Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Prof. Nirjhar Dhang

Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur
Design of Multi-storeyed Building Frame

Part-I to V
Design of Multi-storeyed Building Frame
Overview
1 Design of reinforced concrete elements
2 Design of G+3 storeyed school building
3 Plane frame analysis
4 Design of beams
5 Summary
6 IS Codes
Design of reinforced concrete elements
In any structure, stresses may be developed due to

Axial force
Flexure
Shear
Torsion
We, now, know how to design

Beams
Singly reinforced section
Doubly reinforced section
Flanged setion
For shear
Slabs
One way slab
Two way slab
Columns
Short columns
Long columns
Footings
Staircases
We also know how to check

For torsion
For deflection
At this stage, it may not be clear how to apply these design

methods to a full structure.
Therefore, we shall take an example of a framed structure.

Let us take an example of design of a G+3 storeyed school

building.
Design of G+3 storeyed school building
G+3 Storeyed School Building
Problem : 1 The plan of a G+3 storeyed school building is shown

in Fig. 1.1. This is a RCC framed structure and the two
dimensional frame at C is shown in Fig. 1.2. Design slabs,
beams and columns of the building
A B C D E F G H I
L1 1
2
L2
3
L3
4
Lbay
Figure 1: Building plan

A B C D E F G H I
L1 1
2
L2
3
L3
4
Lbay
Figure 2: Building plan

Figure 3: Elevation
Roof
Floor-3
Floor-2
Floor-1
C1 C2 C3 C4
Figure 4: Elevation at grid line C

School building
Figure 5: School Building : Footings

School building
Figure 6: School Building : 3D View-1

School building

School building

School building
Figure 9: School Building : without slab : 3D View -1

School building

School building

School building

School building
Figure 13: School Building : Planar frames : 3D View - 1

School building
Figure 14: School Building : Planar franes : 3D View - 2

Basic data
(i) Design shall conform to the following Indian Standard Codes

(a) IS : 875
(b) IS : 456
(c) IS : 1893
(ii) The concrete shall be of grade :M25
(iii) The steel shall be of grade :Fe415
(iv) The external brick walls shall be 250 mm thickness and the
internal walls shall be 125 mm
(v) The width of stairs shall be 1250 mm minimum
Basic data
(vi) The earthquake zone shall be considered as zone : III

(vii) Live load
(a) Live load on floor : 3.0 kN/m2
(b) Live load on corridor and staircase : 4.0 kN/m2 and
(c) Live load on roof : 3.0 kN/m2
(viii) The plinth level is to 600mm above ground level
(ix) The depth of foundation shall be at least 1200mm below ground
level and the safe bearing capacity of soil shall be taken as 150.0
kN/m2
Assumed data
(i) Thickness of slab = 125mm

(ii) Thickness of floor finish = 30mm
(iii) Thickness of ceiling plaster = 6mm
(iv) Unit weight of concrete = 25kN/m3
(v) Unit weight of floor finish = 24kN/m3
(vi) Unit weight of plastering = 24kN/m3
(vii) The dimension of external columns : 300mm 500mm
(viii) The dimension of internal columns : 300mm 500mm
(ix) The dimension of beams in rooms : 300mm 500mm
(x) The dimension of beams in corridors : 300mm 500mm
(xi) The dimension of cross beams : 300mm 350mm
Dead Load
(i) 125 mm thickness of slab (0.125 25.0) = 3.125kN/m2

(ii) 30 mm thickness of floor finish (0.030 24.0) = 0.720kN/m2
(iii) 6 mm thickness of ceiling plaster (0.006 24.0) = 0.144kN/m2
(iv) Dead load of slab, floor finish and ceiling plaster per sq.m
(3.125+0.720+0.144) = 3.989 kN/m2
(v) Dead load due to brickwall of thickness 250 mm
:(0.250 (3.500 0.500) 20.000) = 15.000kN/m
(vi) Dead load due to brickwall of thickness 125 mm
:(0.125 (3.500 0.500) 20.000) = 7.500kN/m
Dead Load
(vii) Length of each bay = 3.500 m

(viii) UDL per m length of beam due to slab, floor finish and ceiling
plaster(3.989 3.500)= 13.961 kN/m
(ix) UDL per m length of beam due to self weight of beam
(0.300 (0.500 0.125) 25.000) = 2.812kN/m
(x) UDL per m length of beam due to slab, floor finish,ceiling
plaster, internal brickwall and self weight of beam
(13.961 + 7.500 + 2.812)= 24.274kN/m
(xi) UDL per m length of beam due to slab, floor finish,ceiling
plaster, and self weight of beam (13.961 + 2.812)= 16.774kN/m
Live Load
(i)Length of each bay = 3.500 m

(ii)UDL per m length of beam due to live load in room
(3.000 3.500) = 10.500kN/m
(iii)UDL per m length of beam due to live load in corridor
(4.000 3.500) = 14.000kN/m
Loads in different floors
(i) Dead load of roof
= (2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

= 398.545kN
(ii) Live load of roof
= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

= 196.000kN
(iii) Dead load of third floor
(2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

= 398.545kN
(iv) Live load of third floor
= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

= 196.000kN
(v) Dead load of second floor
= (2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

= 398.545kN
(vi) Live load of second floor
= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

= 196.000kN
(vii) Dead load of first floor
= (2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

= 398.545kN
(viii) Live load of first floor
= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

= 196.000kN
Note: Both dead and live load of roof will be different from other
floors. For simplicity, same load is considered
Summary of weights in different floors

Floor Dead load Live load Total load
kN kN kN
(4) Roof 398.545 196.000 594.545
(3) Third floor 398.545 196.000 594.545
(2) Second floor 398.545 196.000 594.545
(1) First floor 398.545 196.000 594.545
Note: Both dead and live load of roof will be different from other
floors. For simplicity, same load is considered
Earthquake coefficient and base shear
(i) Earthquake zone : III

(ii) Earthquake zone : 0.160
(iii) Importance factor : 1.0
(iv) Moment resistance frame factor : 5.0
(v) Height of building, h : 14.600 m
(vi) Width of building, d : 17.500 m
h = 0.0914.600
(vii) Time period : 0.09d

17.500
=0.314s
Sa
(viii) g
= 2.500
(ix) Earthquake Coeff. : h = ( Z2 )( RI )( Sga ) = 0.040
(x) Base shear, Vb =h W = (0.040 2378.180)=95.127 KN
Determination of Lateral loads
Table 2 : Determination of Lateral loads

2
Level Wi (kN) hi (m) Wi hi 2 PWWi hiihi 2 Qi (kN)
Roof 594.545 14.600 126733.212 0.519 49.344
3rd Floor 594.545 11.100 73253.889 0.300 28.521
2nd Floor 594.545 7.600 34340.919 0.141 13.371
1st Floor 594.545 4.100 9994.301 0.041 3.891
2378.180 244322.322 1.000 95.127
Load combination
Table 3 : Load combination

Case DL factor LL factor EL factor
1 1.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.00 1.00 0.00
3 0.00 0.00 1.00
4 1.50 1.50 0.00
5 1.20 1.20 1.20
6 1.20 1.20 -1.20
7 1.50 0.00 1.50
8 1.50 0.00 -1.50
9 0.90 0.00 1.50
10 0.90 0.00 -1.50
Plane frame analysis
Table 2.1(a) : Nodal data (ground floor)

Node X Y Case Fx Fy Mz
id (m) (m) (kN) (kN) (kNm)
1 0.0 0
2 7.0 0
3 10.5 0
4 17.5 0
Table 2.1(b) : Nodal data (first floor)

5 0.0 4.1 3 3.891e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
6 3.5 4.1
7 7.0 4.1
8 8.75 4.1
9 10.5 4.1
10 14.0 4.1
11 17.5 4.1
Table 2.1(c) : Nodal data (second floor)

12 0.0 7.6 3 1.337e+01 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
13 3.5 7.6
14 7.0 7.6
15 8.75 7.6
16 10.5 7.6
17 14.0 7.6
18 17.5 7.6
Table 2.1(d) : Nodal data (third floor)

19 0.0 11.1 3 2.852e+01 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
20 3.5 11.1
21 7.0 11.1
22 8.75 11.1
23 10.5 11.1
24 14.0 11.1
25 17.5 11.1
Table 2.1(e) : Nodal data (roof)

26 0.0 14.6 3 4.934e+01 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
27 3.5 14.6
28 7.0 14.6
29 8.75 14.6
30 10.5 14.6
31 14.0 14.6
32 17.5 14.6
Table 2.2 : Nodal load (floor wise)

Node id Case Fx(kN) Fy(kN) Mz(kNm)
5 3 3.891e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
12 3 1.337e+01 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
19 3 2.852e+01 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
26 3 4.934e+01 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
Table 2.3(a) : Element data(left side columns)

Elem id I J Area(m2 ) Iz(m4 ) E(kN/m2 )
1 1 5 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
2 5 12 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
3 12 19 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
4 19 26 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(b) : Element data(left intermediate columns)

5 2 7 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
6 7 14 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
7 14 21 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
8 21 28 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(c) : Element data(right intermediate columns)

9 3 9 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
10 9 16 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
11 16 23 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
12 23 30 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(d) : Element data(right side columns)

13 4 11 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
14 11 18 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
15 18 25 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
16 25 32 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(e) : Element data(first floor beams)

17 5 6 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
18 6 7 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
19 7 8 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
20 8 9 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
21 9 10 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
22 10 11 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(f) : Element data(second floor beams)

23 12 13 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
24 13 14 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
25 14 15 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
26 15 16 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
27 16 17 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
28 17 18 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(g) : Element data(third floor beams)

29 19 20 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
30 20 21 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
31 21 22 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
32 22 23 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
33 23 24 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
34 24 25 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.3(h) : Element data(roof beams)

35 26 27 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
36 27 28 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
37 28 29 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
38 29 30 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
39 30 31 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
40 31 32 1.500e-01 3.125e-03 2.500e+10
Table 2.4.1(a) : Nodal displacement (ground floor)
Node id Case Disp. X(m) Disp. Y(m) Disp. Thz(rad)
1 1 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
2 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
3 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
2 1 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
2 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
3 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
3 1 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
2 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
3 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
4 1 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
2 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
3 0.000e+00 0.000e+00 0.000e+00
Table 2.4.2(a) : Nodal displacement (first floor)
5 1 -3.184e-08 -3.682e-07 -4.428e-07
2 -1.432e-08 -1.592e-07 -1.909e-07
3 3.088e-06 4.256e-08 -7.988e-07
6 1 -1.676e-08 -3.040e-06 3.489e-09
2 -7.777e-09 -1.318e-06 -3.401e-09
3 3.090e-06 -1.957e-07 3.335e-07
7 1 -1.678e-09 -5.033e-07 3.131e-07
2 -1.230e-09 -2.694e-07 1.101e-07
3 3.092e-06 7.209e-08 -5.097e-07
8 1 1.795e-21 -3.132e-07 3.947e-22
2 8.187e-22 -2.431e-07 1.184e-22
3 3.091e-06 -3.558e-10 1.928e-07
Table 2.4.2(b) : Nodal displacement (first floor)

9 1 1.678e-09 -5.033e-07 -3.131e-07
2 1.230e-09 -2.694e-07 -1.101e-07
3 3.090e-06 -7.243e-08 -5.093e-07
10 1 1.676e-08 -3.040e-06 -3.489e-09
2 7.777e-09 -1.318e-06 3.401e-09
3 3.085e-06 1.928e-07 3.326e-07
11 1 3.184e-08 -3.682e-07 4.428e-07
2 1.432e-08 -1.592e-07 1.909e-07
3 3.079e-06 -4.221e-08 -7.951e-07
Table 2.4.3(a) : Nodal displacement (second floor)
12 1 9.903e-09 -6.041e-07 -3.373e-07
2 4.095e-09 -2.613e-07 -1.471e-07
3 6.372e-06 6.713e-08 -7.221e-07
13 1 5.083e-09 -3.164e-06 -2.350e-08
2 2.125e-09 -1.393e-06 -2.272e-08
3 6.360e-06 -9.346e-08 3.183e-07
14 1 2.625e-10 -8.254e-07 2.417e-07
2 1.555e-10 -4.417e-07 8.330e-08
3 6.349e-06 1.119e-07 -5.129e-07
15 1 3.535e-21 -6.978e-07 4.367e-22
2 1.637e-21 -4.389e-07 1.850e-22
3 6.345e-06 -6.657e-10 1.600e-07
Table 2.4.3(b) : Nodal displacement (second floor)

16 1 -2.625e-10 -8.254e-07 -2.417e-07
2 -1.555e-10 -4.417e-07 -8.330e-08
3 6.342e-06 -1.125e-07 -5.121e-07
17 1 -5.083e-09 -3.164e-06 2.350e-08
2 -2.125e-09 -1.393e-06 2.272e-08
3 6.342e-06 8.810e-08 3.167e-07
18 1 -9.903e-09 -6.041e-07 3.373e-07
2 -4.095e-09 -2.613e-07 1.471e-07
3 6.341e-06 -6.653e-08 -7.151e-07
Table 2.4.4(a) : Nodal displacement (third floor)
19 1 -2.829e-08 -7.609e-07 -2.621e-07
2 -1.249e-08 -3.291e-07 -1.158e-07
3 9.191e-06 8.057e-08 -5.559e-07
20 1 -1.516e-08 -3.244e-06 -4.318e-08
2 -6.836e-09 -1.442e-06 -3.615e-08
3 9.169e-06 -3.122e-08 2.496e-07
21 1 -2.025e-09 -1.040e-06 1.952e-07
2 -1.183e-09 -5.568e-07 6.522e-08
3 9.147e-06 1.309e-07 -3.994e-07
22 1 5.130e-21 -9.536e-07 6.587e-22
2 2.200e-21 -5.698e-07 5.509e-23
3 9.140e-06 -9.678e-10 8.684e-08
Table 2.4.4(b) : Nodal displacement (third floor)

23 1 2.025e-09 -1.040e-06 -1.952e-07
2 1.183e-09 -5.568e-07 -6.522e-08
3 9.134e-06 -1.317e-07 -3.981e-07
24 1 1.516e-08 -3.244e-06 4.318e-08
2 6.836e-09 -1.442e-06 3.615e-08
3 9.129e-06 2.289e-08 2.469e-07
25 1 2.829e-08 -7.609e-07 2.621e-07
2 1.249e-08 -3.291e-07 1.158e-07
3 9.124e-06 -7.977e-08 -5.451e-07
Table 2.4.5(a) : Nodal displacement (roof)
26 1 7.598e-08 -8.384e-07 -7.864e-07
2 3.417e-08 -3.625e-07 -3.416e-07
3 1.107e-05 8.534e-08 -3.126e-07
27 1 4.066e-08 -4.054e-06 7.432e-09
2 1.879e-08 -1.778e-06 -1.166e-08
3 1.103e-05 1.862e-08 1.408e-07
28 1 5.341e-09 -1.149e-06 4.905e-07
2 3.408e-09 -6.148e-07 1.720e-07
3 1.099e-05 1.354e-07 -2.078e-07
29 1 6.253e-21 -8.038e-07 1.807e-22
2 2.521e-21 -5.344e-07 -3.776e-23
3 1.098e-05 -6.818e-10 -1.269e-08
Table 2.4.5(b) : Nodal displacement (roof)

30 1 -5.341e-09 -1.149e-06 -4.905e-07
2 -3.408e-09 -6.148e-07 -1.720e-07
3 1.097e-05 -1.363e-07 -2.072e-07
31 1 -4.066e-08 -4.054e-06 -7.432e-09
2 -1.879e-08 -1.778e-06 1.166e-08
3 1.096e-05 -2.693e-08 1.386e-07
32 1 -7.598e-08 -8.384e-07 7.864e-07
2 -3.417e-08 -3.625e-07 3.416e-07
3 1.095e-05 -8.445e-08 -3.026e-07
Table 2.5 : Nodal displacement (floor wise)
5 1 -3.184e-08 -3.682e-07 -4.428e-07
2 -1.432e-08 -1.592e-07 -1.909e-07
3 3.088e-06 4.256e-08 -7.988e-07
12 1 9.903e-09 -6.041e-07 -3.373e-07
2 4.095e-09 -2.613e-07 -1.471e-07
3 6.372e-06 6.713e-08 -7.221e-07
19 1 -2.829e-08 -7.609e-07 -2.621e-07
2 -1.249e-08 -3.291e-07 -1.158e-07
3 9.191e-06 8.057e-08 -5.559e-07
26 1 7.598e-08 -8.384e-07 -7.864e-07
2 3.417e-08 -3.625e-07 -3.416e-07
3 1.107e-05 8.534e-08 -3.126e-07
Note: Node 1 at ground floor is fixed and having no displacements
and rotations
Table 2.6.1(a) : Element member forces(left side columns)
Elem id Case I/J Fx(kN) Fy(kN) Mz(kNm)
1 1 1 3.368e+02 -1.278e+01 -1.776e+01
5 -3.368e+02 1.278e+01 -3.464e+01
2 1 1.456e+02 -5.519e+00 -7.676e+00
5 -1.456e+02 5.519e+00 -1.495e+01
3 1 -3.893e+01 1.973e+01 5.567e+01
5 3.893e+01 -1.973e+01 2.523e+01
2 1 5 2.527e+02 -2.894e+01 -5.300e+01
12 -2.527e+02 2.894e+01 -4.829e+01
2 5 1.093e+02 -1.253e+01 -2.291e+01
12 -1.093e+02 1.253e+01 -2.095e+01
3 5 -2.633e+01 1.361e+01 2.210e+01
12 2.633e+01 -1.361e+01 2.553e+01
Table 2.6.1(b) : Element member forces(left side columns)
3 1 12 1.681e+02 -2.377e+01 -4.328e+01
19 -1.681e+02 2.377e+01 -3.993e+01
2 12 7.271e+01 -1.042e+01 -1.894e+01
19 -7.271e+01 1.042e+01 -1.754e+01
3 12 -1.439e+01 1.274e+01 1.859e+01
19 1.439e+01 -1.274e+01 2.600e+01
4 1 19 8.298e+01 -3.784e+01 -5.452e+01
26 -8.298e+01 3.784e+01 -7.793e+01
2 19 3.582e+01 -1.648e+01 -2.380e+01
26 -3.582e+01 1.648e+01 -3.388e+01
3 19 -5.116e+00 7.797e+00 8.213e+00
26 5.116e+00 -7.797e+00 1.907e+01
Table 2.6.2(a) : Element member forces(left intermediate columns)
5 1 2 4.603e+02 8.708e+00 1.188e+01
7 -4.603e+02 -8.708e+00 2.382e+01
2 2 2.464e+02 3.054e+00 4.162e+00
7 -2.464e+02 -3.054e+00 8.358e+00
3 2 -6.593e+01 2.785e+01 6.681e+01
7 6.593e+01 -2.785e+01 4.738e+01
6 1 7 3.451e+02 2.127e+01 3.882e+01
14 -3.451e+02 -2.127e+01 3.563e+01
2 7 1.847e+02 7.431e+00 1.360e+01
14 -1.847e+02 -7.431e+00 1.241e+01
3 7 -4.270e+01 3.207e+01 5.620e+01
14 4.270e+01 -3.207e+01 5.605e+01
Table 2.6.2(b) : Element member forces(left intermediate columns)
7 1 14 2.305e+02 1.667e+01 3.020e+01
21 -2.305e+02 -1.667e+01 2.813e+01
2 14 1.233e+02 5.654e+00 1.030e+01
21 -1.233e+02 -5.654e+00 9.491e+00
3 14 -2.032e+01 2.628e+01 4.346e+01
21 2.032e+01 -2.628e+01 4.852e+01
8 1 21 1.163e+02 2.640e+01 3.961e+01
28 -1.163e+02 -2.640e+01 5.279e+01
2 21 6.218e+01 9.176e+00 1.368e+01
28 -6.218e+01 -9.176e+00 1.844e+01
3 21 -4.825e+00 1.706e+01 2.559e+01
28 4.825e+00 -1.706e+01 3.414e+01
Table 2.6.3(a) : Element member forces(right intermediate columns)
9 1 3 4.603e+02 -8.708e+00 -1.188e+01
9 -4.603e+02 8.708e+00 -2.382e+01
2 3 2.464e+02 -3.054e+00 -4.162e+00
9 -2.464e+02 3.054e+00 -8.358e+00
3 3 6.625e+01 2.784e+01 6.677e+01
9 -6.625e+01 -2.784e+01 4.736e+01
10 1 9 3.451e+02 -2.127e+01 -3.882e+01
16 -3.451e+02 2.127e+01 -3.563e+01
2 9 1.847e+02 -7.431e+00 -1.360e+01
16 -1.847e+02 7.431e+00 -1.241e+01
3 9 4.298e+01 3.202e+01 5.610e+01
16 -4.298e+01 -3.202e+01 5.598e+01
Table 2.6.3(b) : Element member forces(right intermediate columns)
11 1 16 2.305e+02 -1.667e+01 -3.020e+01
23 -2.305e+02 1.667e+01 -2.813e+01
2 16 1.233e+02 -5.654e+00 -1.030e+01
23 -1.233e+02 5.654e+00 -9.491e+00
3 16 2.053e+01 2.621e+01 4.332e+01
23 -2.053e+01 -2.621e+01 4.840e+01
12 1 23 1.163e+02 -2.640e+01 -3.961e+01
30 -1.163e+02 2.640e+01 -5.279e+01
2 23 6.218e+01 -9.176e+00 -1.368e+01
30 -6.218e+01 9.176e+00 -1.844e+01
3 23 4.921e+00 1.693e+01 2.536e+01
30 -4.921e+00 -1.693e+01 3.389e+01
Table 2.6.4(a) : Element member forces(right side columns)
13 1 4 3.368e+02 1.278e+01 1.776e+01
11 -3.368e+02 -1.278e+01 3.464e+01
2 4 1.456e+02 5.519e+00 7.676e+00
11 -1.456e+02 -5.519e+00 1.495e+01
3 4 3.861e+01 1.971e+01 5.556e+01
11 -3.861e+01 -1.971e+01 2.525e+01
14 1 11 2.527e+02 2.894e+01 5.300e+01
18 -2.527e+02 -2.894e+01 4.829e+01
2 11 1.093e+02 1.253e+01 2.291e+01
18 -1.093e+02 -1.253e+01 2.095e+01
3 11 2.605e+01 1.353e+01 2.190e+01
18 -2.605e+01 -1.353e+01 2.547e+01
Table 2.6.4(b) : Element member forces(right side columns)
15 1 18 1.681e+02 2.377e+01 4.328e+01
25 -1.681e+02 -2.377e+01 3.993e+01
2 18 7.271e+01 1.042e+01 1.894e+01
25 -7.271e+01 -1.042e+01 1.754e+01
3 18 1.418e+01 1.264e+01 1.833e+01
25 -1.418e+01 -1.264e+01 2.591e+01
16 1 25 8.298e+01 3.784e+01 5.452e+01
32 -8.298e+01 -3.784e+01 7.793e+01
2 25 3.582e+01 1.648e+01 2.380e+01
32 -3.582e+01 -1.648e+01 3.388e+01
3 25 5.019e+00 7.553e+00 7.805e+00
32 -5.019e+00 -7.553e+00 1.863e+01
Table 2.6.5(a) : Element member forces (first floor)
17 1 5 -1.616e+01 8.409e+01 8.763e+01
6 1.616e+01 8.716e-01 5.800e+01
2 5 -7.014e+00 3.628e+01 3.786e+01
6 7.014e+00 4.721e-01 2.480e+01
3 5 -2.233e+00 -1.260e+01 -4.732e+01
6 2.233e+00 1.260e+01 3.227e+00
18 1 6 -1.616e+01 -8.716e-01 -5.800e+01
7 1.616e+01 8.583e+01 -9.373e+01
2 6 -7.014e+00 -4.721e-01 -2.480e+01
7 7.014e+00 3.722e+01 -4.117e+01
3 6 -2.233e+00 -1.260e+01 -3.227e+00
7 2.233e+00 1.260e+01 -4.087e+01
Table 2.6.5(b) : Element member forces (first floor)
19 1 7 -3.596e+00 2.935e+01 3.110e+01
8 3.596e+00 3.197e-14 -5.415e+00
2 7 -2.636e+00 2.450e+01 1.921e+01
8 2.636e+00 1.421e-14 2.230e+00
3 7 1.989e+00 -3.583e+01 -6.271e+01
8 -1.989e+00 3.583e+01 9.318e-03
20 1 8 -3.596e+00 -2.842e-14 5.415e+00
9 3.596e+00 2.935e+01 -3.110e+01
2 8 -2.636e+00 -3.553e-15 -2.230e+00
9 2.636e+00 2.450e+01 -1.921e+01
3 8 1.989e+00 -3.583e+01 -9.318e-03
9 -1.989e+00 3.583e+01 -6.269e+01
Table 2.6.5(c) : Element member forces (first floor)
21 1 9 -1.616e+01 8.583e+01 9.373e+01
10 1.616e+01 -8.716e-01 5.800e+01
2 9 -7.014e+00 3.722e+01 4.117e+01
10 7.014e+00 -4.721e-01 2.480e+01
3 9 6.176e+00 -1.256e+01 -4.077e+01
10 -6.176e+00 1.256e+01 -3.190e+00
22 1 10 -1.616e+01 8.716e-01 -5.800e+01
11 1.616e+01 8.409e+01 -8.763e+01
2 10 -7.014e+00 4.721e-01 -2.480e+01
11 7.014e+00 3.628e+01 -3.786e+01
3 10 6.176e+00 -1.256e+01 3.190e+00
11 -6.176e+00 1.256e+01 -4.715e+01
Table 2.6.6(a) : Element member forces (second floor)
23 1 12 5.165e+00 8.465e+01 9.157e+01
13 -5.165e+00 3.105e-01 5.602e+01
2 12 2.110e+00 3.663e+01 3.989e+01
13 -2.110e+00 1.172e-01 2.401e+01
3 12 1.250e+01 -1.194e+01 -4.411e+01
13 -1.250e+01 1.194e+01 2.334e+00
24 1 13 5.165e+00 -3.105e-01 -5.602e+01
14 -5.165e+00 8.527e+01 -9.374e+01
2 13 2.110e+00 -1.172e-01 -2.401e+01
14 -2.110e+00 3.687e+01 -4.071e+01
3 13 1.250e+01 -1.194e+01 -2.334e+00
14 -1.250e+01 1.194e+01 -3.944e+01
Table 2.6.6(b) : Element member forces (second floor)
25 1 14 5.626e-01 2.935e+01 2.791e+01
15 -5.626e-01 3.197e-14 -2.226e+00
2 14 3.332e-01 2.450e+01 1.801e+01
15 -3.332e-01 1.421e-14 3.427e+00
3 14 6.712e+00 -3.431e+01 -6.007e+01
15 -6.712e+00 3.431e+01 1.849e-02
26 1 15 5.626e-01 0.000e+00 2.226e+00
16 -5.626e-01 2.935e+01 -2.791e+01
2 15 3.332e-01 5.329e-15 -3.427e+00
16 -3.332e-01 2.450e+01 -1.801e+01
3 15 6.712e+00 -3.431e+01 -1.849e-02
16 -6.712e+00 3.431e+01 -6.003e+01
Table 2.6.6(c) : Element member forces (second floor)
27 1 16 5.165e+00 8.527e+01 9.374e+01
17 -5.165e+00 -3.105e-01 5.602e+01
2 16 2.110e+00 3.687e+01 4.071e+01
17 -2.110e+00 -1.172e-01 2.401e+01
3 16 8.932e-01 -1.187e+01 -3.926e+01
17 -8.932e-01 1.187e+01 -2.266e+00
28 1 17 5.165e+00 3.105e-01 -5.602e+01
18 -5.165e+00 8.465e+01 -9.157e+01
2 17 2.110e+00 1.172e-01 -2.401e+01
18 -2.110e+00 3.663e+01 -3.989e+01
3 17 8.932e-01 -1.187e+01 2.266e+00
18 -8.932e-01 1.187e+01 -4.380e+01
Table 2.6.7(a) : Element member forces (third floor)
29 1 19 -1.407e+01 8.508e+01 9.445e+01
20 1.407e+01 -1.241e-01 5.466e+01
2 19 -6.057e+00 3.689e+01 4.134e+01
20 6.057e+00 -1.386e-01 2.346e+01
3 19 2.358e+01 -9.277e+00 -3.422e+01
20 -2.358e+01 9.277e+00 1.747e+00
30 1 20 -1.407e+01 1.241e-01 -5.466e+01
21 1.407e+01 8.483e+01 -9.358e+01
2 20 -6.057e+00 1.386e-01 -2.346e+01
21 6.057e+00 3.661e+01 -4.037e+01
3 20 2.358e+01 -9.277e+00 -1.747e+00
21 -2.358e+01 9.277e+00 -3.072e+01
Table 2.6.7(b) : Element member forces (third floor)
31 1 21 -4.339e+00 2.935e+01 2.584e+01
22 4.339e+00 -8.704e-14 -1.541e-01
2 21 -2.535e+00 2.450e+01 1.720e+01
22 2.535e+00 1.954e-14 4.234e+00
3 21 1.436e+01 -2.478e+01 -4.339e+01
22 -1.436e+01 2.478e+01 2.896e-02
32 1 22 -4.339e+00 -5.329e-14 1.541e-01
23 4.339e+00 2.935e+01 -2.584e+01
2 22 -2.535e+00 8.882e-15 -4.234e+00
23 2.535e+00 2.450e+01 -1.720e+01
3 22 1.436e+01 -2.478e+01 -2.896e-02
23 -1.436e+01 2.478e+01 -4.333e+01
Table 2.6.7(c) : Element member forces (third floor)
33 1 23 -1.407e+01 8.483e+01 9.358e+01
24 1.407e+01 1.241e-01 5.466e+01
2 23 -6.057e+00 3.661e+01 4.037e+01
24 6.057e+00 1.386e-01 2.346e+01
3 23 5.087e+00 -9.165e+00 -3.044e+01
24 -5.087e+00 9.165e+00 -1.641e+00
34 1 24 -1.407e+01 -1.241e-01 -5.466e+01
25 1.407e+01 8.508e+01 -9.445e+01
2 24 -6.057e+00 -1.386e-01 -2.346e+01
25 6.057e+00 3.689e+01 -4.134e+01
3 24 5.087e+00 -9.165e+00 1.641e+00
25 -5.087e+00 9.165e+00 -3.372e+01
Table 2.6.8(a) : Element member forces (roof)
35 1 26 3.784e+01 8.298e+01 7.793e+01
27 -3.784e+01 1.982e+00 6.381e+01
2 26 1.648e+01 3.582e+01 3.388e+01
27 -1.648e+01 9.328e-01 2.717e+01
3 26 4.155e+01 -5.116e+00 -1.907e+01
27 -4.155e+01 5.116e+00 1.170e+00
36 1 27 3.784e+01 -1.982e+00 -6.381e+01
28 -3.784e+01 8.694e+01 -9.181e+01
2 27 1.648e+01 -9.328e-01 -2.717e+01
28 -1.648e+01 3.768e+01 -4.041e+01
3 27 4.155e+01 -5.116e+00 -1.170e+00
28 -4.155e+01 5.116e+00 -1.673e+01
Table 2.6.8(b) : Element member forces (roof)
37 1 28 1.144e+01 2.935e+01 3.902e+01
29 -1.144e+01 1.421e-14 -1.333e+01
2 28 7.304e+00 2.450e+01 2.197e+01
29 -7.304e+00 -2.309e-14 -5.308e-01
3 28 2.448e+01 -9.940e+00 -1.741e+01
29 -2.448e+01 9.940e+00 1.208e-02
38 1 29 1.144e+01 0.000e+00 1.333e+01
30 -1.144e+01 2.935e+01 -3.902e+01
2 29 7.304e+00 0.000e+00 5.308e-01
30 -7.304e+00 2.450e+01 -2.197e+01
3 29 2.448e+01 -9.940e+00 -1.208e-02
30 -2.448e+01 9.940e+00 -1.738e+01
Table 2.6.8(c) : Element member forces (roof)
39 1 30 3.784e+01 8.694e+01 9.181e+01
31 -3.784e+01 -1.982e+00 6.381e+01
2 30 1.648e+01 3.768e+01 4.041e+01
31 -1.648e+01 -9.328e-01 2.717e+01
3 30 7.553e+00 -5.019e+00 -1.650e+01
31 -7.553e+00 5.019e+00 -1.064e+00
40 1 31 3.784e+01 1.982e+00 -6.381e+01
32 -3.784e+01 8.298e+01 -7.793e+01
2 31 1.648e+01 9.328e-01 -2.717e+01
32 -1.648e+01 3.582e+01 -3.388e+01
3 31 7.553e+00 -5.019e+00 1.064e+00
32 -7.553e+00 5.019e+00 -1.863e+01
Table 2.7 : Support reactions
Node Id Case Fx(kN) Fy(kN) Mz(kNm)
1 1 3.368e+02 -1.278e+01 -1.776e+01
2 1.456e+02 -5.519e+00 -7.676e+00
3 -3.893e+01 1.973e+01 5.567e+01
2 1 4.603e+02 8.708e+00 1.188e+01
2 2.464e+02 3.054e+00 4.162e+00
3 -6.593e+01 2.785e+01 6.681e+01
3 1 4.603e+02 -8.708e+00 -1.188e+01
2 2.464e+02 -3.054e+00 -4.162e+00
3 6.625e+01 2.784e+01 6.677e+01
4 1 3.368e+02 1.278e+01 1.776e+01
2 1.456e+02 5.519e+00 7.676e+00
3 3.861e+01 1.971e+01 5.556e+01
Design of beams
Design of beams
(i) Design moment for element no. 17 (first floor, span)
= 1.5Mz,DL + 1.5Mz,LL
= 1.5 57.995 + 1.5 24.797
= 124.189kNm
Design of beams
(i) Characteristics strength of concrete, fck =25 N/mm2

(ii) Characteristics strength of reinforcing steel, fy =415 N/mm2
(iii) Design moment, Mu=124.189 kNm
(iv) Width of beam, b=300 mm
(v) Overall depth, D=400 mm
(vi) Clear cover, cc=25 mm
(vii) Effective depth, d
=D cc t /2
=400 25 16/2
=367 mm
Design of beams
(viii) Coefficient, Qub

=k1 xdub (1 k2 xdub )
=0.36 0.48 (1 0.42 0.48)
=0.138
(ix) Moment of resistance due to concrete, Mucb
=Qub fck b d 2
=0.138 25 300 3672
=139.185 kNm
(x) Lever arm q
factor, j
Mu
=0.5 + 0.25 0.87 fck b d 2
q
124.189106
=0.5 + 0.25 0.8725300.0367367
=0.830
Design of beams
(xi) Area of tensile reinforcement required, Astr

= 0.87Mfyu j d
124.189106
= 0.874150.830367.0
=1129.6 mm2
(xii) Area of tensile reinforcement, Ast
=nt 2t /4
=6 3.14159 162 /4
=1206.4 mm2
(xiii) Moment of resistance due to steel (Cl. G-1.1(b)), Musp
=0.87 fy Ast (1 ffyck Abdst )d
=0.87 415 1206.4
4151206.37
(1 25300.0367.0 367.0
=130.776 kNm
Summary
Summary
This example is taken for a demonstration.

More detail analysis can be carried out considering different roof
load.
Load of transverse walls is not considered in calculation of
lateral load due to earthquake.
It is possible to solve the problem using commercial software.
Here an attempt is made to show the calculation at different
stages.
Note: This document is prepared by programming in Python.
IS Codes
IS Codes
IS 456 : 2000 Indian Standard Plain and Reinforced Concrete

(Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi)
IS 875 : 1987 Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design
Loads(Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures,
Part:1-5
IS 1893(Part 1) : 2002 Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake
Resistant Design of Structures, Part 1: General Provisions and
Buildings
Thank you

Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

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Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

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Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

Prof. Nirjhar Dhang

Design of Multi-storeyed Building Frame

1 Design of reinforced concrete elements

2 Design of G+3 storeyed school building

3 Plane frame analysis

In any structure, stresses may be developed due to

We, now, know how to design

We also know how to check

At this stage, it may not be clear how to apply these design

Therefore, we shall take an example of a framed structure.

Let us take an example of design of a G+3 storeyed school

Problem : 1 The plan of a G+3 storeyed school building is shown

Figure 1: Building plan

Figure 2: Building plan

Figure 4: Elevation at grid line C

Figure 5: School Building : Footings

Figure 6: School Building : 3D View-1

Figure 7: School Building : 3D View-2

Figure 8: School Building : 3D View-3

Figure 9: School Building : without slab : 3D View -1

Figure 10: School Building : without slab : 3D View -2

Figure 11: School Building : without slab : 3D View -3

Figure 12: School Building : without slab : 3D View -4

Figure 13: School Building : Planar frames : 3D View - 1

Figure 14: School Building : Planar franes : 3D View - 2

(i) Design shall conform to the following Indian Standard Codes

(vi) The earthquake zone shall be considered as zone : III

(i) Thickness of slab = 125mm

(i) 125 mm thickness of slab (0.125 25.0) = 3.125kN/m2

(vii) Length of each bay = 3.500 m

(i)Length of each bay = 3.500 m

(i) Dead load of roof

= (2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

(ii) Live load of roof

= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

(iii) Dead load of third floor

(2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

(iv) Live load of third floor

= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

(v) Dead load of second floor

= (2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

(vi) Live load of second floor

= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

(vii) Dead load of first floor

= (2 24.274 7.000 + 16.774 3.500)

(viii) Live load of first floor

= (2 10.500 7.000 + 14.000 3.500)

Summary of weights in different floors

(i) Earthquake zone : III

Table 2 : Determination of Lateral loads

Table 3 : Load combination

Table 2.1(a) : Nodal data (ground floor)

Table 2.1(b) : Nodal data (first floor)

Table 2.1(c) : Nodal data (second floor)

Table 2.1(d) : Nodal data (third floor)

Table 2.1(e) : Nodal data (roof)

Table 2.2 : Nodal load (floor wise)

Table 2.3(a) : Element data(left side columns)

Table 2.3(b) : Element data(left intermediate columns)

Table 2.3(c) : Element data(right intermediate columns)

Table 2.3(d) : Element data(right side columns)

Table 2.3(e) : Element data(first floor beams)

Table 2.3(f) : Element data(second floor beams)