SUCTION HEAD CALCULATION

Head loss calculation using ( 2 ) HAZEN-WILLIAMS Formula

Local factors of fittings

Total heal (DH+GH) / pipe

Accumulative Pressure
ID Pipe Inner diameter

RE Reynolds number
DN Nominal diameter

Loss m per 100 m

C Hazen constant

Total local factors

2.0 check / foot valve

V Mean Velocity

dh(2) Local loss

dh(1) Liner loss
no. part of pipe

1.0 discharge outlet

0.2 elbow ( 45 leg.)
0.3 elbow ( 90 leg.)

GH Static heal

Loss m per m
0.6 Butterfly valve
L Pipe length

DH Total loss
Q Flow rate

8.0 Globe valve

0.2 gate valve

2.0 Strainer
0.5 reducer
0.9 tee
no. DN mm m mm m3/h l/s 1/1 m m/s 1/1 1/1 m m m m m m

Horizontal part 10" GI 254 12 130 118.0 32.8 1 1 1 1 3.6 0.64454 164009.91 0.00177 0.18 0.02 0.076 0.1 0.1 0.1

Horizontal part 250 PVC 212.8 70 145 236.0 65.6 2 0.6 1.84322 392236.49 0.01248 1.25 0.87 0.104 0.98 0.98 1.08

Vertical part 250 PVC 212.8 21 145 236.0 65.6 1 1 1 4.3 3 1.84322 392236.49 0.01248 1.25 0.26 0.745 1.01 4.01 5.08

TOTAL 103 1 0 0 2 0 3 1 0 3 1.16 0.925 2.08 5.08

DATA : Pump model 5CR90-2-2

No. of pumps 2 ( Running in parallel )
Flow rate 118.0 m3/h Total flow : 236 m3/h
Water temp. 40 deg.C
Required N.P.S.H. 4.0 m ( at duty point 118 m3/h )

Available N.P.S.H. = Pb x 10.2.- Hg - Hf - Hv - Hs > Required N.P.S.H. (Net Positiv Suction Head )
10.20 Where + m Pb Atmospheric Pressure = 1 bar x 10.2 m
3.00 - m Hg Total Static Head ( = water level - pump level )
2.08 - m Hf total friction loss ( See above table )
0.73 - m Hv Vapor Pressure at Ambient Temperature = 40 deg.C ( See attached table )
0.50 - m Hs Safety margin
Available N.P.S.H 3.88 m

So, Required N.P.S.H. = 4.0 m ( Required NPSH of the pump at duty point ) > 3.88 m Result = not ok
 Page ( 1 )

Head Loss Calculations:

The total friction loss Hs Consist of:

Hs = Hs1 + Hs2 . (1)

Where: Hs1 : Friction loss Inside pipes

Hs2 : Friction loss inside fittings

Linear friction loss equation:

Hs = J . L ... .... (2)

J = l . V / ( 2 g D ) .... (3)

Where: J : linear loss factor

L : length Of the pipe (m.)
l : friction loss factor (COLBROOK-WHITE formula)
V : velocity of water (m/s)
g : gravity acceleration (9.81 m/s)
D : pipe inside diameter (m.)

COLBROOK WHITE formula:.. ( 4 )

1 k 2.51
= - 2 x log [ + )
sqr(l) 3.7 x D Re x sqr( l )

Where: K : pipe inside Surface roughness (m.)

D : pipe inside diameter (m.)
RE : REYNOLDS no. is given as follows: (1/1)

RE = V x D / n . ( 5 )

Where: n : water viscosity= ( n = 1E-06 m2/s)

V : velocity of water (m/s)
D : pipe inside diameter (m.)

V = Q/A .... ( 6 )

Where: Q : flow rate (m/s)

A : cross section are of the pipe (m)

Data for the first pipe : 10" GI Pipe type & size 10"
273 mm Out side diameter (mm)
9.27 mm Wall thickness (mm)

D = 0.25446 m : pipe inside diameter (m.)

K = 0.13 m : pipe inside Surface roughness (m.)
 0 Page ( 2 )

Flow : Q = 118.0 m3/h = 32.778 l/s = 0.03278 m /sec

A = p x D2 / 4 = 3.14 x 0.254 / 4 = 0.05085 m

V = Q/A = 0.645 m/s

Re = V x D / n = .645 x 0.2545 / 0.000001 = 164009.91

1 0.13 2.51
= - 2 log [ + ]
sqr(l) 3.7 x 0.254 164009.9 x sqr( l )

By solving above equation :

l= 0.00177

0.00177 x 0.6445 x 0.645

J = l . V / ( 2 g D ) = = 0.00177 m/m
2 x 9.81 x 0.2545

Loss m per 100 m = J x 100 = 0.00177 x 100 m = 0.177 m / 100m

Pipe length L = 12.0 m

dh(1) Liner loss = J x L = 0.00177 x 12.0 = 0.021 m

Local losses equation is given as follows:

HS2 = SUM ZE . V / ( 2 . G ) .... (7)

Where: G : Gravity acceleration (9.81 m/s)

V : Velocity of water (m/s)
SUM ZE : Sum of local loss factors

SUM ZE = gate valve 1 x 0.2 = 0.2

Butterfly valve 0 x 0.6 = 0
Globe valve 0 x 8 = 0
check / foot valve 1 x 2 = 2
elbow ( 45 leg.) 0 x 0.2 = 0
elbow ( 90 leg.) 0 x 0.3 = 0
tee 1 x 0.9 = 0.9
reducer 1 x 0.5 = 0.5
Strainer 0 x 2 = 0
discharge outlet 0 x 1 = 0
Total local factors = 3.60

HS2 = SUM ZE . V / ( 2 . g )

0.6445 X 0.6445
HS(2) = SUM ZE.x V / ( 2 g ) = 3.6 x 2 x 9.81 = 0.0762 m

DH Total loss = HS1 + HS2 = 0.021 + 0.076 = 0.098 m

Total heal (DH+GH) / pipe = Static head + Friction losses . ( 8 )

= 0.0 + 0.098 = 0.098 m

0 Page ( 3 )

Data for the second pipe : 250 GI Pipe type & size 250
250 mm Out side diameter (mm)
18.6 mm Wall thickness (mm)

D = 0.2128 m : pipe inside diameter (m.)

K = 0.145 m : pipe inside Surface roughness (m.)

Flow : Q = 236.0 m3/h = 65.556 l/s = 0.06556 m /sec

A = p x D2 / 4 = 3.14 x 0.213 / 4 = 0.03556 m
V = Q/A = 1.843 m/s

Re = V x D / n = 1.843 x 0.2128 / 0.000001 = 392236.49

1 0.145 2.51
= - 2 log [ + ]
sqr(l) 3.7 x 0.213 392236.5 x sqr( l )

By solving above equation : l= 0.01248

0.01248 x 1.8432 x 1.843

J = l . V / ( 2 g D ) = 2 x 9.81 x 0.2128 = 0.01248 m/m

Loss m per 100 m = J x 100 = 0.01248 x 100 m = 1.248 m / 100m

Pipe length L = 70.0 m

dh(1) Liner loss = J x L = 0.01248 x 70.0 = 0.874 m

Local losses equation is given as follows:

HS2 = SUM ZE . V / ( 2 . G )

SUM ZE = gate valve 0 x 0.2 = 0

Butterfly valve 0 x 0.6 = 0
Globe valve 0 x 8 = 0
check / foot valve 0 x 2 = 0
elbow ( 45 leg.) 0 x 0.2 = 0
elbow ( 90 leg.) 2 x 0.3 = 0.6
tee 0 x 0.9 = 0
reducer 0 x 0.5 = 0
Strainer 0 x 2 = 0
discharge outlet 0 x 1 = 0
Total local factors = 0.60

HS2 = SUM ZE . V / ( 2 . g )

1.8432 X 1.8432
HS(2) = SUM ZE.x V / ( 2 g ) = 0.6 x 2 x 9.81 = 0.1039 m

DH Total loss = HS1 + HS2 = 0.874 + 0.104 = 0.978 m

Total heal (DH+GH) / pipe = Static head + Friction losses

 = 0.0 + 0.978 = 0.978 m

Total Head for pipe 1 & 2 = 0.098 + 0.978 = 1.075 m

Other pipes are calculated same as above, All data and results are arranged in the following table :