg / cGo

cfjZos ljifo
15. k|b]z nf]s ;]jf cfof]u
16. e"ld Joj:yfkg, hUufsf] clen]v
17. vfgL cGj]if0f / Joj:yfkg
18. efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, nlntsnf / wd{sf] ;+/If0f / k|of]u
19. k|b]zleqsf] /fli6o jg, hn pkof]u tyf jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg
20. s[lif tyf kz' ljsf;, snsf/vfgf, cf}Bf]lusLs/0f, Jofkf/

Joj;fo, oftfoft,
21. u'7L Joj:yfkg
190
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL&
-wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -#_, wf/f !)(, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(&
;Fu ;DalGwt_
;+3 / k|b]zsf] ;femf clwsf/sf] ;"rL
qm=;+= ljifox
1. kmf}hbf/L tyf b]jfgL sfo{ljlw / k|df0f / zky -sfg"gL dfGotf,

;fj{hlgs sfo{ / clen]v / Goflos k|lqmof_
2. cfjZos j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{, ljt/0f, d"No lgoGq0f,

u'0f:t/ / cg'udg
3. b]zsf] ;'/Iff;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf lgjf/s gh/aGb, sf/fuf/

tyf lx/f;t Joj:yfkg / zflGt ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf
4. Ps k|b]zaf6 csf]{ k|b]zdf cleo'Qm, y'g'jf / s}bLsf] :yfgfGt/0f
5. kfl/jfl/s dfldnf -ljjfx, ;DklQ x:tfGt/0f, ;DaGw ljR5]b,

nf]kf]Gd'v, 6'x'/f, wd{k'q, wd{k'qL pQ/flwsf/ / ;+o'Qm kl/jf/_
;DaGwL sfg"g
6. ;DklQ k|flKt, clwu|x0f / clwsf/sf] ;[hgf
7. s/f/, ;xsf/L, ;fem]bf/L / Ph]G;L ;DaGwL
8. 6f6 kN6]sf] / bfdf;fxL ;DaGwL
9. cf}iflw / ljifflb
191
@)&@.^.#
10. of]hgf, kl/jf/ lgof]hg / hg;+Vof Joj:yfkg
11. ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / /f]huf/L, 6]8 o'lgog, cf}Bf]lus ljjfbsf]

;dfwfg, >ldssf xs, clwsf/ / ljjfb ;DaGwL sfo{
12. sfg"g Joj;fo, n]vfk/LIf0f, OlGhlgol/, lrlsT;f, cfo'j{]b

lrlsT;f, kz' lrlsT;f, cfDrL / cGo k]zf
13. k|b]z ;Ldf gbL, hndfu{, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, h}ljs ljljwtf
14. ;~rf/ dfWod ;DaGwL
15. pBf]u tyf vlgh / ef}lts k"jf{wf/
16. Sofl;gf], lr7\7f
17. k|fs[lts tyf u}/ k|fs[lts ljkb k"j{ tof/L, p4f/ tyf /fxt /
k'gnf{e
18. ko{6g, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO
19. rnlrq, l;g]df xn, v]ns"b
20. aLdf Joj;fo ;~rfng / Joj:yfkg
21. u/LaL lgjf/0f / cf}Bf]uLs/0f
22. j}1flgs cg';Gwfg, lj1fg k|ljlw / dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;
23. cGt/k|fb]lzs kdf km}lnPsf] h+un, lxdfn, jg ;+/If0f If]q hn

192
@)&@.^.#
pkof]u
24. e"ld gLlt / ;f] ;DaGwL sfg"g
25. /f]huf/L / a]/f]huf/ ;xfotf
193
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL*
-wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f @!$ sf] pkwf/f -@_, wf/f @@! sf] pkwf/f
-@_ / wf/f @@^ sf] pkwf/f -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
:yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rL
qm=;+ ljifox
1. gu/ k|x/L
2. ;xsf/L ;+:yf
3. Pkm= Pd ;~rfng
4. :yfgLo s/ -;DklQ s/, 3/ axfn s/, 3/ hUuf /lhi6]zg z'Ns,
;jf/L ;fwg s/_, ;]jf z'Ns b:t'/, ko{6g z'Ns, lj1fkg s/,
Joj;fo s/, e"lds/ -dfnkf]t_, b08 hl/jfgf, dgf]/~hg s/,
dfnkf]t ;+sng
5. :yfgLo ;]jfsf] Joj:yfkg

6. :yfgLo tYof+s / clen]v ;+sng
7. :yfgLo :t/sf ljsf; cfof]hgf tyf kl/of]hgfx
8. cfwf/e"t / dfWolds lzIff
9. cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo / ;/;kmfO
10. :yfgLo ahf/ Joj:yfkg, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f / h}ljs ljljwtf
11. :yfgLo ;8s, u|fdL0f ;8s, s[lif ;8s, l;+rfO

12. ufpF ;ef, gu/ ;ef, lhNnf ;ef, :yfgLo cbfnt, d]nldnfk /
dWo:ytfsf] Joj:yfkg
13. :yfgLo clen]v Joj:yfkg

14. 3/ hUuf wgL k'hf{ ljt/0f
194
@)&@.^.#
15. s[lif tyf kz'kfng, s[lif pTkfbg Joj:yfkg, kz' :jf:Yo, ;xsf/L
16. Ho]i7 gful/s, ckf+utf ePsf JolQm / czQmxsf] Joj:yfkg
17. a]/f]huf/sf] tYof+s ;+sng
18. s[lif k|;f/sf] Joj:yfkg, ;+rfng / lgoGq0f

19. vfg]kfgL, ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf, j}slNks pmhf{
20. ljkb Joj:yfkg
21. hnfwf/, jGohGt', vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy{sf] ;+/If0f
22. efiff, ;+:s[lt / nlntsnfsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;
195
@)&@.^.#
cg';"rL
L(
-wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -%_, wf/f !)(, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(&,
wf/f @!$ sf] pkwf/f -@_, wf/f @@! sf] pkwf/f -@_ / wf/f @@^ sf] pkwf/f
-!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;femf ;"rL
qm=;+ ljifox
1= ;xsf/L
2= lzIff, v]ns"b / kqklqsf
3= :jf:Yo
4= s[lif
5= ljB't, vfg]kfgL, l;+rfO h:tf ;]jfx
6= ;]jf z'Ns, b:t'/, b08 hl/jfgf tyf k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 k|fKt
/f]oN6L, ko{6g z'Ns
7= jg, h+un, jGohGt', r/fr'?+uL, hn pkof]u, jftfj/0f,
kof{j/0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtf
8= vfgL tyf vlgh
9= ljkb Joj:yfkg
10= ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / u/LaL lgjf/0f
11= JolQmut 36gf, hGd, d[To', ljjfx / tYof+s
12= k'/ftTj, k|frLg :df/s / ;+u|xfno
13= ;'s'Daf;L Joj:yfkg
14= k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 k|fKt /f]oN6L
15= ;jf/L ;fwg cg'dlt
;+ljwfg;ef cWoIff/f k|dfl0ft ldlt M )&@)^ )#)!
cf1fn]
dgf]x/ k|;fb e/fO{
e/fO{
;+ljwfg ;efsf] dxf;lrj
dxf;lrj
!(^
d'b|0f ljefu, l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+df d'lb|t . d"No ?= !).
!).
uf]=x'=b=g+= !^.@)^@.^#
196

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v08 ^%_ cltl/Qmf !% g]kfn /fhkq efu ! ldlt @)&@.

g]kfn /fhkq g]kfn ;/sf/f/f k|sflzt

;+lIfKt gfd, k|f/De / vf/]hL

g]kfnsf] /fli6o em08f agfpg] t/Lsf

g]kfnsf] /fli6o ufg

;of+} y'Fuf km"nsf xfdL Pp6} dfnf g]kfnL

g]kfnsf] lgzfg 5fk

b|i6Jo M of] lgzfg 5fk cfjZostf cg';f/ 7"nf] jf ;fgf]

k|b]z g+= ! k|b]z g+= @

k|b]z g+= # k|b]z g+= $

k|b]z g+= % k|b]z g+= ^

! /Iff / ;]gf ;DaGwL

-s_ /fli6o Pstf / ef}uf]lns cv08tfsf] ;+/If0f

-v_ /fli6o ;'/Iff ;DaGwL

# xftxltof/, v/vhfgf sf/vfgf tyf pTkfbg ;DaGwL

$ s]Gb|Lo k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, /fli6o u'Ktr/ tyf cg';Gwfg,

% s]Gb|Lo of]hgf, s]Gb|Lo a}+s, ljQLo gLlt, d'b|f / a}+ls\u, df}lb|s

^ k//fi6 tyf s"6gLlts dfldnf, cGt/f{li6o ;DaGw / ;+o'Qm

& cGt/f{li6o ;lGw jf ;Demf}tf, ;'k'b{uL, kf/:kl/s sfg"gL ;xfotf /

* b"/;~rf/, /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] afF8kmfF8, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / x'nfs

( eG;f/, cGtMz'Ns, d"No clej[l4 s/, ;+:yfut cfos/, JolQmut

!) ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf, Gofo ;]jf / cGo ;/sf/L ;]jf

!! hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ax'cfoflds pkof]u ;DaGwL gLlt / dfkb08

!@ cGt/b]zLo tyf cGt/k|b]z ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg

!# s]Gb|Lo tYof+s -/fli6o / cGt/f{li6o dfgs / u'0f:t/_

!$ s]Gb|Lo :t/sf 7"nf ljB't, l;+rfO / cGo cfof]hgf tyf kl/of]hgf

!% s]Gb|Lo ljZjljBfno, s]Gb|Lo:t/sf k|1f k|lti7fg, ljZjljBfno

!^ :jf:Yo gLlt, :jf:Yo ;]jf, :jf:Yo dfkb08, u'0f:t/ / cg'udg,

!& ;+3Lo ;+;b, ;+3Lo sfo{kflnsf, :yfgLo tx ;DaGwL dfldnf,

!* cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/, ljlgdo, aGb/ufx, Sjf/]G6fOg

!( xjfO{ p8\8og, cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yn

@) /fli6o oftfoft gLlt, /]n tyf /fli6o nf]sdfu{sf] Joj:yfkg

@! ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, pRr cbfnt, lhNnf cbfnt tyf Gofo k|zf;g

@@ gful/stf, /fxbfgL, le;f, cWofudg

@# cf0fljs pmhf{, jfo'd08n / cGtl/If ;DaGwL

@$ af}l4s ;DklQ -k]6]G6, l8hfOg, 6]8dfs{ / k|ltlnlk clwsf/ ;d]t_

@& /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg, /fli6o lgs'~h,

@* aLdf gLlt, lwtf]kq, ;xsf/L lgodg

@( e"pkof]u gLlt, a:tL ljsf; gLlt, ko{6g gLlt, jftfj/0f cg's"ng

#) kmf}hbf/L, b]jfgL sfg"gsf] lgdf{0f

#@ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / u/LaL lgjf/0f

## ;+j}wflgs lgsfox, /fli6o dxTjsf cfof]ux

#$ k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf :yfg / k|frLg :df/s

#% ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rLdf jf ;femf ;"rLdf

k|b]zsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rL

1. k|b]z k|x/L k|zf;g / zflGt ;'/Iff

2. g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] gLlt cg'?k ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;~rfng,

3. /]l8of], Pkm= Pd, 6]lnlehg ;~rfng

4. 3/ hUuf /lhi6]zg z'Ns, ;jf/L ;fwg s/, dgf]/~hg s/,

5. k|b]z lghfdtL ;]jf / cGo ;/sf/L ;]jf

7. k|b]z :t/sf] ljB't, l;rfO / vfg]kfgL ;]jf, kl/jxg

8. k|b]z ljZjljBfno, pRr lzIff, k':tsfno, ;+u|xfno

10. k|b]z ;ef, k|b]z dlGqkl/ifb ;DaGwL

11. k|b]zleqsf] Jofkf/

12. k|b]z nf]sdfu{

13. k|b]z cg';Gwfg Ao'/f]

14. k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{noxsf] ef}lts Joj:yfkg / cGo

15. k|b]z nf]s ;]jf cfof]u

16. e"ld Joj:yfkg, hUufsf] clen]v

17. vfgL cGj]if0f / Joj:yfkg

18. efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, nlntsnf / wd{sf] ;+/If0f / k|of]u

19. k|b]zleqsf] /fli6o jg, hn pkof]u tyf jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg