50 Years of SID Symposia Nurturing Progress in AMLCD Technology

1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000-2012

AM Technology SID Award Winners
2002 2004 2006
1968 1972 1978 1983 1984 1988 1995 42V TV 57V TV 108V TV Jan Raichman Prize Special recognition Award
First Active Matrix First AMLCD patent First AMLCD Projection 5V aSi AMLCD TV 5V pSi AMLCD TV 8V Avionic Display 15V Computer Monitor LG, Sharp, Samsung Samsung, LG Sharp
Peter LeComber 1994 Peter Brody 1975
Liquid Crystal Display (AMLCD) Westinghouse Light Valve Seiko Epson Matsushita GE Hoshiden
RCA
Webster Howard 2003 Shinji Morozumi 1988
Hughes 2001 2002 2007 Hideo Hosono 2009 Tatsuo Uchida 1988
High-Resolution AMLCDs Flexible AMLCDs 120 Hz TV
IBM Sony, Sharp Sharp, Samsung Karl Ferdinand Braun Prize Fang-Chen Luo 1990

AMLCD
1988
1962 1972 1992-1993 1995 Peter Brody 1987 Karel E. Kuijk 1992
10V AMLCD Laptop
First Liquid Crystal First AMLCD prototype Commercial expansion Time-Multiplexed 3D AMLCD Shigeo Aoki 1994
Mitsubishi Cambridge University 2001 Jun Suok 2012
Light Valve & Patent using CdSe TFTs of projection TFT LCDs Masaya Hijkigawa 1995
Products RCA Westinghouse Seiko Epson, Sharp Low-Power AM-Electrophoretic
Displays
E-Ink, IBM, Lucent, Princeton
Frances Rice Darne Mem. Award
Bernard Lechner 1971
Tsunekiyo Iwakawa
Takeo Sugiura
1995
1995
Slottow-Owaki Prize Yasuhisa Oana 1995
1986
Ernst Lueder 2009 Thomas Buzak 1996
pSi Projection Light Valve
Seiko Epson Michel leContellec 1996
Fellows
Francois Morin 1998
Bernard Lechner 1970
Katsumi Kondo 1998
Peter Brody 1983
Rudolph Kiefer 1998
Webster Howard 1983
John C.C. Fan 1999
Zvi Yaniv 1989
Yasuyuki Gotoh 1999
1970 1978 1981 Setsuo Kanako 1990
Kenji Okamoto 1999
First CdSe Thin Film First amorphous-silicon MIM diode LCDs Masami Yoshiyama 1991
Transistor TFT aSi TFT Seiko Epson, OIS, Philips 2006 Kouji Suzuki 1999
First ZnO TFT Display Fang-Chen Luo 1992
Westinghouse University of Dundee, RCA 1992 Yasumasa Takeuchi 1999
Crystalline-Si Projection
1998 Kochi University, Casio Hiroo Hori 1995
1988 First pentacene organic Malcolm Thompson 1999
Low-Resistance Wiring AMLCDs Chizuka Tani 1996
TFTs Nobuki Ibaraki 2000
Active Matrix 1975
Toshiba Kopin, Sarnoff Pennsylvania State University Alan Knapp
Gnter Bauer
Fumiaki Funada
1996
1997
1998
Taiishire Kurita
Yoshifumi Shimodaira
2002
2002
2000

Technology Liquid-Crystal-on-Silicon 1995 Jing Jang 2003

First aSi AMLCD with Simplified 5-mask aSi Process Ernst Lueder 1998
LCoS TFT Samsung, LG, AUO Haruhiko Okumura 2004
Hughes Integrated Scanners Shinji Morozumi 1998
Hsuan-Bin Chen 2004
Sarnoff, Thomson GP Shoichi Matsumoto 1999
Hideki Asada 2006
Hiroyuki Ohshima 2000
Jun Souk 2006
Takeo Sugiura 2001
Joseph Jacobson 2006
Nebuki Ibaraki 2003
Hirofumi Wakemoto 2006
Alan Lien 2003
John Rupp 2007
I-Wei Wu 2003
In-Jae Chung 2007
Kouji Suzuki 2004
Peter Bocko 2009
Willem Den Boer 2006
Hideo Hosono 2009
1980 1983 1988 2003 2005 Jin Jang 2006
Passive-Matrix LCD with Active-Matrix increases Black-Matrix increases CR > 1,000:1 Local Dimming Improves Byung Chul Ahn 2009
Kalluri Sarma 2007
20 viewing angle, Contrast CR to 20:1 CR to 100:1 Chi-Mei Optoelectronics CR > 100,000:1 Lorne Whitehead 2010
John Zhong 2009
Ratio 2:1 Univ of Electro-Com Tokyo Helge Seetzen 2010
Jun Souk 2009
Gregory Ward 2010
Min-Koo Han 2009

AMLCD
2000 Tieer Gu 2011
1995 1998 2002 2005 Sang Soo Kim 2009
Patterned Vertical Alignment Oh-Kyong Kwon 2011
In Plane Switching for Vertical Alignment improves for improved viewing angle LED backlit AMLCD Multi-Primary AMLCDs Wei Chen 2010
Shigeaki Mizushima 2012

Image Quality
improved viewing angle viewing angle, CR and contrast Advanced Display Inc. expand color gamut Haruhiko Okumura 2010
Hitachi Fujitsu Philips, Samsung Masayuki Sugawara 2012
Samsung Roger Stewart 2010
John Wager 2012
In Jae Chung 2011
Brian Berkeley 2012
1996 1996 2000
Planarized ITO improves Retardation films improve 170 viewing angle
angle, brightness, CR viewing angle Fujitsu, Sharp, Philips, LG
Sharp, NEC, OIS Fuji, OIS Please Note . . .

This panel on the evolution of AMLCDs over the past 47 years is a sampling of what are perceived as TRULY
SIGNIFICANT milestones that led to advancements which had major impact on commercialization of AMLCD
technology.

The field of AMLCDs is very broad. The milestone chart shows the advances in technology and products along four
1992 2000 strands: AMLCD Products that were commercial/industrial successes, Active Matrix Technology developments,
1984 1997 1998 2002 improvements in AMLCD Image Quality, and significant developments in AMLCD Electronics.
Analog data drivers 6 bit data drivers High-speed analog 8 bit digital data drivers Digital display interfaces 10 bit data drivers
Seiko Epson display interfaces Vivid Semiconductor (DVI, HDMI) Sharp Please note that for ease of interpretation the chart milestones regarding size (expressed in diagonal viewable area in
Silicon Image, National Semi TI, Silicon Image inches), contrast ratio and viewing angle are aligned in distinct rows the former in the AMLCD Products band (top,
green), the latter two in the AMLCD Image Quality band (third from top, blue).

AMLCD
Progress in the technology of AMLCD relied on major contributions by many companies, institutions and individuals
1992 too numerous to mention. This chart cannot claim to be comprehensive in acknowledging all those contributions, but it
Overdrive reduces motion blur does attempt to capture those advances that had both pervasive and significant impact for a substantial period of time
1984 on the display industry.
Line and dot inversion Toshiba, Honeywell

Electronics hide flicker

Seiko Epson, Philips, GE

Contributors to initially generating (2003) and in 2010/12

revising this Milestone Technology Chart

2003 - Willem den Boer (chair), Fang-Chen Luo, Ernst Lueder, Roger Stewart
2010/12 Revision Roger Stewart (chief architect)